4-CBEWS by Monteverde

8/3/2019 4-CBEWS by Monteverde

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Community-Based Flood

Early Warning System(CBFEWS)

Ma. Cecilia A. Monteverde

Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)Department of Science and Technology (DOST)


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Outline of Presentation

IntroductionCBFEWS

o Activitieso Stakeholders

o etc.


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The geographic andgeologic setting of the

Philippines make it proneto various hazards,including: climate/weather-

related- average of 20TC/year; 90% of theseaffect the country

The Philippines: A Hazard Prone Country

Guinsaugon, St. Bernard

landslide storm surge Tornado Other ExtremeWeather Events


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Tracks of tropical cyclones (1148 entered PAR) thatformed in the Western North Pacific (WNP) - 1948 - 2006


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FREQUENCY OF FLOOD IN CITIES &MUNICIPALITIES

THE STUDY ON THE NATIONWIDEFLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT AND THEFLOOD MITIGATION PLAN FOR THESELECTED AREAS IN THE REPUBLICOF THE PHILIPPINES: JICA, 2004


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River Basins in the Philippines

18 Majors420 principal rivers

Monitored river basins

4 fully automatic2 combination ofautomatic & manualSeveral manual orcommunity based


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What is Early Warning System

EWS - provides an effective solution to this

by giving people sufficient time toevacuate and protect their propertyfrom an impending hazard.


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Why pursue a CBFEWS?

It empowers local government units(LGUs) and the communities to protectthemselves against floods. The community and LGUs are in thebest position to undertakepreparedness measures against floods. It promotes a sense of ownership onthe part of the LGUs, hence it is easierto sustain.


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Objectives and Activities underCBFEWSCBFEWS - mechanism for

monitoring and registering rain

data and river behaviorupstream to provide timelywarnings to downstreamcommunities from a possible

flood.


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River basin approach

Network Design is based on river basin approach.

At riskcommunities


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Partners:

1. Community2. Local government units (LGUs)3. National government (OCD, DOST,academe, etc.)4. Scientific institutions5. NGOs6. Foreign donors


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The Community

The community is an important component of CBFEWS.The observation and transmission of data and theissuance and dissemination of flood warnings to theOperation Center will be undertaken by the trained

municipal and/or barangay/personnel volunteers.

Operation Center

Designates the barangay/municipal volunteers Carry-out the necessary disaster activities and provide

the community with the information during extreme events. Responsible in the maintenance of the instrumentsassigned to them.


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Design of a Community-based Flood EarlyWarning System (CBFEWS)

1. Telemetered or fully automatic system

2. Manual system (observation, transmission ofobserved data by the community)

3. Combination of telemetered and manualsystems


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Facilities of a Telemetered Flood Forecasting andWarning System (FFWS)

1. Telemetered or fully automatic system

Rainfall station

Water Level station

Flood Forecasting & Warning Center

Warning station

Relay (Repeater)station

Patrol cars

Telemetering equipment

Control station

Field Center


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2. Manual flood early warning system

involves institutions, instrumentation & community people centered economical flood mitigating measure


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1. Raingauges2. Water Level gauges3. Tide Gauges4. Communication facilities

Instrumentations

1. Raingauge

2. Water Level gauge

4. Communicationfacilities

1. Raingauge


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SAMPLE OF MANUAL RAINGAUGE


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Activities of CBFEWS (Implementation Phase)

Coordination with LGUs & other institutions

Data gathering , survey and design of network

Procurement, fabrication & installation of equipment

Setting of hydromet parameters for observation

On-site training of Observers & members of community

IEC, Dry run/flood drill

Signing of MOA and turn-over of facilities

Operationalization


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1. CONSULTATION MEETINGS WITH LGUS

Conduct consultation meeting/workshop withstakeholders on the proposed EWS and acquirenecessary information for the establishment of the

EWS network.


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2. NETWORK DESIGN THRU TABLE TOP SURVEY


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2. OCULAR SURVEY OF PROPOSED SITES

OF MONITORING STATIONS


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digital and manual raingauges

water Level gauges

tide gauges

Batingaws

3. PROCUREMENT/FABRICATION OFCBFEWS INSTRUMENTS


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1. Threshold values of rainfall

Note: Threshold values of rainfall are based on previous studies, hence these arearbitrary. These values will be modified when sufficient data are available in the

Criteria for the issuance of warnings:


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Establishment of Assessment Levels forFlood Warning

River stage assessment levels: A. Critical (3), B. Alert (2)and C. Alarm (1) are determined based on available data,historical flood reports, interviews, and by empiricalformula and/or actual field measurements.

3333

3

2

1

3

2

1


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RIVER STAGE OR ASSESSMENT WATER LEVELS

Actual WaterLevel (m)

Meaning Flood Warningto be released

Level 1 Awareness(Paalala) READY

Level 2 Preparedness(Paghahanda) GET SET

Level 3 Response (Paglikas) GO

3333

3

2

1

3

2

1

Criteria for the issuance of warnings:

Note: Assessment water levels are based on surveys on the river at a particular cross section.Again, these values will be modified when sufficient observations are available.


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Rainfall Values Required Actions

15 mm or more withinan hour

Immediate pre-disaster actions, reportto the Emergency Operation Center(EOC).

If 3-hourly observationis 20 mm to 30 mm

Immediate reporting to EOC, disastermitigating and preparedness activitieswill be initiated upon advice of EOC.

If 3-hourly observationis > 30 mm, continuousrainfall

Inform the DCCs through the EOC toinitiate evacuation activities at low-lying areas and those located at thenear the river channel.

Rainfall Threshold


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Flood warning consists of the following:

1. Rainfall data2. Water level data

3. Soil condition for the past days4. Weather condition


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5. TRAINING OF OBSERVERS

OJT on Rainfall Observation

The role of observers in the monitoring ofhydrological information and the timeliness ofproviding the observed data and information is themost critical part of the program.

PAGASA will train the volunteers how to measure

the rainfall and water/tide gauges and the

reporting procedures to the Emergency

Operation Center.

Hazard Maps will also be prepared to identify theboundaries within which the warning system andevacuation procedure should be effective.


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RR Stn. -

RR Stn 1

RR Stn.2

Operation

center -

WL Stn. 2

WL Stn.1

Community

Flood

Warning

Flow of Data / Information SystemRainfallWater

level

Station network

5. DRY RUN / PILOT TESTING


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6. SIGNING OF A MEMORANDUM OF

AGREEMENT (MOA)CBFEWS will be realized through Memorandum of Agreementsamong PAGASA, LGUs and other stakeholders. Under theMOA, the responsibilities of each stakeholders are defined andstated to ensure smooth implementation of the program.

The passage or enactment of local laws/ordinance to reserve acertain amount of money for the continuous operation andmaintenance of the EWS. This is important for thesustainability

of the project.


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Real-time Data Transmission

RR Observers

Water LeverObservers

Emergency

Operation Center

ProvincialDisaster

CoordinatingCouncil

RegionalDisaster

CoordinatingCouncil

PAGASALocal Station

Flood Advisory

Warning

Flood Advisory

Warning

Weather

Update / Info

Weather

Update/Info

Data/Flood

Advisory/

Warning

Target Community


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Non-Real time Data Transmission

RR Observers

Water LeverObservers

Emergency

Operation Center

ProvincialDisaster

CoordinatingCouncil

PAGASACentral Office

PAGASALocal Station

Monthly

Data

Monthly

Data

Monthly

Data


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Radio or Telephone is used to relay data andinformation between the monitoring stations, thebarangay disaster action teams, and the mainoperation system. All the efforts of prevention,

detection and decision making would be uselessunless all the information (rainfall and waterlevel/tide data) and other information are properlycommunicated to the public and the end-users.

Batingaw or public address are used todisseminate flood warnings and other disasterresponse activities.

PASILIDAD PANGKOMUNIKASYON

Communication Facilities


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7. Turn-over Ceremony


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Preparation of Operations Manual


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Republic of the PhilippinesDepartment of Science and Technology (DOST)Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical ServicesAdministration (PAGASA)

FLOOD FORECASTING BRANCHRainfall Observation

(using Tipping Bucket with Digital LCD monitor)Community-Based Flood Early Warning System

(CBFEWS)


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Republic of the PhilippinesDepartment of Science and Technology (DOST)Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical andAstronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)

FLOOD FORECASTING BRANCH

RIVER STAGE OBSERVATION


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Signages for flashfloodsand landslides


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For any disaster warning system tosucceed, several components arenecessary:

Technology to detect and monitor the hazard;

Communication systems to alert the public;

Local leaders trained to make the right decisions; A public that is educated to react appropriately to

warnings; and

Response protocols such as evacuation plans

prepared and rehearsed well in advance of thethreat.

C


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Cities and towns have something in common:

a new awareness and politicalcommitment to protect communities

from future disasters.This kind of awareness and commitment,

unfortunatelyusually comes afteradisaster strikes.


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For more information, VISIT us athttp://www.pagasa.dost.gov.ph

SALAMAT PO!
http://f/wiki/New_Orleans

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4-CBEWS by Monteverde