70

40 Ahadees e Mubarka

  • Upload
    mak3219

  • View
    36

  • Download
    2

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • ]vm&]$

    nko]ank]# k ^ e]_$^h

    Zvgw)( ~ ZrV)( |]/0[)gzZe$(

    e^n$ ]^ m

    Zzg +MB)( Zqw D

    Fp $^ p0

    T Zk"543 EGEGG z{T Cc

    ]o]# ^kri

    ZzgZngw)s( Zvs ]

    ]o]# ri

    ZzgT ZvZzgZngws Zm]

    ]* mnf^ n^ ^kri

    c* Tz{q} *n ]

    ri mj$q`^ ]

    Zm] Tz{b} g])s(

    ]n ^q ]Fn^

    Ts ]Zk )Z(s

    5

  • |]/0[gZv\gzZe$ZrV~Zvgw e^v^iqVzVz-Zv\mzW!zD:Zqw)NZ[(+M6,CczZk+MT]ZvZzggwzVz-Zv\mzW!zsZk]ZvZzgZkgwzVz-Zv\mzW!zsZzgT]*s&z{q}c*g]sTz{b}Zm]Zs,sZk]X

    ZZg$9252`2m351( ... )9Zg~[Z3G

    !*[ZB EYzZ4k5 EGy^uk

    !{34EE

    GELug$. NZK[ZZY~Zkug$Zk!*]sZg{D+B{5G

    GLDI+M)pfZiZ^ IGZ.]`1m53( g\ozg~X

    Zkug$tZqwNZ[+M6,%+M6,NZ[Zt)h(7XZqwZzgZkZ:tZIYi!*yZzgwVZdw6,@*ZzgVZqw%ZZq)(Zqw(ZzgIbZdwXZzg+M~g6,wZgZ}Zzg]ZgZ}+MY@*Xc*gqp]z9:

    igzi{ZyNZ[Z7Z/%+MZZHYt9:V V )1(ZknZyNZ[ZzgZ#NZ[HZkzzZZZ:X

    z{zu~Vnfg=Vinz

  • )Z^ IGZ.]`1m73( VC"3 EGOGZNZ[X &454EGOGG ZLZsV**Ih+{$ENzg

    ZzgV LL"3 EGOGV ZhZh&43 EGOGV0cZ(.GLZ\Z#%EMM(:GNXNNZD]43EOGVZy mVc!GOGSqu LNX jf]m 0W\' N"GOE{gec*

    mHW\W`:Y,^VZhZh&454

    EGOGGX?2ZizZkF,(X^

    zu Zv\mzKhz] !CY,^x~:Zh?ZzgzuzVZk $q$ m^h_F1F,(=X

    $ MMZ] $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]%$^o

    ]m^oek]# k ^ f^=e]$^k

    Zvgw ~ ZrV)( |]{0#%z~

    $]F]$]# ]* ? m

    ZvZq7 Z} D

    ]# $ D -Zv\mzW!z v$]E ]*$ Zv)( gw)( )-Zv\mzW!z( G Zzg

    7

  • ]$^ n ]# u$

    Wv)zic( Zk6, Zv wZx|]**{0#gZv\gzZe$ZrV~Zvgw e^v^iqV

    -Zv D:LLZk!*]Z}Zv\Zq7Zzg) -Zv\mzK!z zVzZvgwZv\Zk6,zicWvwZxX ( \mzK!z

    )>Z@[ZZyZZ{Zg$63`1m82(^uk

    Z%ZxZsZ+Jw8ZzgzicWvwZxtTZ+gz{zic~:gc*Zkz{%ZZZyD]YX

    )piZi%K>Z`1m65( -ZvmzW!z c*gqpzgZ!*zZ/WZ(wc*0*c*HTug

    Kc*

  • \CFO^ILLgwX $q$ m^]#

    )-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=-Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K

    ]vm&]%$^&

    ]m^^]# ^ ^ *^Zvgw)( c* ZrV)( |ZgzZe$

    ]* uj#o ]*u m+

    ~YV VJ- ?~ ZZyzZ7

    $] ]n ]*ug$

    ZkzZ+ Zks)Z( ic*{8[

    ]$^]*qn

    ZzgxV ZkZz Zzg-Zv\mzW!z zVz |]ZgZv\gzZe$Zvgw e^v^iqV

    Zk4,q-ZkV!*\ZzZzgxV c*ZkzJ-7YZ#J-~ic*{8[:YVX

    )9Zg~[ZZy!*[r#ZwZZyZg$51`1m71(^uk

    ic*{8[ -Zv\mzW!z Zzgu )%>ZV@`1m441( V%ZX-Zv\m ZzZkbW\) -Zv\mzW!z ttZZ5~ug

    WzZ[OZzgCZzgCq ( -Zv\mzW!z +t}W\) ( zW!z( -Zv\mzW!z ZKfZ]ZKZzZLV!*\ZLm,zZg[ZzgZLwzZ[6,W\)

    9

  • )pfZiZ^ IGZ.]`1[ZZy`Zzwm05( gzplxgMMV8[%Z88[:s[YZzV!*\8ZCg

    )pfZi%K>Z`1m03( ic*{eX -Zv\mzW!z *ZKyLZkq@*TZkjZk]qC}@zg'ZhWzZi,XLZyqzV@*XZk=]qC}Dz!*'zg]fYzsvXZzgLZk@*ZkB8jEL|u}ZzgZkZzgg)vy(zg}X

    )pfZib3Ez~[ZZy!*[bZ${ G( EEOz].'z>ZZy`1m94(GYxZ[Z,YW\Z -Zv\mzW!z Zzga8g[Zr

    (C4,q-ZkYyic*{8[ -Zv\mzW!z zuZZkY7VYZW\)Zzg{mZkg]~ic*{8[W\8}.Z\sgwZzg}.ZJ-zZZzgZk!*g{~]zzZX

    )%>ZV@b>Z@`1m541(m

    HW`W\ZLo{:RzgZZzgZi313!*gzp7,|nX^\CFO^

    ILLgwX zu Zv\mzKhz] ! $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ] $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K

    10

  • ]vm&]$]e+]a71e3

    ]# ^ ^ ]*eom

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]Z1Ck,{)gzZe$(

    =q$^$]e o!]$^ m

    L7EOw Wy~i:~ V

    iH]*j e^ ]u^=m& m*^i

    7V? Z+Zqg$ )(Nvg}0*k

    ]m$^ ^m$^ !e^ ?

    ZzgzggZy ?)Z,V( vg}!*\ZZ Zzg:

    mj m%

    :~eZBz{? Zzg )@*(:eZ{,z{?-Zv\mzW!z zVz |]Z1Ck,{gZv\gzZe$Zvgw e^v^iqV

    c*:Wy~i~L7EOwfz{vg}tZ+Zqg$NX:?LZzg:vg}!*\ZZZ,VZzgZ7ZLd$:Wz@*z{eZ{:,Zzg:~

    ZZg$7m9( ... )9l)!*[Z-E

    ZzZ!GG eZBX^uk

    d$ZzgZzg7EOwp(,ZR! OgZzg!*iW:ELi:~(,Z7EOw =q$^=q

    ZkgL7EOwVXZkug$~ug${zZVsZg{ZzgZk-Zv\mzK!z#c*/gZv\ec*#J-WzZfYXug$zZ/YZ/YIug$:tZkZC]g:_5 NEzZXZkug$tx

    11

  • Zug${**J`xZzg{zZJx0*ur#u-Zv\mzK!zZ7EOwzEOZ[c*XtxZ$+VZiuzg~YZyyZZy

    )pfZi%K>Z`1m851( Z%wzzx$X$+V!*g}~,Y+nZy_U*"$

    )1(ZZy)ZiZxZ\Z{**Zg{ymg9*GZ()2(8h NxZ})ZiZxZ\Z{**Zg{ymg9*GZ()3(g

  • ]vm&]^

    eagoin^n^[]# ^ ^ ^e]an]en

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( )gzZe$(|]Z',Z0x{

    ^uge $

    8EL$+))( Wz T

    Fo^ ]*^

    ZsxeJ6, )Zk(-Zv\ |]Z',Z0x{gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*:Tr#$+))"+(WzZkZsxeJ6, mzW!z)ZZy!*[I>ZEg`W"0 EEGZi EGGZg$4649`7m16( ~X

    ^ukVr#$+)%Z"+ZzgZkzg]W%ZXZkug$t"eVWc*Zsxzk,Zy**g~WZxV~Zyo]aZTz{ZyDg

    )pf 0MhTbyWNZ[Z,"+!*)NZ[z{\.IELZZyX

    Zi%K>Z`1m971("+z$+

  • )ZZ)45 GE0GG[ZwzfxZ^q!*[fx Zyi}i:7,Zzg:ZyBi7,XZZ~ EEGZg$062`1m861(

    ^zu Zv\mzKhz] !ZZys $q$ m^h_F1$+Vv=X $q m^]#=d- N

    EOfYZ#At:EX_fztX $q m^]#=

    $ MMZ] $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]$^=

    '`n7^$]h]# ^ ^ ]*eom

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( )gzZe$(|]Z1Ck,{

    ^=].$jo e$jo i$

    ~Z#Yz ~

  • ^ukYQ#]4EOGghbZzgZk~z@***%ZXZzgLZksZg{Z,z~]4EOG6,(,~Zzg].z4npZkZzgNZ[ic*{X

    )Z^ IGZ.]`1m551(LNZ[HZZk-Zv\mzK!zO|]**! LGZx0! ML~ MLgZvgzZe$pl8} ELw"5 FGL8j NEz)wZ

    ELLgz

    $ Mwr#8ENzZwg"Vw!!Wwu Zv\mzKhz]Oc*LLGZvzVLbZx@*)1(Zkpy{/DZkn]ZzgA~ZZk1**3)2(ZZ[Gp@*)3(#yZ(,~ZvZg$9972`3m063(YZ#z]4EOGtzZnLzVNZ[Zq-zztLZq-!*gZgin30*gY@*1t}.Z/VZzgi!*Vv3@*gLZvZzggwzVzu Zv\mzKhz]O{',Z@*ZkZZki:~ZhSgZzg

    )pfZi%K>Z`1m371( z){Xm

    HW`W\Zky)87(Lg~z){"6,c*:g]~i}6,Dzu;)Zzg^~(

  • ^zu Zv\mzKhz] !]43EOGV(X $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]$^e

    ]21m1oing]# ^ ^ qmZvgw)( c* )ZrV( )gzZe$(|]`k,

    $u n^ $

    ZYi Zsx~ Yg~H T

    ]*q ]*q^

    )Zy(MV NZ[ Zzg Zk)i(NZ[ Zkc)(

    n eX e^

    %Zk Zk Zk)i(6, H

    /o .^q ]*m$

    T Zzg ZyNZ[

    16

  • ^ $n n^ $

    %ENZi Zsx~ Yg~H

    ^ n

    H MV kH{)Zy( Zzg Zk)i(kH{ Zk6,

    ]*m$ n e e^

    %Zk Zk Zk)i(6,

    ?o ]*]

    ZykHV-Zv\mzW!z |]`k,gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*:Zsx~ZijgZ}ZkZkjgZNZ[AZzgZyVZkZkj6,DgZzgzZVNZ[~:X!*[ZBIZZGGZg$7101m805( X^uk

    )%K>Z`1m691( xZZYYg~zZxzZV',Z',Z`0*X%K>Z~:XVL}

    EELug$~p),g+fLWZsg

    E]?]#qD )Zzg(geZXGZ7#J-NZ[MgX)%K>Z`1m691(

    mVHW`W\]ZsV)}ZZ~gkzyg`GZ=!*yz){(6,Ziz]sG?

    17

  • ^zu Zv\mzKhz] !ZLZssgZv$

    EGILx6,= $q$ m^h_F1

    $ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]%$^

    ek1`j1an6[]# ^ ^ r^eZvgw)( c* )ZrV( )gzZe$(|]Y',

    ]# j^h n]vm& ^$ ]*$^e

    Zv)( [ 4x)( G )9)LZ: X(

    ]$\$] D o]i^oFnH v$E p n]p

    Zzg$+F,+x ( -Zv\mzW!z ) gZ3 Zzg4+gZ3

    e % v$^i^

    eZ)( $+) ZzgC *x-Zv\mzW!z |]Y',gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    -Zv\ )[(c*:9)LZ: XW"4x[ZvZzg4+gZ3)(gZ3Zzg$+F,+qzV~z{&*HZzgC$+)eZX mzW!z

    ZZg$011`m601( ... ZfZgq+B GEEZZY~ ... )9Z0xy!*[ZJx!*v

    18

  • ^uk-Zv Z: XWzV',F,~xV6,Z+g[\ZKt6,XZzgG*gsg

    ]4+]Tcz~**!*IL]X$+F,+qzV%Zz{Z+Zzg \mzK!zzC~+~aZGYNX -Zv\mzK!z ZqwgZx

    %K>Z`1m641( )iUI -Zv\mzK!z $+)~!-EW5qZzgg6,Cz{5q0*u8ELu

    )%>ZV@`1m863( gZX$+)X0*{zg~ZX gZv\e O#gZ+ LLiUt~{ $+)p~)pfZiZ^ IGZ.] {6x$+)YX1g|t6x

  • Zq~Z#-Zv\mzK!zZzg),g+ Nk**XZbVpZCz{*Z0+Zii)gZx-Zv\mzK!zZzgW\/ZxgZv\ei(~:X

    f^uV (3)3Wj+q,]ZEw**zWky~gxZY]kY,^XvV (5)

    Z3XL$+)ZZV@`1m863(

    vZkug$ptDxg*-Zv\mzK!zZXz{$+)d-

    IGELgZZ\!*

    E0Zs )%K>Z`1m741( ZzgC$+)eZtp!*X$+GL LiZx |])**Z1k Ogg~Z#',(:

    GXZDgbL!*g{VB5V:

    (W0*u6,yZzgZZ[s`0-59|~ZX 1)(Z8-

    EGLWc*]6,]g6,$

    ENGZX 2)(Ky0*u 3)(Kz~Zx9}gct') ENZ[:z6%zZzg~**/0Z+m, 4)gZv\ZXW`KZk{7X

    (bX 5)(LszX 6)(Lug$ZzgZqg$ZlxX 7)(gX 8)

    20

  • (i!*yi+MX 9)(Zifg)^ELeX 10)(
  • $ ]$ m\^^ uj#o]\$

    S@* 1 $Z VJ-R_^m^ e^ ]#

    Zk)y(N Zy)6V(:L Zv-Zv\mzW! :|]Z1G}.g~gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iq

    c*:y1Fg~5wZfe$Zzg7(VJ-Z1Zv\Zy z)9Zg~[Z!*[YYg>ZnZg$2465`4m3( :LZykHVSX

    ^ukZkug$~VcxtKg]zZnh~1ZkkHVEOg{

    X;ZzgFg~z){6,P'h+Zqg$Ig5V:(|]gZv\Cuz2'Vwu-Zv\mzK!z 1)c*LLZ#Fg@*ZvzVZkHVZ(0*uzi8-s

    )Zn(zZn3GE[Z,^!*[Zn(Zj.EZg$24`4m641( XgZv\gzZe$g-Zv\mzK!zc*LL ]e (|]** 2)

    %!kH{ZkbQDg|#QDX)Zn(zZn3GE[Z,^!*[Zn(Zj.EZg$65`4m841(

    (|]**Z0&gZv\gzZe$DgZxWx-Zv\mzK! 3)zc*LL6,z{Fg~eg@*Z/z{Yy8Fg~~QknH?g~i0+FggxI@*XQ*-Zv\mzK!zZCuMysZVc*ZzgZXnHHLLc*gwZvzVz-Zv\mzK!z!W\WysuZV+YVc*?Zgc*LL~zV6,ZyVz{zVZq-}Zq-K~lgT~z{i7,J@*Z#ZrVZ:0*c*^ZzgnHLLc*g[zV!}#V}yZzggZ]~GZqwQQWi~2Yc*XZvzV@*LLZ{yZzggZ]

    ~H@*Zknz{ZzgZnZ`~:zZ#J-z{~sWi~Zk)Z.AEZzZg$7132 NZ[}f)x6,ZzgZqwz{H@*ZknZyNZ[X

    `2m11(

    22

  • ^zu Zv\mzKhz] !rT$zWx6,=X $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]^?

    e^oejn6l ^ *^eom

    fHH )ZrV( )gzZe$(|]Z1Ck,{

    f$^ ]# ]v$o

    %ENZZk)gg( Zvgwt gg

    if$^ ]$fo% ^ q

    :%ENZZk)gg( ( -Zv\mzW!z ) c* Zq-)(

    ^ ]%h io ^$^

    kHV)( zg@* :Gt)gg(

    f%^vm ]$^ io

    )( Wv zgC

    23

  • -Zv\mzW! |]Z1Ck,{gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqVc*:gg%ENZ:Zkn -Zv\mzW!z gggfHHZq-gg%ENZ z

    tkHVZkb0*uWvzgX)Z0z[Z!*[Z

    A+WZg$9643`4m401(^uk

    Zkug$xZg]zVFg-V%ENZIJ`xX)%K>Z`2m034(

    vFgc*VZq-c*zVJ-zgSggu0*VJ-Cgv~ZW,@*Ztg})pfZi%K>Z`2m314( VZzgkHVsZX

    |]**Z1QZYgZv\gzZe$~g-Zv\mzK!z Zq-Zzgug$~DLLyggZzggu~2ZZzgZku6,ZuNhic*{kH{VZ#tZghDZku6,gZZ:',Z',kH{7DX

    )Z0NmZ1QZYZg$59712`8m271(|]**y~gZv%%z~"Zv\yZq-gZ]gg~2ZkxkHVEOg{X

    )Zn(zZn3GE[Z,^!*[Zn(Zj.EZZg$87`4m351(Zzg|]**Z!0m. MQEZv\D~n:LLc*gwZvzVz-Zv\mzK!z!ggNZ[H?Zgc*:LLZ#J-gg~2x~ggLZzgZkgvgS

    ZZnn)VQgSX|]**Z!0 MQEgZv\:LLZ}ZvzV!~Z,ggZw@*V=~gZ{~}yZzg}-Zv\mzK!zKpsY:gzXZk|]**Z!0 MQEgZv\gziZ:xzggYc*@*X

    )Zn(zZn3GE[Z,^!*[Zn(Zj.EZZg$28`4m351(

    24

  • Z#',(:GXZDt**i@*; Z1k Ogg~ d-

    IGELgZZ\!*E0Zs|])**

    ]4EOG

    0*: NNzs+C ENEg5$ MM` ZZm^foXX:Zk~\B:@)u~( Eiq]m^V 0 mn^?^$`m] )1(

    e^ ]?^]#$q$ tWe$`]!*g)ZwW:ELZq-!*gzp(7,|x< 31( ]$ )\92]IO]~') ENc*VCkZzg%!] NyCkuX)F,:7,"wEMzg]7(

    !*g)ZwW:ELZq-!*gzp( 40 ]^iv _5GLON**ZxQtgZv\D )2(|+C ENEg`YX ]?^]#$q$ 7,|0*6,xggzZ6,:g

    **Zg@*].Zg-Zv\mzKhz] gg|_5GLON**"5 JGLZ}mZ}>zZ?x )3(utY7,|xH:e]]n?om%+m?]nu^]m\n

    cW+Zj+ZZzC **xW\6,x@*VCQkq $q$ )F,:Zv e]]nW\X~W\6,ZvzV**xx@*VX $q$ Zv ZzgzZV%EN~X

    )m2021Zg$6812( (gg%!w LQs MM!~)ZzwW:ELZq-!*gzp(7,|xX

    7,kgX e]]fn )4(ggzZ{])5(u"GIL0*u~Z#?~ggWYQk6,&yJ-Q}0*:

    `4m322Zg$8347( C L L )R.k5 QNQGMQu g}YNX)

  • -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]v^=p

  • :|]0{?gZv\ZLzZLHxzZWZLZZgzZe$ e^v^iqc*:{cDZ~Z#%"0 GE0wlg@* -Zv\mzW!z DZvgwzVz

    Zzgz{ZLZk%7VYZvzVZZkc*wc*ZzW~2QZk6,@*VJ-ZZk%J-ZknLZ~lg[X)>Z@[Z,^!*[>Z!Zg$8651`1m003(

    ^ukZkug$P$ MMYwq:({z6,Zk%J-VY@*TJ-)z]7VYX 1)

    )Z^ IGZ.]`1m986((6,Zv\=M:ZKz`P]ZzgZvzV(,~X 2)(gY]ZqwXZzgg[zVxXfZxDA~ZZv 3)zVa1z;VgY]Zqw)(1Lzu}xWYD}',gKZzZLV!*\BgZ/p:mg[m,w

    )\:72Zg:12( y5~X Z F,+ZZy:ZyZz ]v^em$j :(ZKVgY]z){Hg`V)ZKy(!(Tg#y 4)

    )pfZi%K>Z`2m324( Xenen^

    ~p~:Zq-g]dW,ZCwZq-Zq-gCZ/~]**zqZZzg-VVZwH1z{g]',{gXZq-gZ]pZ[~Zkg]p.e$@!*r~T~gP]CZq-6,Zk**xg`XZq-.e$%6,ZC**xNZ0+gZ4ZLVVz;VHzWgZx~0*c*XVNZq-gC1V!ZLg[0*k.e$WgZxXgzZgZZ}!Zxt1}ZqwNVJ-7MhZknNtZk2wVXg[\x1Z[}n

    )g&JLm044( ppX

    27

  • ^zu Zv\mzKhz] !sX $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]%$^o\

    '`^in6]# ^ ^ q^eejn

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]Y',045 GG)gzZe$(

    ofn]# ]j p f ]\$^=

    ZvgZ{~ O)( z{ ])( '

    ?n ]m ?n ]_

    L)( Zzgez[%} L)( yi{)%}(

    ?n ^ug]l]rg

    L)( ZzgfZ]ZB3 EEE~)%}(

    ?n ^ug]vm ?n ]f_

    L)( ZzgWv~V%} L)( ZzgFg~~)%}(

    28

  • ?n ivk] ml ]$p

    L)( qg]n[ %@*)%}( Zzgz{

    ?n er il ]]*

    L)( z]~ ] )(g]|]Y',045 GGgZv\gzZe$DZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*:ZvzVgZ{~Oz{]'ZzgXy~%}L -ZvmzW!zez[%}LfZ]ZB3 EEE~%}LFg~~%}LWv~

    )>Z@ VYLqg]n[%}LZzgg]z]~%}LX[Z,^!*[>Z!Zg$1651`1m992(

    ^ukV]T%ZZk~]NZ[M1LZxYg~7DX

    ZkFg~T~-V6,V%ZgC-V~gZzggg@*Z3 ]l]rgZz]~%YzZg]%Zz{g]qn]Yc*aaZzc*z]e:yZ0+g]fYc*Zk%Z.Zg~g]%~]

    )%K>Z`2m024( YXgZ=$+gZi?ZZZpmg9*GZvZDDt)LT(]iZZ+X~t

    (g0+{Mh 6 (hX~OHHX) 5 (ZIc*) 4 (Yyc*) 3 (wc*) 2 (gg~%ZX) 1)(!*g]c*Zzg 9 (L+~%ZX) 8 (f~YgU%ZX) 7 3c*X)

    (-Zv\mzW!z6,!*g 11 (FwtZw}ZvgZ{~OHYVX) 10 %HX))g

  • g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K ]vm&]%$^&\

    n^lonk]# k ^ o

    Zvgw)( ~ )ZrV( |]Z)gzZe$(

    m$=^ % ^ m

    ]@* y)( 7 D

    n #o ]$

    Zkn n]D 1 z

    ] mo uj#o f]*

    ZzgZ/ z{x} VJ- ,DZg

    #o ]$ \n$ ^=

    n]D xz z{]})%!(

    mfx uj#o f]* n

    z{} VJ- ,DZg Zkn

    30

  • o]r$ m ^

    A~ Zq-!*r Zk)y(c Zzg-Zv |]ZgZvgzZe$ZrV~Zvgw e^v^iqV

    DZ#yZLyz]@*xJ-,DZg mzW!zZkcgzn]DZzgxz]@*J-,DZgZkc

    )>Z@[Z,^!*[> gzn]DZzgZkcA~Zq-!*rXZ!Zg$0551`1m792(

    ^uk)%> V%ZzPzZzgx$ ELzPc*gZ]zqz%ZX

    ZV@`4m92(Z#yFgYQk]zgecZkn~1tZV

    ]'h+cb5V: )pfZi%K>Z`2m514( Yfg=ZzgAY:LX)1(|]**Z1Ck,{gZv\gzZe$@*].Zg"3 ENE]&? MEQEzIz]"5 FGLzZ&B3 MELOZ+]

    &BjELZK+Mu Zv\mzKhz]Oc*:LL%!]@*Zq-o~My0+Z@*LL$GNplZtIguZzgA~ZC1**1

    )Z0z[Z,^!*[YYNZ[%sZg$3441`2m291( XgzZe$g(x1Va MQgzV@*8EQMg+? EMz gZv\ |]**R$

    EMQ )2(%EMu Zv\mzKhz]Oc*:LLTZijzHZzgNZ[Zy6,ZLy]Z3,wAJ-zgc*YX

    )Z!Z[Z,^!*[aZo>ZZg$7903`3m842(\g}Zs!Z#%!]nY**%!ZLnzZec%!g7CO

    |]**Z0kgZv\gzZe$uzZ"5 GMEg"Vg^3IEGLgz\) INgz

    M

    zUg743EGEL6,zggzVzu Zv\mzKhz]Oc*:LL%!Z#J-Hg:YZkg7CX

    )Zn(zZn3GE[Z,^!*[Zn(>ZZZg$91`4m661(

    31

  • Zzg|]**/0[gZv\gzZe$Wxuz9x8jELZt(1V@*g&B3 MELOZzVzu Zv\mzKhz]Oc*:LLZ#?%!0*kYZkZLngpZzYZkVbCX

    )Z0z[Z,^!*[YY>Z!Zg$1441`2m191(^

    zu Zv\mzKhz] !]4EOG_.%V]=X $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]$]e\

    ^1'^]# ^ ^ ]ef$^

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]Z0k)gzZe$(

    ^ m$= % ^

    y)( ]@* )(y 7

    ]# ]**^ f$]l n

    Zv)( ~Zw@*V ]!*g ZzgH

    m$\n ]* h$]i]n ]n

    z{)Zv(} xg[ zZ

    32

  • ]*q ]*m$u ]$ ?o ]$

    Zez)]( ZkWY Z ~Y 1-Zvm |]Z0kgZvgzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    ]**^]#]nh$]i c*:yy]YZzg]!*gt7, zW!z)~ZvzZ@*VxgN^ ILE}(Z/]z ]n]*m$\n

    7WHZzg^ ILEX)>Z@[Z,^!*[>Z!Zg$3551`1m892(

    ^ukug$0*u~g7,"6,c*!tZc*tZ/ZkxZ_V8\zgXZ/L:g~s@*ZvzgwzVz-Zv\mzK!zFXZk)ug$(xZ]`7X%>~Z/d$Zv6,t7,SYZyYZvzVZkYy0WyZzgZZy6,{X]gZV:YC:!*Zy]IRYZvzVX

    )pfZi%K>Z`2m614(^

    zu Zv\mzKhz] !%!zt7,"=X $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K

    33

  • ]vm&]^\

    ]]# ^ ^ ]*eom

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]Z1Ck,{)gzZe$(

    ]$ KL ]# ]

    1 Fg~ Zv)( 7Q@*g~)aZ(

    ? ]

    ^ ILE Zk)Fg~(c Q@*g~)aZ(-ZvmzW! |]Z1Ck,{gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*:ZvZ+Fg~aZ7Tc^ ILE)zZ(:Z@*g~X zZZg$8765`4m61( ... )9Zg~[Z!*[Z4,wZv

    ^ukzZnA7Zv\ZfyX]Zzg(,J9ZC%nzZXZ#ZvzVbeLrZkzZJ-VY@*zg:rZtZzgz{`

    )Z^ IGZ.]`3m936z%K>Z`6m412( @*XgZ=?ZZZpmg9*GZvZDDzZ`**Y,^tZNZv\ZkzZZiZ!%nc:Lc*ZzgZ/zZzZ&**Y,^X

    )g

  • )-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=-Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K

    ]vm&]$^=\

    im$^o ^ e^]?ro$

    xD )ZrV( |]s0Z)gzZe$(

    D o]i^oFnH m^]#E ^ o]r^n$

    ( -Zv\mzW!z Z}Zvgw) 7Y )i:(Yq~

    ^ oF[ niFp

    c* Zk)!*g}(~ HZgD

    e+^ ^ o$ ]*]

    w`7 ZLx)]( 6, ?7z

    ? n ^m e^$o

    u)]( Zk)x(~ Z#J-: x)~(|]s0ZgZv\gzZe$vi:Yq~ e^v^iqV

    Zy -Zv\mzW!z hY7-D)Zsx(nHZ}ZvgwzVzc*:ZL>a=XZy>azV~ -Zv\mzW!z >azV!*g}~W\HD?ug

    w`7Z#J-Zy~u:XZZg$0022m8021( ... )9[Z?x!*[&EQk!*

    ^ukX>azV~Xzv**x:VZzgZy!-EWix:W@*Z,>azV7,"~w`

    35

  • 7XfZxc*T>apx:Z77,|MhpgqmZ?x9g6,w)pfZiZ^ IGZ.]`3m646( Z7,|MhZ/pZkpx:X

    ~: g< gZ=$+gZi?ZZZpmg9*GZvZDZKt**i@*;~j+\d**Y,^z{j+Y,^Wc*W6c*ZZc*Z)V(j+HYZzgu(V~WZk%Zz{j+Z]**Y,^Zp6,Vi:Yq~GYDXZbj+Z]ZzgWc*]zZqg$zZ!~%!/"3 EGGL**Y,^X83 EEE)T6,

  • ]vm&]$^e\

    i7j1]o2n]# ^ ^ ]*eom

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]Z1Ck,{)gzZe$(

    E]lD ^^$$]l ]*%]

    ] V)(zZ Zz9c*z-ZvmzW! |]Z1Ck,{gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*VzZq)](Zz9c*zX z)K[Z,^!*[>fZ>]`4m4(^uk

    C]Zk*z~'3Wz){'}+X;V%}i0+zVfZzgz]Wy]WC2ic*gGzZZ@*',iq)$43 GEG

    ML',ic('0*@*

    VV}ZdXfYDZzggziZ:]c*1}Zkagz])%K>Z`2m934( X

    Zkug$~]c*@*NZkn@*#ZJyZzgiZWy]w:)%>ZV@`4m47( YNX

    ^zu Zv\mzKhz] !]c*gpp=X $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K

    37

  • ]vm&]%$^\

    loM]# ^ ^ ]*eom

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]Z1Ck,{)gzZe$(

    ]$^ ]l ]*u mj$n$

    c* ])( ?~ Wgiz:}

    n] ]*m$=]= $ v^

    n ic*{}z{ e)h+( z{()(

    ]n$jjg $ n^ ]$^

    gZ)Zv( h+ z9. XENZzZ Zzgc*-ZvmzW! :|]Z1Ck,{gZvgzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iq

    c*:LL?~]Wgiz:})Z=(Z/z{gh+Zzgic*{n}ZzgZ/$+g z)K[Z,^!*[

    '.-GEZ>]`4m2( h+/Zv\gZX

    ^ukZkug$ti0+qwZhYZqwZ~MhX

    )%K>Z`2m634(*z~;Fg~c*Rz){zz]**(z{Zknt"~Zzg%GLZ**gZWKgps]**(z{7XZv\ZzgZk5]t~]**2Zk*;Zzg6,.gZqZzg$ NLWy]ZzgA~c

    )pfZiZ^ IGZ]`1m796( ]Wgiz**ZZyZzgZkwKX^

    X g~"8h L[! EEL] zu Zv\mzKhz] ! $q$ m^h_F1

    38

  • $ MMZ]X $q m^]#=Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]j$^\

    mF]$fo% ^ ^ em^

    Zv)( c* )ZrV( |]!G

    0(g)gzZe$(

    Fni^ mF? ]]

    ZL%zZV6, gc*p 7,?-Zv |]!

    G0(ggZvgzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*ZL%zZVd$g$GWp7,X mzW!z)Z!Zz[Z,^!*[ZZY>Zg$1213`3m652(

    ^ukC%Zt]zg$GW7,SYtY]y~7,SYc*G

    )Z^ IGZ.]`1m607( u;7,SYXKyCg>~{mZ+{@*g{$GW~i)]@*|X

    )%Z>Z`2m644(m

    HW`W\+ZZyZi&Wc*])F,z(z]c*GgX]q?^

    zu Zv\mzKhz] !g$GWp',QX $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    39

  • Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n Z]vm%^\

    l1kin^ m ]*eon]p

    c* )ZrV( |]Z1G}.g~)gzZe$(

    ?]F]$]# i^ ] ]#

    ZL%zZV Sz? Zvgw)( -Zv\mzW!z |]Z1G7ENg~gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*:ZL%zZV*0SzX)Z!Zz[Z,^!*[Z54

    GGGEZg$7113`3m552(

    ^uk2tZd-B5 GE!Zzg/gfYZ`2m444(zGGL]WY** ]GxY@*XfYZxgZvc*:]zWY)(]t:)1(Zkz0*VZkgNYDZ/Z79ZHY9}7g{Mh)2(**udSYC

    )pfZiZ^ IGZ.]`1m407( )3(W\VZzgygxzvY**X40

  • in^mgZ=$+gZi?ZZZpmg9*GZvZDZKt**i@*;g
  • )YZn~[Z,^!*[$o-B GGEZyZg$699`2m103( zX^uk

    tZd-B5 GE!i0+zVZzg' NzVaCZzg:g]agCucCb)%K>Z`2m364( Y,^Z/p4CZzgCX

    Zi0+~XYZkc*YYZzgi0+~**Y,^Zk**Y,^XbtX&gZX

    (

  • ^zu Zv\mzKhz] !G;ZzgzDXX $q$ m^h_F1

    X $ MMZ] $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]%^o]\

    7^in^ ]# ]$ ]e

    c* Zvgw)( G |]Z0/)gzZe$(

    i^ v^ ].]

    ZL' NzV)( pV)ZYV( c*z)fz(

    ^m %]

    [z)y( Zzg)!*ig(-ZvmzW! |]Z#EEL/gZvgzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*ZL' NzV>VlezZzgZy%ENZV07zX z)YZn~[Z,^!*[WyZg$1201`2m213(

    ^ukZkug$ty$ EL]ZYVLLyHzVfgZF,CXZy',ZVy!*igY%}i0+{JF,i0+{Y$%}7XZafYgZv\DZ/h EOw%}6,(#Apc*n}gV~le}ZzgZ/',~#A$+1c*n}Y**Zkf:}Y

    43

  • v"m,h+z9CEO`z){W`',Z %**:xgZHqw"+',Zzg}@*)%K>Z`2m184( Y@*Yth EOtZy[Cz@*)v(ZyVX

    NEOg%ENZVyY,^Z/pz{%VZ%Z/%zZgZIzwyVZzgZyV!*\%ENZZ7Zj+ZZkzg~Z[tZj+Z!h NLZzgyZj+ZbY,^

    )4,GZg~`2m688( 7Xm

    HW`W\^UZzgz{Zkyv?^

    zu Zv\mzKhz] !i!*y=X $q$ m^h_F1X $ MMZ] $q m^]#=

    g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]%^&$]\

    off^ -Zv\mzW!z ^e^m ^ ^ e]%en

    p~ )ZrV( z{0i)gzZe$(

    ]F mv ]*u^ qZzgzu} )$G(D ZyzV~Zq- zW

    q ]*m%^ ^] mv

    Wc* ZyzV~ ZrV)/( 7D

    44

  • mv ]$p r ]*$

    )G(D z{ W z{ZCxu

    D -ZvmzW!z zVz ]#E v(c -Zv\mzW!z Zvgw)zVz ZrV

    |] Nz{0igZvgzZe$ZrVc*p~z e^v^iqVWGZDZq-$DZzgzu}7D)1zGD

    zw6,/W:~HZyzV~ -Zv\mzW!z (ZvgwzVzc$G -Zv\mzK!z Wz{ZCx}Xz{!WZDZrVug

    )>Z@[Z,^!*[Z.3GOG`Z{Zg$0071`1m323( gX^uk

    zZ!|]ih+Z0Zg~Z1gZv\Zzg1zzZ|]D{Z0:EOZbgZv\X~z),gvG~'g]W`bZy&g0:XCy#ZzgG**Gec**x]VzZXZkug$x@*1zGI7zg:**Z1D{gZv\!t:ZDZzg/ggZv\eZyzV#x:XtwgZ/px/gZv\eG**Y1z{zV|Z]!hIOtZrVe;GRgZdgZg/gYX

    )%K>Z`2m094(Gz9

    (1zt 2) ( 1)itGgppcY+$(~YCX

  • $ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K ]vm&]]e$]\

    nk^]# ^ ^ f]#]e

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]Zv0/)gzZe$(

    e]n m(h ]# ]$ ]*i

    WW:L Z[7@* Zv G H?7Fg

    Fm%h ev]g

    pZ[ w)(:L Zzg:

    ]*mu ]Fn^ ]*?^ eF]

    c*g3@* ZKi!*ys ZzgZg{c* Zk:L

    ef]*n m$h ]$]nk

    ZnyzZVZk6,gz:L zgZ[@* ZzgG)6,(-Zv |]Zv0/gZvgzZe$ZvzVzgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*:H?7Fg"Zv\WWZzgw:LZ[7@*Zzgi!*ys mzK!zZg{c*pZk:LZ[c*g3@*ZzgyzZVgzzz6,Z[@*X

    46

  • )9Zg~[Z,^!*[ZYYZ!Zg$4031`1m144(^uk

    Zkug$tWWZzgw:LZv\Z[7@*Z/tzV)W)%>ZV@`4m702( WZzgw(gzzVZy6,NZ[MX

    ZzgZv\Z[ZzgZkgi!*y6,%A$CZ/i!*yZzg

  • ]vm&]^]\

    enk]v^ ]# ]$ ]eoFo]?p

    c* Zvgw)( " |]Z1.Z~)gzZe$(

    ^ ]f ^l ]]

    @* })( gC ]@* Z#

    fp fj j ]#

    }})(dW gzbH? ZLV Zv\$ fj n n

    V h1? @*)Zv\( ;V )(

    n n *]=

    @*)Zv\( ;V )( Zkw

    u n fp ^]^

    Zk)}(~ )( }})( H

    fp ]e] n]# ]jq

    }}c @*Zv\ 7,J S&E LLS&ES0 MGQLW8 ELNQ Zzg

    enk]v % enj^o]r$

    MZ:)y( Zzg**xgZk)y( A~y-Zvm gwzVz |]Z1Z~gZvgzZe$Zv e^v^iqV

    48

  • c*Z#}gC%Y@*Zv5@*?}}dW zW!zgzbHz{nD;VX@*:?ZkwVh1nD;VXQZv

    ]$^#]$]n @*)Zk6,(}}H?nD~pZzg)Y gX enk]v 7,JZv@*}Zk}cA~Zq-yZzgZk**x Fq

    Zn~[Z,^!*[aZ.}40GEGZfZZ74i GEZg$3201`2m313(^uk

    tZwzZ[ZyVDgzb!*gZ~YDXZkZwZ7Z{**zg:g[\lzXwgA~g[s0`ZzgZKyZqw6,WVZkzu}fVkV**xVDz,

    )pfZi%K>Z`2m705( z;VZyP]**xZqwX6,zNZ[XZq-zuZXZzgbqzqzVNZ[YDgT)g

  • ]vm&]^=]\

    ^e^7qkoe

  • ]ujfj ]] ]o]r$

    )V(NZ[Zk16, Z# As-Zv |]f0gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*XzV&a%YNZv\ZyzVZLazgA~ mzW!zZ/zaZwYN?ug -ZvmzW!z Z4/nHXZ}ZvgwzVz

    -ZvmzW! c*zZ`XQ/nHZ}ZvgwzVz -ZvmzW!zc*Zq-Z`XQc*nZkfZ] -ZvmzW!z Z/Zq-]Y?ug z

    T3~ GEE0g]~~Yy{xAY@*ZKV**gzfg)AsQV)Zk16,(ZzgNZ[X

    )>Z@[Z,^!*[Z1 EYZZ.3GOGZg$4571`1m233(^uk

    zV%ZV!*\XgLa]VZzgz{,XZkug$Ig~y{F,KMwzvysZg{ZwZzggz{&V6,,Qz{zc*Zq-6,,tzVBX**gza**s~M@*&zGGLaZZXZ/pz{^Nc*Y@*1#~ZkaBYg[\ZbZ$+yz;V&3wz;VXZ/pt^V!*\zVA~Y1VfSZkac*V)ic*{

    )%K>Z`2m715( @*ZzgXVug$0*u~y{ZzAZ#z{bqq:}ZzgNZ[6,{gX

    )pfZiZ^ IGZ.]`1m067(^

    zu Zv\mzKhz] !NZWy]6,{gpp=X $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#

    51

  • )-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=-Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K

    ]vm&]^e$]\

    '`n]^ ]*$]$fo$ f]#ee]^c* ()( -Zv\mzW!z ) |]Zv0/z0m)gzZe$(

    nfn]# ]j

    ZvgZ{~ O)HY**(

    ]$m ]$ $?o m

    n)( 1)z{( Cq)kH{( S

    - |]Zv0/z0mgZvgzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqVc*Zv\gZ{~OHY**nz{CkH{SX ZvmzW!z

    ZZg$6881m7401( ... )9[Zg>!*[Ov^uk

    gZ}.Z~L**CkH{EOg{0Y@*ZnZxwZ+mg9*GZvZ~yHgLZkIZy]nEOg{0YCX

    )Z^ IGZ.]`3m753(n%Zz{nT_ch}pZ{~+$c*1Znc*g~

    )%K>Z`5m224( Z-$c*HZwtzVtXm

    W`W\ng]~)!*zZ,)(npZ{ZYi]%nZZ5~@*7?2g"5 GGS)gg6,Z/(qzg]7g~6,Hg{]Z0+gzZ:~?

    52

  • ^zu Zv\mzKhz] !nZZ5=X $q$ m^h_F1$ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]%^]\

    '`^log^ ]$fo$ ]$ eun

    c* Zvgw)( G 0)gzZe$(

    ]\$^= ]# *^

    ])( Zv\)( Zw@* ^ ]# e$ ef

    %J- Zv\ Zk)}( Fw

    Fn]? $^l ] ]\%H

    ZL_6, ' M}z{{ Z/p LzV)(-Zvm |]0gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*:Zv\Fw]}Zv\ZL%Z/pz{ zW!zZL_6,%}X

    )Z0z[Z!*[aZewZvZg$7972`3m953(

    53

  • ^ukZkbw]Wgiz}i!*y}Zzggg~}@*u~gsEgZ~Z4c*X]%ZkbtTLA~ZYBgbXg[\g}zzyzgZYX

    )%K>Z`5m324(^

    zu Zv\mzKhz] !]]X $q$ m^h_F1X $ MMZ] $q m^]#=

    g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]j^]\

    f7om^l]# ^ ^ em

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]',h+{)gzZe$(

    ^ m^]f nj

    )Z[(ic*g]zZy GzVic*g] ~IH?-ZvmzW!z |]',h+{gZvgzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*:~?VGzVic*g]IH)Z[~ZYi]V(Zyic*g]ZZg$601m684( ... )9[Z,^!*[Z]45 GJEZyZ#g!EO zX

    ^ukzZsx~ic*gJgy%zVgVIYv66ZsxZ0+6)i0+~("$6,4~zzZ[G6,4zq,XZ#Zy~ZsxgZtHtc

    54

  • Z#Z[wZxZ[',@ZEw**NqH@*v',@NQZ[c*:BZ#vF,Z[~',VZEwcXGzVic*g]tZd-B5 GE!XhtZk~g'Z7ic*g]JgZYi]~XpZ[gVic*g]JggzYyic*gJgc:Zgzr0 EJZgZg-Zv\mzK!z)ic*g]n(;VZ/}YgVZzggZ3~GzZic*g]B6|]igZv\|]Z9. WEgZv\Gic*g]ZzgZ/y~ZCGzZic*g]$|]igZv\y~gZg-Zv\mzK!zG

    )ic*g]z(Z ZZ] pVW\Wzg{zXwgug$0*u~Vic*g]Gc^Y,^XZ#hwZzgV0*k^YMh'ZgZZz1Y6,^YMhZyJggzqhw2Z/}G6,v**Y,^wQDVZkic*g]Jg:gh}nZywV}XdgZg-Zv\mzK!z]GVzz~:ghZZ#5"$wXW`b~v**Y,^wQD1Zkzz:bGYD:z;Vb]4EOGhZzgic*g]Jg]4EOGLhbzic*gJg

    )%K>Z`2m225( zVn^gZzg**Y,^ZgzzZy~Nq7XgZ=$+gZi?ZZZpmg9*GZvZDgVafYic*gJgY,^

    bqzq,ZNqZzgGJg wZ(gH1m,zVJg6,YN Cc*gUg~1hVaw`7ZzgZVaNqXZzgR] QMQ)sgZ{(t 6,',aYN

    zbqzqZzgGJg6,c*W~u/g g'IYNZJVJgic*g]~)g

  • )-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=zKhz] !ner^]$fo]no]i^oFn

    ]vm&]%$$

    ]m^$]hm^]#= ^ ef^=

    c*gwZv! )ZrV( |]0{)gzZe$(

    ^p% ^ik ].$ ]$

    K ZwH V G

    ] ^ ]* ]$

    0*)Za( c*)Zvgw( Za? ( F ^ e] v

    Vc)( t Zzgc*)|]( Zq-.ZV 5zZc*-ZvmzW!z |]0{gZvgzZe$ZrVug e^v^iqV

    -Zv nQ)~V(ZwHZycKZa?ZvgwzVz_.(|]gZv -ZvmzW!z c*0*)4+g mzW!z

    .ZV5zZc*Zzg)ZZKV3z Gs[D(t.ZVVcX)ZkNZ[ZyX(

    )Z!Zz[Z>!*[a^G

    ZYZg$1861`2m081(^uk

    t~K}Zy LLKZa? |]**gZv\ZkZwgzbZkNZ[VXZkxZ$ ELz](ZqwSNZ[>]4EOGXWy*VJ-U*"$V',',zVWTYCg[\@*

    )\61g>Zl:28( )F,9.0 EJ+ZZy:ZzgZy!*\(W(X ^]ea^^v^

    56

  • Z60*Z]c*XY0*E~oqD -ZvmzK!z #- EEL*XviDxyBz){~zu~qzVB0*gZy~.tug$XZkug$txZZNZ[Zpi!*yZZ**]4EOGL/}.Zc*Zk

    )pfZi%K>Z`3m401501( NZ[#VXLLx' N{ d-

    IGELgZZ\!*E0Zs|])**Z1k Ogg~Z#',(:

    GXZDgZwNZ[Yw: (nzZZ#ez){C])(x(ZNZ[MhX 1)(ZVeZV',**ZYtZNZ[fgZX

  • (VVZNZ[,ZvzVgZy7gZ$1 Gt7NZ[ 10)}}AX

    (ZNZ[zZNZ[~zZ7CtZyZkVVZNZ[H 11)Zy',Z',$1 G}(xHT6,Zkk)VZ[Zkk' NzVZNZ[HCZq-kk)VqZNZ[zZZq-kZzgZ/Zq-DZgZNZ[HZk

    FoF]]n^ kDZgkX)x' N{m11( (ZNZ[syMhX 12)m

    HW`W\iZzgzgZyqzq)q$+y~b~Zzgqw~//Z(aZ?2~;BZVWZ[pg3?

    )27Z]m31(^

    zu Zv\mzKhz] !)VZzgZyNZ[]{VZw $q$ m^h_F1=X

    $ MMZ]X $q m^]#=g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=

    Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]v^=p]%$$

    n^oe`jmj^^]$ ]# ]$ f]#e

    c*G Zvgw)( G |]Zv0/z)gzZe$(

    58

  • $ j^ ]%n^$^

    Zzg Oq).Z.{q( g~*

    ]]$^v nj^]%n^

    (g])~( *4+Oq-Zv :|]Zv0/zgZvgzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iq

    c*g~*Zq-Oqi0+Zzg*4+Oq(g]X mzW!z)Z[Z]db!*[ZP>Z`6m96(

    ^ukF,9* E0+ZZy:?z*', j^]%n^n LL ZKy*%EMQghY@*g[\@*

    )\5ZY77( hZX5YZxgZv\DZ/*+YizZwz}DZg}gc*YgzZ?Zk~WYCZzgZ]!*CY@*Xg]4+OqZknc*H(~%(z{Qyz~zV|]ZgZv

    ~c*)(}.Zc**~(~}ZzgWy]~ ZZe$^!i^o]%n^uXX \Z[XXZh~}.ZgZ+',~~}.Z LLyZ[~ ZdjgZzgWv

    )%K>Z`5m4( Z[X^$ MMZ]X zu Zv\mzKhz] $q$ m^h_F1=

    g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz]M ner^]$fo]n K

    59

  • ]vm&]%^o]%$

    `]# ^ ^ fe^Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |$0 GGE0%)gzZe$(

    ^ ]*i%]e ]*u%^\%

    z{o)$( ?7gZz Z_~ZF,+t

    ]t ]jvje

    TV Tfg)?'wH-Zvm |]0%gZvgzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*:)b(V~To7gZ**vg}nic*{Zz{zo zW!zTfg)?gVTVZLn'wHX

    ZZg$1272`2m022( ... )9Zg~[Zzo!*[ZzoZ+

    ^ukZko%Z$c*~**yzpz){1htZk%Zxz{Y,^bc*bzYNXV8EL%]c*Zk({z0+~zV[bzg]s%6,'Z%zg7gZ}Zzg%sg]6,'Z

    )%K>Z`5m33( g]zg7gZ}X/Zxe0+~(gzkVg]~$Hg 30.618 $kg)z!h])pfZig

  • z{$TZZ5cHgX$V~Z#J-z{:/g}g] : $V (2)_Z(g7Zzg7g~Cz_c$ZzgZLCgzu$X

    z{$:]bZg0*c*Zzg:HgX$~@*z4]c*:t : (3))g

  • -ZvmzW! |]Z1Ck,{gZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqVc*Z/~z{Zv\Z)zu}(>{}g]zgz{ZL z

    )YZn~[Zq!*[YYhZz`Zg$2611`2m683( C>{}X^uk

    >{!]Zzg>WwZxzu~kV~zV>WY,^XZkug$xZg-Zv\mzK!zZx=DZ/~>{XtxZ{z0+tic*{Zzgg]ZkZ**]]tbZn{z0+Zk>}@*X

    )%K>Z`5m79( {z0+Z)zWZzg~ZkCY,^WYXc*g]Z#0*vVi,7,Zzggpygzi} -ZvmzW!z Zq-Zzgug$~ug

    gZzgZK}ZzgCZ)}ATgzZi}eZ4)70GGZz1YZ0%Zg$0388`6m633( X

    ^$ MMZ]X zu Zv\mzKhz] ! $q$ m^h_F1

    g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]]e$]%$

    qjol]# ^ ^k ].(

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]Q)gzZe$(

    q^ ^ik ]*m%^]]*

    Zk)g](C Zkqw~ %Y g]

    62

  • ]r$ =k ] ^

    A~ Z4)z{g]( gZ Zk)g](-Zv\mzW! |]ZxgZv\gzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*g]Zkqw~Zw}ZkCZkgZZzgplz{g]MX z)>Z@[Z]db!*[>ZYZg$6523`1m795(

    ^ukV{z0+%Zys{z0+XtoY"+{z0+g]i

    )%K> **gZnDZkOXY"6,{QgZDtg"ZZXZ`5m79(Tbg]6,CtZbC6,g]tX0Zq-ug$0*u~ZgZ:Z#?3ZZ#?ZzZzgZ/q!*]6,wZZk6,:gzZzgZ%ENZ:ZzgZ:ghz1y~X

    ZZg$2412`2m553( ... )Z!Zz[Z]db!*[h%Z>^$ MMZ]X zu Zv\mzKhz] ! $q$ m^h_F1

    g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]^$]%$

    ^ ]$fo( e=

    c* ( -ZvmzW!z ) |]Z0&)gzZe$D(

    63

  • ^] ]*

    Z# 6,{~gppq g]

    ]\$n_^ ]j\^ qk

    -y {ZV8Zk)g]( z{)g](-Zvm |]Z0&gZvgzZe$ZvgwzVz e^v^iqV

    c*g]g]6,}~gppqZ#z{!*C-yZkg@* zW!z)YZn~[Z]db!*[81Zg$6711`2m293( X

    ^ukTC**&ELgzxg]"6,{gxzZV ^m^o]`^ L g]pL

    !-EWLLqNg9c*Zk!-EW ]j\] n)zxZzgOZwzZVnXV{~ZYb@*vZNgBXg]Z#"6,{C-yV{~Z

    ?z{pZ{(Z{Zg6,Zg]ZzgZKZzZhxCZzg6,Zc*wZzgZK=ic*{xDXug-Zv\mzK!zty!*~Wg;vZKpzg]-VeDzu~$+g]gV6,vX

    )%K>Z`5m6171(WiZgVcFZzgzVVZzg0*VVZgZ$+yg]X)VZyZIYZ7gZ$+y**nZyg])' MzVtIXu\!*wZzg/y

    )pfZig

  • )-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=-Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K

    ]vm&]^=]%$

    l^m^[ ^k ]*$^ ](

    0*k Gz{)Z( |]Zx)gzZe$(

    ]*f ^k n ]#

    Wt Zzg:)( Zvgw)(

    ne^]^e^vr^h ]e]j}.#~qZzgZkz)gV(6,}[ "# ug QxxdW)Zzg(

    k ]ujrf^ ^]#

    ~n Zy 6,{?zV c*Zvgw

    n ]* m^]#

    t)Z0Zxx( 7)( H ( -ZvmzW!z Z}Zvgw)

    ^]# mf^m^ ]*Fo

    c*Zvgw :N0*N:Yy0*N **C

    if] ]]*j^]j^ ]*n^[

    [Zy ZzgH?zV7 H?zV**C?

    65

  • |]ZxgZvgzZe$~Zzg|]:gZvug e^v^iqV}.#~q)Zq-**C!(|]Z0QLOxgZvt -ZvmzW!z

    )zV -ZvmzW!z }.#~WgZvgwzVz -ZvmzW!z g-Zv (c*6,{X)|]ZxgZvC(~nHc*gwZv!zVz

    c*:H?zV -ZvmzW!z Hz{**C7?z{7NXug mzW!z**CH?Z77d?

    )YZn~[Z[!*[YYZ[ZYZYwZg$7872`4m653(^uk

    g] )%K>Z`5m02( g]z%6,z6,{zZZ#:%Zbg]A:Zbg]%XZb%sz%%s**snJ-7N$!*ZIYs$g]BxZks]aZ7ZzgZ/

    )ZsZtzWZ[m69()g< ]7$}gXz61m67(

    ^$ MMZ]X zu Zv\mzKhz] ! $q$ m^h_F1

    g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K]vm&]^e]%$

    ]qfnl1^i>i`^o[]$fo^

    c* "# gzZe$DW\ -ZvmzW!z |]/

    66

  • e^]* q m$

    g]B % C/7

    ]\$n_^ $^%^ ]$^

    -y Zy~Z 1@*c* -Zv\mzW!z |]/gZvgzZe$Zvgw e^v^iqV

    %Z8540 EEEGg]B~7@*pZkqw~z;Vzz{Z-y@*)YZn~[Zq!*[YYZ0GGZpwZZ.5 EG]Zg$4711`2m193( X

    ^ukZ#Zbg]B~@*pZ{zV0*iVZzgnV-yzV',Z6,zgQg@*ZzgzVV~zgyaZ@*{i**zZZ}ZknZ+]Zoe34/ XGJkH{Z[egggz1c4,!zixgzX

    )%K>Z`5m12(Z8540 EEEGg]B]zVZq-ky~**wZx;VZ/z{!*1hSg]].7]$XgxB]Y,^zVZq-ky~Mh1gZzg

    )Zs kBY,^7tZyVXZKg]Zyzu}CXZtzWZ[m201()g

  • ]vm&]%^]%$

    ^m2n^ ]*$]$fo$ ]e

    c* ( -ZvmzW!z ) |])Zv(Z0/)gzZe$(

    ]_$ ]o]#i^Fo ]v ]*e

    :t)( Zv\4,q- 'w ic*{**Ih+{ -ZvmzW!z |]Z0/gZvgzZe$Zvgw e^v^iqV

    c*x'wqzV~}.Z4,q-**Ih+{q:tX)Z!Zz[Zt!*[Z0GGZtZg$8712`2m073(

    ^uk)pfZig{7q,'w147g%y

    )%K>Z`5m211( ~i7,|8z){X

    (! EE 3 (!*) 2 (gy) 1) :t)!*gz(&nX V:z{Tg]Zwb7]Z0+gCgYpZ{g]gZc*: gy (1)

    X;VZ/]/gYZzgg:}Zkzb1CQg]%bY'!zg]7X

    :z{Tg]Z|gbYCXg]%C]Z0+gbYZzg !* (2)]X'!zg]7X

    :z{g]gUbZzgZ[g]%'!CZzwcY,^:X ! EE (3))pfZiZZgZg$m623723g

  • ^$ MMZ]X zu Zv\mzKhz] ! $q$ m^h_F1

    g~"8h L[! EEL]X $q m^]#=Zs$ MMjw~S]4 GLG#X $q$ m^]#=\CFO^

    ILLgwX $q$ m^]#)-Zv\mzKhz] (X Q! GL8[ $q$ m^]#=

    -Zv\mzKhz] ner^]$fo]n K ]vm&]j^]%$$

    eq^,^]# ^ ^ $e^

    Zvgw)( c* )ZrV( |]N!*y)gzZe$(

    q^ k ]*m%^]]*

    ZLC)( Zw} g]

    v] on^e^ ^

    wZx)( %zz :t)(]r$ ]v n^

    A)( p Zk)g](6, -ZvmzW!z |]N!*ygZvgzZe$Zvgw e^v^iqV

    c*g]%wC:tfZk6,ApwZxX)Z!Zz[Zt!*[Z

    CE

    Zg$6222`2m093(^uk

    Vz{g]%Z%J1:tfXLLZ+g]A~Y**Hz;Vp:0*Zk%ZQz\Z)ZiA~Z4**(zg:Wygg}A~q

    69

  • )%K>Z`5m211( Z/pkHgVXZ/iz`zizz~**ZgSZzgtZ0+6Z0*~:Z+g]~g]s

    )g

  • ZyZYi]}~ZrVb1X -ZvmzW!z)9Zg~[Zt!*[93Zg$0235`3m305(

    ^ukz{{yqnZL{z0+z]Py^aZHkW%ZXZk6,Z#Z)qqn]8EMEbpZ{hc*z]zZZ/p:tc*z]Zq-4^aZ

    )%K>Z`5m051( YXZkX~.tug$XC:tc*Zkz]0*Yg]bNq**ZzgZq-i:J-ZOg**Z

  • ^]q,%/ZI
  • ,g~Xg YYZ/ )62(,h+,-Z6wg ZsZtzWZ[ )72(,$40 GEGZ=!*[Z=Zc x%{ )82(,$40 GEGZ=!*[Z=Zc 27Z] )92(

    73