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5th World Water Forum
Challenges Facing China and the Way Ahead
CHEN Lei
Minister of Water Resources
People’s Republic of China
March 20, 2009
Ensuring Adequate Infrastructure to Meet Agricultural, Energy and Urban and Rural needs
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Water: The Origin of Life
WATERBasic Natural
Resource
StrategicEconomicResource
Important Control Factor of Ecological Environment
More…
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Water Storage Facilities
flows
randomly
with uneven temporal and spatial distribution
WATER Construction of water storage facilities: necessary
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International Cooperation: Important
Ensuring Adequate Infrastructure to Meet
Agricultural, Energy and Urban and Rural needs
WWF
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Uneven Water Distribution in China
• mm
• 800
• 400
• 200
• 200• 400• 800
Uneven: in space
Uneven: in time
NorthSouth
…Jan…May…Aug…Oct…Nov…
Annual Rainfall in China
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Storage Facilities: Multi-Functional
WaterStorageFacilities
Water Supply
Flood Control Irrigation
Power GenerationMore…
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Hydro Projects: Being Built and Functioning…
Three Gorges Project
Xiaolangdi Project
Longtan RCC Dam
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Hydro Projects: Being Built and Functioning…Completed Dams: 85,400Storage Capacity: 634.5 billion m3
Annual Water Supply: 659.1 billion m3
= Dams
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Dangerous Dams: Repaired & Reinforced
Dams repaired and reinforced:
3,733
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Small and Mini Rain Collection Projects
4.2 million: for drinking
Water Storage Facilities
7 million: for irrigation
for 5 million ha woodland and grassland
22 million: benefited population
43 million ha: irrigated area
Pools
Water Cellars
Small Reservoirs
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Hydropower: Environmental Benefits
Coal Use Reduced:326 million tons
CO2 Emission Reduced:820 million tonsSO2 Emission Reduced: 570,000 tons
Hydropower Installed Capacity in China (GW)
Energy Portfolio:
Optimized
Environment:
Improved
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Small Hydro in Rural Areas
Installed Capacity: 59.69 GW
Benefited Population: 300 million
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China Miracle
Freshwater Farmland Population0%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
6% 9%21%
Rest of the WorldChina
With 6% of globe’s freshwater and 9% of farmland, China feeds 21% of world’s population.
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Challenges Facing China
Weak Water Infrastructures
Lagging IWRM
Intensifying Global WarmingUneven Water Distribution
…
More Water Storage Facilities
Needed!
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The To-Do List
Reinforce ill-conditioned reservoirsConstruct major water conservancy projectsBuild medium, small and mini water facilities
Develop hydro power
Energy Securit
y
Environment
Protection
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Human Orientation
Man-Nature Harmonious CoexistenceSustainable Development
1
2
3
Rational development Efficient utilization Comprehensive Control Optimum distribution Effective protection Scientific management
Philosophies of Water Management
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Actions and Aims
To coordinate dams of various sizes
To conserve & protect water
To protect ecology and environment
To protect interests of reservoir immigrants
To emphasize project development & management
To focus on innovation and application
Water-saving and pollution-controlling
Ecological civilization
Sustainable socioeconomic development in reservoir area
Quality, safety and efficiency
Maximum overall benefits
Technological progress and
application
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World Hand in Hand
Sharing Experience & Lessons
Promoting Exchange & Cooperation
Meeting Challenges Jointly
CHINA
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