5d Cloning

• Define clone.

• Clone: a group of genetically identical organisms or a group of cells derived from a single parent cell.

• 5.17 describe the process of micropropagation (tissue culture) in which small pieces of plants (explants) are grown in vitro using nutrient media

• 5.18 understand how micropropagation can be used to produce commercial quantities of identical plants (clones) with desirable characteristics

• 5.19 describe the stages in the production of cloned mammals involving the introduction of a diploid nucleus from a mature cell into an enucleated egg cell, illustrated by Dolly the sheep

Animal Cloning

Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned from the DNA of an adult . Here she is with her first-born lamb, Bonnie.Roslin Institute, Edinburgh

• The goal of cloning is to take control of the reproductive process.

• You are able to select the specific combination of genes to get what you want.

• That's appealing to people who breed animals .

Animal Cloning

Animal Cloning : how ‘Dolly’ the sheep clone was created.

5 .20

• evaluate the potential for using cloned transgenic animals, for example to produce commercial quantities of human antibodies or organs for transplantation.

Animal Cloning

• Who else might be interested in cloning ?

Cloning involves removing the chromosomes from an animal's egg cell and replacing them with chromosomes taken from a cell belonging to a different adult animal.

Roslin Institute, Edinburgh

Modern cloning techniques include :

• Adult cell cloning (also known as Fusion Cell Cloning or reproductive Cloning)

• Embryo Cloning

Animal Cloning

Cloned meat safe to eat (bbc science article)

• http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11844141

Copy and paste above link into your browser to watch this news clip.

What are the advantages (+) and disadvantages (-) of animal cloning ?

(+) (-)

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

What are the advantages (+) and disadvantages (-) of animal cloning ?

(+) (-)1.We can make copies with the characteristics we want.

1.We reduce variety in a species.

2.We can make many copies of the kind of animal we want quickly (see embryo cloning).

2.Cloned animals have short life spans.

3. Extinct or endangered species can be repopulated through cloning.

3.Cloning is regarded as immoral by many people.

4. Makes it possible to produce a genetically identical copy of an individual for tissue or organ transplantation.

4. Many, even thousands of eggs may be required to generate one viable clone--a wasteful, expensive process.