4th Quarter Review

Topics

1. Pattern of Inheritance2. Advances in Molecular Genetics3. Human Genetic Traits4. Classification5. Origin of Life6. Evolution

What was Mendel most notably known for?

a. Father of Geneticsb. Father of Evolutionc. Father of the Jewsd. Father of Molecular Biology

Why did he study pea plants?

a. Easy to growb. Self-fertilizingc. Could study many generationsd. All of the above

Today, biologists refer to Mendel's factors as ____________.

a. Gametesb. Genesc. RNAd. Cytoplasm

Organisms that have two of the same alleles for a particular gene are called

________.

a. Heterozygousb. Gametesc. Dihybridsd. Homozygous

Organisms that have two different alleles for a particular gene are called

________.

a. Heterozygousb. Gametesc. Dihybridsd. Homozygous

When we have 46 chromosomes lined up by size and shape, it is

called _____________.a. Sequencingb. Karyotypec. Orderingd. Factoring

Green is dominant to yellow. Determine the genotype and phenotype ratios for a

heterozygous female and a homozygous dominant male

a. Geno: 25%(GG), 50% (Gg), 25% (gg)– Pheno: 50% green, 50% yellow

b. Geno: 25%(GG), 50% (Gg), 25% (gg)– Pheno: 75% green, 25% yellow

c. Geno: 50%(GG), 50% (Gg), 0% (gg)– Pheno: 100% green, 0% yellow

d. Geno: 0%(GG), 50% (Gg), 75% (gg)– Pheno: 0% green, 100% yellow

Organisms are products of their __________ and of their environment.

a. Heredityb. Colorc. Mitochondriad. Dermis

Cloning produces organisms that have _____________.

a. Identical genesb. All dominant genesc. All recessive genesd. 2 complete sets of chromosomes

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a method of producing many

copies of a tiny sample of ______.a. DNAb. Chloroplastsc. Heart cellsd. Blood

Humans have a total of ____ pairs of chromosomes.

a. 17b. 23c. 100d. 46

Normal Human Female organisms have ______.

a. One X and one Y chromosomesb. No X chromosomesc. Two Y chromosomesd. Two X chromosomes

The blood type of a person with one B gene and one A gene is ___.

a. Ab. ABc. Od. B

Blood types

• Genes for group A and B are dominant over genes for group O.

• Possible genotypes are AA, AO, BB, BO,OO or AB.

• Since blood type A and type B are dominant they are said to share codominance.

What is a pedigree?a. Dog foodb. Chart used to look at a family’s genetic traitsc. Graph used to look at DNAd. Sequencing of gene.

This is an example of ________.a. Hemophiliab.Down syndrome (nondisjunction)c. Sickle cell anemiad.Color blindness

When an organism that is homozygous dominant is crossed with an organism that is

homozygous recessive,

a. All the offspring will have the phenotype of the dominant parent

b. Some will have the phenotype of the dominant parent and some for the recessive parent

c. You can’t tell from this informationd. The offspring will have varying genotypes.

The field of biology that studies inheritance of traits is _____.

a. Ecologyb. Embryologyc. Heredityd. Genetics

Because only tall plants were produced when purebred short and tall plants

were crossed, Mendel concluded that the tall trait is ______.

a. Dominantb. Purec. Recessived. Hidden

Pieces of DNA from one kind of organism that contains DNA from another kind of

organism is called ______.a. RNAb. Hybridsc. Plasmidsd. Recombinant DNA

The science of classifying things is called _____.

a. Taxonomyb. Evolutionc. Embryologyd. Phylogeny

The system of binomial nomenclature was developed

by____.a. Darwinb. Linnaeusc. Rayd. Aristotle

Which of the following is not a reason to classify organisms?

a. To make it easier to identify unknown organisms

b. To show relationships among organismsc. To organize information about different

types of organismsd. To provide organisms with Latin names

What does a Scientific name consist of?

A. Kingdom orderB. Class speciesC. Phylum GenusD. Genus species

What is the correct way of writing the scientific name for a Lion?

A. panthera leo

B. Panthera leo

C. Panthera leo

D. panthera Leo

Which of the following is not used to classify organisms?

a. Common namesb. Physical appearancec. Embryologyd. Chromosome structure

The most closely related organisms belong to the same

a. Kingdomb. Speciesc. Genusd. Order

The meadow rose (Rosa blanda), cherry tree (Prunus avium), apple tree (Malus pumila), and

moss rose (Rosa centifolia) all belong to the Rosaceae Family. The 2 plants that belong to the

same genus are the ___.

a. Apple tree and cherry treeb. Moss rose and meadow rosec. Moss rose and apple treed. Meadow rose and cherry tree

The Classification group with the most different kinds of organisms is _____.

a. Genusb. Familyc. Kingdomd. Phylum

All of the following are part of Darwin’s theory of evolution except ____.

a. Competitionb. Variationsc. Acquired characteristicsd. Survival of the fittest

The process of evolution through slow change is called _____.

a. Gradualismb. Punctuated equilibriumc. Speciationd. Variations

The Kaibab squirrel and Abert squirrel live on opposite sides of the Grand Canyon. The

development of these 2 species of squirrels from a common ancestor was most likely a

result from ___. a. Mutation then migrationb. Gradualismc. Geographic isolationd. Mutation

All of the following can cause changes in the gene pool of a

population except ____.

a. Migrationb. Natural selectionc. Overproductiond. Mutations

All the blackbirds that live in a certain forest make up a _____.

a. Migrationb. Kingdomc. Phylumd. Population

According to the theory of natural selection, organisms that are well adapted to their environment ___.

a. Usually migrate elsewhereb. Survive to pass on their traits to their

offspringc. Add new genes to the gene poold. Form a population

The major cause for changes in the gene pool of a population is _____.a. Natural selectionb. Mutationc. Migrationd. Reproductive isolation

Geographic isolation occurs when _____.

a. Organisms in a population can no longer produce offspring

b. The structure of a gene changesc. A physical barrier separates 2 populationsd. Members of species move into a population