5-1 Energy Flow in Ecosystems

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A. Life Depends on the Sun

• 1. Organisms use sunlight to make sugar by the process of photosynthesis.

A. Life Depends on the Sun

A. Life Depends on the Sun

• 2. Energy gets transferred from producers, or autotrophs (make their food), to consumers, or heterotrophs (eat other organisms).

Organize: Start with organism that gets energy from sun at the bottom then move up!

• Organisms: Mouse, Caterpillar, Grass, Snake, Hawk

• Labels: Producer, Autotroph, Heterotroph, First Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer(Top Carnivore)

A. Life Depends on the Sun

• 3. An exception are the organisms living in the deep ocean where light does not reach.

A. Life Depends on the Sun

• 4. Deep-ocean communities get energy from consuming bacteria (they use hydrogen sulfide to make food).

video

B. What Eats What

• 1. Herbivores eat plants.

B. What Eats What

• 2. Carnivores eat other animals.

B. What Eats What

• 3. Omnivores eat both plants and animals.

B. What Eats What• 4. Decomposers break down dead organisms

(include bacteria and fungi).

Brainstorm (2 of each)

• Herbivore• Carnivore• Omnivore• Decomposer

C. Cellular Respiration

• 1. Breaking down carbohydrates (sugars) to get energy is called cellular respiration (happens in organisms cells).

C. Cellular Respiration

D. Energy Transfer

• 1. When organisms consume each other, energy is transferred.

D. Energy Transfer• 2. A food chain is the path of energy transfer

from one organism to the next as it is consumed.

Quick Activity!

• Each paper has the name of an organism. Find 3 other people to form a food chain with!

• When you complete your group of 4, Find a table to sit down at.

D. Energy Transfer

• 3. A food web includes more organisms than a food chain and shows their feeding relationships.

Quick Activity!

• Food Web!• Using the same cards lets make a class food

web using yarn!• Start with the sun, move to plants, move to

herbivores, finish with carnivores!

D. Energy Transfer

• 4. Each step of energy transfer is called a trophic level.

D. Energy Transfer• 5. Energy pyramids visualize the loss of energy

between trophic levels.

Quick Demo!

• Energy Loss!

D. Energy Transfer

• 6. Only 10% of the available energy is able to pass to the next trophic level, the other 90% is lost as heat.

Project:

• Make an energy pyramid