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8/9/2019 5506 Slides
1/24
WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Wake-on-WLAN
Nilesh Mishra, Bhaskaran Raman,
Abhinav PathakDepartment of Computer Science
and Engineering, IIT Kanpur
Power management for 802.11 mesh networks using
802.15.4
Kameswari Chebrolu
Department of ElectricalEngineering, IIT Kanpur
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
2/24
WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
802.11 Mesh Network
802.11 designed forindoor usage
Usage of 802.11 forlong distance
connectivity Power as a constraint
Lack of support incurrent hardware
Wake-on-WLAN
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Summary: Current 802.11 hardware isnot power efficient but is being used toprovide long distance connectivity
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
3/24
WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Power ConsumptionMeasurements
A typical mesh node
Single board
computer based802.11 bridge/router
Directional Antenna
RF cable forconnections
*http://www.hyperlinktech.com/web/hg2424g.php
*
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
4/24WakeWake--onon--WLANWLAN
Nilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Power ConsumptionMeasurements (continued)
Observations on power consumption: Increases with insertion of card Higher for Tx than Rx Considerable variation over
different card makes
Summary: Even idle powerconsumption is significant
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
5/24WakeWake--onon--WLANWLAN
Nilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Trivial solution
Node 1Node 1
Node 2Node 2
Node 3Node 3
Node 4Node 4
Wired GatewayWired Gateway
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Requirements
Node 1Node 1
Node 2Node 2
Node 3Node 3
Node 4Node 4
Wired GatewayWired Gateway
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
WOW!
Node 1Node 1
Node 2Node 2
Node 3Node 3
Node 4Node 4
Wired GatewayWired Gateway
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
IEEE 802.15.4
Energy optimized
Low cost radio (< $5)
Works in the same2.4GHz as 802.11
Sensor motes
MicrocontrollerMicrocontroller
Power SupplySubsystem
Power SupplySubsystem
CommunicationSubsystem
CommunicationSubsystem
Sensing SubsystemSensing Subsystem
Application LayerSubsystem
Application LayerSubsystem
CPU
Memory
RadioRadioRadio
Software
Sensor
ADC/DAC
BatteryBatteryBattery
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
9/24
WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Architecture
Node 1Node 1
Node 2Node 2
Node 3Node 3
Node 4Node 4
Wired GatewayWired Gateway
Nodes turned off
Remote turn on
Multi-hop setting Delay due to boot
up
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
10/24
WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Architecture
RF switch
or splitter
Battery
Power
switchingcircuit
Node1
Antenna
Node2
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
CCA modes of 802.15.4 Clear if energy below
threshold Clear if valid 802.15.4
packet Clear if valid 802.15.4
packet and energybelow threshold
Use of Chipcons CC2420CCA mode
Configurable frequencyand energy threshold
parameters Relay based switching
circuit
Does not store the state
Implementation Details Introduction
Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Summary: 802.15.4 compliantradio is able to detect 802.11 traffic
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Wake-on-WLAN Features
On-demand, course-grained power on/off ofnetworking equipments at a remote site.
Use of off the shelf 802.15.4 compliant sensormotes working in 2.4 GHz.
Setting ideal for rural deployment. Usage of data channel itself for remote wake-up
No separate antenna (shared with 802.11equipment).
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Detection of 802 11
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
A laptop with D-LinkDWL650 802.11b card
running trafficgenapplication as data trafficsource
Packets of size 1462 bytesat 1Mbps with inter packetintervals of 10, 20 and
100ms
Polling of CCA pin on
sensor node every 3ms
Detection of 802.11Transmission
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Summary: Traffic pattern of 802.11successfully replicated on motes
I d i R l
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Validation on 3.5KmIITK-Mohanpur link on
DGP testbed External antenna
connected Calibrated 802.11
card for determiningRxPower
Outdoor Evaluations Introduction
Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Summary: Low sensitivity of 802.15.4essential for working of Wake-on-WLAN inlong distance settings
I t d ti R lt
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Power consumption of Soekris acting as arouter/switch with two wireless 802.11b cards =
7.7W (typical) Boot-up time for Soekris 50s
VoIP service in Sarauhan in the DGP testbed Usage pattern: 15 calls/day of 71s avg duration
Sensor mote typical values: Vcc = 2.8V and I =23mA with CPU and Radio receiving.
Example Scenario Introduction
Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Introduction Results
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Eno_wow = Pup x Tup Ewow = Emote + Ebootup + Eusage where
Emote = Vmote x Imote x Tidle Ebootup = Pbootup x Tbootup Eusage = Pup x Tactive
Using above values
Eno_wow = 120 Whrs
Emote = 1.54Whrs Ebootup = 1.04Whrs
Eusage = 7.73Whrs
Thus power saving is:
(Eno_wow Ewow)/ Eno_wow Greater than 91%
Example Scenario Introduction
Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Introduction Results
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Does not work on 802.11a
Hibernation facility desired: faster boot-up
Suffers from noise generated triggers
Advanced usage: morphing topology More detailed study of usage pattern for better
power savings.
Discussion Introduction
Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Introduction Results
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Narrow band RF detector
Wake-On-Wireless [Shieh, etal]
Concept of smart brick andmini brick
Separate frequency channel for
wake-up Turducken: Hierarchical
power management for
mobile devices [Sorber, et al] Hierarchy of devices Decomposition of task
Use of WiFi detectors
Summary: Usage scenario for RuralNetworking and use of 802.15.4 is unique
Introduction Related Work Motivation Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Wake-on-Wireless
Turducken Wake-on-LAN
Separateantennafordetection
Yes Yes No
Separatedata andtriggerchannels
Suitablefor lowcost longdistancelinks
Yes No No
No No Yes
Related Work
Introduction Results
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Application Scenarios
VOIP usage in a typical setup
10-30 calls of 1-2 minutes duration
Solar Power WiFi (http://www.green-wifi.org/) Low cost solar powered WiFi grid.
On-demand data retrieval for bridge monitoring.
Summary: Wake-on-WLAN is useful inenergy constrained use of 802.11 equipments
Introduction Related Work Motivation
Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Introduction Results
http://www.green-wifi.org/http://www.green-wifi.org/8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Applications
ExternalAntenna Base node
Node 4Node 3 Node 2 Node 1
IEEE802.15.4
IEEE802.11
BriMon Project
With: Hemanth HaridasCSE, IIT Kanpur
Introduction Related Work Motivation
Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Introduction Results
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Application
BriMon Project
With: Hemanth HaridasCSE, IIT Kanpur
t oduct o Related Work Motivation
Results
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Introduction Results
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Application
BriMon Project
With: Hemanth HaridasCSE, IIT Kanpur
Related Work Motivation Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Introduction Results
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
23/24
WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Signature pattern based Wake-on-WLAN
Checks for a pattern in a code window
Overcomes the problem of noise triggered falsewake-up
Works in existence of periodic or non periodicnoise.
Improvements in switching circuit
Latching circuit
Transistor based switch
New Developments Related Work Motivation
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions
Introduction Results
8/9/2019 5506 Slides
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WakeWake--onon--WLANWLANNilesh Mishra, Kameswari Chebrolu,
Bhaskaran Raman and Abhinav Pathak
IIT Kan ur
Lack of power save mode in current WiFi Meshnetworking hardware
Novel Wake-on-WLAN mechanism for multi hopremote on-demand wake-up of mesh nodes.
Substantial power savings using Wake-on-WLAN (> 91%).
Prototype tested and verified for ruraldeployment
Newer applications emerging.
Summary: Power management tools arerequired for current 802.11 based networksdeployed in energy constrained scenarios
Conclusions Related Work Motivation
Prototype Recent Addition Results Conclusions