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DRAFT / Housing Studio Kabadkhana:Inclusive City // Global S tudio Bho pal 2012

KABADKHANA:the makings of

a community

DRAFTJanuary 27 2012

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3 # Project Description

4 # Approach and Design process

8 # Community Analysis

9 # The Madrasi Colony Solution

12 # Case Studies

14 # Case Study 1: Open Spaces

22 # Case Study 2: Streetscape

34 # Case Study 3: Naala

44 # Housing

47 # Team Members

48 # Acknowledgements & References

49 # Contacts

CONTENTS

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The Housing Studio takes its departure from the

current policy initiative under Rajiv Awas Yojana(RAY), a agship program for proiding Hosing

and Basic services to the urban poor. The

studio investigated current practice of povertyalleviation as realized in a recent housingproject for the Madrasi Colony slum, whichprovided new G+3 residential dwellings on the

site of the former slum. In contradistinction tothe development approach applied at MadrasiColony, the studio went on to investigatealternative, scaled and participatory design

methods, as propagated by RAY, to improvea notied slm in the Kabadkhana area in the

northern part of Bhopal. The intent of the studio

is to understand the existing neighborhood asan intricate material, spatial and social fabric,and to provide case study approaches andsolutions to build upon the existing qualities of

the place to improve the living conditions of theurban poor.

kabadkhana(+):studio housing

Three major case stdy areas were identied

and worked on, namely the existing open and

public spaces in and around the public middleschool to rethink the potential of open spaces tostrengthen community and public life, the naalaalong the northern border of our study site to

rethink water management and how it relates tothe material ows within the neighborhood, and

lastly an exemplary street section connecting

the naala and open public spaces to investigatethe domestic reality of the neighborhood.The investigations and design proposalswere developed under the preposition that

it is preferable to work with and build uponthe existing materiality and built fabric of aneighborhood rather then to erase and build

anew. The wide range of proposals serve toillustrate possible material solutions as well as

processes applied to build upon found qualities

of any particular slum site. RAY acknowledgesa scaled approach from basic services to in-

ll improements and to entirely new hosing

developments. Based upon our design research,propositions for new housing schemes weredeveloped, and suggestions for materialstandards in larger scale housing developments.

project description

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approach and processes1

1. Interviews with local community2. Using Replay Method to involve the children.3. Garbage collection at school4. Taking measurements for proposed site5. Building relationships to understand daily routines

2 3

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approach and processThe traditional understanding of the design

process focuses on a linear approach, wherethe process is a series of distinct stages leading

to a nal prodct. In this approach, different

actors and disciplines contribute their particularknowledge and expertise at key stages duringthe design process. However this linear

approach is not suitable for complex problemsolving, instead it needs to be cyclic andreectie process where all design disciplines

are involved at every stage. Collaboration

between all members of the team generatesinnovative outcomes and is imperative if thegoal is to enhance and to do justice to thecomplex and multifaceted social and material

realities of the urban poor.

During the preparation and execution of our

design research, our team of architects, urbandesigners, planners and researchers workedclosely together on a variety of participatorymethods to understand the executed solution

at Madrasi Colony and to arrive at inclusive andparticipatory sggestions for the Kabadkhana

neighbourhood.

At Madrasi Colony we surveyed the materialevidence in regards to quality, use andhierarchies of spaces, construction quality,

and qualitative narrative assessments by theinhabitants.

We approached the design task at Kabadkhana

with two strategies in mind:a) identifying the perceptions of the spatial andsocial realities of the community andb) to use our own observations as basis for

design recommendations. These two sets ofinformation were put into dialogue throughcommunity interaction and discussions of designproposals with community stakeholders.

THE DESIGN PROCESS COMPARISON NON-SEQUENTIAL PRO-

understanding

Photo Essay

Listening

DEFINEobserve createideas

TEST

PROTOTYPE

Site visits

Photo essaysurveysinterviews

Identication

of 5 issues3 projects

sketches

draws

modeling

sketchesmodels

events

educationmaterial

New Parallel Process ing

yesterday

today

Project EndeProject Start

Project EndeProject Start

Single -discipl neAlone work

yesterday

todayProject EndeProject Start

Cross-disciplne

Complex

Proble ms

throughthe design

process

Multip le

Discip line

Singl e

Discipl ine

yesterday

Singl e

Proble ms

today

MULTIDICIPLINARY PRO-

DESIGN THINKING MODEL FOR PARTICIPATORY DE-SIGN

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design process case studyOn the basis of community input and our ownobservations a set of educational, spatial and

material interventions were developed thatcan strengthen and improve the found urbanconditions on a short, mid- and long-term basis.The community input and engagement was

solicited through three strategies:

1) Identify community stake holders, such aseducational, religious and other community

decision makers and facilitators.2)Engage with Children both formallyand informally focusing on the children asgatekeepers to the community both in a spatial

and social sense. Games in classroom and ininformal environments were used for communitymapping and as entrance to other members of

the community (parents, teachers etc.)3)Spatial Obserations throgh eldworkBoth qualitative and material problems were

identied by talking to the commnity and

through informal observation and mappings.The design process of underwent various loopswith involving the stakeholders during the

development of the proposals.

SITE ANALYSIS/ DATA COLLECTIONInterviews with principal, local community

Replay mapping exercises with the children

Walks with children onsite

Involving community in taking photographs oftheir daily routines

PARTICIPATORY DESIGN OUTCOMETaking measurements with local community

Turning locals desires into a spatial reality

Educating locals on technology and design

options through prototypes

DESIGN PROPOSAL

outcomesThe outcomes of our research and design studiowere manifold and correspond to the various

agendas to frame our proposals. The guidingquestions were:1) What are the deciencies of the MadrasiColony that can serve as lessons learned

for future policy, development and building

approaches?2) What are the qalities of the Kabadkhananeighbourhood that can be strengthened andbuilt upon for improving and upgrading theneighbourhood?3) What are the problems within the

neighbourhood on a material and urban levelthat require improvement as perceived throughthe community?

In regards to the Madrasi Colony we perceivedvoiced discontent by the inhabitants regardingvarious aspects of the new housing, such as lackof livelihood spaces, affordability, open drainage

and qality of bilding. Frther we perceied

some basic and easily aoidable design aws

such as lack of diversity in the dwelling units,

missing cross ventilation, and under utilisedspaces for ventilation and daylighting. In regardsto the overall layout of the settlement a distinctlack of consideration to the public and open

spaces was the general perception.Despite the fact that the Kabadkhana site is

classied as notied slm we encontered a

multifaceted community with a rich layeringof social and spatial evidence. A number of

open and public spaces was used by differentmembers of the community at different times

and for different occasions and we perceiveda quality and attachment that marks a livingcommunity.

The problems that were voiced by thecommunity and that were also noted by theteam through on-site observations concerned

water and waste water, garbage removal,education and basic services.

MEMORY GAME

DETAILED DESIGN PROCESS

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initial thoughtsWe began by asking ourselves What are slums?And the answers seemed to always fall into

three categories - living conditions, relationshipsand personal perceptions. From this point we

started to communicate with the residents and

occupants of the neighborhood, asking themwhat it is they needed and what they wanted toimprove their living conditions.

The initial site visits made us aware ofsomething we had taken for granted of all thesewhileour carpet term community did not do

jstication to the rich cltres, personalities,history, landscape that layered Kabadkhana. To

consider community as a homogenous group ofdesires, needs and characteristics and propose

design according to such presumptions wouldhave negative implications because the root

of the isses will not be sfciently addressed.

If we were to bring a signicant change in a

sensitive manner, the word community wouldrequire a more in depth exploration.

what is community?RELATION-

SHIPS

APOSITIVE

FuTuRE

PLACEMAKING

+

KABADKHANA:what peoplewant

ELDERLY

WOMEN

MEN

CHILDREN

OUTDOOR

INDOOR

STREETS

HOUSES

COMMUNITY

CENTERS

PARKS

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Housing Studio Kabadkhana:Inclusive City // Global S tudio Bho pal 2012

is madrasi colony G+3the solution?

PROCESSAt rst we isited Madrasi colony and tried to

understand what a rehabilitation project for a

slum is? What has government done for theslum dwellers? We collected information about

their lifestyles, socio-economic status, physicaland environmental status along with currentservices provided to them. We also went to

Kabadkhana, as one of the notied slms of

Bhopal to understand what a slum is and how

do the people live there?We did a srey in Kabadkhana becase

learnings were not done by us in Madrasi colony

before JNNURM project intervention. Henceit was necessary to understand the slum, thecommunities living in slums, their need andissues.

There we learnt what is the actual need of thecommunity in terms of living together and worktogether.

Based on our understandings/learnings andlooking into the issues generated out ofRehabilitation project like that in Madrasi colony

we again came to Madrasi colony and tried tocheck issues with regard to not only physical butthe social aspect. Hence we tried to redesign thehousing clusters with our perception applying

certain concepts like Incremental housing. Wealso gae proposals for the Kabadkhana to

improve their lifestyles by giving proposals andidentifying major issues like Garbage disposal,drinking water, Naala redevelopment, andmaking children aware of how can they solvetheir small problems by the things available all

around them.

uDPFI gidelines and Bhopal Master Plan are the

main governing bye-laws that we have followed.

COMMuNITY LIFE

OVERVIEW

BROKEN WALLS

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POLICY FRAMEWORK MADRASI

High-rise Multi-Level Construction:

Sr.No.

Standard Height above 24meters

18 to 24 metershigh buildings

12.5 to 18.0meter highbuildings

1 Plot Size 2000 sq. m 1500 sq. m 1000 sq. m

2 Frontage of ploton wider road

30 m minimum 21 m minimum 18 m

3 Minimum widthof road

Not less than 30m

Not less than 18m

12 m

4 Front OpenSpace

Minimum Half ofthe height ofproposedbuilding

12.0 m 9.0 m

5 Side and RearOpen Space

Minimum ofbuilding height

6.0 m 6.0 m

6 GroundCoverage

30 % 30 % 30 %

7 F. A. R. 1:2.0 1:1.50 1:1.30

8Marginal open spaces should be kept free from obstructions for fire-fighting vehicles.

9Parking provisions should be as per Madhya Pradesh Bhumi Vikas Rules,1984, Rule 82.

10Fire fighting equipments and related provisions, water supply, wastewaterdisposal arrangements etc shall be as per Madhya Pradesh Bhumi VikasRules, 1984 and latest provisions of National Building Code..

11

Prior to Construction of High Rise Buildings, permission from Committeeformed under Rule 14 (a) of Madhya Pradesh Bhumi Vikas Rules, 1984must be obtained. Only after that Competent officer depending upon

jurisdiction can give relevant permission.

12These provisions are for all categories of uses and not withstanding anyprovisions in any specified uses in any zone, if the height exceed 18.0meters refer (M.P. Bhumi Vikas Niyam 1984)

BY-LAWS

Number of Dwelling Units shall be 104 perhectare and the population shall be 250persons per hectare (Maximum).

For plots with area greater than 5000 sqare

meters, grond coerage and F.A.R. calclations

will be applicable to 60% of land area only and

this provision will be applicable to multi-storeybuildings, group housing and all other typesof schemes.

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what is community:learning from kabadkhanaThis proposal looks at the Kabadkhana area,

specically the site bordered by Chhola Road

to the east, the Veer Sawarkar statue andattached road to the south, the forested area tothe west and the naala to the north. This area is

typied by semi-pcca hosing, inter dispersed

with occasional pucca houses and clusters ofkucha houses bordering the naala. In terms of

slm settlements this area is signicantly more

developed than many, but still lacks muchinfrastructure including a permanent drainagenetwork, sanitation systems and connection

to municipal water in most areas. There is alarge waste disposal issue, particularly in thenaala, which leads to health issues within thecommunity and the children.

The majority of work for men within the

commnity comes the Kabadkhana scrap yardsand the burgeoning workshops along ChholaRoad. The womens role is predominantly ahousehold one; doing washing and cleaningduring the day whilst the men are working and

the children are at school or playing.

The community has a fairly even disbursement

of Hindi and Muslim families, and as such hasboth Hindu temples, and Muslim mosquessituated within the sites boundaries. There isalso one government primary - middle school,

one government high school and a privateMuslim school situated within the community.

CIRCULATION

HOME STREETS

WOMEN

Documents

4. Gs2012_chapter 2