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4.1 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Storage types used by Windows Server 2003 Basic storage (divides a hard disk into partitions)Dynamic storage (divides a hard disk into volumes)
Basic disk supports the following types of partitionsPrimary partition – a physical unit of storage created on a
basic diskExtended partitions – created from free space that has not
yet been partitioned
(Skill 1)
Introducing Storage Types
4.2 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Dynamic disks support the following types of volumes Simple volume – consists of disk space from a single hard disk,
an entire disk, or multiple regions on the same disk that are linked together
Spanned volume – consists of disk space from multiple disks. Striped volume (RAID-0) – combines areas of free disk space
from two or more hard disks Mirrored volume (RAID-1) – is created using the free disk space
on two physical hard disks RAID-5 volume – is a fault-tolerant, striped, dynamic volume that
combines free disk space from 3 to 32 physical hard disks
Introducing Storage Types (2)
(Skill 1)
4.3 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-1 Types of partitions on a basic disk
(Skill 1)
4.4 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-2 How data is written to dynamic volumes
(Skill 1)
4.5 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-3 Limitations of dynamic disks
(Skill 1)
4.6 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-4 Available disk configuration
(Skill 2)
Provides information about each physical disk and the partitions or volumes on each disk
Provides information about the type of disk, the file system used to format the disk, the disk capacity, and the status of the disk
4.7 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-5 Assigning the drive letter
(Skill 2)
4.8 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-6 Formatting the partition and labeling the volume
(Skill 2)
4.9 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-7 Properties dialog box for the primary partition
(Skill 2)
4.10 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-8 Changing the drive letter of a primary partition
(Skill 2)
4.11 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-9 The Change Drive Letter or Path dialog box
(Skill 2)
4.12 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-13 A logical drive on an extended partition
(Skill 3)
A logical drive has been created on Disk 1
4.13 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Upgrading a Disk from Basic to Dynamic
By default, the hard disk on a Windows Server 2003 computer is initialized with basic storage
When you upgrade a basic disk, the existing partitions are converted into simple volumes
Use the Disk Management snap-in to upgrade a basic disk to a dynamic disk
(Skill 4)
4.14 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-14 The Convert to Dynamic Disk dialog box
Figure 4-15 The Disks to Convert dialog box
(Skill 4)
4.15 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-16 The Disk Management message box
Figure 4-17 The Convert Disk to Dynamic warning message
Figure 4-18 The Confirm message box
(Skill 4)
You will have to reboot if you are converting a disk that includes the boot volume, system volume or a volume that includes the paging file
4.16 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Creating a Simple Volume
Upgrading a basic disk to a dynamic diskAny existing partitions are converted to volumesAny free space that is left on the drive can be used to
create additional volumes Simple volume
Can be part of a disk or an entire disk Can be created only on a single dynamic disk
(Skill 5)
4.17 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-19 Creating a simple volume
(Skill 5)
4.18 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-20 Setting the size for the simple volume
(Skill 5)
4.19 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-21 Newly created simple volume
(Skill 5)
Note that if you created the primary partition and the logical drive on the extended partition on the same disk, they were converted to simple volumes when the disk was upgraded to dynamic
4.20 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Introducing Spanned, Striped and Mirrored Volumes
Spanned volumes Creating a spanned volume
Combines the unallocated space on multiple disks into one logical volume
A spanned volume can organize disk space on up to a maximum of 32 disks
Spanned disks allow you to combine the space used by multiple, smaller volumes, on multiple disks, into one spanned volume represented by a single drive letter
(Skill 6)
4.21 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-22 Creating a spanned volume
(Skill 6)
4.22 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-23 Selecting the disks to create a spanned volume
(Skill 6)
4.23 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-25 Newly created spanned volume
(Skill 6)
Spanned volume createdusing 300 MB of diskspace from two harddisks on your machine
4.24 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Striped volumes As with spanned volumes, you can combine disk
space from a maximum of 32 disks to create a striped volume
On a striped volume, data is divided in blocks of 64 KB across each segment of the volume
Data is simultaneously written across all of the disks so that it is added to the disks at the same rate
Introducing Spanned, Striped and Mirrored Volumes (2)
(Skill 6)
4.25 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-26 Assigning a drive letter to the striped volume
(Skill 6)
4.26 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-27 Newly created striped volume
(Skill 6)
4.27 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Mirrored volumes A mirrored volume provides fault tolerance because
you create two drives that are duplicates of each other
Mirrored volumes are inefficient in some respects because fifty percent of the available disk space is consumed by fault tolerance
Introducing Spanned, Striped and Mirrored Volumes (3)
(Skill 6)
4.28 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-28 Selecting the disks for a mirrored volume
(Skill 6)
4.29 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-30 Newly created mirrored volume
(Skill 6)
Mirrored volume created by combining free space from two hard disks
4.30 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-31 Setting the size for a RAID-5 volume
(Skill 7)
300 MB of space will be used from each disk for a total of 600 MB of usable storage space 1/3 (300 MB) will be lost to parity data
4.31 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-33 Newly created RAID-5 volume
(Skill 7)
A RAID-5 volume created using disk space from three hard disks
4.32 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Defragmenting Volumes and Partitions The Disk Defragmenter rearranges files and unused
space, moving the segments of each file and folder to one location so that they occupy a single, contiguous space on the hard disk
Enhancements In Windows XP and Windows Server 2003, file system
defragmenter support is no longer dependent on compressed file routines and the Cache Manager
Limitations on defragmenting volumes with cluster sizes larger than 4 KB and on moving single NTFS file clusters have been remedied
(Skill 8)
4.33 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
Exam 70-290 Managing and Maintaining a Microsoft® Windows® Server 2003 Environment
Lesson 4: Organizing a Disk for Data Storage
Figure 4-34 The Disk Defragmenter utility in the Computer Management console
(Skill 8)