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5Oracle Data IntegratorTransformations: Adding More Complexity

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Multiple Sources

• You can add more than one source datastore to an interface.

• These datastores must be linked using joins.• Two ways to create joins:

• References in the models automatically become joins in the diagram.

• Joins must be manually defined in the diagram for isolated datastores.

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1. Drag and drop a column from one datastore onto a column in another datastore.

A join linking the two datastore appears in the diagram. In the join code box, an expression joining the two columns

also appears.2. Modify the join expression to create the required relation.

• You can use the expression editor.3. Check the expression’s syntax if possible.4. Test the join if possible.

Manually Creating a Join

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Setting up a Join

SQL join expression (technology dependant)

Execution location

Join typeInner/Outer, Left/Right.

Use ISO-92 syntax

Join order (ISO-92 Syntax)

Expression editor

Save expression

Validate expression

Automatically calculate order

Joins can be defined across technologies (here a database table and a flat file)

The number of joins per interface is not limited

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Types of Joins

The following type of joins exist:

Cross Join

Inner Join

Left Outer Join

Right Outer Join

Full Outer Join

Cartesian Product. Every combination of any Customer with any Order, without restriction.

Only records where a customer and an order are linked.

All the customers combined with any linked orders, or blanks if none.

All the orders combined with any linked customer, or blanks if none.

All customers and all orders.

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Options for Filters, Joins and Mappings

• Active Mapping• When unchecked, the filter, join or mapping is disabled for this

interface

• Enable mapping for update and/or insert• Allows mappings to only apply to updates or inserts.

• By default, both insert and update are enabled

• Choose the update key by selecting the Key checkbox• Change the execution location of the filter, join or mapping.

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Setting Options for Filters, Joins and Mappings

Activate/DeactivateFor mappings, filters or joins

Execution LocationFor mappings, filters or joins

Insert/UpdateFor mappings

Part of the Update KeyFor target columns (mappings)• Active Mapping

• When unchecked, the filter, join or mapping is disabled for this interface

• Enable mapping for update and/or insert

• Allows mappings to only apply to updates or inserts.

• By default, both insert and update are enabled

• Choose the update key by selecting the Key checkbox

• Change the execution location of the filter, join or mapping.

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Note – Update Keys for Flow Control

To perform

Updates or use

Flow Control, you

must define an

update key for the

interface

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What is an Update Key?

An update key:• is a set of columns capable of uniquely identifying

one row in the target datastore• is used for performing updates and flow control• can be:

• one of the primary/unique keys defined for the datastore• defined specially for the interface

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How to Define the Update Key

1. Go to the Diagram tab of the interface2. Select the Target Datastore.3. Select the Update Key in the properties panel.

To define a new key in the Interface only1. Choose <Undefined> for the update key.2. Select one target column to make part of the update key.3. Check the Key checkbox in the properties panel.4. Repeat for each column in the update key.

To define a new key for the table that could be used in other interfaces1. Go back in the Model2. Expand the table3. Right-click on Constraints and add a new key (more on this in a

later chapter)

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How to Change the Execution Location

For mappings, filters and joins, you can choose where the operation will take place: source database, staging area or target database (mappings only, and for the mappings, only literals and database functions)

1. Go to the interface’s Diagram tab

2. Select the filter, join or mapping to edit.

3. Select an execution location from the properties panel.• Not every execution location is always possible.• Must be set to Active first.

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Why Change the Execution Location?

You may need to change the execution location if:• The technology at the current location does not have the

features required• Files, JMS, etc do not support transformations

• A required function is not available

• The current location is not available for processing• The machine can’t handle any more demand

• ODI does not allow this location• It is not possible to execute transformations on the target.

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What is the Flow?

Flow – The path taken by data from the sources to the target in an ODI interface.The flow determines where and how data will be extracted, transformed, then integrated into the target.

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What Defines the Flow?

Three factors:• Where the staging area is located

• On the target, on a source or on a third server

• How mappings, filters and joins are set up• Execution location: Source, target or staging area• Whether transformations are “active”

• Choice of Knowledge Modules• LKM: Loading Knowledge Module• IKM: Integration Knowledge Module

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A Data Integration Scenario

Source Sybase

ORDERS

LINES

CORRECTIONSFile

Target Oracle

SALES

Mapping- SALES = SUM(LINES.AMOUNT) + CORRECTION.VALUE.- SALES_REP = ORDERS.SALES_REP_ID…

Filter- ORDERS.STATUS=‘CLOSED’…

Join- ORDERS.ORDER_ID = LINES.ORDER_ID…

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The Basic Process

Source: Sybase

ORDERS

LINES

CORRECTIONSFile

Target: Oracle

SALES

Sequence of operations with or without an integration tool

C$_011

Extract/Join/Transform

C$_122

Extract/Transform

I$_SALES33Join/Transform

55

Transform & Integrate

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What Is the Staging Area?

Staging Area – A separate, dedicated area in an RDBMS where ODI creates its temporary objects and executes some of your transformation rules.By default, ODI sets the staging area on the target data server.

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Case Study: Placing the Staging Area

• The Staging Area may be located:• On the target database (default).• On a third RDBMS database or the Sunopsis

Memory Engine.• On the source database.

• The Staging Area cannot be placed on non relational systems (Flat files, ESBs, etc.)

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How to change the Staging Area

1. Go to the interface’s Definition tab of your Interface.

2. To choose the Staging Area, check the Staging Area Different From Target option, then select the logical schema that will be used as the Staging Area.

3. To leave the Staging area on the target, uncheck the Staging Area Different From Target option

4. Go to the Flow tab. You can now see the new flow.

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Case #1 in ODI

Staging Area in the Target

Source Sets

Staging Area + Target

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Case #2 in ODI

Staging Area is the Sunopsis Memory Engine

Source Sets

Target

Staging Area

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Case #3 in ODI

Staging Area in the Source

Source Sets

Target

Staging Area