Upload
ledan
View
228
Download
3
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
PROCEEDINGSEditor '. Noboru Masuko
4th International Conferenceon
Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet
GALVATECH98
September 20-23,1998
Makuhari, Chiba, Japan
The (iron and §tee\ institute of Japan
CONTENTS
Opening Lectures
Sl-l The Future of Surface Treatment Technology 3N. MasukoChiba Institute of Technology, Japan
Sl-2 New Zinc-Coated Steels and Their Processing Technologies in Japan 14T. AsamuraNippon Steel Corporation, Japan
S2-1 Future Trends of Steel Products from the Viewpoint of Global Environmentin Europe 22
P. PichantSOLLAC, France
S2-2 Future Tends of Steel Products from a North American Viewpoint on the GlobalEnvironment and Recycling 31
F. E. GoodwinInternational Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc., U. S. A.
S2-3 Requirements and Production the Galvanizing Steel Sheet in China '97 39H. Z. ChenShanghai Hot Dip Galvanizing Engineering Association, China
Sessions A
A l Special Lectures-1New Production Technologies for Cost Reduction
Al-1 The North American View on Improving the Efficiency of the Manufactureand Use of Zinc-Coated Steels 47
J. R. Hiam*, S. G. Denner**, J. E. Hood***, R. G. Leonard***** LTV Steel Company, Inc., U. S. A., ** National Steel Corporation, U. S. A.,*** Stelco, Inc., Canada, **** USS Corporation, U. S. A.
Al-2 Cost Reduction Technology of Zinc Coated Steel Sheets in Japan 56N. HayashiNisshin Steel Co., Ltd., Japan
Al-3 Expectation for Automotive Coated Steel Sheet in View of Cost and GlobalSupplyability Needs 64
S. SugimotoToyota Motor Corporation, Japan
Al-4 Request on Zinc Coated Steel Sheets for Household Appliances 70T. MasudaMitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan
A2 Zinc Bath Management-1
A2-1 Keynote LectureProgress in Development of Galvanizing Bath Management Tools 76
N. Y. Tang*, M. Dubois**, F. E. Goodwin**** Cominco Ltd., Canada, ** Cockerill Sambre, Belgium,*** International Lead Zinc Research Organization, Inc., U. S. A.
A2-2 Keynote LectureThermochemical Stability and Precipitation Behavior of Dross Phases in CGL Bath 84
S. YamaguchiNagoya Institute of Technology, Japan
A2-3 Numerical Modeling of Fluid Flow Patterns in a Continuos Galvanizing Bath 90M. Gagne*, M. Gaug*** Noranda Technology Centre, * * Maya Heat Transfer Technologies, Canada
A2-4 Development of Dross Control Methods in a Continuous Galvanizing Potby Numerical Bath Flow Analyses 96
K. Otsuka, M. Arai, S. KasaiKawasaki Steel Corporation, Japan
A2-5 The Use of Pre-Melt Pot Technology to Reduce Dross Defects on Hot DipGalvannealed Steel Sheet 102
L. Zhang*, S. G. Denner*, S. Furuichi*, J. L. Woytowicz*, M. Takahashi**, H. Naemura**** National Steel Corporation, U. S. A., ** ProCoil Corporation, U. S. A.,*** DNN Galvanizing Corporation, Canada
A3 Galvanized Steel Sheet-1
A3-1 Keynote LectureProduction Technologies of Hot-Dip Zinc-Aluminum Alloy Coated Steel Sheet 108
T. HadaDaido Steel Sheet Corporation, Japan
,***A3-2 The Surface Topography of Hot-Dip Galfan Coatings 115
R. D. Jones*, R. Trinick*, J. Wolstenholme*, S. T. Bluni**, A. R. Marder** North East Wales Institute, U. K., ** Kenyon and Kenyon, U. S. A.,
Lehigh University, U. S. A.** *
A3-3 Changing Behavior from Fe-Zn Intermetallic Compounds to Al-Fe IntermetallicCompounds in Molten Zn-0.2mass% Al Alloy Bath 121
Y. Uchida*, A. Komatsu*, A. Andoh*, K. Yamakawa*** Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd., ** University of Osaka Prefecture, Japan
A3-4 Initial Stage of Reaction between Sheet Steel and Molten Zn-0.2mass%Al Alloy Bath 127
A. Komatsu*, Y. Uchida*, A. Andoh*, K. Yamakawa*** Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd., ** University of Osaka Prefecture, Japan
II
A4 Galvanized Steel Sheet-1
A4-1 Reaction Mechanisms during Hot Dip Galvanizing: Effect of Phosphorouson Coating Development 133
Y. Lepretre, J. M. MataigneSOLLAC, France
A4-2 Short Time Investigation of Hot Dip Galvanizing of Steel under ControlledHydrodynamics 141
P. Toussaint*, L. Segers*, R. Winand*, M. Dubois*** Universite Libre de Bruxelles, ** Cockerill Sambre, Belgium
A4-3 Formation of Al-Zn-Si Coatings on Low Carbon Steel Substrates 147Y. Durandet*, L. Strezov*, N. Ebrill*** BHP Research, ** University of Newcastle, Australia
A5 Galvannealed Steel Sheet-1
A5-1 Microstructural Evolution during Galvannealing. Part I: Formation and Breakdownof the Fe-Al Inhibition Layer 153
E. T. McDevitt*, Y. Morimoto**, M. Meshii** Northwestern University, U. S. A., ** Nippon Steel Corporation, Japan
A5-2 Microstructural Evolution during Galvannealing. Part II: Formation and Growthof the Fe-Zn Intermetallic Compounds 161
E. T. McDevitt, M. MeshiiNorthwestern University, U. S. A.
A5-3 Effect of Process Parameters on Inhibition Breakdown Mechanisms during Hot DipGalvannealing 168
E. Baril*, G. L'Esperance**, E. Boutin*** Noranda Technology Centre, ** Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Canada
A5-4 Nucleation and Growth of Gamma Phases ( r and l~ 1) in a GalvannealedInterstitial Free Steel 174
A. T. Alpas*, J. Inagaki*** University of Windsor, Canada, ** NKK Corporation, Japan
A6 Galvannealed Steel Sheet-1
A6-1 Influence of Carbide-Forming-Elements in Substrate Steels on GalvannealingBehavior 180
N. Fujibayashi, K. Kyono, C. Kato, N. MoritoKawasaki Steel Corporation, Japan
A6-2 Influence of Alloying Elements in Steel on Galvannealing Behaviorof Interstitial-Free (IF)Steels 185
A. Miyasaka, K. MatsumuraNippon Steel Corporation, Japan
A6-3 Influence of Strip Temperature, Dipping Time and Al Content on the Inhibition LayerFormation on TiNb+P IF High Strength Steels in Continuous Galvanizing 190
I. Hertveldt, L. VandenBerghe, B. C. De CoomanUniversity of Ghent, Belgium
III
A7 Galvannealed Steel Sheet-1
A7-1 In-Situ Observation of Galvannealing Reaction Using an Image Plate 197Y. Morimoto, M. Kurosaki, M. Kimura, M. ImafukuNippon Steel Corporation, Japan
A7-2 Depression of Intergranular Zinc Diffusion along Coincidence Fe Grain Boundariesin Diffusional Fe/Zn Couples 202
Y. Adachi, A. SekiSumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Japan
A7-3 Influence of Substrate Topography on the Formation of Iron Zinc Phasesand the Properties of Galvanneal Coatings 208
S. P. Carless*, B. D. Jeffs**, V. Randle** University of Wales, ** Welsh Technology Centre, U.K.
A7-4 Modeling the Isothermal and Nonisothermal Kinetics of Iron Enrichment in Hot-DipGalvanneal Coatings on IF Steel Sheets 215
P. R. Rios*, U. R. Seixas*** Universidade Federal Fluminense, ** Companhia Sideriirgica Nacional, Brazil
A8 Galvannealed Steel Sheet-2
A8-1 Effect of Si in Steel on Hot-Dip Galvanizing and Galvannealing 221M. Hori, T. Nakamori, N. Usuki, T. Toki, M. AraiSumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Japan
A8-2 Galvannealing Behavior of High Strength ULC Sheet Steels 226J. S. Kim, J. H. ChungPohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., Korea
A8-3 Properties of Galvannealed Coatings on TiNb IF Steels, Strengthenedwith Manganese 230
I. Hertveldt, B. C. De CoomanUniversity of Ghent, Belgium
A9 Galvannealed Steel Sheet-2
A9-1 Interfacial Shear Strength Measurement and Failure Initiation of Hot-DipGalvanized Steel Sheet at Various Heat-Treatment Conditions 236
Y.LinChung-Hua University, Taiwan
A9-2 Influence of Substrate Roughness on the Microstructure and Mechanical Propertyof Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Sheets 242
Y.LinChung-Hua University, Taiwan
A9-3 Mechanical Properties of the £ Intermetallic Compound in the Fe-Zn System 248M. H. Hong, H. SakaNagoya University, Japan
IV
A9-4 The Structure and Deformation Behavior of Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings 254C. Maeda*, H. Fujisawa**, J. Shimomura***, M. Konishi**** Kawasaki Steel Corporation, ** Kawatetsu Galvanizing Co., Ltd.,*** Kawatetsu Techno-Research Co., Ltd., Japan
A10 Galvanized Steel Sheet-2
A10-1 Effect of Steel Surface Chemistry Modifications on Hot Dip Fe-Zn-Al Reactivity 260L. Bordignon, J. F. Willem, J. P. Servais, M. LamberigtsCentre de Recherches Metallurgiques (CRM), Belgium
A10-2 Development of Hot-Dip 55 % Aluminum-Zinc Alloy Coating Processby Flux Method 266
S. Higuchi, S. Nakano, T. Aishima, S. KobayashiNihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd., Japan
A l l Thin Organic Coating
All-1 Keynote LectureNew Functional Treatment for Electrogalvanized Steel Sheets 272
T. IchidaKawasaki Steel Corporation, Japan
All-2 Keynote LectureThin Organic Coatings. New Developments 280
L. M. CondeProcoat Tecnologias, S.L., Spain
All-3 Thin Organic Composite Coated Steel Sheet for Electrical Appliances 284T. Kubota, K. Sasaki, Y. Sugimoto, M. Yamashita, M. SagiyamaNKK Corporation, Japan
A12 Prepainted Steel Sheets and Environmental Recycling
A12-1 Keynote LectureNew Functional Painting for Prepainted Steel Sheet Products 290
K. Sakai, T. NomuraNippon Paint Co., Ltd., Japan
A12-2 Properties of Prepainted Steel Sheets for Home Appliances 296K. Yoshida, T. Anyashiki, K. Sasaki, M. YamashitaNKK Corporation, Japan
A12-3 A New Coil Coatings System Using Blocked Carboxylic Acid/Epoxide Reaction 300H. Mizutani, F. Ito, S. Aoki, M. IshidoyaNOF Corporation, Japan
A12-4 Keynote lectureA Recap of the Steel Industry's Efforts to Promote and Sustain Recyclingin North America 306
W. M. Heenan Jr.Steel Recycling Institute, U. S. A.
A12-5 Zinc Coated Steel Recycling: Situation and Outlook in the European Union 311P. Beguin*, C. Rome**, B. Gros***, A. Matthews****, G. Crocq****** European Zinc & Alloy Coated Steel Association,** Zinc Coated Steel Recycling European WG, *** Usinor, **** British Steel,***** International Zinc Association, Europe
A12-6 Powder Coil Coating an Alternative to Liquid Coil Coating 321R. MichaelisSMS Schloemann-Siemag AG, Germany
Sessions B
Bl Special Lectures-2Coated Steel Sheets for Housing
Bl-1 Residential Steel Framing: Building a Better North American Home 329K. M. de Souza*, M. N. Meyers*** Dofasco Inc., Canada, ** U. S. Steel Corporation, U. S. A.
Bl-2 Performance of 55 % Al-Zn Coated Steel Sheets Used for Residential Housesin Australia 337
D. J. WillisBHP Co., Ltd., Australia
Bl-3 Present Situations of Steel Houses in Japan 343Y. SakumotoThe Kozai Club, Japan
B2 Special Lectures-2Coated Steel Sheets for Housing
B2-1 Steel-Framed Housing Developments in Europe 351A. W. HumphreysBritish Steel Strip Products, U. K.
B2-2 Corrosion and Corrosion Prevention Technologies of Prefabricated House 357J. HondaDaiwa House Industry Co., Ltd., Japan
B2-3 Corrosion Evaluation for Zinc-Coated Steel Sheet in Residential Housing 363S. TsujikawaThe University of Tokyo, Japan
B3 Corrosion
B3-1 Keynote LectureNew Electrochemical Techniques for Corrosion Studies of Galvanized Steels 371
T. Tsuru*, A. Nishikata*, K. Noda*' *** Tokyo Institute of Technology, ** National Research Institute for Metals, Japan
B3-2 Application of Scanning Electrochemical Techniques to Study the Degradation ofCoil-Coated Steel 376
D. Thierry, F. ZouSwedish Corrosion Institute, Sweden
VI
B3-3 ECM (Edge Corrosion Monitor) Sensor for Evaluation of Edge Corrosionof Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheets 382
T. Shinohara, Z. Wu, S. TsujikawaThe University of Tokyo, Japan
B3-4 In Situ Visualization of Surface Reactivity on the Cut Edge ofGalvanized Steel Products 388
K. Ogle, R. Nicolle, L. Garrigues, H. Lavelaine, V. BauduIRSID, France
B4 Corrosion
B4-1 In-Situ Corrosion Monitoring of Steel Flamed House by Using ACMSensors with a Fe-Ag Galvanic Couple 394
I. Kage, S. FujitaNKK Corporation, Japan
B4-2 Corrosion Resistance of Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum Alloy Coated SteelSheets Used for Steel-Framed House 399
H. Nomura*, M. Matsumoto**, H.Tozaki*, M. Yamamoto**, S. Tsujikawa**** Nippon Steel Corporation, ** Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd.,
; The University of Tokyo, Japan* * *
B4-3 Corrosion Behavior of Steel and Zinc in Cyclic Corrosion Tests 404M. MatsumotoSumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Japan
B4-4 Corrosion Testing of Steel and Zinc 410X. G. Zhang, J. Hwang, W. K. WuCominco Ltd., Canada
B5 Corrosion
B5-1 Keynote LectureAtmospheric Corrosion of Galvanized Steel in Various Environments 416
F. I. WeiChina Steel Corporation, Taiwan
B5-2 Atmospheric Corrosion of Zinc Coated Steel under Wet-Dry CyclingConditions 421
G. A. EL-Mahdy*, A. Nishikata**, T. Tsuru*** Helwan University, Egypt, ** Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
B5-3 Weathering Test Results of Pre-Painted Galvanized Steel Sheets for aFive Year Period 427
M. Iwai, T. Saitou, H. Nakano, T. TanakaKobe Steel, Ltd., Japan
B6 Corrosion
B6-1 Anticorrosion in Atmospheric Exposure of Zn-Mg-Al Hot Dip GalvanizedSteel Sheet 433
H. Shindo, K. Nishimura, K. KatoNippon Steel Corporation, Japan
VII
B6-2 Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Zn-Mg-Al Hot-Dip GalvanizedSteel Sheet 437
K. Nishimura*, H. Shindo*, K. Kato*, Y. Morimoto*, S. Funaki*** Nippon Steel Corporation, ** Nittetu Techno Research, Japan
B6-3 Corrosion Resistance of Vapor-Deposited Zn-Mg Plated Steel Sheet 443Y. Fukui, H. Tanaka, M. Saito, T. DeguchiNisshin Steel Co., LTD., Japan
B7 Corrosion
B7-1 Keynote LectureCorrosion and Corrosion Protection Technologies of Metallic Roof and Wall 449
J.OkaNippon Steel Metal Products Co., Ltd., Japan
B7-2 Keynote LectureCoated Sheet Steel for Non-Residential Construction Applicationsin North America 455
D. W. Gomersall*. E. D. Melcher*** National Steel Corporation, ** Bethlehem Steel Corporation, U. S. A.
B7-3 Economical Application of Coated Steel Sheet for Non-Residential Constructionin North America 461
K. S. KimStar Building Systems, U. S. A.
B7-4 The Phosphated Galvanized Stainless Steel Sheet with Special Design Similarto Dark Gray Japanese Roofing Tile 467
H. Kawaguchi, T. KittakaNisshin Steel Co., Ltd., Japan
B7-5 Experimental Study of Stress Corrosion Cracking of a Galvanized Steel 473J. B. Vogt, G. Reumont, O. Moriau, J. FoctUniversite de Lille I, France
B8 Conversion Coating
B8-1 Keynote LectureProgress in Environmentally Friendly Chemical Conversion Coatings 479
S. MaedaParker Industries Inc., Japan
B8-2 Keynote LectureDevelopment of Chromium-Free Passivation and Pretreatment Systems • • •' 486
P. SchubachChemetall GmbH, Germany
B8-3 Effective Trivalent Chromate for Galvanized Steel Sheet 487H. J. KimPOSCO, Korea
B8-4 Properties of Newly Developed Dry-In-Place Chromate Coated Steel Sheet 492A. Matsuzaki, T. Yamaji, M. YamashitaNKK Corporation, Japan
VIII
B9 Electrogalvanized Steel Sheets
B9-1 Keynote LectureElectrodeposition Mechanism of Zinc and Zinc Alloys 497
H. FukushimaKyushu University, Japan
B9-2 Electrodeposition Behavior of Zinc Alloys with Iron-Group Metals in thePresence of Catalyst 503
M. Yano*, W. Maw Soe*, T. Ohgai*, T. Akiyama**, H. Fukushima** Kyusyu University, ** Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan
B9-3 Effect of Additives on Zn-Ni Codeposition in Chloride Bath 509Y. S. Jin*, T. Y. Kim*, H. T. Kim*, K. Y. Kim*** Pohang Iron & Steel Co,. Ltd., **Pohang University of Science andTechnology, Korea
B9-4 An Interfacial Approach of Composite Zinc Plating 515D. Aslanidis*, J. Fransaer*, J. P. Celis*, U. Meers**, L. Renard**** Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, ** Sidmar-OCAS,*** Cockerill-Sambre, Belgium
BIO Electrogalvanized Steel Sheets
B10-1 In-Situ Observation of Zinc Electrodeposition Using Synchrotron RadiationX-Ray Diffraction 521
M. Kurosaki, M. Imafuku, K. KawasakiNippon Steel Corporation, Japan
B10-2 Crystal Growth and Atomic Force Microscopy Observation of Zinc andZinc-Alloy Electrodeposits 526
K. Kondo, Z. Tanaka, G. OdamaUniversity of Okayama, Japan
B10-3 In Situ Electrochemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Zinc andIron-Group Metal Single Crystals in Acidic Solutions 531
S. Ando*, T. Suzuki*, K. Itaya*** NKK Corporation, ** Tohoku University, Japan
B10-4 Crystal Structure of Electrodeposited Zn Alloy (Zn-Ni, Zn-Cr) CoatingsHaving r Like Phase 537
S. Hashimoto*, M. Nagoshi**, S. Ando*, T. Urakawa*, M. Sagiyama** NKK Corporation, ** Kokan Keisoku K. K., Japan
B10-5 Structure and Properties of ZnNi Alloy Electrodeposited Sheet Steel 542C. S. Lin*, H. B. Lee*, S. H. Hsieh*** Da-Yeh University, ** China Steel Corporation, Taiwan
B l l Electrogalvanized Steel Sheets
Bll-1 Effect of Crystal Orientation on Properties of Zinc Electroplated Steel Sheets 547K. Ishii, M. Kimoto, A. YakawaSumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Japan
IX
Bll-2 Diffusible Hydrogen of Electrogalvanized Steel 553F. Yuse, T. NakayamaKobe Steel, Ltd., Japan
Bll-3 Development of Zn-Ni Coated Steel Sheet for Fuel Tank 558H. Kashiwagi, S. Tsuchiya, H. Nagai, K. Fukui, N. KimiwadaSumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Japan
Bll-4 Solderability of Electrogalvanized Steel Sheet 564N. Shinohara, J. Fujimoto, M. Yoshikawa, K. Koike, K. KandaToyo Kohan Co., Ltd., Japan
Bll-5 Characteristics of Zn-Co-Cr-AI2O3 Composite Coated Steel Sheet 570H. Nakakoji, K. MochizukiKawasaki Steel Corporation, Japan
Sessions C
Cl Forming
Cl-1 Keynote LectureRoll-Forming of Coated Steel Sheets for Housing 577
M. KiuchiThe University of Tokyo, Japan
Cl-2 Experience of HDG Products for Automotive Outer Panels at FrenchCar Makers 583
D. Quantin*, M. Babbit*, B. Chardon**, M. Cherault**** SOLLAC, ** PSA, *** Renault, France
Cl-3 Strain State and Microstructure Effects on Formability of GalvannealedSheet Steels 589
R. VenkataramanBethlehem Steel Corporation, U. S. A.
Cl-4 Stone Chipping Resistance, Press Behavior and Coating Roughness ofGalvannealed IF Steels 597
J. Hamers, A. van der Heiden, W. van Koesveld, J. P. SchoenHoogovens, The Netherlands
C2 Forming
C2-1 Effect of Coating Characteristics on Powdering Performance ofGalvanneal Coatings 603
W. Zhong, H. F. Ng, M. IchikawaDofasco Inc., Canada
C2-2 Origins of Improved Forming Performance of PrephosphatedGalvannealed Sheet Steels 608
N. D. Kunde, G. M. Michal, J. H. PayerCase Western Reserve University, U. S. A.
C2-3 Characteristics of Prephosphated Galvannealed Steel Sheet 614H. Irie, T. Yamamoto, H. Nakano, M. SimizuKobe Steel, Ltd., Japan
X
C2-4 Properties of a Newly Developed Galvannealed Steel Sheet with Ni-baseInorganic Lubricant Film 620
M. Sakurai, Y. Yamasaki, S. Hashimoto, S. Inoue, A. Hiraya, T. Urakawa, J. InagakiNKK Corporation, Japan
C2-5 The Influence of Dry Film Lubricants on the Application Properties ofCoated Sheet Steel 626
A. De Boeck, J. Scheers, F. Lambert, C. De MareOCAS N.V., Belgium
C3 Zinc Bath Management-2
C3-1 The Al Pick Up Variations on Industrial Galvanizing Sheets 634M. DuboisCockerill Sambre, Belgium
C3-2 Validation Studies of the Numerical Simulation of Flow in the BethlehemSteel, Burns Harbor Galvanizing Bath 642
F. Ajersch*, C. Binet*, F. E. Goodwin**, K. S. Turke***, P. S. Kolisnyk***** Ecole Polytechnique, Canada, ** International Lead Zinc Research Organization, U. S. A.,*** Bethlehem Steel Corporation, U. S. A, **** Cominco Limited, Canada
C3-3 Application of Mixing Models to Evaluate the Transport of Aluminumin a Continuous Galvanizing Bath 648
C. Binet, F. AjerschEcole Polytechnique, Canada
C3-4 Predicting Aluminum Level of Continuous Galvanizing Baths 654N. Y. TangCominco Ltd., Canada
C4 Automotive Industry
C4-1 Keynote LectureDevelopment of Laboratory Corrosion Tests by the Automotive and Steel Industriesof North America 659
H. E. Townsend*, D. D. Davidson**, M. R. Ostermiller**** Bethlehem Steel Corporation, ** Chrysler Corporation,*** General Motors Corporation, U. S. A.
C4-2 Development of Accelerated Corrosion Test for the Automobile Industry 667L. Bourdeau*, A. Jussiaume**, A. Bello** SOLLAC, ** Renault, France
C4-3 Electrochemical Sensors to Measure the Degradation of AutomotiveMaterials during Accelerated Corrosion Tests 672
D. ThierrySwedish Corrosion Institute, Sweden
C5 Automotive Industry
C5-1 Keynote LectureAdvancements in Automotive Corrosion Resistance 678
M. R. Ostermiller, L. L. Piepho, L. Singer, L. RaymondGeneral Motors Corporation, U. S. A.
XI
C5-2 Keynote LectureCorrosion Behavior of Zinc Coated Steel Sheets on Automobile 686
S. FujitaNKK Corporation, Japan
C5-3 Corrosion Performance of Galvanneal Sheet Steel as a Function ofCoating Weight 692
K. C. Chou, T. C. Simpson, J. D. HoffmanBethlehem Steel Corporation, U. S. A.
C6 Automotive Industry
C6-1 Pinholing Mechanisms during Cataphoretic Painting of GalvannealedSteel Sheets 697
J. M. Mataigne, J. HouzielSOLLAC, France
C6-2 Prepainted Steel Sheet for the Automotive Industry 703F. M. Androsch, K. Kosters, K. H. StellnbergerVOEST- ALPINE STAHL LINZ GmbH, Austria
C6-3 Control of Steel Surface Appearance after Painting: Application to Hot DipGalvanized Products 709
H. Jacobs, H. Derule, F. BugnardSOLLAC, France
C6-4 Thin Organic Coating Applications for Automotive Body 715A. Lerouge, C. Le Gal, D. ConstantSOLLAC, France
C7 New Coating Line Technologies-1
C7-1 Upgrading Hot Dip Galvanizing Lines 722A. Kapellner*, A. Angerbauer*, L. Schonberger*** VOEST-ALPINE INDUSTRIEANLAGENBAU GmbH,** VOEST-ALPINE STAHL LINZ GmbH, Austria
C7-2 Introduction of New Technology to the HDG-Line No. 2 of VOEST-ALPINESTAHL LINZ 728
J. Faderl, L. Schonberger, W. Fischer, M. PimmingerVOEST-ALPINE STAHL LINZ GmbH, Austria
C7-3 Leak Detection on a Hot-Dipped Galvanizing Line 734A. Gaggioli*, G. Zander**, C. Deutsch**, P. Fatrez**, A. Lerouge*** IRSID, ** SOLLAC, France
C7-4 Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Steel Strip by the Vertical Process 739K. Frommann*, V. A. Paramonov*** Mannesmann Demag AG Metallurgy, Germany,** I. P. Bardin Central Research Institute of Iron and Steel Industry, Russia
C7-5 Combination MINI-LINEP®.C.G.L./C.C.L of Maghreb Tubes: EconomicAdvantage of the Concept 745
M. Boyer*, M. Sekkat el Fadel*** Stein Heurtey, France, ** Maghreb Tubes, Morocco
XII
C8 New Coating Line Technologies-2
C8-1 Wiping by Electromagnetic Techniques in Hot Dip Galvanizing 751M. Malmendier, J. Crahay, J. F. Noville, S. WilmotteCentre de Recherches Metallurgiques(CRM), Belgium
C8-2 A New Air Knife System with Adjustable Lip Gaps for Hot Dip Galvanizing 757H. Iwamoto, A. Yamauchi, Y. Hasegawa, T. IsonoSumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Japan
C8-3 Zinc Coatings on Steel by Advanced PVD Techniques 763L. Guzman, M. Adami, E. VoltoliniUniversity of Trento, Italy
C9 New Coating Line Technologies-2
C9-1 New Insoluble Anode for High-Speed Galvanizing Line 768R. Otogawa*, K. Soda*, S. Yamauchi*, M. Morimitsu**, M. Matsunaga*** Daiso Co., Ltd., ** Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan
C9-2 Improved Circumferential Technology for High PerformanceElectrogalvanized Steel Sheets 772
S. Prati*, C. Raggio*, L. Ulivieri*, V. Ghisolfi**, M. Podrini**, S. Ramundo*** Techint SpA, ** Centra Sviluppo Materiali SpA, Italy
CIO Welding
C10-1 Keynote LectureArc Welding Technologies of Galvanized Steel Sheet for Automotive Underbody 778
H. Matsui*,H. Oikawa*** Toyota Motor Corporation, ** Nippon Steel Corporation, Japan
C10-2 Weldbonded Zinc Coated Steel Structures Feasibility and Properties 785P. Charbonnet, A. Clad, H. Di Fant Jaeckels, J. L. ThirionSOLLAC, France
Cll Surface and Structural Analysis
Cll-1 Keynote LectureMicrostructural Development of Galvanneal Coatings 791
M. MeshiiNorthwestern University, U. S. A.
Cll-2 Formation of £ Phase at an Interface between Fe and Zn (Al): Cross-Sectional TEMObservation of Multilayer Structures of Galvanized and Galvannealed Steels 797
T. Kato, K. Nunome, H. SakaNagoya University, Japan
Cll-3 In Situ TEM Observation of Reactions between Fe and Molten Zn (Al) 803T. Kato*, K. Nunome*, Y. Morimoto**, K. Nishimura**, N. Kato***, H. Saka** Nagoya University, ** Nippon Steel Corporation, *** IBM, Japan
XIII
Cll-4 Effect of Grain Boundary Structures in £ Crystals on GalvanizingReaction on Fe-P Alloy 807
Y. Adachi, M. AraiSumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Japan
Cll-5 On the Division of <S ,-Pahse into 8 lp and <Slk 813M. H. Hong, T. Kato, H. SakaNagoya University, Japan
Cll-6 Element Distribution of Aluminum and Lead in Hot-Dip GalvanizedCoatings and their Influences on the Coating Properties 819
B. Schuhmacher*, M. Koster**, M. Meurer*, D. Sommer** Thyssen Krupp Stahl AG,** IFU Institut fur Umformtechnik der mittelstandischen Wirtschaft GmbH, Germany
C12 Surface and Structural Analysis
C12-1 Self-Learning Defect Classification and its Application in the Steel Industry 825T. Fong, M. Jones, M. StraforiniCognex Corporation, U. S. A.
C12-2 Characterization of Ripples in Liquid State by Means of Optical Techniques • 833M. Dubois*, M. Arnalsteen**, M. L. Riethmuller**, J. M. Buchlin*** Cockerill Sambre, ** von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics, Belgium
C12-3 Characterization of Sag Lines on Lead-Free Hot-Dip Galvanized Coating 839B. Colinet*, L. Renard*, M. Dubois*, P. Bourgeois*** Cockerill Sambre, Belgium, ** GALVAMEUSE, France
C12-4 The Causes and Prevention of Poor Appearance of Galvanized SteelSheets Produced from a Flux Bath 845
S. Maeda*, M. Yamamoto**, S. Arai**** Parker Industries Inc., ** Nippon Steel Corporation,*** Nittetsu Techno Research Co., Japan
XIV