API 510 Preparatory 4 – 15 September 2004, Dammam

Bench Mark Quiz

API 510 PREPARATORY

BENCH MARK QUIZ Note: Tick only one alternative, which you think is most appropriate.

1. Which of the following types of discontinuities is not normally detected by radiography?

a. Cracks b. Incomplete penetration c. Laminations d. Slag

2. API 510 __________ be used as a substitute for the

original construction of pressure vessels before it is placed in-service.

a) Shall not b) Should c) May d) Shall

3. Compared to ASTM A 515 Gr. 60 plates, ASTM A 516

Gr. 60 plates have:

a. Better Tensile Strength b. Better toughness c. Better high temp. properties d. None of above

4. Who establishes inspection interval for thickness

measurements, and external visual inspections.

a) Vessel engineer; b) Owner-user or the inspector c) Corrosion Engineer

d) NDE engineer

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5. ASME Sec. VIII Div.1 is based on factor of safety equal to

a) 4 b) 3 c) 3.5 d) 2.5

6. Identify incorrect statement from following, if any.

a. A welder performing procedure test is also qualified in that position. b. Supplementary essential variables become essential variables

when impact test is specified. c. For procedure qualification, the test can be performed in

any position as the position is not essential variable for procedure qualification.

d. None of above is incorrect statement 7. In plate specification A 516 Gr 70, the letter A indicates:

a. That material is ASME material. (A for ASME) b. That material is Ferrous material c. That material is Non-Ferrous material d. None of the above

8. The symbol which indicates ASME code stamping for vessels

manufactured to ASME Section VIII Div. 1 is

a) U1 b) U2 c) U d) None of these

9. What will be the mandatory Edition and addenda for ASME Sec.

VIII, Div. 1 to be used as on 4 September 2004?

a. 2001 edition and 2002 addenda b. 2001 edition and 2003 addenda c. 2001 edition with 2004 addenda d. None of the above

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10. The term E used in shell thickness formula in ASME Sec. VIII

Div.1, represents weld joint efficiency, whose value is equal to 1, if:

a. Longitudinal and circumferential welds are radiographed

for their entire length b. Longitudinal welds are radiographed for their entire length

and circumferential welds are spot radiographed . c. Both welds are spot radiographed d. a and b above

11. A restoration work by weld-overlay was carried out on corroded

wall of vessel and it can now be used as per the design conditions of the vessel. This activity will be termed as:

a. Renewal of vessel b. Repair of vessel c. Alteration to vessel d. Re-rating of vessel

12. In certain MP. Check of pr. Vessel, The size of "indication" for a

certain discontinuity was seen as 4 mm but after the MP. Check and using magnifying glass it was seen having actual size as 2.5mm only. If stipulated acceptance criteria for that type of discontinuity was 3 mm, your decision is:

a. The size of indication is higher than 3mm. Reject. b. The size of discontinuity is lower than 3 mm, Accept. c. Depends on opinion of Examiner. d. Depends on the procedure adopted for MPI. i.e dry or wet

particles. 13. ASME Code requires averaging of impact test values of how

many specimen for the relevant acceptance criteria.

(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) None of these

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14. A stainless steel weld has a crack open to the surface . Which

NDT method will reveal it effectively? a. Liquid Penetrant b. Magnetic particle c. Radiography d. All of above.

15. PQR document normally may be revised and re submitted for

acceptance.

a. True b. False c. Depends on company policy d. Depends on Third party inspector’s discretion.

16. Hot tapping is best described by statement:

a. It is technique of preheating the vessel wall to specified temperature and tapping with 1lb. rounded hammer to detect wall thinning

b. It is technique of providing a tapping connection while the system is in operation

c. It is technique of fixing a on/off tap on drain nozzle of pressure vessel

d. It is act of pre heating the component before using the tap and die for threading so that less effort is required for threading operation.

17. Which of the following represent grouping of weld-metals in

ASME IX?

a. P – Nos b. F – Nos c. S – Nos d. A - Nos

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18. A inspector should be stricter while carrying out inspection on:

a. Longitudinal Joint b. Circumferential Joints c. Both are equally critical as per ASME Sec. VIII, Div.1 d. Depends on QA plan

19. PT examination is used to detect the surface cracks in welds as

well as in base metal plates. For proper detection,

a. We should allow higher penetrant time on weld b. We should allow higher penetrant time on plates c. Penetrant time on weld as well as plates is same d. Depends on type of penetrant used.

20. As per ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1, “Weld joint category” means:

a. Type of weld, i.e., Single V type, Double V type, U type etc.

b. Type of weld, i.e., Full penetration, partial penetration etc. c. Location of weld, i.e., longitudinal, circumferential, nozzle

attachment weld etc. d. Type of weld joint, i.e., Butt-weld joint, fillet weld joint, lap

joint, etc.

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API 510 Pressure Vessel Inspector Program 4 – 15 September 2004

API 510 PREPARATORY

BENCH MARK QUIZ Answer Key

Q. NO. ANSWER Q. NO. ANSWER

1 C 27 2 A 28 3 B 29 4 B 30 5 C 31 6 D 32 7 B 33 8 C 34 9 D 35 10 D 36 11 B 37 12 A 38 13 B 39 14 A 40 15 B 41 16 B 42 17 D 43 18 A 44 19 B 45 20 C 46 21 ----------------------- 47 22 48 23 49 24 50 25 51 26 52

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4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 7 (Closed Book)

1. For corrosion area of considerable size; thickness averaging

along most critical element shall not exceed following length for 48” ID vessel and 72” ID vessel.

a. 20” and 40” respectively b. 16” and 24” respectively c. 20” and 24” respectively d. None of the above

2. A carbon steel pressure vessel has to be repaired with the

substitute plate of carbon steel with:

a. Carbon content <0.35% and compatible with original material

b. Carbon Equivalent <0.35% and of known weldable quality c. Carbon Equivalent <0.35% and compatible with original

material d. Equivalent weldable quality material

3. Which of the following are areas on the pressure vessel which

are susceptible to CUI?

a. All the area which is below insulation b. Insulated areas below steam vents c. Insulated piping exposed to cooling tower mist d. “b” and “c” above

4. Corrosion under insulation (CUI) due to environmental factors

like humidity, moisture, will be more pronounced at temperature

a. 25°F to 250°F b. More than 250°F c. Lower than 25ºF d. CUI is independent of temperature

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5. For a vessel find estimated remaining life and next planned

external inspection if actual thickness measured during inspection is 0.45” and minimum required thickness is 0.37”. Estimated corrosion rate is 10 mpy.

a. 10 years, 5 years b. 8 years, 5 years c. 8 years, 4 years d. 10 years, 10 years

6. In above question, if estimated corrosion rate is 20 mpy. The next

planned internal and external inspection shall not be later than:

a. 8 years, 4 years b. 4 years, 4 years c. 2 years, 2 years d. 8 years, 5 years

7. For a vessel, remaining life is estimated as 24 years from now,

next planned internal and external inspection shall not be later than:

a. 12 Years, 5 years b. 10 Years, 10 years c. 10 Years, 5 years d. None of the above

8. For a vessel, remaining life is estimated as 3 years from now, next planned internal and external inspection may be planned _______ years from now.

a. 1.5 Years, 3 years b. 2 Years, 2 years c. 1.5 Years, 1.5 years d. b and c

9. A stainless Steel cladded vessel, working in hydrogen environment at elevated temperature, repair of the missing /corroded cladding is to be carried out. What heat treatment on base metal (prior to cladding repair) and what NDT should be done after clad repair is performed.

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a. Local post weld heat treatment and MT check b. Local post weld heat treatment and RT check c. Base metal out gassing and PT check d. Base metal out gassing and MT check

10. Which of the following is / are to be undertaken in case the ownership and location of vessel are changed.

a. The vessel shall be hydro tested only. b. The vessel shall be internally and externally inspected

before it is re-used. c. The allowable conditions of service shall be established and

the next period of inspection shall be established for the new service.

d. Only “b” and “c” 11. After completion of repairs, a pressure test:

a. Must always be conducted. b. Shall be applied if the authorized pressure vessel inspector

believes that one is necessary. c. Must never be conducted. d. Shall be conducted only if repair is done on pressure parts.

12. After completion of alterations a pressure test is:

a. Normally required b. Subject to approval of the jurisdiction (where applicable)

appropriate NDE shall be required where pressure test is not performed

c. Generally not required d. Only “a” and “b” above

13. Authorization for which of the following approval from pressure

vessel engineer is not mandatory:

a. Repairs for vessels that comply with Sec. VIII, Div. 1 b. Alterations for vessels that comply with Sec. VIII, Div. 1 c. Repairs for vessels that comply with Sec. VIII, Div. 2 d. Alternations for vessels that comply with sec VIII, Div 2

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14. For vessel with M.O.C. = 516 gr 70, PWHT was carried out

initially as required by construction code, major welding repairs were carried out. PWHT, is inconvenient. What can be done to avoid the PWHT. Impact testing is not required.

a. Welding shall be done using SMAW/GMAW/GTAW b. Weld shall be pre-heated to 300°F (min) and interpass

temperature limited to 600°F c. Pre-heating to be maintained up to 4” or four times

thickness (whichever is higher) on either side of weld groove.

d. All of the above shall be done.

15. Who is responsible for re-rating calculations for re-rating of pressure vessels?

a. API certified inspector b. The pressure vessel engineer c. The national board inspector d. Corrosion expert

16. For avoiding PWHT after welding repair is done on Vessels with

M.O.C. falling in P Nos. 1, 3, 4 (with impact testing), The welding repair shall be done with:

a. Procedure qualification as per ASME Sec. IX only b. Procedure qualification shall be done as per Sec. IX and

API-510 c. Any one of the above is okay d. Procedure shall be qualified as per API 1104

17. Procedure qualification in above question shall be done using:

a. Temper-bead technique b. Half-bead technique c. Any one (a) or (b) d. None of the above shall be used.

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18. Which of the following type of patches are permitted by API 510

for repairs on pressure vessels?

a. Insert patch with full penetration weld b. Insert patch with partial penetration weld c. A full encirclement lap band d. a and c only

19. API 510 requires that NDE of repair welds shall include:

a. Prior to welding, the area prepared for deposit be

examined by MT or PT b. After weld is completed it shall be examined again by MT

or PT c. Any one of a or b d. Both of a and b

20. If remaining life for a vessel is estimated as 2 years from now,

next planned internal and external inspection shall not be later than:

a. 1 Year, 1 years b. 2 Years, 2 years c. 1 Years, 2 years d. Any of the above

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API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 7 - Closed Book

ANSWER KEY

Q. NO. ANSWER REFERENCE 1 C API 510, 5.7 (a) 2 A API 510, 7.2.8 3 D API 510, 6.3 4 A API 510, 6.3 5 C API 510, 6.3 and 6.4 6 C API 510, 6.3 and 6.4 7 C API 510, 6.3 and 6.4 8 D API 510, 6.3 and 6.4 9 C API 510, 7.2.6 10 D API 510, 6.4 last para 11 B API 510, 7.2.10 12 D API 510, 7.2.10 13 A API 510, 7.1.1 14 D API 510, 7.2.3.2 15 B API 510, 7.3 16 B API 510, 7.2.3.2 and 7.2.1 17 C API 510, 7.2.3.2 f (7) 18 D API 510, 7.2.7 19 D API 510, 7.2.4 20 B API 510, 6.4

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API 510 PREPARATORY COURSE. EXAM-8

WELDING QUALIFICATION QUIZ – OPEN BOOK

(To Answer the questions Refer to Attached PQR / WPS)

Note: Tick only one alternative which you think is most appropriate.

1. Choose correct statement from the following:

a. The PQR shows root spacing of 1/8” and same shall be followed in production welding.

b. PQR shows beval angle 37°. It shall be followed in production welding without change.

c. PQR does not show backing ring, hence production weld also can not be with backing ring

d. None of above is correct statement.

2. What condition below describes the results of the guided bend

test?

a. The three bend tests are acceptable and the fourth one is not acceptable

b. The test result overall is acceptable c. The test result is not acceptable due to the linear

indication d. The bend test result is indeterminable, carry out re-

test.

3. The minimum qualified preheat temperature for the WPS is:

a. 200° F b. 100° F c. 75° F d. 5 mm (3/16”)

4. What welding process is qualified by this PQR?

a. GTAW b. SMAW c. GMAW d. SAW

5. What is the P number and the tensile strength of SA-106-C?

a. P No. 1 and 70 ksi b. P No. 1 and 60 ksi c. P No. 3 and 70 ksi d. P No. 3 and 60 ksi

6. In accordance with the PQR, the WPS is qualified for what

welding positions?

a. Flat and horizontal b. Flat, vertical, overhead and horizontal c. Vertical and overhead d. All positions

7. What is the F No. of an E 6010 electrode?

a. F no. 4 b. F No. 3 c. F No. 2 d. F No. 1

8. The welder who welded the test plate for PQR 101 is qualified to

weld in what position?

b. Flat c. Flat and horizontal d. Flat and vertical e. Flat, vertical and horizontal

9. The bend test specimen used are side bend. They are:

a. Not accepted since 2 face bend and 2 root bend must be used

b. Accepted since as alternative to (a) 4 side bend may be used

c. Accepted since only 2 bend tests are required where as 4 bend tests are performed

d. Not accepted since all 3 types of bend tests (face, root, side) are required.

10. As far as thickness ranges for Base Metal (B.M.) and weld metal

(W.M.) as shown on WPS are concerned, your decision about the qualified range is:

a. B.M. is okay and W.M. is not okay. b. Both B.M. and W.M. are okay. c. Both B.M. and W.M. are not okay. d. W.M. is okay and B.M. is not okay.

11. PWHT of PQR test coupon shows “No PWHT”. It means that the

PWHT for ____________:

a. WPS may be with PWHT b. WPS must be without PWHT c. WPS must be without PWHT d. WPS may be with or without PWHT as PWHT is non-

essential variable

12. In production welds, if groove design is changed to double V groove for the qualified base metal thickness, as per ASME Sec. IX will you:

a. Accept the change — since it is non-essential variable b. Will not accept — since it is essential variable c. Accept only if okay by radiography d. Accept only if okay by both radiography and UT

13. Based on the specimen areas provided in PQR, are the ultimate

stress calculations correct (as rounded up to psi) for specimen T1 and T2:

a. Calculation is okay for T1 alone. b. Calculation is okay for T2 alone. c. Calculations for both are okay. d. Calculations for both are not okay.

14. Which condition below best describes the result of tensile tests

reported on the PQR?

a. Test T1 & T2 are acceptable b. Test T1 & T2 are unacceptable c. Test T1 is acceptable & T2 is unacceptable d. Test T1 is unacceptable & T2 is acceptable

15. If electrode E7010 shown on WPS is changed to E7018, what is your decision?

a. Revise WPS to show the change and re-submit as new revision

b. No revision of WPS is necessary as both belong to same F number.

c. A new PQR will be required to support the change. d. No revision of WPS required but show the change in

same PQR and submit it as new revision

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY WPS / PQR –Open Book

Answer Key

Q. No. Answer Reference 1 D Table QW – 253. Options a, b are non-essential variables.

Option C is not EV or SEV or even NEV 2 B QW - 163 3 B Table QW – 253. Item QW 406.1 4 B See PQR format 4th line from top 5 A Table QW - 422 6 D QW - 203 7 B Table QW - 432 8 A Table QW – 461.9 9 B Table QW - 451.1 and Note 3 10 D Table QW - 451.1 11 B Table QW - 253. Item QW 409.1 12 A Table QW - 253. QW 402.1 13 C General knowledge. Stress = Load / Area 14 C QW – 153 (a) and (d) 15 C Table QW - 432 16 -------- 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 9 (Closed Book)

1. Cracks are likely to occur in or adjacent to welded seams in

which of the following vessels?

a. Vessels constructed of high strength steels (above 70,000 psi)

b. Vessels made from coarse grain steels c. Vessels made of low chrome materials and operating at

high temperature d. All of the above

2. High pressure may develop in a vessel as a result of:

a. Rapid venting of a vessel’s pressure source b. Excessive heat input above normal operating conditions c. Thermal Expansion of trapped fluids d. B & C

3. The rules for impact testing of carbon steel in Section VIII vessel

materials require what kind(s) of impact test?

a. Brinell & Rockwell b. Izod & Charpy V-notch c. Charpy V-notch only is acceptable. d. Brinell only is acceptable.

4. The API authorized pressure vessel inspector may give prior

authorization for repairs that do not involve:

a. Pressure tests b. Radiography c. Pneumatic testing d. Final visual inspections

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5. Prior to witnessing a pneumatic test of a pressure vessel, the inspector should:

a. Ensure that welds around nozzles were inspected by PT or

MT prior to commencement of test. b. Ensure that test pressure is maintained throughout the

leak testing inspection. c. Ensure that all butt welds were UT checked prior to

commencement of test. d. A & B

6. Widely scattered pits may be ignored as long as the following are

true:

i. No pit depth is greater than one half the vessel’s wall thickness exclusive of the corrosion allowance.

ii. The total area of the pits does not exceed 7 square inches (45 square centimeters) within any 8-inch (20-centimeter) diameter circle.

iii. The sum of their dimensions along any straight line within the circle does not exceed 2 inches (5 centimeters).

iv. ?

What is the missing item in “iv” above?

a. The pit depths must be measured from the side the pit is located on.

b. The 8 inch diameter is to be measured from the center of the deepest pit.

c. There are no missing items; there are only 3 items listed for this rule.

d. The total area of the pits cannot exceed 3.5 square inches in a 4-inch diameter circle.

7. Before any repair to a pressure vessel in accordance with its

code of construction, what if any additional requirements for inspection may need to be considered?

a. Jurisdictional requirements that might override the API 510

Code. b. Who is doing the repair? c. The quality of the repair materials. d. The need for qualified welding procedures.

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8. Hydrogen chloride becomes a problem when:

a. Exposed to air, it will thermally react and result in a fire. b. Exposed to water, it forms hydrochloric acid. c. Exposed to water, it becomes unstable and can form an

explosive compound. d. Exposed to water and air it produces formic acid.

9. A new vessel has been installed, what must be done in order to

accept the vessel for operation?

a. A first internal inspection b. A first internal inspection, however if a manufacturer’s

data report (U1) assuring that the vessel is satisfactory for its intended service is available the first internal inspection may be waived.

c. Base line thickness readings must be taken per OSHA 1920 (j).

d. Base line thickness reading must be taken per OSHA 1910 (j).

10. Ordinarily non-metallic coatings and linings can be most

effectively inspected by what technique?

a. Low voltage holiday tester b. Radiography c. Hammer testing d. Using a high voltage low current brush type electrode

device. (Spark Tester) 11. Titanium alloys are subject to loss of ductility in certain

environments, what is this condition called?

a. High temperature embrittlement b. Low temperature embrittlement c. Hi-alloy effect d. Hydriding

12. Which of the following describes a crack in metal?

a. Cracks run parallel to the surface. b. Cracks run at right angles to the surface.

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c. Cracks are usually wide at one end and narrow at the other.

d. Cracks always run slant to the surface. 13. Temper embrittlement is best described as:

a. Cracking due to operating at high temperatures above 700°F

b. Loss of ductility and notch toughness due to exposure above 700°F

c. Flaking of the metal surfaces, causing dip pits d. Cracking due to low temperature service

14. Carbon dioxide considered corrosive when?

a. When combined with glycol b. When combined with water c. When combined with ethylene d. When combined with water and high temperatures

15. Most active of sulfur compounds found in refinery service is:

a. Mercaptans b. Organic sulfur compounds c. Hydrogen sulfides d. Polymorphic sulfides when combined with polymer

products 16. Which of the following is a major concern when operating vessels

that utilize the slurries with solid suspensions?

a. Overheating b. Erosion c. Corrosion d. Cracks

17. The inspection of a vessel to determine if a hydrogen blister is

present is often best performed by:

a. Researching the inspection records b. Determine the vessels material to see if hydrogen attack is

likely

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c. Swaying a flash light parallel to the vessel’s surface d. Recommending metallurgical tests for blisters in a

laboratory 18. When preparing to inspect a vessel which has had previous

inspections what is the initial step in preparation for the inspection?

a. Assemble all the required tools to perform the inspection. b. Review previous inspection records. c. Advice maintenance of any anticipated repairs. d. Insure that all non-destructive examinations required have

been scheduled. 19. Which of the following best describes a “Corrosion Button” as

might be found in a pressure vessel?

a. Buttons made of highly corrosion resistant material from which corrosion loss can be measured.

b. Buttons which corrode at about the same rate as the vessel’s material and are used to estimate the vessel’s corrosion losses.

c. No such thing exists; there is however a corrosion tab used in vessels.

d. A form of corrosive product produced by certain chemicals in a vessel when is constructed of high chrome alloy material.

20. In a PRV in which the major relieving device or main valve is

combined with and controlled by a self activated auxiliary pressure relief valve is:

a. Pilot operated valve b. Bellow type balancing valve c. Relief valve d. Safety valve

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API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 9 — Closed Book

ANSWER KEY 1. A API 572, 10.4.4

2. D CHAPTER II, 206.021 - .023

3. C VIII, UG-84

4. A API 510, 7.1.1

5. A VIII UG-100

6. C API 510, 5.7(e)

7. A API 510, 1.1

8. B CHAPTER II, 202.022

9. B API 510, 6.1

10. D API 572, 10.4.6

11. D API 572, 8.3.7

12. B API 572, 10.4.4

13. B API 510, 5.2

14. B CHAPTER II, 202.024

15. C CHAPTER II, 202.23

16. B CHAPTER II, 202.32

17. C API 572, 10.3.13

18 B API 572, 10.4 .3

19. A API 572, 10.5

20. A API 576, 2.2.1.5

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4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY Final Exam (Closed Book)

Note: Choose only one answer which you think is most appropriate. Write your

answers in a separate answer sheet. 1. Post weld heat treatment of vessel welds generally results in:

a. Improvement in ductility b. Increase of tensile strength c. Increase of strength and ductility d. None of the above

2. The __________ shall be responsible to the owner-user for

determining that the requirements of API 510 for inspection, and testing are met.

a. Vessel engineer b. Authorised inspector c. Repair organisation d. Operating personnel

3. Vessels that are known to have a remaining life of over

__________ years or that are protected against external corrosion need not have insulation removed for the periodic external inspection.

a. 10 b. 15 c. 5 d. 20

4. After an inspection interval is completed and if calculations indicate that an inaccurate rate of corrosion has been assumed initially, how do you determine the corrosion rate for the next inspection period?

a. Check the original calculations to find out what the error is in the original assumption.

b. Unless the corrosion rate is changed by Jurisdiction, the initial rates shall be used.

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c. The corrosion rate shall be adjusted to agree with the actual rate found.

d. Call in a corrosion specialist

5. If a vessel is made up of unknown materials and computations must be made to determine the MAWP what can the inspector or the vessel engineer do to establish the MAWP?

a. The lowest grade material and highest joint efficiency in the applicable code may be assumed for calculations.

b. Assume MOC as SA 283 Gr.C and joint efficiency = 0.7

c. The vessel made of the unknown material must be removed from service and vessel of known material must be installed.

d. The vessel of unknown material shall be subjected to hydrostatic tests while having strain gages on it to determine its yield strength and thus allowable stress.

6. An RBI assessment can be used to alter the inspection strategy provided:

a. The degradation methods are identified and evaluated b. The RBI is fully documented. c. A third party conducts the RBI d. Both A and B above

7. What climatic area may require a very active program for corrosion under insulation?

a. Cooler dry locations. b. Very cold locations with year round temperature less than

25°F c. Warmer, wet locations d. Warmer dry locations

8. Soil-to-air (S/A) interfaces for partially buried vessels are a location where localized corrosion may take place. If the buried part is excavated for inspection, how deep should the excavation be to determine if there is hidden damage?

a. 12 to 18 inches b. 6 to 12 inches c. 12 to 24 inches d. 6 to 18 inches

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9. Environmental cracking of austenite stainless steels is caused many times by:

a. Exposing areas to high-velocity and high-turbulence

streams b. Excessive cyclic stresses that are often very low c. Exposure to chlorides from salt water d. Creep of the material by long time exposure to high

temperature and stress 10. Where can fatigue cracking typically be first detected?

a. At points of low-stress intensification such as reinforced nozzles

b. At points of high-stress intensification such as branch connections

c. At points where cyclic stresses are very low d. At points where there are only the primary stresses

11. The term “away from weld” for recalculating the required

thickness (Vessels with E<1), means area lying away from weld __________ on either side of the weld or __________ times the minimum measured thickness on either side of the weld, whichever is greater.

a. 1”, 4 b. 1", 2 c. 2", 2 d. 2”, 4

12. Minimum Design thickness for a vessel shell is 10 mm. Following four plates were received with actual thickness equal to: 10.2 mm, 9.7mm, 10.3mm, and 9.6 mm. As per ASME Sec. VIII Div.1, how many plates will you release for vessel fabrication?

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. All 4

13. What type of repairs and procedures may the inspector give

prior general authorisation to continue (provided the inspector is satisfied with the competency of the repair organization)?

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a. Major repairs and minor procedures b. Limited or routine repairs c. Major alterations and re-ratings d. Minor re-ratings and alterations

14. Temper embrittlement is:

a. Brittleness due to low temperature operation b. Brittleness due to Hydrogen Sulphide attack at high

temperatures (exceeding 700°F) c. Loss of ductility in Cr–steels due to incorrect PWHT

and High temperature service d. None of above

15. Sour crude is more corrosive than sweet crude because:

a. Sour crude is heavier than is sweet crude b. Sweet crude has more waxing tendency (compared to sour

crude) which forms protective layer on metallic surfaces hence sweet crudes are less corrosive.

c. Sour crude contains high content H2S and sulpher compared to sweet crude which lead to several types of corrosion

d. None of the above 16. HCl is more corrosive in refining sour crudes because:

a. In presence of H2S, corrosion of iron by HCl becomes cyclic reaction regenerating HCl.

b. HCl liberates chlorine in presence of sulpher which causes stress corrosion cracking

c. HCl liberates Hydrogen in presence of sulpher causing Hydrogen embrittlement.

d. None of the above 17. In planning for an internal inspection of a vertical vessel that has

acidic corrodents, what type of corrosion would you expect to find on the vessel shell from inside?

a. Hydrogen blistering near liquid level b. Hydrogen blistering on top dished head c. Hydrogen blistering near the bottom of vessel d. None of above

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18. H2S is in sour crude is more harmful in presence of:

a. Oxygen b. Water (i.e., Wet H2S) c. Sulphur d. a and c above

19. The leak tightness of the relief valves is tested on the test block

at a pressure equal to: a. Same as set pressure b. 90% of the set pressure c. Same as reseat pressure d. None of the above

20. The principal reason for inspecting a pressure relief device is to determine:

a. Condition of pressure relief device and if it is

functioning properly b. The remaining life of pressure relief device. c. The spring coil diameter. d. The body thickness.

21. Which of the following tests must be conducted on a valve as soon as it has been received in the shop for inspection?

a. Visual inspection b. Hydrotesting of valve body c. Radiographic testing d. Check set-pressure

22. API 576 does not address:

a. Valve testing on test benches in shop b. Application of rupture discs c. Training requirements for mechanics involved in

inspection and repair of pressure relieving devices d. All of the above

23. For vessels which are supported on concrete saddles and

working in an area where the humidity is high which areas on them are typically susceptible to external corrosion?

5

a. At the anchor bolts in the foundation b. At the Points of contact of the metal surface with the

concrete c. All of the above d. None of the above

24. Inspection records contain the following information for a

particular thickness measurement location (TML) on a dished head. (Thk. in inches)

On the basis of this information, the long-term corrosion rate for the location is:

Thickness Year

0.500 0

0.425 5

0.400 10

a. 1 ½ mils per year. b. 5 mils per year. c. 10 mils per year. d. 100 mils per year.

25. A certain C.S. vessel which required impact testing was required

to have PWHT initially according to code requirement. After 10 years when repaired by welding PWHT is to be carried out. Performing PWHT is found to be impracticable. Which of the following is relevant (as per API-510)?

a. PWHT may be exempted, if proper NDE is carried out. b. Carry out temper-bead welding as alternative to PWHT. c. Carry out both hydro-testing and pneumatic testing in lieu

of the PWHT. d. Carry out preheating to minimum 200°F

26. A cylindrical shell with thickness = 4.0”, ID=96”, S=17100 and

E=0.85 and C.A. = 1/8” showed metal loss of 1/4” in areas 8” on either side of the longitudinal welds. You analysis of situation is:

a. Recalculate shell thickness ‘t’minimum considering E=1.0

6

b. The thinned area is on or within weld area hence (a) above can not be adopted

c. Prepare repair procedure and restore the metal loss as per API -510

d. b and c above 27. Materials used for making repair by welding in carbon steel

vessels shall have the following limitations?

a. They shall meet the requirements stipulated in NACE Standard.

b. The carbon content shall not be over 0.35% c. Welding repair shall be done by using only the GTAW

process d. All of the above

28. For non-continuous corrosive service with remaining life 25

years, external inspection shall be performed not later than:

a. 10 years b. 12.5 years c. 5 years d. None of above

29. An ellipsoidal head has an internal diameter of 76 inches and

depth of 21 inches (including a straight face dimension of 2 inches). What should its spherical (crown) radius be?

a. 76.9 inches b. 15.6 inches c. 68.4 inches d. All of the above

30. For carrying out temper – bead welding technique in lieu of PWHT, apart from other requirements, which of the following is acceptable?

a. The root and final pass of weld shall be radiographed. b. Weld metal shall be deposited for second pass while the

first pass below the second pass is still not cooled down and its cooling rate is retarded due to the heat of second pass

7

c. After depositing each layers of the weld, the weld shall be DP checked.

d. Both b and c

31. Calculate the remaining life and external insp. interval of a vessel given the following data: Actual thickness = 0.955 inch Minimum thickness required = 0.755 inch Thickness at previous inspection 5 years prior to present inspection = 1.025 inch a. 20 years, 10 years b. 14 years, 5years c. 28 years, 10 years d. None of the above

32. Vessel containing lethal substance with shell thickness of 20mm

requires:

a. Spot radiography (RT-3) b. Full length radiography (RT-1) c. No radiography (RT-4) d. Penetrant is sufficient if radiography testing is not

available 33. A vessel which was inspected six years ago and had shell

thickness = 0.870”. As on today the thickness as reported by filed inspection is 0.786. What was the corrosion rate over last six years?

a. 10 mpy b. 12 mpy c. 14 mpy d. none of above

34. If the vessel in above question has minimum permissible

thickness = 0.618” for the present design conditions. What will be estimated remaining life of the vessel if corrosion rate remains same?

a. 10 years b. 12 years

8

c. 14 years d. None of above

35. For a vessel, remaining life is estimated as 22 years from now,

next planned internal and external inspection shall not be later than:

a. 11 Years, 5 Years b. 10 Years, 5 Years c. 5 Years, 5 Years d. None of the above

36. What is the maximum defect permitted on the convex surface of

a welder qualification bend test after bending?

a. ¼ inch b. 1/8 inch c. 1/16 inch d. 3/16 inch

37. Certification of contaminants shall be obtained for all PT

materials used on:

a. Carbon steels b. Ferritic stainless steels c. Austenitic stainless steels d. None of the above

38. The scope of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel, Code, Section

V includes:

a. NDE acceptance criteria b. How to perform NDE to achieve a desired result c. Where to do NDE (i.e. what welds to examine) d. All of above.

39. For Ammeter calibration for magnetizing equipment, the

allowable tolerance is:

a. +5% b. +10% c. +15% d. +20%

9

40. Which of the following are commonly preferred to know the process side degradation of pressure vessels? a. On –stream inspection. b. Internal inspection b. External inspection as alternative to internal inspection c. Any of above is OK

41. For MT examination by Prod technique the magnetizing current

required depends on:

a. Prod Spacing b. Thickness of item under Inspection c. a & b above d. None of above

42. While deciding the governing thickness for crown portion for

corroded 2:1 ellipsoidal head, API 510 stipulates that & crown thickness shall be calculated:

a. According to relevant ellipsoidal dished head formula b. According to code formula for spherical heads with head

radius equal to 0.9 D, where D is shell dia meter. c. Thickness of crown shall be same as knuckle thickness. d. None of the above.

43. For a vertical column, Int. dia. = 48'' and height (T-T) = 80ft,

The vessel MAWP is 60 psi. The vessel part MAWP for bottom dished head (2:1 Ellip type) will be:

a. 94.6 psi b. 82.8 psi c. 95.5 psi d. None of above

44. How is hammer testing utilized?

a. As a preliminary survey for thinned areas. b. As a independent test method for which ASNT Certification

in NDT is available c. As a important tool in the hands of the Authorized

inspection only d. To carry out Carpy impact test

10

45. Which of the following represent grouping of weld-metals in

ASME IX?

a. P – Nos. b. F – Nos. c. S – Nos. d. A – Nos.

46. Which is/are advantage of magnetic particle testing over

penetrant testing?

a. It can detect surface discontinuities with foreign material imbedded in them.

b. It is faster on individual parts. c. It can detect near-surface discontinuities. d. All of the above.

47. Double wall Double image technique is used for the radiography

of:

a. Plate welds b. Tubular products with outer diameter less than 3.5 inch c. Large pipes with outer diameter 200 mm and above d. Heavy castings

48. As per ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1, if permanent deformation is

observed due to over pressure during hydrotesting:

a. The inspector should ask for re-test using proper test pressure and new pressure gauges.

b. Follow-up the hydro-testing by a pneumatic test at proper pressure, taking suitable precautions as given in code

c. The inspector may ask for providing additional stiffening rings around vessel and carry out re-hydro test at proper test pressure.

d. The inspector may reject the vessel. 49. The size of a properly deposited equal fillet weld is shown as 10

mm. The throat dimension for this weld will be approximately:

a. 10 mm b. 8 mm

11

c. 7 mm d. 9 mm

50. If any setting is noticed on a vessel, which of the following

should be done:

a. Conduct RT after 48 hours of observing the defective condition

b. Nozzles and adjacent shell areas should be inspected for distortion and cracking

c. Use acoustic emission monitoring d. All of the above

51. The rate of erosion varies as:

a. Square of fluid velocity b. Linearly with velocity c. Varies as cube of velocity d. Varies as square root of velocity

52. Cracks and laminations look similar from surface however, generally:

a. Cracks run normal to vessels surfaces b. Lamination runs slant or parallel to surface c. a and b above d. None of above

53. The pH of an acidic solution is:

a. Less than 7 b. Greater than 7 c. It is 7 d. Greater than 10

54. The nonmetallic coating disbonding in a vessel can be better

detected by:

a. Eddy current testing b. Holiday detection c. Ultrasonic testing d. Acoustic emission testing

12

55. External inspection of a pressure vessel starts with:

a. Ladder, stairs, walkway and platforms of the vessel b. Insulation, skirt and foundation c. The external surfaces, of vessel d. Dimensional check of the vessel

56. Before carrying out an inter service inspection on a vessel put

in-service for quite some time what the inspector should do first

a. Check the material in which it is constructed. b. Check the permanent file of the vessel. c. Check the progressive history file of the vessel. d. Check the original thickness report.

13

4 -15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY

Final Exam – Closed Book Answer Key

Q. ANS. REFERENCE Q. ANS. REFERENCE 1 A General Knowledge 29 C API 510, 5.7 (e) 2 B API 510, 4.4 30 B API 510, 3.19 3 A API 510, 6.3 31 B API 510, 6.3, 6.4 4 C API 510, 6.4 32 B ASME VIII, UG – 11 (a) 5 B API 510, 6.7 33 C API 510, 6.4 6 D API 510, 6.2 34 B API 510, 6.4 7 C API 572, 8.2.1 35 C API 510, 6.3, 6.4 8 D API 572, 8.2.9 36 B ASME IX, QW - 163 9 C IRE II, 202.064 37 C ASME V, Art. 6, App. II 10 B API 510, 5.2 38 B ASME V, Art. 1, Scope 11 B API 510, 5.7 (d) 39 B ASME V, Art. 7, T-761 12 C ASME VIII, UG – 16 (c) 40 B API 510, 6.1 13 B API 510, 7.11 41 B ASME V, Art. 7, T-752.2 14 C API 510, 5.2 42 B API 510, 5.7 (e) 15 C IRE, Ch. II, 202.023 43 C BOK, 80 + 82 x 0.433 16 A IRE, Ch. II, Page 12 44 A API 572, 10.8.1 17 A API 572, Page 29 45 D ASME IX, Table QW - 442

18 B API 572, Page 28 46 D ASME V, Art. 7, Scope & Gen. Knowledge

19 B API 576, 6.2.15 47 B ASME V, Art. 2, T-271 (b) 20 A API 576, 6.1 48 D ASME VIII, UG - 99 21 D API 576, 6.28 49 C BOK, 10 x 0.7 = 7 mm 22 C API 576, Scope 50 B API 572, 10.38 23 B API 572, 10.3.5 51 C IRE II, 203.02 24 C API 510, 6.4 52 C API 572, Page 31 25 B API 510, 7.2.3.2 53 A IRE II, Page 10 26 D API 570, 5.7 (d) 54 B API 572, 10.4.6 27 B API 510, 7.2.8 55 A API 572, 10.3.2 28 C API 510, 6.3 56 C API 572, 10.4.3

14

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 1 (Closed Book)

1. In a 30 mm thick cylindrical shell, the longitudinal as well as

circumferential joints are double welded butt welds with full penetration. Which of the following is true as regards the longitudinal and circumferential joints?

a. They are of same category but different types. b. They are of same type but different categories. c. Both the category as well as type are same. d. Both the category as well as type are different.

2. Vessel MAWP of existing vertical vessel will be affected for which of the

following?

a. If Vessel Part MAWP changes for any vessel part. b. If design pressure is reduced (other factors remaining same) c. Vessel height is changed by adding/deleting a shell course d. A and C

3. A Shell with Inside dia = 2200 mm, and Corr. allow.= 5 mm is to be

designed as per ASME Sec. VIII , Div.1. What will the value of “R” in design formula for shell thickness?

a. 1100 mm b. 1105 mm c. 1095 mm d. 1110 mm

4. In thickness formula for internal pressure for shell, term ‘E’ refers to:

a. Modules of Elasticity of material b. Thermal Expansion c. Joint efficiency of the weld d. None of above

5. The hydrostatic pressure caused by 10 ft. of liquid column (sp. gr. =

1) will be:

a. 10 psi b. 43.3 psi c. 4.33 psi d. None of the above

1

6. A new pressure vessel should be inspected to which of the following codes?

a. API 510 , b. ASME Sec. 1, c. ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1, d. None of these

777... Code rules for testing vessels in service are detailed in:

a. API 510 b. API 570 c. ASME Section VIII Div.1 d. None of above

8. Identify category A joints from following:

a. Longitudinal joints b. Circumferential joints, shell to shell c. Shell to hemispherical head joint d. a and c above

9. If all other conditions are remains same the design thickness of which

dished end (Torispherical, Hemispherical, Ellipsoidal) will be maximum? a. Torispherical b. Hemispherical c. Ellipsoidal d. All will be same

10. Any thickness-offset within the allowable tolerance shell be provided a

minimum taper transition of:

a. 3 to 1 min b. 4 to 1 min c. 3 to 2 min d. 1 to 2 min

11. ASME Sec VIII Div. 1 specifies different acceptance level for weld

reinforcement, which of the following statements are true in your opinion?

a. Permitted reinforcement for long. seems is higher than

circ. seems b. Permitted reinforcement for long. seems is lower than

circ. seems

2

c. Permitted reinforcement for long. seems is same as circ. seems

d. Permitted reinforcement does not depend on location of seems.

12. Vessel MAWP for vertical vessel is measured at:

a. Top most point of vessel b. Bottom most point of vessel c. At the mid point between top & bottom d. None of above

13. Which of the following statements is true?

a. All defects are not discontinuities. b. All discontinuities are defects. c. Discontinuities are rejectable defects. d. Defects are rejectable discontinuities.

14. A Pressure Vessel is designed for 0.85 joint efficiency with full

penetration welds. RT requirement will be:

a. Nil b. Spot c. 100 % d. T-joints radiography

15. A vessel with 50 inches OD and 1¼ in. thickness is to be provided Std.

torisph. heads. The heads shall be formed with crown radius and min. knuckle radius as follows:

a. 25 inch, 4 inch b. 50 inch, 3 inch c. 40 inch, 3¾ inch d. 25 inch, 2 inch

16. If there is a conflict between ASME VIII & API 510 Code, for vessels in-service:

a. ASME will precedent b. API will precedent c. ASNT will precedent d. Owner user will decide

17. Two head to shell joints, one joining a seamless Hemisph, head to shell was radiographed for full length and the other joint joining

3

seamless std. torisph. head to shell was spot radiographed, The weld joint efficiency for each of these heads respectively will be:

a. 1, 0.85 b. 1, 1 c. 0.85, 1 d. 0.85, 0.85

18. ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1 recommends use of U.T. in place of R.T. (for a fully radiographed vessel) for:

a. All butt welds in vessel b. All butt and fillet welds in vessel c. For closing seams only d. The code does not permit use of U.T. at all

19. Vessel MAWP for tall vertical vessel will normally be:

a. Greater than vessel part MAWPs b. Lower than Vessel part MAWPs c. May be (a) or (b) depending on Vessel height d. Is always same as vessel design pressure

20. For a vessel constructed with Type 1 welds:

a. RT3 means E = 1 b. RT2 means E = 0.85 c. RT1 and RT2 may mean E = 1 d. RT4 means spot radiography

4

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 1 - Closed Book

ANSWER KEY

Q. NO. ANSWER REFERENCE

1 B ASME VIII, UW – 3 (a) 2 D ASME VIII, UG – 98 (a) 3 B ASME VIII, UG – 27 (a), UG -16 (e) 4 C ASME VIII, UG – 27 (a) 5 C Body of Knowledge, 3 (a), Page 2 6 C API 510, 3.2 7 A API 510, 1.1 8 D ASME VIII, UW – 3 (a) (1) 9 A ASME VIII, UG – 32, d, e, f 10 A ASME VIII, Fig. UW - 9 11 B ASME VIII, UW - 35 12 A ASME VIII, UG – 98 (a) 13 D General Knowledge 14 B ASME VIII, Table UW - 12 15 C ASME VIII, UW – 32 (j) 16 B API 510, 3.2 17 B ASME VIII, UW – 12 (d) 18 C ASME VIII, UW – 11 (a) - 7 19 B ASME VIII, 98 (a) 20 C ASME VIII, UG – 116 (e) 21 ----------------- 22 23 24 25 26

5

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 3 (Closed Book)

1. Choose correct Pneumatic test pressure for a vessel with the

following data: Design Pressure = 160 psi Design temp. = 675ºF Allow stress (Ambient) = 20000 psi Allow stress (675ºF) = 19200 psi a. 176.0 psig b. 215.6 psig c. 183.3 psig d. None of above

2. Part MAWP for lower dished head in vertical vessel will generally be:

a. Lower than top head b. Lower than shell c. Higher than both shell and top head d. Same as both top head and shell

3. Choose correct statement. Allowable external pressure for a

vessel:

a. Will depend on weld joint efficiency (E) and Extent of radiography

b. Depends on vessel temperature c. Is affected by internal corrosion allowance d. Both b and c

4. The rules for impact testing of carbon steel in Section VIII vessel materials require what kind(s) of impact test.

a. Brinell & Rockwell b. Izod & Charpy V-notch c. Charpy V-notch only is acceptable d. Brinell only is acceptable

1

5. Prior to witnessing a pneumatic test of a pressure vessel, the

inspector should:

a. Ensure that welds around nozzles were inspected by PT or MT prior to commencement of test

b. Ensure that test pressure is maintained throughout the leak testing inspection

c. Ensure that all butt welds were UT checked prior to commencement of test

d. A & B 6. Vessel MAWP is 200 psi. What will be the total pressure at a

point 20 feet from top, if vessel is completely filled with liquid (specific gravity = 1).

a. 220.00 psi b. 208.66 psi c. 204.33 psi d. 191.34 psi

7. Hydrostatic pressure test of vessels may be replaced by

pneumatic test:

a. At the option of vessel manufacturer b. At the option of vessel inspector c. Permitted only if water is not available in the region and

client approves d. Permitted only if design or operating conditions do not

permit use of water as test medium. 8. What will be the minimum inspection pressure if pneumatic

testing was carried out at 220 psig, as per code:

a. 220 psi b. 250 psi c. 200 psi d. 260 psi

9. For external pressure calculations, the value of “E” is worked out on the basis of:

a. E = 1 for full radiography

2

b. E = 0.85 for spot radiography c. E = 0.7 for no radiography d. E is modulus of elasticity and does not depend on

radiography 10. In external pressure calculations for cylindrical shell, the Factor –

A, depends on:

a. O.D. and thickness of shell b. Design temperature c. Safe stress value ‘S’ of material d. All of the above

11. The size of a properly deposited equal fillet weld is shown as 10

mm. The throat dimension for this weld will be approximately:

a. 10 mm b. 8 mm c. 7 mm d. 9 mm

12. ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1 permits which of the following nozzle

constructions?

a. “Set-in” type b. “Set-on” type c. Both (a) and (b) d. None of (a) or (b)

13. Ovality tolerance of a vessel shell with internal pressure is:

a. 1% for shell I.D. b. 1% for shell O.D. c. 1% of Inside radius of shell d. 1% of Outside radius of shell

14. The notch test is better described as:

a. Plastic formation and fracture b. Brittle failure c. Energy observed at the notch d. toughness

3

15. Reinforcement area required for an opening of diameter of 8”

inside diameter and minimum required shell wall thickness 1.0” will be:

a. 9.0 sq. inches b. 8.0 sq. inches c. 1 inch thickness d. 10 sq. inches

16. The material not requiring PWHT by code requirement has been

heat-treated. The PWHT carried out on this material is most likely due to:

a. Due to process requirement b. Because of the material c. As per authorized inspector requirement d. Because of welding process.

17. A vessel is constructed by using SA516 Gr.70 normalised plates

of thickness 1.125”. Minimum MDMT without any impact testing for this vessel will be:

a. -26°F b. -30°F c. -22°F d. -16°F

18. Non-ferrous material has iron content:

a. Less than 20% b. Less than 10% c. Less than 100% d. Less than 50%

19. The radiographs and radiography reports of a vessel shall be

maintained till:

a. 5 years b. Till the MDR is signed c. 3 years d. 10 years

4

20. Pneumatic test should be carried out on a vessel at 300 psig.

The design temperature and the test temperature are same. What is the test pressure and in how many steps the pressure should be applied.

a. 350 psig, 6 steps b. 330 psig, 6 steps c. 350 psig, 2 steps d. 330 psig, 2 steps

5

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 3 – Closed Book

ANSWER KEY

Q. NO. ANSWER REFERENCE

1 C ASME VIII, UG – 100 (b) 2 C Body of Knowledge, 3 (d), page 2 3 D ASME VIII, UW – II (c) 4 C ASME VIII, UG - 84 5 A ASME VIII, UG - 100 6 B Body of Knowledge, 3 (d), page 2 7 D ASME VIII, UG – 100 (a) 8 A ASME VIII, UG – 100 (d) 9 D ASME VIII, UG – 28, Step 7 10 A ASME VIII, UG – 28, Steps 2 and 3 11 C Body of Knowledge 12 C ASME VIII, UW – 16, Fig. UW 16.1 13 A ASME VIII, UG – 80 (a) 14 D General Knowledge 15 B ASME VIII, UG - 37 16 A General Knowledge 17 A ASME VIII, Fig. UCS - 66 18 D General Knowledge 19 B ASME VIII, UW – 51 c (1) 20 B ASME VIII, UG – 100 (d)

6

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 4 (Open Book)

1. You are planning for the Hydro-test of a complete vessel with

Hydro test pressure 40Kg/cm2g. The calibrated test gauges available with you are 0-50 Kg/cm2g, 0-100 Kg/cm2g, 1-150 Kg/cm2g and 0-200 Kg/cm2g. Which two gauges are acceptable for this test?

a. 0-50 Kg/cm2g and 0-100 Kg/cm2g b. 0-100 Kg/cm2g and 0-200 Kg/cm2g c. 0-50 Kg/cm2g and 0-200 Kg/cm2g d. 0-100 Kg/cm2g and 0-150 Kg/cm2g

2. PWHT is required for vessels containing products, classified as P

No. 3, Group 3 for a thickness exceeding:

a. 1.0 inch b. 5/8 inch c. 0.0 inch d. 1.5 inch

3. Min. PWHT temperature and soaking period of weld with P4 and

P5A, materials both with thickness = 3.0”, would be as follows:

a. Temp= 1100°F, Time = 2hr., 15 min. b. Temp= 1100°F, Time = 3hr. c. Temp= 1250°F, Time = 3hr. d. Temp= 1250°F, Time = 2hr., 15 min.

4. For the given configuration, total reinforcement area to be

compensated will be: Data with usual notation: d = 100 mm t = 12 mm tn = 6 mm tr = 10.5 mm trn = 5 mm

1

a. 920 mm sq. b. 870 mm sq. c. 1020 mm sq. d. 1050 mm sq.

5. The length of a charpy specimen is:

a. 2.165” (55.0mm) b. 2.10” (54.0 mm) c. 2.15” (54.6 mm) d. 2.00” (50.8mm)

6. General mill under tolerance for the plate is:

a. 0.01” or 6% (whichever is greater) b. 0.1” or 6% (whichever is smaller) c. Under tolerance for the plates is always zero d. 0.01” or 6% (whichever is smaller)

7. Which of the following standard is applicable for selecting sulphide stress cracking resistant materials to be used in oilfield equipment?

a. ASTM A516 b. ASME Sec. II c. NACE MR 0175 d. ASME Sec. VIII

8. A pressure vessel is scheduled for pneumatic testing using the

methodology of ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1, with the maximum allowable working pressure = 635 psig at 375° F. The vessel is constructed of SA-516 Gr. 65 material and is neither enameled nor lined. The test metal temperature will be a minimum of 50° F, per the owner's specifications. How many pressurization steps are needed to achieve the minimum required test pressure, and at what minimum pressure will the visual examination be performed?

a. 6 steps; 635 psig b. 6 steps; 793.75 psig c. 9 steps; 635 psig d. 9 steps; 793.75 psig

2

9. For given configuration, correct minimum weld size (x)for the typical pad to shell fillet weld, (with pad thk. = 20 mm and shell thk. = 24 mm) shall be:

a. 18 mm b. 16 mm c. 14 mm (x) d. 12 mm

10. Which of the following are excluded from the scope of application of API 510?

a. Pressure vessels on movable structures covered by other

jurisdictional regulations b. All classes of containers listed for exemption from

construction in ASME Section VIII, Div. 1 c. Pressure vessels which do not exceed volume of the five

cubic feet and pressure of 250 psi d. All of the above

3

API 510 PREPARATORY

Exam 4 - Open Book ANSWER KEY

Q. No. Answer Reference 1 D ASME VIII, UG – 102 2 C ASME VIII, Table UCS – 56 for PNo. 3, Note 2. 3 C ASME VIII, UCS – 56 (c) 4 D ASME VIII, UG – 37, Fig. UG – 37.1, See A 5 A ASME VIII, Fig. UG - 84 6 D ASME VIII, UG – 16 (c) 7 C API 510, Section 2 8 A ASME VIII, UG - 100 9 C ASME VIII, UW – 16, typ pad to shell. (1/2 tmin) 10 D API 510, 1.2.2 (b)

4

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY

Mid-Session Exam (Closed Book) 1. A vessel made with full penetration double welds shows name plate

marking of ‘RT2’. The joint efficiency for this vessel will be:

a. 0.85 b. 1.0 c. 0.7 d. None of these

2. Which of the following are essential elements of a Quality control

system of a repair organization?

a. Statement of authority and responsibility b. Welding procedures used for repair/alterations c. The Control of procedures and Qualifications of NDE

personnel d. All of the above

3. Who is responsible for transferring the plate marking to the

balance plate for a vessel repair work?

a. Authorized inspector who is overseeing the repair activities b. Repair organization who does the repair work c. The plate marking and cutting persons involved in the

repair process d. The pressure vessel Engineer who approved the repair

work 4. A repair work on a pressure vessel is to be carried out. Who is

responsible to have WPS/PQR made for the repair work?

a. Owner user b. Repair organization c. Authorized inspector d. Third party who does the inspection work

5. Before entering into a vessel for inspection the vessel shall be

evaluated for safety in accordance to:

1

a. OSHA b. API c. ASME/API d. ANSI

6. A pressure vessel fabricated in 1960 was in service. It has been

decided to remove the top head and extend the height and replace the dish head with a new one. The proposal is:

a. The proposal can be accepted for review by authorised

inspector b. No modification is allowed on this vessel c. A pressure vessel engineer should be consulted for

approval d. None of the above

7. If vessel longitudinal and circumferential welds are type 1 and

spot radiographed only, then stamping on name plate will be:

a. RT1 b. RT2 c. RT3 d. RT4

8. In the above question, if welds were fully radiographed for their entire length, the purpose is to conform to ________ stamping to be put on name plate:

a. RT1 b. RT2 c. RT3 d. RT4

9. A pressure vessel of 60” has three pits within a circle of 7”

diameter. The nominal thickness of the shell is 0.75” and the CA is 0.125”. The details and dimensions of the pits are listed below. Your assessment is:

- 0.475” x 0.385” depth 0.21” - 1” diameter depth 0.35” - 0.375” x 0.385” depth 0.23”

2

a. The pit area is more than the acceptable b. The pit length is more than the acceptable c. The pit depth is more than the acceptable d. The pits are acceptable as they are meeting the

requirement 10. Insulation inspection on a insulated vessel with no history of

corrosion, may be done by:

a. Removing at least 10% of insulation to check the condition b. Removing insulation on all suspected areas c. Removing the entire insulation d. Carry out UT inspection from inside on suspect area.

11. Vessel MAWP of existing vessel will be affected:

a. If higher corrosion allowance is provided from existing vessel b. If design pressure is reduced (other factors remaining same) c. If design temperature is changed d. (a) and (c)

12. The Code formula for a torispherical head thickness as per ASME

Section VIII Div. 1 actually gives the thickness required:

a. At crown portion b. At knuckle portion c. Mean of (a) and (b) d. Lower of (a) and (b)

13. Original construction code of a pressure vessel is ASME Sec.

VIII, Div.1. The vessel has corrosion problems and is being evaluated according to ASME Sec. VIII Div. 2. Who should approve the evaluation based on Sec. VIII, Div. 2?

a. Pressure vessel engineer/organization who is experienced

in design b. An authorized inspector c. A pressure vessel engineer/organization who is

experienced in design and authorized pressure vessel inspector

d. Only the owner-user

3

14. The factors of LOF and COF are considered for which methodological evaluation?

a. FFS b. RBI c. API 510 d. ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1 and API 510

15. The minimum hydro test temperature for in-service vessel of 2”

thickness is:

a. MDMT+10°F b. MDMT+30°F c. MDMT+ 0°C d. MDMT+ 0°C

16. As per ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1, in pressure testing, if stress ratio

= 1, the test pressure as compared to design pressure shall be:

a. 1.5 times for hydrotest b. 1.3 times for pneumatic test c. Same for both hydro and pneumatic d. None of the above

17. As per ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1, if permanent deformation is

observed due to over pressure during hydrotesting:

a. The inspector should ask for re-test using proper test pressure.

b. Follow-up the hydro-testing by a pneumatic test at proper pressure, taking suitable precautions as given in code for pneumatic test.

c. The inspector may ask for providing additional stiffening rings around vessel and carry out re-hydro test at proper test pressure.

d. The inspector may reject the vessel. 18. For a new vessel the corrosion rate will be established based on:

a. Run the vessel for 6 weeks and establish the corrosion rate b. Run the vessel for 12 weeks and establish the corrosion rate c. Run the vessel for 18 weeks and establish the corrosion rate

4

d. A corrosion engineer should be consulted for establishing corrosion rate

19. A pressure vessel internal inspection frequency can be increased

more than 10 years provided RBI evaluation is carried out. It should be approved by?

a. Owner user/Jurisdiction b. Pressure vessel engineer c. Authorized inspector d. Pressure vessel engineer & authorized inspector

20. Identify incorrect statement.

a. ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1 may be adopted for unfired steam boilers

b. ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1 may be adopted for vessels containing lethal fluids

c. ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1 may be used for design of mobile vessel d. ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1 may be used for design of pump casings

21. Identify correct statements. The pressure vessel materials tend

to be less brittle:

a. As material thickness increases b. As service temperature increases above transition

temperature c. a and b d. None of above is a correct statement.

22. Typical mode of failure in ferrous metals at low temperatures is:

a. Ductile failure b. Creep failure c. Fatigue failure d. Brittle failure

23. Which of the following is typical phenomenon in low-alloy

chromium steels?

a. Creep failure b. Tamper embrittlement c. Caustic embrittlement

5

d. Stress corrosion cracking 24. Which of the following is typical phenomenon in Silicon steels at

elevated temperatures above 700°F?

a. Graphitization b. Stress corrosion cracking c. Carbide formation and carbide cracking d. Tamper embrittlement

25. If the part to be PWHT’ed is longer than the furnace, multiple

shot PWHT is proposed. What is the minimum over lap as per code to ensure proper PWHT?

a. 2 feet b. 5 feet c. 2 meter d. 5 meter

26. In PWHT of pressure vessels that are built in carbon and low-

alloy steels:

a. Minimum PWHT temperature increases with increase of vessel thickness.

b. PWHT Soaking period increases with increasing vessel thickness.

c. Thickness has to be accounted for working out heating and cooling rates.

d. Only (b) and (c) above 27. Scope of API 510 covers:

a. Nuclear vessels b. Vessels for human occupancy c. Power boilers d. None of these

28. If there is conflict between API 510 rules and prevailing

jurisdictional requirements:

a. API 510 shall prevail over jurisdiction requirements. b. Jurisdiction requirements will prevail over API 510

requirements.

6

c. Depends on authorised inspector, which one to adopt d. Depends on owner / user, which one to adopt

29. “On stream-inspection” means inspection carried out:

a. Only when a vessel is in operation b. Only when a vessel is not in operation c. From outside and vessel may or may not be in operation d. “On-stream inspection” is same as “external inspection”

30. As per API 510, all NDE results for in-service inspection shall be evaluated and accepted by:

a. NDE Level II or Level III person only, as he already

possesses requisite knowledge and skill to evaluate and accept NDE results

b. Authorized inspector only c. Since NDE is specialist job, authorised inspector need not

be involved d. (a) and (c)

31. As per API 510, responsibility to develop a Quality Assurance

Inspection Manual shall rest with:

a. Owner-user b. Authorised inspection agency c. Jurisdiction authority d. None of the above

32. For recertification of API 510 authorised inspector, he shall be

“Actively engaged” in inspection of pressure vessels during the most recent 3-year period. The term “actively engaged” means:

a. Minimum of 25% of time shall be spent on inspection

activities b. Minimum of 20% of time shall be spent on inspection

activities AND shall cover inspection on at least 75 pressure vessels

c. Minimum of 20% of time shall be spent on inspection activities OR performance of inspection on 75 pressure vessels

d. Performance of inspection on 100 pressure vessels as minimum

7

33. Prior to internal inspection, the vessel should be made ready as

follows:

a. Drained, purged, gas tested, isolated b. Isolated, gas tested, drained, purged c. Gas tested, isolated, drained, purged d. Isolated, drained, purged, gas tested

34. A vessel failure occurred due to repeated stress fluctuations. The

failure is called:

a. Brittle failure b. Creep failure c. Fatigue failure d. Stress corrosion cracking (SCC)

35. Fatigue failure of pressure vessels may be caused due to:

a. Temperature changes b. Pressure changes c. Any of (a) or (b) d. None of (a) or (b)

36. Likely areas where fatigue failure may be caused are:

a. Areas of high secondary stresses (stress concentration) b. Areas of uniform stress c. Areas exposed to stagnant flows d. Only (a) and (b)

37. Which of the following are characteristics of “creep” in carbon

steel:

a. Creep is aggravated at lower temperature b. Creep is aggravated at elevated temperatures c. Creep is aggravated at points of stress concentrations d. Only (b) an (c)

38) Choose the correct statement.

a. Higher the material ductility, higher is possibility of brittle failure.

8

b. Carbon and low alloy steels are susceptible to temper embrittlement if operated at sub-zero temperatures.

c. Locations where metals with different thermal coefficients are welded together are susceptible to thermal fatigue.

d. None of the above is correct statement. 39. For MAWP calculations as per API 510, the thickness as

determined by inspection shall be used in these calculations after:

a. Deducting corrosion loss up to next inspection b. Deducting twice the corrosion loss up to next inspection c. Use the thickness as it is. d. As regards thickness reduction due to corrosion, Code does

not give specific guidelines. 40. A vessel in service has different zones of corrosion. The next

inspection frequency will be decided by:

a. Zone with highest rate of corrosion b. Zone with lowest remaining life c. Average rate of corrosion shall be taken into consideration d. Average remaining life of the vessel shall be considered

41. Three corrosion patches were seen on the shell for a tall vertical vessel to decide their effect on vessel MAWP:

a. Work out part MAWP at thinnest patch and that will

represent vessel MAWP b. Vessel MAWP does not get affected by thinning of the

vessel c. Work out part MAWP for lowest head, and that will

represent vessel MAWP d. Lowest value, as worked out by the worst combination of

part MAWP and corresponding hydrostatic head at that location

42. When dial-type indicating and recording pressure gauges are

used to monitor leak testing, the maximum gauge range shall not exceed which multiple of the expected test pressure?

a. 1½ times b. 2½ times

9

c. 3 times d. 4 times

43. A vessel is to be pneumatically pressure tested to 250 psi. This

test pressure will be reached in how many stages of pressurization?

a. 5 stages b. 2 stages c. 6 stages d. 7 stages

44. In above question what will be the incremental values of

pressurization at first and second stage if pneumatic test pressure is 250 psi?

a. 125 psi, 25 psi b. 50 psi, 50 psi c. 100 psi, 50 psi d. None of above

45. For a vessel which was in service, top dished head (2:1 Ellip.) was corroded severely was replaced by a properly designed Hemisph. The head is designed as per the present design conditions of the vessel. This is:

a. A repair b. An alteration c. New vessel MAWP will have to be worked out. d. b and c above

46. Pneumatic test is proposed for a vessel instead of standard

hydro test. Most probable reason for this could be:

a. The vessel internal is lined with refractory b. No water is available c. The skirt of the vessel is too week to take care of

the static water head and pressure. d. Any one or both of a and c above

10

47. Crown portion for both Ellipsoidal and Torispherical heads may

be considered to be the ____________ located entirely within a circle whose center coincides with the center of the head and diameter equal to 80% of vessel diameter.

a. Spherical segment b. Conical segment c. Ellipsoidal segment d. Knuckle portion

48. In post weld heat treatment inspection what important things

you will verify:

a. Loading temperature and heating rate b. Holding temperature and holding time c. Cooling rate and un-loading (from furnace)

temperature d. All of the above are important things to be

verified

49. As per API 510, the organization who carry out PSV repair, testing has to be:

a. Needs to be a qualified and certified company to perform

all repair work in accordance to ASME and registered with repair organization

b. Have documented quality control procedure c. Needs to have qualified personnel to carry out the

job within scope of repair d. Only b and c above

50. API 510 can be applied to in-service pressure vessels built as

per:

a. ASME Section VIII b. Other international standard c. Non-standard vessel which may be in operation d. All of the above

11

4 – 15 September 2004

Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY

Mid-Session Exam – Closed Book ANSWER KEY

Q. ANS. REFERENCE Q. ANS. REFERENCE 1 B UG – 116 e-2 and Table UW - 12 26 C UCS – 56, d1, 5 2 D API 510, 4.3 27 D API 510, App. A 3 B UG – 77 and API 510, 4.5 28 B API 510, 1.1 last paragraph 4 B API 510, 4.5 29 C API 510, 3.11 5 A API 510, 5.1 30 B API 510, 4.4 6 C API 510, 7.1.1 31 A API 510, 4.3 7 C ASME VIII, UG – 116 32 C API 510, App. B 5.2 8 A ASME VIII, UG - 116 33 D API 510, 5.1 9 C API 510, 5.7, b1, 2, 3 34 C API 510, 5.2 10 D API 510, 5.5 & Practical Experience 35 C API 510, 5.2 11 D API 510, 5.4 36 A API 510, 5.2 12 B API 510, 5.7 e 37 D API 510, 5.2 13 C API 510, 5.7 c 38 C API 510, 5.2 14 B API 510, 6.2 39 B API 510, 5.4 15 A API 510, 6.5 40 B API 510, 6.4 16 D UG – 99 and UG - 100 41 D ASME VIII, UG – 98 (a) 17 D UG – 99 (d) 42 D ASME VIII, UG - 102 18 A API 510, 5.3 c 43 C ASME VIII, UG - 100 19 D API 510 44 A ASME VIII, UG – 100 20 D API 510, 6.2 last paragraph 45 D Application of API 3.1 21 A ASME VIII, Fig. UCS – 66 46 D Application of UG – 100 (a) 22 D API 510, 5.2 and UCS – 66 47 A API 510, 5.7 e 23 B API 510, 5.2 48 D UCS – 56, d1, 2, 5 24 A IRE Chapter II 49 D API 510, 6.6 25 B ASME VIII, UW – 40 a2 50 D API 510, 1.1

12

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY

Mid-Session Exam – Open Book

1. A vessel with 60 inches ID is to be provided Std. torispherical heads. The heads shall be formed with crown radius and min. knuckle radius as follows (head thickness = 1.2 inch):

a. 60 inch, 4 inch b. 60 inch, 3.6 inch c. 25 inch, 3 inch d. None of above

2. A pressure vessel with nominal diameter 1200 mm was

inspected for ovality of shell. A opening of 200 mm I.D. exists. The permissible ovality at the vessel cross section which is 150 mm from center of the opening is:

a. 12 mm b. 16 mm c. 14 mm d. 18 mm

3. A pressure vessel has design pressure = 300 psi. Its safe stress

values at ambient and designed temperatures are 19,800 psi and 18000 psi respectively. The minimum hydrostatic test pressure and inspection pressure respectively for above will be:

a. 450 psi, 390 psi b. 390 psi, 330 psi c. 429 psi,330 psi d. None of the above

4. A vessel is to be pneumatically pressure tested to a pressure of

250 psi. What are some of the essential requirements for this test?

a. While pressuring, increase the pressure stepwise. b. While pressuring, reach the test pressure without

stopping, so that pressure does not fall during pressurisation stage.

1

c. Ensure that test pressure is retained till completion of inspection of all welds using soap sud.

d. All of above.

5. For a Pressure vessel with MDMT = 2 deg. C, is to be hydrostatically tested. The test shall be conducted at a temperature:

a. 32°C to 48°C b. 32°C to 120°C c. 19°C max d. 19°C to 48°C

6. General “mill under tolerance” according to ASME Sec., VIII

Div. 1 for the plates is

a. 0.01” or 6% (whichever is smaller) b. 0.1” or 6% (whichever is smaller) c. 0.1mm or 6% (whichever is larger) d. None of the above is a correct statement

7. Following two combinations of nozzle pipe diameter and shell

thickness are to be checked for reinforcement requirements

Case 1: Vessel wall thk = 1/2 " and nozzle size 4” N.D. (4-1/2” OD) Case 2: Vessel wall thk = ¾" Nozzle size 2” N.D. (2-3/8” OD)

According to ASME Sec. VIII Div 1, separate reinforcement pad calculations must be performed:

a. For both cases b. For none

c. Calculations required for 1 but not for 2 d. Calculations required for 2 and not for 1

8. Check whether Impact testing is required or not for following two plates . Plates are to be used for Storage vessels which will be Hydrotested. Vessels do nor undergo temperature / pressure fluctuations or cyclic loading during service.

2

Plate-1: M.O.C. Sa 515 Gr.70, thk=0.5”, MDMT= +10°F Plate-2: M.O.C. Sa 516 Gr.70, thk=1.0” MDMT= - 5°F

a. Both require impact testing. b. Both do not require impact testing c. only Plate -1 requires impact testing d. Only Plate-2 requires impact testing

9. In establishing a “Mandatory Quality System” manual which of

the following need not be included as mandatory requirement.

a. Organisation and reporting Structure b. Control system to ensure that only Qualified procedures

and welders are employed in repair/ alterations. c. Control system to ensure that only the qualified NDE

personnel and procedures are employed during inspection, repair, alteration

d. Frequency (interval) for Internal and External in-service inspections.

10. For vessel 0.75 inch thick, MDMT specified was (-45ºF) and

material of construction used was SA 516 Gr 60.

a. Specify impact testing of material b. Impact testing of material need not be specified c. Specify impact testing of vessel after PWHT d. Specify impact testing of vessel after fabrication , prior to

PWHT. 11. For the given configuration, reinforcement area available in shell

will be: Data: t = 16 mm

tr = 15 mm tn = 8 mm d =112 mm

a. 1680 mm sq b. 112 mm sq c. 224 mm sq d. None of above

12. For given configuration, correct minimum weld dimension (x)

required as per ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1 shall be:

3

a. 10 mm b. 12mm c. 14mm d. none of above

13. The minimum PWHT temperature and minimum holding time for

1.5 inch thick welded joints P no. 5A plates shall be.

a. 13000F, 1.5 hr. b. 12500F, 1.5 hrs c. 11000F, 1.5 hours d. None of above

14. A standard seamless (E=1) torispherical head (1 inch nom. thk)

is to be used for construction of new pressure vessel with 72 inch ID, and design pressure = 300 psig. Material of construction has allowable stress of 20,000 psig. Which of the following statements is most appropriate? (Corrosion allowance is nil.)

a. Conforms ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1 b. Does not conform ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1 c. Depends on opinion of Vessel engineer d. Torispherical head is not permitted for use by code

15. A seamless (E=1) 2:1 Ellipsoidal head 60 inch ID, 400 psi design pressure, (corrosion allowance = 0) and (S = 20000 psig) when new, was provided thickness of 5/8”. Your assessment is:

a. Head was designed correctly as per ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1 b. Head was not designed correctly. Thickness is inadequate. c. Depends on the opinion of third party inspector d. None of the above

16. What is the alignment tolerance of a Category “A” weld joint, where the thinner of the two plates is 1-1/2” thick?

a. 1/16 t b. 1/8” c. 3/16” d. 1/8 t

4

17. What is the maximum reinforcement permitted for a 1 inch thick circumferential weld?

a. 3/32” b. ¼” c. 3/16” d. 1/8”

18. A seamless shell (1 course) with two seamless elliptical heads

are combined to form a vessel. Spot radiography was performed on the attaching type 1 welds. What joint efficiency / quality factor must be used for the head and shell calculations? (Assume circumferential stress governs.)

a. .90 b. .85 c. 1.00 d. .70

19. A rounded indication ¼” diameter was found during spot

radiography of a 1/2” thick vessel weld. Your interpretation would be that:

a. The indication is not acceptable to ASME VIII, UW – 51. b. The indication is not acceptable to spot radiography ASME

VIII, UW – 52. c. The rounded indications are not a factor in the

acceptability of welds not required to be fully radiographed.

d. The rounded indications are not a factor for fully radiographed welds.

20. What is the length of a discontinuity permitted in a weld joining

0.575” thick plates when found by the radiographic method (RT – 1)

a. 1/3t b. ¼” c. ¾” d. 1/3”

Questions 21 – 24 are from this set of conditions.

5

A 250 psi (Design Pressure) vessel is to be pneumatic tested in accordance with the original ASME Section VIII, Div. 1 rules. The material is SA-516 – 70 and has a design stress of 12,000 psi and stress of 17,500 psi at ambient test temperature. 21. What is the pneumatic test pressure required?

a. 455 psi b.401 psi c.375 psi d.313 psi 22. What is the minimum temperature (°F) at which a fabricated

vessel can be tested?

a. 10 degrees above operating temperature b. 10 degrees above MDMT c. 30 degrees above MDMT d. 30 degrees above zero

23. What is the first stage pressure reading of the vessel gauge

when pneumatically tested?

a. 401 psi b. 227 psi c. 187 psi d. 201 psi

24. What is the pressure reading when inspection is preformed?

a. 401 psi b. 412 psi c. 364 psi d. 318 psi

25. ASME Section VIII, Division 1 magnetic particle nondestructive

examination personnel shall be qualified in accordance with:

a. Section VIII, Division 1 (Appendix) standards b. Section IX c. SNT-TC-1A d. ASME Code, Section V

6

4 -15 September 2004

Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY

Mid-Session Exam – Open Book Answer Key

Q. NO. ANSWER REFERENCE

1 B ASME VIII, UG – 32 (j) 2 B ASME VIII, UG – 80 (a) 2 3 C ASME VIII, UG – 99 (b) and (g) 4 A ASME VIII, UG – 100 (d) 5 D ASME VIII, UG – 99 (h) 6 A ASME VIII, UG – 16 (c) 7 C ASME VIII, UG – 36 (c), 3 (a) 8 B ASME VIII, UCS – 66 and UG – 20 (f) 9 D API 510, 4.3 10 A ASME VIII, Fig. UCS - 66 11 B ASME VIII, Fig. UG – 37.1 12 B ASME VIII, UW – 16, Fig (p) 13 B ASME VIII, UCS – 56, Table for P5 14 A ASME VIII, UG – 32 (e) 15 A ASME VIII, UG – 32 (d) 16 C ASME VIII, UW – 33 (a) 17 C ASME VIII, UW - 35 18 C ASME VIII, UW – 3 and UW – 12 (d) 19 C ASME VIII, UW – 52 c (3) 20 B ASME VIII, UW – 51 b (2) a 21 B ASME VIII, UG – 100 (b) 22 C ASME VIII, UG – 100 (c) 23 D ASME VIII, UG – 100 (d) 24 C ASME VIII, UG – 100 (d) 25 A ASME VIII, App. G

7

API 510 Pressure Vessel Inspector Program

4 – 15 September 2004

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 2 – Open Book

1. A standard seamless , ASME F & D head (Torispherical) is used for the

following conditions:

Material of Construction = SA 515 gr 60 Design Pressure = 250 psig Design temp = 580ºF Inside Crown Radius = 72 inches Minimum available thk. = 1.14 inches

Category B welds are spot radiographed. Corrosion allowance = 0.125 inches Allowable stress at design temp. = 16400 psig

Your assessment is: a. The head does not meet code requirements. b. The head meets the code requirements. c. Suitability would depend on decision of pressure vessel inspector. d. Data are not adequate.

2. A pressure vessel is to be constructed with MDMT = +20°F, M.O.C = SA

515 gr 60 . Impact testing not performed. Required shell thickness = ¾ , dished head thk. = 1-⅛ " ( torisph. head). Determine if this material is suitable for:

a. Both shell as well as dished head b. Suitable for head but not for shell c. Suitable for shell only but not for head d. Not suitable for either

3. For a certain pressure vessel with spot radiography, and all Welds type 1,

Vessel diameter = 72 inch I.D. M.O. C = SA 515 gr 70 Design temp. = 600°F Allowable stress at design temp. = 20,000 psi

If shell thk. = 5/8" and C. A = 1/8", the MAWP for the shell will be:

a. 234 psi b. 168 psi c. 256 psi

1

d. None of the above

4. A pressure vessel (M.O.C. 516 gr. 70) has external jacket spread over 72 inches length of the shell. (Jacket pressure = 180 psi, Jacket temperature = 350°F) the vessel OD = 36 inches. Shell thickness= 0.5 inch, C.A. = Nil. Decide which of the following are applicable in the present case.

a. Shell thickness is OK. b. Shell thickness is NOT OK. c. Data are not adequate. d. Acceptance of shell thickness depends on opinion of vessel engineer.

5. Choose correct hydrostatic test pressure from given options for a vessel

with the following data: Design Pr = 360 psi

Design temp = 675ºF M.O.C = SA 537 Cl. 1 Allow stress (Ambient) = 18600 psi Allow stress (675°F) = 16900 psi

a. 540 psig b. 515 psig c. 450 psig d. None of above

6. Impact test requirement for the two plates is to be assessed for MDMT

= 0ºF, to be used for Vessel which will be hydrotested and used for steady operation. Plate A. Plates 537 class 1, 2.0 inch thick Plate B. Plates 515 gr 60, 0.75 inch thick Your assessment is: a. Plate (A) and plate (B) both require impact test. b. Only (A) requires, (B) is exempt. c. Only (B) requires, (A) is exempt. d. Both do not require impact testing.

7. For vessel shell, thk= 4.0 inch, max. weld mismatch shall be as follows:

a. Long seam = ¼”, circ seam = ½” b. Long seam = ¼”, circ seam = 7/32” c. Long seam = 7/32”, circ seam = ¼” d. Long seam = 5/8”, circ seam = ½”

2

8. Toughness (opposite of brittleness) will be best for which materials:

a. Materials represented by curve A b. Materials represented by curve B c. Materials represented by curve C d. Materials represented by curve D

9. In a pressure vessel one of the 2:1 ellipsoidal dished head is removed

and a new seamless dished head of same type is installed with a single ‘V’ joint with backing strip and full radiography. What is the joint category, type and efficiency of the joint now?

a. Category-B, Type-1 & E-0.9 b. Category-B, Type-2 & E-0.9 c. Category-A, Type-2 & E-1.0 d. Category-B, Type-2 & E-1.0

10. A pressure vessel of overall height 80’ has its part MAWP at various

parts as detailed in the sketch. What is the vessel MAWP (hydrostatic head 1’ = 0.433 psi)?

a. 419 psi b. 420 psi c. 430 psi d. 426 psi

32'

54'

80'

4'

426 psi

440 psi

442.5 psi

454.64 psi

3

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 2 - Open Book

ANSWER KEY

Q. NO. ANSWER 1 B 2 C 3 A 4 A5 B6 D 7 A8 D 9 B10 A

4

API 510 Pressure Vessel Inspector Program

4 – 15 September 2004

API 510 PREPARATORY

Exam 2 – Open Book (SOLUTION)

Q.1 Ref.: ASME VIII, UG – 32 (e),

T = PSE

PL1.0

885.0−

+ C

E = 1, (As head is seamless and Category B welds are spot

radiographed.)

= 2501.01400,16125.72250885.0

xxxx

− + 0.125

= 375,16

6.15957 + 0.125

= 0.974” + 0.125 = 1.0995” Available thickness = 1.14” ——— OK CORRECT ANSWER: b

Q.2 Refer Fig. UCS – 66 from ASME VIII Material is represented by curve B MDMT – Thickness point for ¾” thickness is above the curve MDMT - Thickness point 1-1/8” is below the curve Material OK for ¾” thickness — Shell Material NOT OK for 1-1/8” thickness — Head CORRECT ANSWER: c

5

Q.3 Ref.: UG – 27 c (1)

MAWP = tR

SEt6.0+

E = 0.85 from Table UW – 12

And t = 5/8” – 1/8” = ½” after deducting corrosion allowance

MAWP = 5.06.0125.365.085.0000,20

xxx

+ Note: R in corroded condition = 36.125”

= 233.36 . . . . say 234 psi CORRECT ANSWER: a Q.4 L/Do = 72 / 36 = 2.0 and Do / t = 36 / 0.5 = 72 From Fig. G of ASME II – Part D, A = 0.002 From Fig. CS-2, B = 11500

Allowable Ext. Pr.= )/(3

4tD

B

o

= 723

115004x

x = 212.9 psi > 180 psi . . . OK

CORRECT ANSWER: a Q.5 Refer UG – 99 of ASME VIII Hydrostatic test pressure = 1.3 x design pressure x stress ratio

= 1.3 x 360 x 1690018600

= 515.0 psi CORRECT ANSWER: b Q.6 Plates 537 clause 1 is curve D and 515 gr60 is curve B.

From Fig. UCS – 66, plate A, the point is above curve. So impact testing not required for plate A.

For plate B, point is below the curve. Now go to UG – 20 (f). Material is P No. 1 and < 1”, and temperature > -20°F. So impact testing for B is also not required.

CORRECT ANSWER: d

6

Q.7 Refer UW – 33 Table from ASME VIII For 4” thk for long seam — 1/16” x 4 = ¼” or 3/8”, use lower value. So for long seam, mismatch = ¼” For circ seam 1/8” x 4” or ¾”, use lower value. So for circ seam, mismatch = 1/2” CORRECT ANSWER: a Q.8 Refer Fig. UCS – 66 of ASME VIII

Curve D is representing the materials which are not becoming brittle when other materials (curve A, B, C) become brittle. CORRECT ANSWER: d

Q.9 Refer Table UW – 12 of ASME VIII — This joint is type 2.

— This joint is category B (Ref. UW – 3 of ASME VIII). Since the joint is between 2:1 ellip. head and the shell.

— Refer (Table UW – 12 of ASME VIII), the head is seamless and joint is full radiographed. Hence, E=0.9.

CORRECT ANSWER: b

Q.10 Vessel MAWP = Vessel Part MAWP — Static Head Vessel MAWP will be worked out considering Part MAWPs.

For location at 4 feet from top = 426 – 0.433 x 4 = 424.268 psi

For location at 32 feet from top = 440 – 32 x 0.433 = 426.144 psi For location at 54 feet from top = 442.5 – 54 x 0.433 = 419.118 psi For location at 80 feet from top = 454.64 – 80 x 0.433 = 420.0 psi

Vessel MAWP is lowest of all part MAWPs adjusted for hydrostatic head. Therefore, lowest value 419.118 psi is vessel MAWP. CORRECT ANSWER: a

7

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 6 (Open Book)

1. Following four new seamless standard torispherical heads are

available for use under following design conditions. Choose the correct one.

Design pr = 235 psi, Head I.D = 72’’, and S = 20000 psi with no C.A.

a. Design thk = 0.9882”. Provided thk after forming = 1.0” b. Design thk = 0.4886”. Provided thk after forming = 0.5” c. Design thk = 0.6184”. Provided thk after forming = 0.625” d. Design thk = 0.7496”. Provided thk after forming = 0.75”

2. Following four new seamless (2:1) ellipsoidal heads are available

for the following design conditions. Choose the correct one.

Design pr = 332 psi, Head I . D = 60’’ and S = 20000 psi with no C A

a. Design thk = 0.7382”. Provided thk after forming = 0.75” b. Design thk = 0.9788”. Provided thk after forming = 1.0” c. Design thk = 0.4985”. Provided thk after forming = 0.5” d. Design thk = 0.7377”. Provided thk after forming = 0.75”

3. Head in Q1 (torisph Head-A) is to be analysed according to API

510, after placing the vessel in service for 10 years. For the purpose of API 510 analysis, value of crown whose radius can be taken as:

a. 72’’ b. 60’’ c. 48’’ d. 54’’

4. For head in Q.2 (Ellip. Head - B) value of crown radius for API 510

analysis can be taken as:

a. 72’’

1

b. 60’’ c. 48’’ d. 54’’

5. The crown portion for head A may be considered as the portion

lying entirely within a circle whose centre will be same as head centre and diameter will be

a. 68.5’’ b. 36.4’’ c. 57.6’’ d. 54.0’’

6. For head B, the crown portion would lie within similar circle of

diameter:

a. 60’’ b. 30’’ c. 54’’ d. 48’’

7. Required minimum thickness of crown portion for analysis as per

API 510 for head A shall be:

a. 0.3695’’ b. 0.4075’’ c. 0.4235” d. 0.4825’’

8. Required minimum thickness for crown portion for head B as per

API 510 shall be:

a. 0.4490” b. 0.4262’’ c. 0.3652’’ d. 0.4863’’

9. The minimum nominal thickness of new cylindrical shell with

design pr=555 psi inside diameter = 58’’, S= 20000 psi and E = 0.85 with corrosion allowance of 1/8’’ [C.A. for expected life of 20 years] will be:

a. 1.0 inch

2

b. 0.75 inch c. 1.125 inch d. 1.25 inch

10. After 10 years of service, extensive corrosion was observed on the

shell over a patch lying entirely beyond 6 inches from weld for the vessel in question 11 above. Thinning as measured on this area was 3/16’’, while on weld area, the corrosion was within expected limits. As on today, is the vessel is:

a. Safe for design conditions b. Unsafe for design conditions c. Safe only if welds are fully radio graphed and ok d. Safe only if welds are UT checked and OK

11. According to API 510, for vessels with I.D. = 48’’ corrosion

averaging along most critical element can be done over a length not exceeding:

a. 12 inches b. 16 inches c. 20 inches d. 24 inches

12. If diameter of vessel above in Q. 11 is changed to 72’’, the length

for corrosion averaging will be:

a. 36 inches b. 24 inches c. 40 inches d. 18 inches

13. A cluster of scattered of pits was observed on exterior of vessel

shell. The description of pits is as follows:

Nomial vessel thickness = 5/8” Corrosion allowance = 1/8 inch Total area of pits = 5.8 sq inch Pit of largest depth: 0.5 inch dia., 0.20” deep

All pits could be enclosed in a circle of 8 inch dia. and maximum cumulative length is 1.75 inch within the circle.

3

a. Pits may be ignored as per API 510 b. Pits are unsafe as the total area pf the pits is beyond limits c. The cluster is unsafe as depth of deepest pit is beyond limits d. The cluster is unsafe , they are exceeding cumulative length

criteria

14. If in Q.13 above, depth of deepest pit was 0.15’’, cumulative length was 2.3 inch ( other data remaining same) your analysis will be:

a. The cluster is still safe b. Cluster is unsafe as depth is still beyond limit c. Unsafe as cumulative length is beyond limit d. b and c

15. If total area of cluster is 8 sq inch other data remain same as

Q.13, what is your evaluation?

a. Cluster is unsafe due to increased cluster area b. Cluster is unsafe due to pit depth still being unsafe c. Cluster is unsafe due to a and b d. Cluster is safe

4

4 -15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY

Exam 6 - Open Book ANSWER KEY

Q. NO. ANSWER REFERENCE 1 D 2 C 3 A 4 D 5 C 6 D 7 C 8 A 9 C 10 A 11 C 12 B 13 A 14 C 15 A

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4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY

Exam 6 - Open Book Solution

1. Thickness of new torispherical head is given by ASME formula,

t = 0.8885 PL L = Crown radius SE – 0.1 P .˙. L = Diameter of head E = 1 (seamless)

= 0.7496 mm Provided thk of 0.75” is ok.

Correct answer: d

2. Thickness of new Ellipsoidal head (2:1) is given by ASME Formula:

t = PD

2SE-0.2P = 332 x 60 2 x 20000 x 1 – 0.2 x 332

= 19920 39933.6 = 0.4985” Provided thk = 0.5” (OK)

Correct Answer: c

6

3. Torisph head D = 72” For API 510 analysis Crown Radius = Diameter = 72”

Correct answer: a 4. For 2:1 Ellip head, for API 510 analysis Crown radius = 0.9 D = 54”

Correct answer: d

5. Crown portion lies in circle of diameter equal to 0.8D = 0.8 x 72 = 57.6”

Correct answer: c

6. Crown Portion lies in circle of diameter equal to 0.8D = 0.8 x 60 = 48”

Correct answer: d

7. For torisph head, for crown portion, use hemisphere formula using R = D

t = PR use R = D = 72” 2SE – 0.2P S = 20000 PSI E = 1 t = 235 x 72 P = 235 2SE - 0.2P = 16920 39933.6 = 0.4235”

Correct answer: c

8. Again use hemispherical head formula for crown part:

7

t = P R for Hemispherical head, 2SE – 02P use R = 0.9 D S = 20000 psi = 332 x 0.9 x 60 E = 1 2SE – 0.2P P = 332 = 332 x 54 39933.6 = 0.4489

Correct answer: a

9. t = P X R SE – 0.6P

= 555 x 29.125 (R = 29.125” (Half of diameter) 20,000 x 0.85 – 0.6 x 555 = 16164 16667 = 0.967” + 0.125 = 1.09 Correct answer: c 10. Thickness away from weld (required thk)

t = PR SE – 0.6P take: E=1 t = 555 x 30 20,000 – 333 = 0.8465”

Available shell thickness

= 1.125 – 0.1875 (3/16” = 0.1875)

8

= 0.9375 > 0.8465 . . . (Safe) Correct answer: a

11. ID or 20” use smaller value (ID ≤ 60”)

2 24” or 20 - - - - - - - - 20” Correct answer: c

12. ID or 40” use smaller value (ID › 60”)

3 72 or 40” 3 24 or 40” . . . . 24” Correct answer: b

13. Area within 8” diameter circle = 5.8 sq. in. (OK) Length along straight line in circle = 1.75 (OK) Depth 5/8” – 1/8” 0.25” (OK) Correct answer: a

14. Length 2.3 inch > 2” ---------- (NOT OK)

Correct answer: c

15. Area 8 sq. in > 7 sq. in -------- (NOT OK)

Correct answer: a

9

API 510 Pressure Vessel Inspector Preparatory Course Final Exam – Closed Book

ANSWER SHEET Name : ___________________________ Date : _____________ Organization : ___________________________ Time : ______________ Subject : ___________________________ Note : 1. Return question paper along with answer sheet

2. Do not write on question paper 3. No negative marks. 4. Mark most appropriate answer like this

A B C D O O O O (mark by pencil only)

SN A B C D SN A B C D SN A B C D

1. 0 0 0 0 22. 0 0 0 0 43. 0 0 0 0

2. 0 0 0 0 23. 0 0 0 0 44. 0 0 0 0

3. 0 0 0 0 24. 0 0 0 0 45. 0 0 0 0

4. 0 0 0 0 25. 0 0 0 0 46. 0 0 0 0

5. 0 0 0 0 26. 0 0 0 0 47. 0 0 0 0

6. 0 0 0 0 27. 0 0 0 0 48. 0 0 0 0

7. 0 0 0 0 28. 0 0 0 0 49. 0 0 0 0

8. 0 0 0 0 29. 0 0 0 0 50. 0 0 0 0

9. 0 0 0 0 30. 0 0 0 0 51. 0 0 0 0

10. 0 0 0 0 31. 0 0 0 0 52. 0 0 0 0

11. 0 0 0 0 32. 0 0 0 0 53. 0 0 0 0

12. 0 0 0 0 33. 0 0 0 0 54. 0 0 0 0

13. 0 0 0 0 34. 0 0 0 0 55. 0 0 0 0

14. 0 0 0 0 35. 0 0 0 0 56. 0 0 0 0

15. 0 0 0 0 36. 0 0 0 0 57. 0 0 0 0

16. 0 0 0 0 37. 0 0 0 0 58. 0 0 0 0

17. 0 0 0 0 38. 0 0 0 0

59. 0 0 0 0

18. 0 0 0 0 39. 0 0 0 0

60. 0 0 0 0

19. 0 0 0 0 40.

0 0 0 0

61. 0 0 0 0

20. 0 0 0 0 41. 0 0 0 0

62. 0 0 0 0

21. 0 0 0 0 42. 0 0 0 0

63. 0 0 0 0

Total Marks : _________

Examiner’s Signature: _________________________ Date: _________________

1

API 510 Pressure Vessel Inspector Preparatory Course Final Exam – Open Book

ANSWER SHEET

Name : ___________________________ Date : _____________ Organization : ___________________________ Time : ______________ Subject : ______________________________ Note : 1. Return question paper along with answer sheet

2. Do not write on question paper 3. No negative marks. 4. Mark most appropriate answer like this

A B C D O O O O (mark by pencil only)

SN A B C D SN A B C D SN A B C D

1. 0 0 0 0 11. 0 0 0 0 21. 0 0 0 0

2. 0 0 0 0 12. 0 0 0 0 22. 0 0 0 0

3. 0 0 0 0 13. 0 0 0 0 23. 0 0 0 0

4. 0 0 0 0 14. 0 0 0 0 24. 0 0 0 0

5. 0 0 0 0 15. 0 0 0 0 25. 0 0 0 0

6. 0 0 0 0 16. 0 0 0 0

26. 0 0 0 0

7. 0 0 0 0 17. 0 0 0 0

27. 0 0 0 0

8. 0 0 0 0 18. 0 0 0 0

28. 0 0 0 0

9. 0 0 0 0 19. 0 0 0 0

29. 0 0 0 0

10. 0 0 0 0 20. 0 0 0 0

30. 0 0 0 0

Total Marks : _________

Examiner’s Signature: _________________________ Date: _________________

1

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY Final Exam (Open Book)

1. For UT examination using Pulse- Echo Technique, thickness

calibration was performed at 80°F. An on-stream UT reading at a TML on a pressure vessel (operating at 680°F) was indicated as 50 mm. Its actual thickness will be approximately:

a. 44 mm b. 47 mm c. 48.5 mm d. 50 mm

2. What will be the size of nozzle to shell weld for nozzle weld

configuration? Conforming to Fig.-‘j’ of UW-16. (Nom. Shell thickness = 28 mm., Nom. Nozzle thickness = 16mm., weld size t2= 12mm)

a. 8 mm b. 10 mm c. 12mm d. 14 mm

3. During the recent planned internal inspection showed two piits of

following description. (Min. vessel thickness required = 5/8” including C.A = 1/8”). Pits are separated by 12 inch distance( edge to edge)

Pit A: Available thickness at bottom of pit = 0.4 inch. Pit dia. = 1.5” Pit B: Available thickness at bottom of pit = 0.34 inch. Pit dia. = 0.75” Your assessment is:

a. Pitting is not harmful hence acceptable b. Pit A may be ignored but not Pit B c. Pit B may be ignored but not Pit A d. Both pits can not be ignored

1

4. Following combination of Base metal and welding electrode was

qualified by a certain PQR. Impact testing is not required.

Base Metal = SA 285 Gr C Plates, 3/4" thk Welding electrode = AWS E 7015,

This PQR will qualify which of the following combinations of Base Metal – Welding electrodes. a. 1" thk SA 515gr 60 plates, E 6013 electrodes b. 1¾ " thk SA 285 grc plates, E 6013 electrodes c. 1¼ thk plates plates SA516gr70, E 7018 electrodes d. None of above

5. The recommended minimum development time in minutes

allowed for a material made of high temperature alloy is:

a. 5 min b. 15 min c. 10 min d. 6 min

6. A weld procedure is qualified in 1G position. This procedure can

be used for welding in positions:

a. 1G b. 2G c. 4G d. All of the positions

7. A 1” thickness C.S. weld with 2mm acceptable reinforcement

was to be radiographed. The applicable hole type penetrameter on (source side) and essential hole shall be:

a. ASME 30 - 2T b. ASME 25 - 2T c. ASME 20 - 2T d. ASME 30 - 4T

8. A radiograph for a long seam in new pressure vessel (UW 51) of

25mm thick plate shows 3mm crack, and 6 mm long isolated

2

slag. Your decision regarding acceptance of the radiograph will be:

a. Repair crack, repair slag b. Repair slag, accept crack c. Repair crack, accept slag d. Accept crack, accept slag

9. For a vessel which is planned for internal inspection after 8 years

what should be the minimum remaining corrosion allowance in the vessel if corrosion rate is 150 microns per year.

a. 2.0 mm b. 2.4 mm c. 1.2 mm d. None of above

10. For vessel 2.5 inch thick, MDMT specified was 60ºF and material of

construction used was SA 515 gr 60, without impact testing. The vessel failed later due to brittle failure. Maintainance Department says SA 516 GR 60 should have been used. What is your assessment? a. SA 515 GR 60 failed but 516 gr 60 would not have failed b. 516gr 60 would not have made any difference c. Impact strength was not apparent reason for failure d. b and c above

11. A pressure vessel constructed according to ASME Sec. VIII, Div.

1 with shell thickness 7/8’’ (Material of Construction P No. 4, group no. 1) is to be repaired by using insert plates. The requirement of radiography to be incorporated in repair procedure shall be:

a. Full radiography b. Spot radiography c. May be a, or b depending on joint efficiency d. Data is not adequate

12. After completion of alterations a pressure test is:

a. Normally required

3

b. Subject to approval of the jurisdiction , appropriate NDE shall be required where pressure test is not performed

c. Substituting NDE for a pressure test after an alteration ay be done only after consulting a pressure vessel engineer experienced in pressure vessel design

d. All of the above 13. A procedure qualification test was carried out for a groove weld

on a plate with weld metal thickness of 16 mm thickness by SMAW process. The test was found satisfactory. This procedure can be used with SMAW for weld thickness of:

a. 5 to 32 mm b. 0 to 16 mm c. Any thickness d. 0 to 32 mm

14. In liquid penetrant testing, a procedure is qualified to a

temperature of 15 degree C. Pick up a correct statement.

a. The same procedure is qualified from 100C to 520C b. The same procedure is restricted to maximum of 150C only c. The same procedure shall be applied to 5 0C to 100C d. The same procedure shall be applied to temperature more

than 150C

15. An in-service vessel with seamless 2:1 Ellipsoidal head 60 inch ID, 400 psi design pressure, (corrosion allowance = 0) and (S = 20000 psig) was inspected. Available thickness of only 5/8” was observed on the crown portion. The knuckle thickness was found to be adequate. Your assessment is:

a. Head thickness in crown portion is still ok for

operation. b. Thickness is inadequate. c. Depends on the opinion of third party inspector d. Depends on the opinion of API 510 inspector

16. Choose correct hydrostatic test pressure from given options for a

vessel with following data:

Design pressure = 200 psi Design temperature = 675º F

4

M.O.C = SA 537 Cl.1 Allow stress (Ambient) = 18,000 psi Allow stress (675ºF) = 15,000 psi

a. 350 psig b. 260 psig c. 312 psig d. None of above

17. The temperature measured at a weld layer for a magnetic

material is around 450C, but weld is in vertical position. It is decided to carryout a surface NDT method. Choose a suitable NDT method.

a. Penetrant testing wet developer b. Magnetic particle testing with dry particles-prod type c. Magnetic particle testing with dry particles-yoke type

d. None of above

18. A weld procedure is qualified on pipe OD = 2”, in 1G position. This procedure can be used for welding: a. 6” OD pipe in 1G only b. 2” OD pipe in 1G only c. Any diameter pipe in any position d. Pipes smaller than 2” OD in 1G only

19. During the External inspection, observed resistance of electrical

grounding connections for Pressure vessels was 42 ohms. Your advice is:

a. Accept b. Resistance must be reduced to 25 Ohms Maximum a. Resistance must be increased to 25 Ohms minimum b. Depends on opinion of electrical engineer.

20. For a certain nozzle to shell joint (No corrosion allowance is

required.) following data is presented. Shell thickness provided = 0.42 inch. Nozzle I.D. = 3.2 in. Pad size = 6.4 in. O. D.

Thickness of pad = 0.42.

5

Your assessment is: a. Nozzle is adequately reinforced. b. Reinforcement is inadequate. c. Data is inadequate: nozzle thickness must be given. d. Data is inadequate: design shell thickness must be given.

21. For procedure qualifications with the GTAW process _______ is

Non-essential variable.

a. Change of P No. b. Change of A No. c. Change of F No. d. Groove design

22. The crown portion for torispherical head (ID=40 inches) may be considered as the portion lying entirely within a circle whose centre will be same as head centre and diameter will be:

a. 36’’ b. 40’’ c. 32’’ d. 200’’

23. For 2:1 Ellip. Head (ID=75 inches), the crown portion would lie

within similar circle of diameter:

a. 60” b. 30’’ c. 54’’ d. 48’’

24. In liquid penetrant examination the maximum permitted rounded

indication size for circumferential welds with plate thickness up to 1 inch will be:

a. 1/8” b. 1/16 c. 3/16” d. ¼”

6

25. For a vertical with column int. dia. = 48'' and height (tan-tan)

=98 ft., the hydrostatic head for bottom dished head (2:1 Ellip. type) will be:

a. 40.6 psi b. 42.4 psi c. 43.3 psi d. None of above

26. Leak tightness of the relief valves is tested by conducting:

a. Water Bubble test with water head = 0.5” at the set pressure

b. Water Bubble test with water head = 1.0” at set pressure c. Water Bubble test with water head = 0.5” at 90% of the

set pressure d. None of above

7

4 -15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY

Final Exam – Open Book Answer Key

Q. NO. ANSWER REFERENCE

1 A ASME V, SE 797, 8.5 2 C ASME VIII, UW – 16 (j) Notes 3 A API 510, 5.7 (b) 4 C ASME IX, Tables QW – 451, QW – 422 & QW - 423 5 C ASME V, Table T-672 6 D ASME IX, QW - 203 7 A ASME V, Table T – 276 8 C ASME VIII, UW - 51 9 B API 510, 6.4 10 A ASME VIII, Fig. UCS - 66 11 A API 510 and ASME VIII, Table UCS - 57 12 D API 510, 7.2.10 13 D ASME IX, Table QW – 451.1 14 A ASME V, T-652 15 A API 510, 57 (e) and ASME VIII, UG-32 (f) 16 C ASME VIII, UG - 99 17 A General Knowledge 18 C ASME IX, QW – 452.3 19 B API 572, 10.3.9 20 A Pad OD = 2d and pad thickness – shell thk is always ok 21 D ASME IX, Table QW – 256 and QW 402.1 22 C API 510, 5.7 (e) 23 A API 510, 5.7 (e) 24 C ASME VIII, Appendix 8, 8.4 25 C h = 100 ft.; head = 100 x 0.433 = 43.3 psi (BOK) 26 C API 576, 6.2.15 & Fig. 40

8

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 5 - Closed Book

1. Repair Organization: According to API 510 is:

a. Holder of ASME certificate & appropriate code symbol stamp

b. Owner-user c. Contractor under contract with owner-user d. Any of above

2. Which of the following are essential elements of a Quality control

system of a repair organization?

a. Statements of organisational chart documentation b. Statements about working procedures c. Statement of controls to ensure quality d. All of the above

3. Which of the following is a typical deterioration that can take

place on the external surfaces of vessels?

a. CUI b. Caustic embrittlement c. Erosion d. All of the above

4. Corrosion and minimum thickness evaluation may be conducted

by?

a. Use of a external micrometer b. Ultrasonic testing c. Using LPI d. None of above

5. In API-510, the term “RBI” means:

a. Repairing Before Inspection b. Report Based Inspection c. Repair Based Inspection d. Risk Based Inspection

6. Which of the following defines the term “hold point” in inspection

practice?

a. For a vertical pressure vessel held in position by guy-wires,

the holding points on the vessels connected to guy-wires. b. A support lug welded onto the vessel. c. A point beyond which work may not proceed until

inspections have been performed and documented d. A holding clamp used for aligning the joints for welding

7. Repair on pressure vessels will:

a. Restore the vessels to intended design conditions b. Not change the rating of vessel. c. a and b above d. Restore the vessels to some usable conditions

8. Which of the following best describes creep cracking?

a. Creep cracking is caused due to loss of ductility at low temperatures.

b. Creep is high temperature phenomenon and is dependent upon time, temperature and stress

c. Hydrogen attack aggravates creep cracks d. b and c

9. The failure mechanisms common in vessels subjected to vibrations is:

a. Creep b. Fatigue c. Erosion d. All of above

10. A Shell with nom. I.D. = 2200 mm is rolled and the inspector

observed following readings, D max = 2215mm, D min = 2195 mm. Should the shell be:

a. Accept b. Reject c. Accept after NDT d. Depends on opinion of inspector.

11. Widely scattered pits may be ignored if which of the conditions

are satisfied:

a. No pit depth is greater than one half the vessel wall thickness exclusive of the corrosion allowance.

b. The total area of the pits does not exceed 7 square inches within any 8 inch diameter circle

c. The sum of their dimensions along any straight line within

the circle of diameter 8 inches does not exceed 2 inches d. All of the above

12. Which of the following are areas on pressure vessel which are

susceptible to CUI?

a. All the area which is below insulation b. Insulated areas below steam vents c. Insulated areas exposed to cooling tower mist d. “b” and “c” above

13. Corrosion under insulation (CUI) due to environmental factors

like humidity, moisture, will be more pronounced at temperature:

a. 250F to 2500F b. More than 2500F c. Lower than 25ºF d. CUI is independent of temperature

14. What can be done to extend the life of a 2” thk. vessel with a

corroded area in the shell plate 6 inches from the weld, a joint efficiency of less than 1, and a corrosion thickness currently near the minimum required thickness?

a. Recalculate t minimum for current operating conditions using E < 1. b. Recalculate t minimum for current operating conditions using E = 1. c. Recalculate t minimum for design conditions using E = 1. d. Monitor the thickness during the run.

15. A horizontal vessel is provided with 2:1 elliptical heads on both

ends. The tan – tan shell length = 120 in. vessel dia = 40 in. What will be overall length of the vessel?

a. 150 inches b. 140 inches c. 160 inches d. None of above

16. According to API 510, authorized inspection agency is:

a. Jurisdiction organization b. Insurance company which under writes insurance of

pressure vessels c. Inspection organization of owner-user d. Any of above

17. Shells of vessels adjacent to inlet impingement plates are

susceptible to a. Stress-corrosion cracking b. Erosion c. Hydrogen embrittlement d. Tamper emrittlement

18. For all repairs and alterations under API 510, the ultimate

responsibility rests with

a. Owner user b. API Committee c. API-510 Inspector d. Jurisdiction authority

19. Which of the following changes on a vessel could be termed as

an alteration?

a. Addition of a reinforced nozzle of size equal to an existing nozzle

b. Addition of a nozzle not requiring reinforcement c. Addition of a reinforced nozzle of greater size, at same

location. d. Only “b” and “c”

20. A pressure vessel has design pressure = 300 psi. Its safe stress

values at ambient and designed temperatures are 17100 psi and 16300 psi respectively. The hydrostatic test pressure and inspection pressure for above will be:

a. 450 psi and 346 psi b. 409 psi and 315 psi c. 415 psi and 300 psi d. None of the above

510 PREPARATORY Exam 5 - Closed Book

ANSWER KEY Q. NO. ANSWER REFERENCE

1 D API 510, 3.16 2 D API 510, 4.3 3 A General Knowledge of Any Inspector 4 B API 510, 5.7 (a) 5 D API 510, 6.2 6 C General Knowledge of Any Inspector 7 C API 510, 3.15 8 D API 510, 5.2 9 B API 510, 5.2 10 A ASME VIII, UG – 80 a (1) 11 D API 510, 5.7 (b) 12 D API 510, 6.3 13 A API 510, 6.3 14 C API 510, 5.7 (d) 15 B ASME VIII, UG – 32 (d) 16 D ASME VIII, 3.4 17 B General Knowledge 18 A API 510, 4.1 19 C API 510, 3.1 20 B ASME VIII, UG – 99 (b) and (d)

4 – 15 September 2004 Dammam, Saudi Arabia

API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 9 (Closed Book)

1. Of the following tools which should the inspector have on hand for vessel inspections? A. Pencil and note pad, flash light and scraper. B. Social security card. C. Clean fire retardant clothing. D. Electrical conductivity testing equipment to test liners. 2. High pressure may develop in a vessel as a result of:: A. Rapid venting of a vessel’s pressure source B. Excessive heat input above normal operating conditions C. Thermal Expansion of trapped fluids D. B & C 3. The rules for impact testing of carbon steel in Section VIII vessel materials require what kind(s) of impact test. A. Brinell & Rockwell B. Izod & Charpy V-notch C. Charpy V-notch only is acceptable. D. Brinell only is acceptable 4. The API authorized pressure vessel inspector may give prior authorization for repairs that do not involve; A. Pressure tests B. Radiography C. Pneumatic testing D. Final visual inspections 5. Prior to witnessing a pneumatic test of a pressure vessel, the inspector should; A. Ensure that welds around nozzles were inspected by PT or MT prior to

commencement of test. B. Ensure that test pressure is maintained throughout the leak testing inspection . C. Ensure that all butt welds were UT checked prior to commencement of test. D. A & B.

1

6. Widely scattered pits may be ignored as long as the following are true: a. No pit depth is greater than one half the vessel’s wall thickness exclusive of the corrosion allowance. b. The total area of the pits does not exceed 7 square inches (45 square centimeters) within any 8-inch (20-centimeter) diameter circle. c. The sum of their dimensions along any straight line within the circle does not exceed 2 inches (5 centimeters). d.? What is the missing item in d above is? A. The pit depths must be measured from the side the pit is located on. B. The 8 inch diameter is to be measured from the center of the deepest pit. C. There are no missing item there are only 3 items listed for this rule. D. The total area of the pits cannot exceed 3.5 square inches in a 4-inch diameter

circle. 7. Before any repair to a pressure vessel in accordance with its code of construction, what if any additional requirements for inspection may need to be considered? A. Jurisdictional requirements that might override the API 510 Code. B. Who is doing the repair? C. The quality of the repair materials. D. The need for qualified welding procedures. 8. Hydrogen chloride becomes a problem when; A. Exposed to air, it will thermally react and result in a fire. B. Exposed to water, it forms hydrochloric acid. C. Exposed to water, it becomes unstable and can form an explosive compound. D. Exposed to water and air it produces formic acid. 9. A new vessel has been installed, what must be done in order accept the vessel for operation? A. A first internal inspection. B. A first internal inspection, however if a manufactures’ data report (U1) assuring that

the vessel is satisfactory for its intended service is available the first internal may be waived.

C. Base line thickness readings must be taken per OSHA 1920 (j). D. Base line thickness reading must be taken per OSHA 1910(j). 10. Ordinarily non-metallic coatings and linings can be most effectively inspected by what technique? A. Low voltage holiday tester B. Radiography C. Hammer testing

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D. Using a high voltage low current brush type electrode device. (Spark Tester) 11. Titanium alloys are subject to loss of ductility in certain environments, what is this condition called? A. High temperature embrittlement. B. Low temperature embrittlement. C. Hi-alloy effect. D. Hydriding. 12. Which of the following describes a crack in metal? A. Cracks run parallel to the surface. B. Cracks run at right angles to the surface. C. Cracks are usually wide at one end and narrow at the other. D. Cracks always run slant to the surface. 13. Temper embrittlement is best described as; A. Cracking due to operating at high temperatures above 700 degrees F. B. Loss of ductility and notch toughness due to exposure above 700 degrees F. C. Flaking of the metal surfaces, causing dip pits. D. Cracking due to low temperature service. 14. Carbon dioxide considered corrosive when? A. When combined with glycol. B. When combined with water. C. When combined with ethylene. D. When combined with water and high temperatures. 15. Most active of sulfur compounds found in refinery service is; A. Mercaptans. B. Organic sulfur compounds. C. Hydrogen sulfide. D. Polymorphic sulfides when combined with polymer products. 16. Which of the following is a major concern when operating vessels that utilize the fluidized bed principle? A. Overheating B. Erosion C. Corrosion D. Cracks 17. The inspection of a vessel to determine if a hydrogen blister is present is often best performed by;

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A. Researching the inspection records. B. Determine the vessels material to see if hydrogen attack is likely. C. Swaying a flash light parallel to the vessel’s surface. D. Recommending metallurgical tests for blisters in a laboratory. 18. When preparing to inspect a vessel which has had previous inspections what is the initial step in preparation for the inspection? A. Assemble all the required tools to perform the inspection. B. Review previous inspection records. C. Advice maintenance of any anticipated repairs. D. Insure that all non-destructive examinations required have been scheduled. 19. Which of the following best describes a “Corrosion Button” as might be found in a pressure vessel? A. Buttons made of highly corrosion resistant material from which corrosion loss can be

measured. B. Buttons which corrode at about the same rate as the vessel’s material and are used

to estimate the vessel’s corrosion losses. C. No such thing exists; there is however a corrosion tab used in vessels. D. A form of corrosive product produced by certain chemicals in a vessel when is

constructed of high chrome alloy material. 20. In a PRV in which the major relieving device or main valve is combined with and controlled by a self activated auxiliary pressure relief valve is A. Pilot operated valve B. Bellow type balancing valve C. Relief valve D. Safety valve

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API 510 PREPARATORY COURSE…Day 9

Exam 13 — Closed Book

ANSWER KEY

1. A API 572 10.2.2

2. D CHAPTER II 206.021 - .023

3. C VIII UG-84

4. A API 510 7.1.1

5. A VIII UG-100

6. C API 510 5.7(e)

7. A API 510 1.1

8. B CHAPTER II 202.022

9. B API 510 6.1

10. D API 572 10.4.6

11. D API 572 8.3.7

12. B API 572 10.4.4

13. B API 510 5.2

14. B CHAPTER II 202.024

15. C CHAPTER II 202.23

16. B CHAPTER II 202.32

17. C API 572 10.3.13

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18 B API 572 10 .4 .3

19. A API 572 10.5

20. A API 576 2.2.1.5

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API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 5 - Closed Book

1. Repair Organization: According to API 510 is:

a. Holder of ASME certificate & appropriate code symbol stamp

b. Owner-user c. Contractor under contract with owner-user d. Any of above

2. Which of the following are essential elements of a Quality control

system of a repair organization?

a. Statements of organisational chart documentation b. Statements about working procedures c. Statement of controls to ensure quality d. All of the above

3. Which of the following is a typical deterioration that can take

place on the external surfaces of vessels?

a. CUI b. Caustic embrittlement c. Erosion d. All of the above

4. Corrosion and minimum thickness evaluation may be conducted

by?

a. Use of a external micrometer b. Ultrasonic testing c. Using LPI d. None of above

5. In API-510, the term “RBI” means:

a. Repairing Before Inspection b. Report Based Inspection c. Repair Based Inspection d. Risk Based Inspection

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6. Which of the following defines the term “hold point” in inspection

practice?

a. For a vertical pressure vessel held in position by guy-wires,

the holding points on the vessels connected to guy-wires. b. A support lug welded onto the vessel. c. A point beyond which work may not proceed until

inspections have been performed and documented d. A holding clamp used for aligning the joints for welding

7. Repair on pressure vessels will:

a. Restore the vessels to intended design conditions b. Not change the rating of vessel. c. a and b above d. Restore the vessels to some usable conditions

8. Which of the following best describes creep cracking?

a. Creep cracking is caused due to loss of ductility at low temperatures.

b. Creep is high temperature phenomenon and is dependent upon time, temperature and stress

c. Hydrogen attack aggravates creep cracks d. b and c

9. The failure mechanisms common in vessels subjected to vibrations is:

a. Creep b. Fatigue c. Erosion d. All of above

10. A Shell with nom. I.D. = 2200 mm is rolled and the inspector

observed following readings, D max = 2215mm, D min = 2195 mm. Should the shell be:

a. Accept b. Reject c. Accept after NDT d. Depends on opinion of inspector.

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11. Widely scattered pits may be ignored if which of the conditions

are satisfied:

a. No pit depth is greater than one half the vessel wall thickness exclusive of the corrosion allowance.

b. The total area of the pits does not exceed 7 square inches

within any 8 inch diameter circle c. The sum of their dimensions along any straight line within

the circle of diameter 8 inches does not exceed 2 inches d. All of the above

12. Which of the following are areas on pressure vessel which are

susceptible to CUI?

a. All the area which is below insulation b. Insulated areas below steam vents c. Insulated areas exposed to cooling tower

mist d. “b” and “c” above

13. Corrosion under insulation (CUI) due to environmental factors

like humidity, moisture, will be more pronounced at temperature:

a. 250F to 2500F b. More than 2500F c. Lower than 25ºF d. CUI is independent of temperature

14. What can be done to extend the life of a 2” thk. vessel with a

corroded area in the shell plate 6 inches from the weld, a joint efficiency of less than 1, and a corrosion thickness currently near the minimum required thickness?

a. Recalculate t minimum for current operating conditions using E < 1. b. Recalculate t minimum for current operating conditions using E = 1. c. Recalculate t minimum for design conditions using E = 1. d. Monitor the thickness during the run.

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15. A horizontal vessel is provided with 2:1 elliptical heads on both ends. The tan – tan shell length = 120 in. vessel dia = 40 in. What will be overall length of the vessel?

a. 150 inches b. 140 inches c. 160 inches d. None of above

16. According to API 510, authorized inspection agency is:

a. Jurisdiction organization b. Insurance company which under writes insurance of

pressure vessels c. Inspection organization of owner-user d. Any of above

17. Shells of vessels adjacent to inlet impingement plates are

susceptible to a. Stress-corrosion cracking b. Erosion c. Hydrogen embrittlement d. Tamper emrittlement

18. For all repairs and alterations under API 510, the ultimate

responsibility rests with

a. Owner user b. API Committee c. API-510 Inspector d. Jurisdiction authority

19. Which of the following changes on a vessel could be termed as

an alteration?

a. Addition of a reinforced nozzle of size equal to an existing nozzle

b. Addition of a nozzle not requiring reinforcement c. Addition of a reinforced nozzle of greater size, at same

location. d. Only “b” and “c”

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20. A pressure vessel has design pressure = 300 psi. Its safe stress values at ambient and designed temperatures are 17100 psi and 16300 psi respectively. The hydrostatic test pressure and inspection pressure for above will be:

a. 450 psi and 346 psi b. 409 psi and 315 psi c. 415 psi and 300 psi d. None of the above

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API 510 PREPARATORY Exam 5 - Closed Book

ANSWER KEY

Q. NO. ANSWER REFERENCE 1 D API 510, 3.16 2 D API 510, 4.3 3 A General Knowledge of Any Inspector 4 B API 510, 5.7 (a) 5 D API 510, 6.2 6 C General Knowledge of Any Inspector 7 C API 510, 3.15 8 D API 510, 5.2 9 B API 510, 5.2 10 A ASME VIII, UG – 80 a (1) 11 D API 510, 5.7 (b) 12 D API 510, 6.3 13 A API 510, 6.3 14 C API 510, 5.7 (d) 15 B ASME VIII, UG – 32 (d) 16 D ASME VIII, 3.4 17 B General Knowledge 18 A API 510, 4.1 19 C API 510, 3.1 20 B ASME VIII, UG – 99 (b) and (d)

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API 510- Exam 9-Extra

Closed Book (API RP-577)

Q.1 Recording on a data sheet of an indication that exceeds the reject flaw size

criteria and needs to be corrected is-

A] Recordable indication B] Reportable indication C] Notable indication D] None of above

Q.2 A sub –surface terrace and step-like crack with basic orientation parallel to

the base metal surface caused by tensile stresses in thickness direction is called

A] Lamination B] Plane-breaking crack C] Lamellar tearing D] Stress corrosion crack

Q.3 Slag inclusion” is not found in welding performed by

A] SMAW B] SAW C] FCAW D] GMAW

Q.4 Most applicable method for sub-surface porosity is A] UT B] PT C] ET D] RT Q.5 VT is most conveniently performed placing an eye

A] within 6” – 24” with angle less than 30° with the surface B] within 6’’-24’’ with angle not less than 30° with surface C] beyond 24’’ with angle less than 30° D] beyond 24’’with angle not less than 30°

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Q.6 A clear radiography film has density of A] 4 b] 0 c] 2 d] infinity Q.7 In UT examination,

A] A- scan shows cross-sectional elevation view B] B- scan shows cross-sectional elevation view C] C-scan shows cross-sectional elevation view D] None of above

Q.8 Steels with CE greater than 0.55% typically require:

A] Preheating only B] Pre-heating & PWHT C] No pre- heating or PWHT D] PWHT only

Q.9 A method to assure that PWHT was performed satisfactorily is

A] Hardness testing of weld & HAZ B] Radiography of weld &HAZ C] PT or MT of weld &HAZ D] UT of weld & haz

Q.10 Welding process that has very high metal deposition rate is

A] SMAW B] GTAW C] GMAW D] SAW

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Answer key EXAM 9 EXTRA

Q. NO. ANSWER 1 B 2 C 3 D 4 D 5 B 6 B 7 B 8 B 9 A 10 D

PRACTICE QUESTIONS-Closed Book (API 571)

Q.1 If alloy steels have undergone “temper embrittlement” , the appropriate testing to confirm the same is:

a. Hardness testing b. Impact testing c. Ductility testing d. Tensile strength testing

Q.2 Common way to minimize temper embrittlement is to limit

a. ‘J’ factor for weld metal. b. ‘X’ factor for base metal. c. ‘J’ factor for base & ‘X’ factor for weld metal. d. ‘X’ factor for base & ‘J’ factor for weld metal

Q.3 Reduction in likelihood of brittle fracture can be obtained by performing

a. Impact testing b. Hydrostatic testing c. PWHT d. Pneumatic testing

Q.4 Thermal fatigue cracks usually are

a. Branching, Transgranular and initiate from within the material. b. Dagger shaped, intergranular and initiate form within the material. c. Dagger shaped, oxide filled and initiate form the surface. d. Dagger shaped, clean and intergranular.

Q.5 Erosion/Corrosion mitigation can be achieved by

a. Increasing the pipe diameter to decrease velocity b. Increasing surface hardness by using harder alloys or hard facing c. Using corrosion resistant alloys d. All of the above.

Q.6 “Clam shell” type crack failure having concentric rings called “beach marks” showing “waves” of crack propagation is typically the description of

a. Fatigue cracks. b. Creep cracks. c. Stress corrosion cracks.

d. Hydrogen induced cracks. Q.7 Resistance to sulphidation is generally achieved by

a. Upgrading to higher nickel alloys b. Upgrading to higher chromium alloys c. Upgrading to higher copper based alloys d. All of the above.

Q.8 Characteristic SCC in Austenitic S.S. generally will be

a. Transgranular, branching and aggravated by reduced temperature below ambient temperature.

b. Intergranular and unidirectional (straight) and aggravated by increasing temperature

c. Independent of chloride content d. None of the above

Q.9 Identify the correct statement (s)

a. SSC is aggravated due to wet H2S b. Hydrogen blistering may occur on I.D, O.D, or any where within wall

thickness of the pressure vessel. c. High hardness & High strength steels are more likely to undergo damage

due to wet H2S compared to low strength/ low hardness steels d. All of the above are correct statements

Q.10 High temperature hydrogen attack is typically due to

a. Methane gas formation. b. Wet H2S formation c. Temper embrittlement d. Presence of Molybdenum in alloy steels.