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This paper is to be given out after Section A has beencollected in.
ADDITIONAL MATERIALS
Resource folder.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Use black ink or black ball-point pen.Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.Answer all parts of this question.Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.If additional space is required you should use the lined pages at the end of this booklet. The question number(s) should be clearly shown.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part-question.You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written communication used in your answer that involves extended writing (Part C).In addition, your ability to spell, punctuate and use grammar accurately will be assessed in your answer to Part C.
SJJ*(S16-4242-04)
Surname
Other Names
CandidateNumber
0
CentreNumber
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE
4242/04
GEOGRAPHY(Specification B)HIGHER TIERUNIT 2SECTION B
P.M. WEDNESDAY, 8 June 2016
1 hour 30 minutes
S16-4242-04
For Examiner’s use only
Part MaximumMark
MarkAwarded
A 25
B 21
C 14
SPaG 4
Total 64
2
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Examineronly
Part A
You are advised to spend about 30 minutes on this part.
This part introduces issues relating to national house building, green belts and brownfield sites.
(a) Study the graph below. It shows the number of houses built and the number of people waiting to be housed in England in each year between 1950 and 2010.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
This paper examines the issues around house building in the UK and asks you to decide which housing option is the most sustainable for the city of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Marks
Part A: Introduces issues relating to national house building, green belts and brownfield sites. 25
Part B: Explores housing issues in Newcastle upon Tyne. 21
Part C: Asks you to advise Newcastle upon Tyne City Council which housing option is best for the city. 14+4
Total marks 64
400 000
450 000
350 000
300 000
250 000
Num
ber o
f hou
ses
built
eac
h ye
ar
Year
200 000
150 000
100 000
50 000
0
1 600 000
1 800 000
1 400 000
1 200 000
1 000 000
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
wai
ting
to b
e ho
used
eac
h ye
ar
800 000
600 000
400 000
200 000
01950 1980 1990 2000
= Number of people waiting to be housed
= Number of houses built each year
20101960 1970
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3Examiner
only (i) Complete the graph using the following information: [2]
(ii) Compare changes in the number of houses built and the number of people waiting to be housed in England in each year between 1950 and 2010. Use figures in your answer. [3]
(iii) Use the graph to suggest how people waiting to be housed may have been affected both before and after 1995. [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
The number of houses built in 1988 240 000
The number of people waiting to be housed in 2010 1 700 000
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(b) Study the map on page 2 of the separate Resource Folder.
Use the map to describe the distribution of green belts in England. [3]
(c) Study the information on page 3 of the separate Resource Folder.
(i) In the table below tick (√) the statement that best defines “urban sprawl”. [1]
(ii) Suggest two benefits of green belts for people who live in urban areas. [4]
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The spread of towns and cities into villages
The spread of towns and cities into the countryside
The spread of towns and cities into other urban areas
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5Examiner
only (d) Study the information on page 4 of the separate Resource Folder.
For the two groups listed below, suggest why they may agree with the Government that new housing should be built on green belts. [4]
Group 1: construction companies
Group 2: landowners
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
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Examineronly
(e) Study the photographs on page 5 of the separate Resource Folder. They show brownfield sites.
The Government is also encouraging house building on brownfield sites.
(i) In the table below, tick (√) the definition that best defines a brownfield site. [1]
(ii) Explain how building houses in areas such as those shown in the photographs may be considered to be sustainable. [3]
End of Part A
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
tick (√)
Land available for building that has been previously built on
Land available for building that is already built on
Land available for building that has not been previously built on
25
BLANK PAGE
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Part B
You are advised to spend about 30 minutes on this part.
This part explores housing issues in Newcastle upon Tyne.
The population of Newcastle upon Tyne is increasing. The City Council needs to build 3 000 new family homes to meet demand.
(a) Study the map below. It shows the location of proposed sites on which to build new homes.
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I I
I
I I
I I
I I
I I I
I I
I I
I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
I I
I I I I I I I I I I I I I
I I
I I I I I I I
I I I
Northumberland North Tyneside
Newcastle upon TyneCallerton Park(a green belt site)
South Tyneside
River Tyne
MMM
M
MM
M M
M
M
M
MM
MM
MM M
M
M
M
MM M
Byker
Blakelaw
Denton
Dinnington
Airport
A696
B6324
A167
A69
A1
A1
A1
A167
A692
A694
A695A184
Woolsington
Throckley
Lemington
BenwellRyton
Westerhope
Walker Riverside(a brownfield site)
I I I I I I I
Newcastle upon Tyne CBD
KEY
Newcastle upon Tyne green belt
Existing built-up area
Settlements
Brownfield sites
Newcastle airport
Railway line
Metro line (rail)
Roads
M
0 5
N
km
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9Examiner
only Compare the locations of Callerton Park and Walker Riverside in Newcastle upon Tyne. [3]
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ExamineronlyCallerton Park – a green belt site
(b) Study the information on page 6 of the separate Resource Folder.
(i) Label the following features on the sketch map below. [2]
1. B6324 2. Woolsington village
(ii) Use map evidence to suggest why some residents living in the green belt near Callerton Park may object to the development of housing here. [6]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
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11Examiner
onlyWalker Riverside – a brownfield site
(c) Study the information on page 7 of the separate Resource Folder. Walker Riverside is one of a number of brownfield sites across Newcastle upon Tyne identified for house building.
(i) Complete the graph below using the following information. [2]
(ii) Suggest why people living in urban areas may object to housing developments on brownfield sites. [4]
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Transport needs
Industrial
Recreational
Shopping
Housing
Key:
Recreational Space 10%
Shopping 8%
Land Use at Walker Riverside (%)
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(d) Study the information on page 8 of the separate Resource Folder. It shows sustainable design features of new houses being built in Newcastle upon Tyne.
Choose two of the features and for each suggest why they may be considered to be sustainable. [4]
Feature 1:
Feature 2:
End of Part B
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
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(4242-04)© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Part C
You are advised to spend about 30 minutes on this part.
In this part you will advise Newcastle upon Tyne City Council which housing option is best for the city.
The options are:
• Build on green belt land at Callerton Park • Build on brownfield sites across the city such as Walker Riverside.
Use information from the Factfile on page 9 of the separate Resource Folder, from other parts of the paper or from your own knowledge.
Should you wish you can use the matrix on the next page to organise your ideas, but you should spend no more than 10 minutes completing the matrix.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Bui
ld o
n gr
een
belt
site
Bui
ld o
n br
ownf
ield
site
For
Agai
nst
Examineronly
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16Examiner
only
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Write a report to Newcastle upon Tyne City Council in which you advise which housing option is best for the city.
You should explain your choice of option and why you didn’t recommend the other option. You should also comment on the social, economic and environmental sustainability of your choice.
Marks for spelling, punctuation and the accurate use of grammar are allocated to this question.[14+4]
To Newcastle upon Tyne City Council
I am writing to advise you to:
I have chosen this option because:
Tick (√)
Build on green belt land at Callerton Park
Build on brownfield sites across the city such as Walker Riverside
14 4
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only
End of Part C
END OF PAPER
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
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18Examiner
onlyFor continuation only.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
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Examineronly
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
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SJJ*(S16-4242-04-A)© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
GCSE
4242/04-A
GEOGRAPHY(Specification B)RESOURCE FOLDER UNIT 2, SECTION BHIGHER TIER
P.M. WEDNESDAY, 8 June 2016
S16-4242-04A
RESOURCE FOLDERThis folder is for use with questions in Unit 2, Section B Higher Tier.
This folder need not be handed in with your answer book.
Where should Newcastle upon Tyne City Council build new housing?
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2
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
SCOTLAND
WALES
Newcastle upon Tyne
Green belt
YorkLeeds
Manchester
Nottingham
Birmingham Cambridge
London
OxfordCheltenham
Bristol
Bournemouth
Stoke-on-Trent
0 100km
N
Green belts in England 2010
Source: Landmark Information Group Ltd
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3
Green belts
• Green belts are areas of protected countryside.
• The purpose of green belts is to stop urban sprawl.
• Green belts include farmland, woodland, small towns and villages.
• England’s green belts cover 13% of the country.
• 90% of England’s population live in urban areas which are within green belts.
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Green belt land on the edge of a town
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The Government says:
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We may have to build on the green belt because:
• We need 3 million new homes by 2030.
• There is a great need for affordable housing.
• There may not be enough land elsewhere.
• Only a small proportion of homes are actually built in the green belt – in 2014 it was 1.6%.
• Building new homes will help our economy grow.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Examples of brownfield sites
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Callerton Park – a green belt site
Newcastle upon Tyne City Council want to build houses on the green belt in a development known as Callerton Park. This will also involve the building of a new road bypass.
N
0 1km
KEY
Existing built-up areas
Existing green belt
Newcastle International Airport
Golf course
Major roads
Proposed site of Callerton Park
Route of proposed by-pass
Metro line (rail)
A1
A1
A69
A696
A167
B6918A696
B6324
B6324
NewcastleInternational
Airport
CallertonVillage
WoolsingtonVillage
Airport Metro Station
Kingston Park
KentonNewbiggin Hall
Westerhope NewcastleCity Centre
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Walker Riverside regeneration project unveiled
© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Newcastle upon Tyne City Council is planning to redevelop derelict land in the Walker Riverside area of the city as part of its strategy to build 3 000 new homes in the city.
The Council wants to replace old disused industrial areas with a brand new housing development which will include shops, schools, and health services.
It is hoped that as brownfield sites such as Walker Riverside are redeveloped across the city, they will become the location of choice for families to live and work, now and in the future.
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
HOUSINGDESIGN FEATURES
Affordable housingFree loft insulationGreen space where possibleHigh rates of domesticwaste recyclingRecycled building materialsused where possibleShops, schools and servicesbuilt locally
Features of sustainable house design
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© WJEC CBAC Ltd.
Factfile
Build on green belt site
• The population of Newcastle upon Tyne in 2011 was 282 000. This is expected to increase to 314 000 by 2030.
• Building new homes in the Newcastle upon Tyne green belt could provide 22 000 local jobs.
• 15% of the homes to be built are for affordable rent or shared ownership.
• Building 3 000 family homes would lead to an increase in the number of children living in the area.
Build on brownfield site
• The Government is committed to building on brownfield sites as part of its National Sustainable Development Strategy.
• Industrial decline in Newcastle upon Tyne has caused some areas of the city to become derelict. These areas could be improved by new development.
• The farmland around Newcastle is high quality arable land.
• The Government is making £200 million available to support building on brownfield sites.
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