Adjective Clauses:

Review and Expansion 4

Focus on Grammar 5

Part IV, Unit 11

By Ruth Luman, Gabriele Steiner, and BJ Wells Copyright © 2006. Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

The Fearless Princess A Fairytale

Once upon a time, there was a prince.

He decided to take a walk in a dark and scary forest.

All of a sudden, a terrible storm moved in…

…and the prince got

completely lost.

In the morning, a terrifying dragon found the prince. The prince became very, very scared.

Suddenly a knight in armor appeared from behind a tree and attacked the dragon.

Now, the terrible dragon was afraid and ran away.

When the prince walked up to the knight, the knight took off his armor …

… and a beautiful princess stood in front of him.

She was strong and smart and sweet …

… and she took him to her castle where they lived

happily ever after.

Can you complete these definitions?

An adjective clause is a …

Adjective clause pronouns (or relative

pronouns) are …

An adjective describes or modifies a noun or pronoun.

An adjective clause is a dependent clause

that describes a noun or pronoun in a main clause.

Adjective clause pronouns (or relative pronouns)

are who, whom, which, and that.

Definitions

An adjective describes …

This is the prince

who got lost.

Here is the knight

that the prince respects.

This is the princess who

saved the prince.

Relative Pronouns 1

Use who and that to refer to people.

The knight holds the sword

which scared the dragon.

The dragon that scared the

prince spits fire.

Relative Pronouns 2

Use which and that to refer to things.

This is the princess

that saved the prince’s life.

Relative Pronouns 3

The knight holds the sword

that scared the dragon.

That is less formal than who and which.

He attacked the dragon.

Here is the knight.

noun adjective clause

describes the noun

Adjective Clauses 1

subject

Here is the knight who attacked the dragon.

Do you see the dragon that scared the prince?

It scared the prince.

Do you see the dragon?

noun

Adjective Clauses 2

adjective clause

describes the noun

subject

The dragon was dangerous.

The knight attacked the dragon.

The dragon that the knight attacked was very dangerous.

noun adjective clause

describes the noun

Adjective Clauses 3

subject object

The prince was scared.

The princess saved him.

The prince whom the princess saved was scared.

noun

adjective clause

describes the noun

Adjective Clauses 4

subject object

Who and

what

are these

fairytale

figures and

items?

Form sentences with

adjective clauses. Practice 1

1

2 3

4

5

They lived in her castle.

The princess was powerful.

The princess whose castle they lived in was powerful.

noun

Using Whose 1

Use whose to replace a possessive adjective.

An adjective clause with whose can modify people.

Its appearance terrified the prince.

The dragon whose appearance terrified the prince ran away.

noun

Using Whose 2

An adjective clause with whose can also

modify things.

The dragon ran away.

1. The dragon is dangerous. His

fire and smoke scare everyone.

Practice 2 Combine the sentences below.

Change the second sentence to

an adjective clause.

2. The storm is frightening. The prince is walking through the

storm.

The storm, through which the prince is

walking, is frightening.

3. The princess is fearless. The prince escapes with her.

The princess, with whom the prince

escapes, is fearless.

The dragon, whose fire and smoke

scare everyone, is dangerous.

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education and

its licensors. All rights reserved.

References