3rd Grade Grammar & Vocabulary Skills

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3rd Grade Grammar &

Vocabulary Skills

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Table of Contents

Nouns 3

Plural Nouns 8

Subjects 13

Verbs 17

Pronouns 21

Verb Tenses 28

Complete Sentences 38

Commas 42

Conjunctions, Commas, and Compound Sentences 47

Types of Sentences 52

Subject -‐ Verb Agreement 55

Conjunctions 58

Titles of Books 60

Capitalization 62

Quotation Marks 66

Adjectives 70

Adverbs 78

Vocabulary (Synonyms & Antonyms) 83

Vocabulary (Prefixes & Suffixes) 87

Vocabulary (Homophones) 107

Assessments 119-‐127

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Nouns

A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea.

Look at the following examples.

The nouns are underlined.

Example 1

The girl went to the park.

girl = person park = place

Example 2

The backpack was full of books.

backpack = thing books = thing

Guided Practice

Underline the nouns in the following sentences. Then tell if the noun is a person, place,

thing, or idea.

1. Large plants grow in her backyard.

____________________, ____________________

2. The flowers in our yard will bloom in the spring.

____________________, ____________________, ____________________

3. Some trees even produce flowers.

____________________, ____________________

4. Flowers and trees need sunlight to grow.

____________________, ____________________, ____________________

5. Plants produce their own food.

____________________, ____________________

NOUN = Person, Place, Thing, or Idea

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Nouns

Independent Practice

Write the nouns from the following sentences on the lines. Then tell whether the noun is a

person, place, thing, or idea.

Example

The little boy wanted a dog.

boy – person, dog – thing

1. Some dogs bark day and night.

_____________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________

2. The most popular breed of dog is the Labrador.

______________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________

3. There are hundreds of different breeds of dogs.

______________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________

4. The Great Dane grows to be very tall.

______________________________, ______________________________

5. Fred’s dog likes to eat meat.

_____________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________

6. Dogs chew on everything so it is important to give it a chew toy.

______________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________

7. Did you buy a dog last week?

______________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________

8. Puppies will need a lot of training.

______________________________, ______________________________

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Nouns

Independent Practice 2

Write the nouns from the following sentences on the lines. Then tell whether the noun is a

person, place, thing, or idea.

1. You should give your dog a treat when it does what you want it to.

______________________________, ______________________________. ______________________________

2. The Mastiff weighs more than most other types of dogs.

______________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________

3. Some dogs grow long hair that must be brushed daily.

______________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________

4. Many dogs chase their tail.

______________________________, ______________________________

5. Beagles came from Great Britain.

______________________________, ______________________________

6. Sally’s dog scratches when it has fleas.

______________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________

7. A dog should visit a veterinarian for a check-‐up every year.

______________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________,

______________________________

8. A special membrane in a dog’s eye allows it to see in the dark.

______________________________, ______________________________, ______________________________,

______________________________

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Writing

Write a story (1 to 3 paragraphs) about your dog, a dog you have seen, or a dog you would

like to have. You can tell a story about something your dog has done or you can describe

what your dog means to you. Then underline all of the nouns in the sentences. Remember,

a noun is a person, place, thing, or idea.

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Nouns


Underline the nouns in the sentences and then write the nouns in the correct box.

1. Birds live all over the world.

2. My friend bought a bird for a pet.

3. The mother bird protects her babies.

4. Bella found a bird’s nest in the tree.

5. Some birds build their nests on the ground.

6. The mother bird feeds her baby birds.

7. Baby birds eat worms.

8. Bailey saw an owl flying.

9. My family bought a bird feeder.

10. Bird feeders attract birds.

Person/People Place Thing Idea

World Birds

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Plural Nouns

Plural nouns name more than one person, place, thing, or idea. There are different ways to

form plural nouns. Look at the examples below.

• Rule 1: Usually you just add s to a singular noun to make it plural.

paper/papers drink/drinks school/schools

• Rule 2: If a singular noun ends in ch, sh, x, z, s, or ss, then you need to add es to

make the noun plural.

fox/foxes bush/bushes dish/dishes

• Rule 3: When a noun ends in a vowel and y, then just add s.

toy/toys key/keys donkey/donkeys

• Rule 4: If a singular noun ends in a consonant followed by y, then change the y to i

and add es to make the noun plural.

baby/babies city/cities candy/candies

Guided Practice

•

Use rule 1 to complete the chart.

Singular Noun Plural Noun

1. paper

2. book

3. chair

4. folder

5. computer



1. boss

2. tax

3. bush

4. sandwich

5. beach



1. toy

2. key

3. donkey

4. boy

5. day



1. baby

2. lady

3. family

4. story

5. candy

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Plural Nouns


Use one of the plural nouns above to complete the sentences.

1. All of the ____________________ in our town have computers in them.

2. When all of the students finish eating please put the ____________________ up.

3. The ____________________ that pick up students in the morning arrive early.

4. Have you seen all of the ____________________ the team won playing soccer?

5. The ____________________ smell wonderful.

6. The sun’s ____________________ are very strong in the summer.

7. The girl has a lot of ____________________ in her closet.

8. The team has had many ____________________.



1. school

2. hand

3. pencil

4. flower

5. plastic



1. reflex

2. bus

3. dress

4. dish

5. wish



1. alley

2. play

3. ray

4. tray

5. way



1. beauty

2. berry

3. party

4. trophy

5. victory

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Plural Nouns

Plural nouns name more than one person, place, thing, or idea. Here are more examples.

• Rule 5: For nouns that end in f or fe, change the f or fe to v and add es.

knife/knives half/halves shelf/shelves

• Rule 6: For most nouns that end in o, just add an s to make it plural. For all nouns

that end in a vowel and an o, add an s to make the plural form.

solo/solos logo/logos studio/studios

• Rule 7: Some nouns that end in o are spelled with es to make the plural.

buffalo/buffaloes hero/heroes tomato/tomatoes

• Rule 8: Some nouns do not follow these rules. They are irregular plural forms.

The spelling of these nouns will need to be memorized.

ox/oxen mouse/mice child/children

• Rule 9: Some nouns do not change from singular to plural. These nouns have the

same singular and plural forms.

fish/fish moose/moose headquarters/headquarters deer/deer

sheep/sheep species/species series/series cattle/cattle

Guided Practice



1. elf

2. calf

3. knife

4. loaf

5. shelf



1. solo

2. logo

3. studio

4. radio

5. zoo



1. hero

2. tomato

3. echo

4. buffalo

5. zero



1. tooth

2. child

3. woman

4. man

5. person

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Plural Nouns


Use one of the plural nouns above to complete the sentences.

1. We bought several ____________________ of bread for the picnic.

2. You do not want ____________________ on your homework assignments.

3. She has two ____________________ so she can listen to music.

4. The children’s baby ____________________ had come out.

5. Put the groceries on the ____________________ in the pantry.

6. How many ____________________ are growing on the vines in the garden?

7. There are many ____________________ in our area where we can see animals.

8. The ____________________ go to school everyday.



1. elf

2. calf

3. knife

4. loaf

5. shelf



1. solo

2. logo

3. studio

4. radio

5. zoo



1. hero

2. tomato

3. echo

4. buffalo

5. zero



1. tooth

2. child

3. woman

4. man

5. person

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Plural Nouns -‐ Independent Practice

Write the plural form of the noun and then tell which rule you used.

Singular Noun Plural Noun Rule #

Church

Pass

Mess

Moose

Nanny

Fox

Elf

Foot

Bus

Boat

Fly

Hat

Life

Glass

Way

Child

Photo

Torpedo

Person

Fish

Marsh

Buzz

Fairy

Wish

Variety

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Subjects

A subject is a noun that tells who or what the sentence is about.

Example 1

The boy went to the store.

Who went to the store? Boy

Example 2

The large machine made a lot of noise.

What made a lot of noise? Machine

Guided Practice

Underline the subject in the following sentences. Remember, a subject must be a noun.

Look back to page 3 to see the nouns that have already been identified.






6. The type of flower that she likes is a tulip.

7. Her friend chose to buy a lily.

8. Beautiful daisies grow in her yard.

Subject = Noun

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Subjects



Look back to pages 4 and 5 to see the nouns that have already been identified.

















17. Most dogs are loyal to their owner.

18. Some dogs live inside of their owner’s home.

19. Some dogs live in the backyard.

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Subjects



Look back to page 7 to see the nouns that have already been identified.











11. All children should play for exercise.

12. Exercise is important to for your body.

13. The school playground offers many ways for students to get exercise while playing.

14. Some children love to play basketball.

15. Others love to play soccer.

16. Some children climb on the jungle gym.

17. Some kids like to just walk and talk at recess.

18. It is just important that you do some type of exercise.

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Writing

Write a paragraph describing someone you know who is a kind person. Then underline the

subject in each sentence. Remember, a subject is a noun.

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Verbs

An action verb shows action.

The verb tells who or what the subject does.

Example 1

Sarah dances everyday.

What does Sarah do? Dances

Example 2

Fred plays baseball.

What does Fred do? Plays

Guided Practice

You have already found the nouns and the subject of these sentences on previous pages.






6. The type of flower that she likes is a tulip.

7. Her friend chose to buy a lily.

8. Beautiful daisies grow in her yard.

Verb=Action

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Verbs


You have found the nouns and the subject of each of these sentences on previous pages.

Now underline the verb that shows the action of the subject.

















17. Most dogs are loyal to their owner.

18. Some dogs live inside of their owner’s home.

19. Some dogs live in the backyard.

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Verbs -‐ Independent Practice

You have found the nouns and the subject of each of these sentences on previous pages.

Now underline the verb that shows the action of the subject.











11. All children should play for exercise.

12. Exercise is important to for your body.

13. The school playground offers many ways for students to get exercise while playing.

14. Some children love to play basketball.

15. Others love to play soccer.

16. Some children climb on the jungle gym.

17. Some kids like to just walk and talk at recess.

18. It is important that you do some type of exercise.

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Writing – Write a paragraph describing your favorite way to exercise. Underline the verb

in every sentence.

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Pronouns

Pronouns are words that take the place of a noun or noun phrase.

Singular Pronouns: I, me, you, she, her, he, him, it

Plural Pronouns: we, us, you, they, them

1. What do pronouns take the place of? _____________________________________________________

2. List the singular pronouns. _________________________________________________________________

3. List the plural pronouns. ___________________________________________________________________

Guided Practice

Underline the pronoun or pronouns in each sentence.

1. Is she coming?

2. My dog barks a lot, doesn’t he?

3. He got a new truck.

4. Where is she?

5. He wanted to eat pizza.

6. The shoes belong to her.

7. We talked for hours.

8. It is her boat.

9. You will love the beach!

10. Can you come with us?

Pronouns take the place of a noun.

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Pronouns


1. Have you seen _______________ play football?

2. _______________ will be fun!

3. The mouse ate _______________.

4. The boy took the book with _______________.

5. The boy broke the vase and then tried to fix _______________.

6. When the washing machine finished _______________ buzzed.

7. _______________ and your brother should go to the park.

8. Tomorrow _______________ will exercise.

9. Did you see _______________?

10. Are you going to go to the park with _______________?

11. Everyone laughed with _______________ when they told a joke.

12. _______________ dad is going to fix the car.

13. Fred knocked on the door before he opened _______________.

14. Are _______________ going swimming?

15. Yes, _______________ am going swimming.

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Possessive Pronouns are pronouns that show ownership.

Examples of Possessive Pronouns

Used Before a Noun: my, your, her, his, its, our, their

Used By Itself: mine, yours, hers, his, ours, theirs

Short Answer

1. What is a possessive pronoun?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What are examples of possessive pronouns?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Guided Practice

Use one of the possessive pronouns that are used before a noun to complete the following

sentences.

3. _______________ hair is beautiful.

4. _______________ dog is fun.

Use one of the possessive pronouns that are used by itself to complete the following

sentences.

1. That ball is _______________.

2. It is yours and _______________.

Possessive pronouns show ownership.

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Possessive Pronouns


Write a pronoun in the blank to complete the sentence.

1. Can we play with _______________ dog?

2. Have you brushed _______________ dog this week?

3. _______________ clothes are so pretty.

4. As she walked into the room, she noticed _______________ colors were inviting.

5. _______________ mom and dad bought her a present.

6. _______________ room is messy so our mom made us clean it.

7. Please hand me _______________ jacket.

8. The bag and _______________ contents are heavy.

9. _______________ voice is lovely.

10. That purse is _______________.

Write a sentence using a possessive pronoun before a noun. See the examples on the

previous page if needed.

11. ____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Write a sentence using a possessive pronoun by itself. See the examples on the previous

page if needed.

12. ____________________________________________________________________________________________

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Pronouns and Possessive Pronouns


Rewrite the following sentences. Replace the underlined nouns with a pronoun or a

possessive pronoun.

1. Birthdays are so much fun because birthdays are celebrations.

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2. Mariah invited Clara to Mariah’s birthday party.

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3. The house is beautiful with the house’s big pillars.

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4. Bella and Bailey are going to the mall together. Are you going with Bella and Bailey?

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5. The book is full of good information. Have you read the book?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

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6. Dr. Smith is a good doctor. You should go see Dr. Smith.

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Subject and Verb Practice

Remember, the subject has to be a ____________________.

The subject tells who or what the sentence is about.

The verb shows ____________________.

Usually the subject comes before the verb.

Underline the subject and circle the verb.

1. Everyone needs to read books!

2. Most people watch too much television.

3. Technology provides a way to communicate.

4. The volleyball team won the game.

5. She ran for five miles.

6. The wind blows the rain against the window.

7. The doorbell rang at dinnertime.

8. She painted a beautiful picture.

9. The large library was filled with books.

10. Have you visited another country?

11. The farm grew cotton.

12. Her mom cooked a great meal.

13. Did you ride the bus to school?

14. The football soared through the air.

15. The ballet dancers performed a beautiful dance.

A sentence needs a subject & a verb.

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Subject and Verb Practice

Underline the subject and circle the verb.

1. When a volcano erupts lava pours out.

2. A volcanic mountain forms over time as the lava hardens.

3. Mountains are higher than the land that surrounds them.

4. Some mountains are tall and rocky.

5. Trees grow on some mountains.

6. A river can wear away land to form a valley.

7. A valley is a lowland area between mountains.

8. Caves are formed underground when water wears away the rock.

9. Land surrounded by water is an island.

10. Sometimes islands are located in lakes.

11. Barrier islands are located out from the seashore and protect the shoreline.

12. Sally went to see a canyon.

13. The canyon had steep sides.

14. A cavern is also called a cave.

15. Many types of landforms are located on the Earth’s surface.

Your Turn!

Write two sentences about your favorite holiday. Then underline the subject and circle the

verb in both sentences. ____________________________________________________________________________

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Verb Tense

Present tense verbs show actions that are currently happening.

• In order to make the verb agree with a singular subject, then just add s or es in most

cases.

Example: The soccer player kicks the ball. The little boy catches fireflies.

• Do not add s or es to make the verb agree with a plural subject.

Example: Soccer players kick the ball. Little boys catch fireflies.

Guided Practice

1. What are present tense verbs? _____________________________________________________________

2. When do you add s or es to present tense verbs? ________________________________________

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Write the verb in parenthesis correctly to make it present tense.

3. The backpack ______________________________ a lot. (weigh)

4. The backpacks ______________________________ a lot. (weigh)

5. She ______________________________ water every day. (drink)

6. They ______________________________ water every day. (drink)

7. Dogs ______________________________ really loud. (bark)

8. The dog ______________________________ really loud. (bark)

9. They ______________________________ their friends every year. (visit)

10. He ______________________________ his friends every year. (visit)

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Verb Tense -‐ Present Tense


Write the verb in parenthesis correctly to make it present tense.

1. Fish ______________________________ in rivers. (swim)

2. Birds ______________________________ in the air. (fly)

3. The bird ______________________________ in the air. (fly)

4. The flamingo ______________________________ shrimp. (eat)

5. Bears ______________________________ in the winter. (hibernate)

6. The boy ______________________________ the basketball down the court. (dribble)

7. The man ______________________________ the furniture. (move)

8. The students ______________________________ their backpacks to school everyday. (carry)

9. He always ______________________________ on the door before he opens it. (knock)

10. Bailey and Bella ______________________________ together everyday. (play)

Writing

Write a paragraph describing something you are involved in right now. (present tense)

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Verb Tense

Past tense verbs show actions that have happened before the current time.

In order to show past tense, just add ed to most verbs. However, you will need to change

the spelling of some regular verbs before you add ed.

• Rule 1: For verbs that end in e, drop the e and add ed.

Use Used Untie Untied Bake Baked Decide Decided

• Rule 2: If the verb ends in a consonant and y, change the y to i and add ed.

Try Tried Study Studied Tidy Tidied Cry Cried

• Rule 3: One-‐syllable verbs that end in one vowel followed by one consonant need to have the consonant doubled and then add ed.

Plan Planned Tip Tipped Travel Travelled Refer Referred

• Rule 4: Some verbs are irregular verbs. You do not add ed to irregular verbs in the past tense. These verbs do not follow a pattern. Some of these verbs include the following verbs.

Become Became Buy Bought Go Went Sing Sang

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Verb Tense -‐ Past Tense

Guided Practice

1. What are past tense verbs: _________________________________________________________________

2. How do you change the spelling of verbs that end in e? _________________________________

3. How do you spell verbs that end in y? _____________________________________________________

4. How do you spell verbs that end in one vowel followed by one consonant?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Write the verb in past tense form correctly.

Verb Use Rule 1

Smile

Enforce

File

Graduate

Handle

Ignore

Locate

Verb Use Rule 3

Stop

Hop

Jog

Beg

Clap

Zip

Sip

Verb Use Rule 2

Marry

Hurry

Copy

Spy

Apply

Justify

Multiply

Verb Use Rule 4

Break

Bring

Catch

Come

Drink

Fall

Get

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Write the verb in parenthesis correctly to make it past tense.

1. The backpack ______________________________ a lot. (weigh)

2. The dog ______________________________ really loud. (bark)

3. He ______________________________ his friends every year. (visit)

4. The horse ______________________________ over the fence. (jump)

5. The runner ______________________________ to run the marathon in record time. (try)

6. The field trip was ______________________________ for next month. (plan)

7. They ______________________________ the document. (sign)

8. The boy ______________________________ the girl when she walked by. (trip)

9. Have you ______________________________ to her letter yet? (reply)

10. The student ______________________________ she had made a mistake. (realize)

11. The baby was ______________________________. (cry)

12. Have you ______________________________ all of the presents yet? (buy)

13. They ______________________________ to the beach last week. (drive)

14. She ______________________________ her friend. (call)

15. He ______________________________ to school. (hurry)

16. Have you ______________________________ the numbers correctly? (multiply)

17. Yes, I ______________________________ all the answers. (check)

18. The boy ______________________________ 2 miles yesterday. (jog)

19. She ______________________________ a song in front of her peers. (sing)

20. We ______________________________ after her performance. (clap)

Past tense means it already happened.

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Writing – Write a paragraph describing something you have done in the past. Underline all

past tense verbs.

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Verb Tense

Future tense verbs show action that will happen in the future. In order to make the future

tense, add the helping verb will.

Example: She will win the race. It will rain tomorrow.

1. What are future tense verbs? ______________________________________________________________

2. How do you show future tense? ___________________________________________________________

Guided Practice

Correctly write the future tense of the verb in parenthesis.

1. The rabbit ____________________ across the field. (hop)

2. The dog ____________________ all day. (play)

3. The birds ____________________ south for the winter. (fly)


Write the verb in parenthesis correctly to make it future tense.

1. Fish ______________________________ in rivers. (swim)

2. Birds ______________________________ in the air. (fly)

3. The bird ______________________________ in the air. (fly)

4. The flamingo ______________________________ shrimp. (eat)

5. Bears ______________________________ in the winter. (hibernate)

6. The boy ______________________________ the basketball down the court. (dribble)

7. The man ______________________________ the furniture. (move)

8. The students ______________________________ their backpacks to school everyday. (carry)

9. He ______________________________ on the door before he opens it. (knock)

10. Bailey and Bella ______________________________ together everyday. (play)

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Verb Tense – Future Tense -‐ Writing

Write a paragraph describing something you plan to do in the future. (future tense)

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Present, Past, and Future Tense -‐ Independent Practice

Underline the verb in each sentence. Write present, past, or future.

_______________ 1. Scientists use their senses to make observations.

_______________ 2. He used a measurement for a quantitative observation.

_______________ 3. She will weigh the material for accuracy.

_______________ 4. The students are wearing goggles to protect their eyes.

_______________ 5. The conclusion to the investigation was interesting. _______________ 6. Tomorrow we will start a new experiment in science.

_______________ 7. We have learned about plants and animals.

_______________ 8. We will study about the solar system next year.

_______________ 9. Are you looking for more information? _______________ 10. We will look forward to your presentation.

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Verb Tense: Independent Practice

Write a sentence using the verb and verb tense given.

1. the present tense of grow

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2. the past tense of grow

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3. the future tense of grow

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4. the present tense of cook

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5. the past tense of cook

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6. the future tense of cook

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7. the present tense of try

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8. the past tense of try

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9. the future tense of try

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Verb Tense


Write the correct tense for each verb, making the verb agree with a singular subject. The

last five verbs are irregular verbs. Write the rule you used from page 30 for the past tense.

VERB PRESENT PAST RULE # FUTURE

succeed

jump

kick

love

hurry

flip

rip

smile

try

carry

went

sing

catch

drive

eat

38

Complete Sentences

A complete sentence must express a complete thought. A complete sentence must have

a subject and a verb. The exception to this rule is when you write an imperative sentence

(command) and the subject is understood. Example: Clean this mess.

When a sentence does not express a complete thought it is a sentence fragment. When

more than one sentence is used without correct punctuation, it is called a run-‐on sentence.

Complete Sentence Examples:

• Fred will go to the store.

• The girl with the pink ribbon in her hair likes to play in the mud.

Sentence Fragment Examples:

• The girl with the pink ribbon in her hair (This does not have an action word.)

• Likes to play in the mud (This does not have a subject.)

Run-‐On Sentence Example:

• The boy went to practice the girl went with him.

RUN-‐ON CORRECTED:

• The boy went to practice.

• The girl went with him.

• The boy went to practice, and the girl went with him.

Guided Practice

Write CS for complete sentence, SF for sentence fragment, or RU for a run-‐on sentence.

_____ 1. Everyone was excited about going on a vacation!

_____ 2. The students like going to school they go everyday.

_____ 3. The children that were in class today.

39

Complete Sentences



_____ 1. Was excited about the party.

_____ 2. The little girl with the ponytail.

_____ 3. The little girl with the ponytail was excited about the party.

_____ 4. The boy like to play baseball he plays everyday.

_____ 5. The students studied hard for their test.

_____ 6. The white paper.

_____ 7. Was torn into pieces.

_____ 8. Did you see the stars last night?

_____ 9. Have you ever seen?

_____ 10. She lost a tooth.

_____ 11. The huge bear with the brown fur.

_____ 12. All of us should go swimming!

_____ 13. Summer time!

_____ 14. Her favorite holiday is the Fourth of July because she likes the fireworks.

_____ 15. Have you turned in?

_____ 16. Because she likes it.

_____ 17. The sweet smell of flowers is filling the air.

_____ 18. Some people like to.

_____ 19. You need to sweep the floor and clean your room.

_____ 20. Your performance was fabulous!

A sentence needs a subject and a verb.

40

Complete Sentences



Then write and SF or RU sentences correctly on the lines.

1. The beautiful lakes and ponds in the area

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Rivers are flowing bodies of fresh water that usually empty into a sea or ocean.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Had so much fun playing in the ocean today.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Huge glaciers in the ocean

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Are places where students can learn

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

41

Complete Sentences


Rewrite the paragraph below. Correct any sentence fragments or run-‐on sentences.

Dogs are great! Should have a dog for a pet. There are several reasons why dogs are

great pets. First, dogs keep you company when there isn’t anyone to play with you. Dogs

also help you to exercise. Because dogs need to go for a walk everyday. In addition, dogs

teach responsibility. Feed your dog and give it water everyday. Dogs are a lot of work they

are worth it!

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

42

Commas

Always use commas to separate a series of three or more things.

Example:

He likes to play basketball, football, and soccer.

Some people like to go skiing, sledding, or ice skating in the winter.

Guided Practice

Rewrite the sentences and add commas where they belong in the sentences.

1. European explorers wanted to find gold silver and precious metals.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Many explorers came from England Spain and France.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Explorers came for different reasons such as claiming new lands for “king and

country” expanding their knowledge of the world and to spread Christianity.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Hernando de Soto Jean Ribault Juan Pardo and William Hilton all explored South

Carolina.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Use a comma in a series of 3 or more.

43

Commas


Rewrite the sentences and add commas where they belong in the sentences.

1. Diphtheria measles smallpox and malaria were diseases that were spread by the

explorers. ____________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Europeans traded with the Native Americans for furs in exchange for knives guns

and other manufactured goods.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Inhabitants of early colonies included Native Americans immigrants and enslaved

peoples.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. The men women and children who first came to settle the colonies were very brave.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. The women in the English colonies were responsible for daily chores such as

cooking cleaning and sewing. ______________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. The children in the colonies enjoyed hopscotch jump rope tag and swimming.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

44

Commas

• Always use a comma between the name of a city

and the name of a state.

Example: Dallas, Texas

The Dallas Cowboys play football in Dallas, Texas.

• Always use a comma between the name of a city and

a country.

Example: Paris, France

Many people visit Paris, France.

Where should you always include a comma?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Write a sentence and include the name of the city and state you live in.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Guided Practice

Read the following sentences and add a comma where it belongs.

1. Have you visited London England?

2. We drove through Boston Massachusetts.

3. Disney World is in Orlando Florida.

4. Have you been to Phoenix Arizona?

Use a comma to separate the name of a city and a state.

45

Commas


Rewrite the sentences and include the commas where they belongs.

1. New York City New York is a very busy city.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Soccer is a favorite sport in Barcelona Spain.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. The Summer Olympics have been held in Atlanta Georgia.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Venice Italy is a beautiful city.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. The second most populated city in the U.S.A. is Los Angeles California.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Many people go snow skiing in Denver Colorado.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

46

Commas -‐ Independent Practice

Match the name of the capital to the correct state. Then write the city and state correctly

on the lines.

1. __________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________

3. __________________________________________________

4. __________________________________________________

5. __________________________________________________

6. __________________________________________________

7. __________________________________________________

8. __________________________________________________

9. __________________________________________________

10. __________________________________________________

CAPITALS

Sacramento Dover

Honolulu Augusta Raleigh Columbia Santa Fe Austin Olympia Madison

STATES

Wisconsin Hawaii

South Carolina Washington New Mexico

Texas California Maine

Delaware North Carolina

47

Conjunctions, Commas, and Compound Sentences

A conjunction is a connecting word. The most common conjunctions are and, but, and or.

Always use a conjunction and a comma to connect two simple sentences into one

compound sentence.

Why should you use a compound sentence? A compound

sentence may help to create better sentence fluency.

Examples

AND

Use the conjunction ‘and’ to connect two similar thoughts.

Example: I washed the car. I cleaned my room.

I washed the car, __________ I cleaned my room.

BUT

Use the conjunction ‘but’ to connect contrasting thoughts.

Example: She wanted to go to the store. He wanted to go to the park.

She wanted to go to the store, __________ he wanted to go to the park.

OR

Use the conjunction ‘or’ to show alternative thoughts.

Example: We can go to the water park. We can go to the swimming pool.

We can go the water park, __________ we can go to the swimming pool.

.

Use a conjunction & a comma to join two simple sentences.

48


Guided Practice

1. When do you use the conjunction ‘and’?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. When do you use the conjunction ‘but’?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. When do you use the conjunction ‘or’?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What two things do you need to join two simple sentences into one compound

sentence?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Use the conjunction given to combine the two simple sentences into a compound sentence.

5. Science is an ongoing process. There is always more to learn. (and)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. There are many skills a scientist can use. The six basic process skills are essential.

(but) __________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. All of the your senses may be needed for an observation. You may only need to use

one of your senses for an observation. (or)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

49



Use the conjunction given to combine the two simple sentences into a compound sentence.

1. Igneous rock was once melted. Now it has cooled and hardened. (but)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Sedimentary rocks are made up of sediments that have been pressed together.

Sandstone is an example of a sedimentary rock. (and)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Igneous rocks are created around volcanoes. Metamorphic rocks are created deep

inside the Earth. (but) _______________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Sand has large grains with large spaces between the grains. Clay has very small

grains. (but) _________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Silt has pieces that are smaller than sand. It feels like powder. (and)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. You can communicate information through talking. Communication can take place

through a written form. (or)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

50



1. Weathering is when the Earth’s rocks are being broken down. This can be cause by

wind and water. (and)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Wind causes erosion and carries away weathered rock. Water can also cause

erosion. (but)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Deposition occurs when eroded material is put in a new location. Land is formed

where eroded material is deposited. (and)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Land can change due to slow processes. Land can change due to fast processes. (or)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Volcanic eruptions can rapidly harm the land. Volcanic eruptions can also build up a

volcanic mountain over time. (but)

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

51

Writing

Write a paragraph about your favorite thing to do. You must include at least two

compound sentences. First, complete prewriting in the area below.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

52

Types of Sentences

A declarative sentence makes a statement. It declares something. It ends with a period.

Inventions helped to promote industrial growth in the late 19th century.

An interrogative sentence asks a question. It ends with a question mark.

When did the economy change from being based on agriculture to being

based more on the production of manufactured goods?

An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. It ends with a period. The

subject (you) is not shown, but understood.

Please turn on the electricity.

An exclamatory sentence shows strong feeling. It ends with an exclamation mark.

People were so excited to travel west on the Transcontinental Railroad!

Guided Practice

Write whether each sentence is declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory.

Underline the subject in each sentence one time and circle the verb.

1. Oceans are large bodies of salt water that surround a continent. ____________________

2. That glacier is huge! ____________________

3. Did you know that seas are large bodies of salt water that are often connected to an

ocean? ____________________

4. Bring me that fishing pole so we can fish in the lake. ____________________

5. The river is full of fish. ____________________

53


Write whether each sentence is declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory.

1. When a landslide occurs, the side of a slope or cliff drops down to a lower location.

____________________

2. Does lava always come out of a volcano during a volcanic eruption?

____________________

3. We need to leave immediately because it is flooding!

____________________

4. Take cover.

____________________

5. You must take cover and protect yourself if an earthquake occurs.

____________________

6. Are you going to move to a town where they do not have earthquakes?

____________________

7. Let’s go.

____________________

8. “I can’t wait to see a real volcanic island!” She exclaimed.

____________________

9. The Earth is amazing.

____________________

10. Are you going to travel this year?

____________________

54


Write 2 examples of each type of sentence. Be sure to use the correct punctuation.

Declarative Sentences

1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Interrogative Sentences

1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Imperative Sentences

1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Exclamatory Sentences

1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

55

Subject-‐Verb Agreement

Subject-‐verb agreement is not difficult. It usually does not sound correct when a subject

and a verb do not agree. In order to have subject-‐verb agreement, follow these rules.

1. If the subject is a singular noun, add s or es to most verbs. If a verb ends in a

consonant and y, change the y to i before adding es.

Example: Joe mows the yard.

Joe washes the car.

Joe carries the groceries inside.

2. If the subject is a plural noun, do not add s or es to the

verb.

Example: Dogs bark loudly.

Trees sway in the wind.

3. Use the linking verb ‘is’ with a singular subject.

4. Use the linking verb ‘are’ with a plural subject.

Guided Practice

Circle the correct form of the verb in parenthesis to complete each

sentence.

1. Gas (expand/expands) to fill its container.

2. Liquids (change/changes) into a solid at freezing temperatures.

3. Solids (is/are) are not going to change shape.

4. Water (is/are) the universal solvent.

Make sure the subjects & verbs agree.

56



Circle the correct form of the verb in parenthesis to complete each sentence.

1. In science, mass (is/are) measured using a balance.

2. The students (measure/measures) volume using a graduated cylinder.

3. Solids (melt/melts) when they are heated enough to change to a liquid.

4. When solid ice (melt/melts), it changes to liquid water.

5. A liquid (freeze/freezes) when it is cooled enough to form a solid.

6. Solid ice (form/forms) when water freezes.

7. The evaporation of liquids (occur/occurs) when the liquid changes to a gas.

8. An example of condensation (is/are) liquid water forming on the outside of a glass

of ice water.

9. Conductors (allow/allows) heat to move easily through them.

10. Metal objects (is/are) good conductors of heat.

11. Insulators (do/does) not allow heat to move easily through them.

12. Rubbing two objects together (cause/causes) heat.

13. Heat (is/are) produced when materials are burned in a fire.

14. Electricity can (cause/causes) heat.

15. Use caution when you (use/uses) an oven.

16. Light bulbs (use/uses) electricity.

17. Electrical wires (carry/carries) electricity through them.

18. Many modern inventions (is/are) possible because of electricity.

57



Edit the following essay to correct the ten errors in subject-‐verb agreement. Cross out the

incorrect verb form and write the correct form above it. Make sure subjects are used with

the correct verb form.

Spring are the most amazing time of the year for several reasons. First of all,

the weather become warmer in spring, and the daylight last longer. Kids are able to

run outside without a coat and play longer with their friends! Don’t you just love

having more daylight everyday? Spring are like an unexpected present when it finally

arrive.

Spring is also an amazing time of the year because of Spring Break! Families

can go on vacation and enjoys the beautiful spring weather! Kids gets to sleep in and

take a break from homework. After spring break, everyone feel refreshed!

Finally, spring is amazing because it are quite simply a beautiful time of the

year. The flowers blooms in spring, and the trees grow their leaves again. It is like

everything in nature wakes up! Spring is definitely the most amazing time of the year!

58

Conjunctions

The words and, but, and or are conjunctions that can connect words or sentences.

Look at the following purposes for conjunctions to determine when you use each

conjunction.

Conjunction

and

but

or

Purpose

joins related ideas

joins contrasting ideas

suggests a choice

You have already learned how to use conjunctions in a compound sentence. You also use

conjunctions when you use two subjects to make a compound subject or when you use two

verbs to make a compound predicate.

Guided Practice

Underline the conjunction and then tell if it is a compound subject, compound predicate, or

compound sentence.

1. The Earth and the other planets orbit the sun. ____________________

2. Astrolabes and compasses helped early explorers navigate. ____________________

3. The Earth orbits around the sun, and the moon orbits around the Earth.

____________________

4. The Earth orbits the sun and rotates on its axis. ____________________

5. The sun produces and gives off its own heat. _________________

59

Conjunctions -‐ Independent Practice

Add the conjunction and, but, or or to complete the sentence.

1. The Earth, moon, __________ sun are all in the solar system.

2. The Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted, __________ the tilted axis changes the

number of daylight hours throughout the year.

3. The northern __________ southern part of Earth point toward the sun.

4. Summer occurs when part of Earth is tilted most toward the sun, __________ winter

occurs when part of Earth is tilted away from the sun.

5. Autumn __________ spring occur when neither part of Earth is pointed directly toward

__________ away from the sun.

6. The seasons of the year include summer, autumn, winter, __________ then spring.

7. Earth rotates on its axis __________ completes one rotation in 24 hours.

8. The sun rises in the east __________ sets in the west.

9. Right now it is daylight on this side of the world, __________ it is dark on the other side

of the world.

10. The Earth is rotating __________ revolving at the same time.

Your Turn!

Write a sentence using the conjunction ‘and’.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Write a sentence using the conjunction ‘but’.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Write a sentence using the conjunction ‘or’.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

60

Titles of Books

How do you signify the title of a book?

1. Always capitalize the main words.

2. You do not need to capitalize words in the title such as ‘of, and, or, a”.

3. If you are using a computer, the title should be typed in italics or underlined.

4. If you are writing the title yourself, then underline the title.

Guided Practice

1. What two things should you always do when writing a book title?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What should you always do when typing a book title?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Underline and capitalize the book titles in the sentences correctly.

3. Have you read Muggie Maggie?

__________________________________________________

4. My friend read the book frindle, and he recommended that I read it too.

__________________________________________________

5. My librarian recommended that we read zoobreak.

__________________________________________________

6. Henry’s freedom box is a book about the Underground Railroad.

__________________________________________________

7. Some books, such as holes, have also been made into a movie.

__________________________________________________

61


Write the title correctly on the line.

1. Have you read tales of a fourth grade nothing? ___________________________________

2. Henry huggins is a good book.

__________________________________________________

3. I love the book Because of Winn Dixie! __________________________________________________

4. We read zoobreak as a class. __________________________________________________

5. Have you ever read charlotte’s web? __________________________________________________

Write a book recommendation for a book you have read.

• Give the book’s title and author. • Tell about the main characters. • Share a brief summary of the book. • What did you like or not like about the book. • Why would you recommend the book?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

62

Capitalization

A capital letter is needed anytime you use the word ‘I’, a proper noun, titles, or begin a new

sentence.

• Proper Nouns

A noun is a person, place, or thing. A proper noun is a specific person, place, or

thing. This includes the name of a person, place, or specific things.

Examples:

o People – Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin

o Places – the United States of America, ABC Elementary School, Atlanta

o Things – Revolutionary War, Declaration of Independence, Civil War

• Titles

A title can come in different forms.

o Always capitalize a title that comes before a name.

Example: Mayor John Smith, Doctor John Smith

o Always capitalize the titles of books, movies, and other titles. However, do

not capitalize articles (a, an, the), short conjunctions, and short prepositions.

Examples: How to Eat Fried Worms, The Hungry Caterpillar

• The Beginning of a Sentence

Don’t forget to always begin a new sentence with a capital letter.

o When do you use a capital letter? _________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________

63

Capitalization -‐ Guided Practice

Put one line through any letter that should be capitalized. Write the words correctly on the

line.

1. We have been studying about the revolutionary war at abc elementary school.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. do you know where dr. smith went to college?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Bailey likes to go shopping at dillards.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. have you read the best school year ever?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. My brother and I plan to read the article “how to train your dog in 7 days”.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. My family visited disney world in orlando, Florida.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. His favorite team is the dallas cowboys.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. The boy has to go see dr. williams to get a check-‐up.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. I can’t wait to see all the fireworks at the fourth of july celebration!

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Most students in america have a two week break in december.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

64

Capitalization


Proper nouns include months, holidays, days of the week, people’s names, the names of

school, etc. Can you think of other types of nouns that would be considered proper nouns?

1. Write the days of the week. Be sure to capitalize and spell each one correctly.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Write the months of the year. Be sure to capitalize and spell each one correctly.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Write the names of at least five holidays. Be sure to capitalize and spell each one

correctly.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Write the names of at least five specific places (towns, restaurants, stores, etc.)

Be sure to capitalize and spell each one correctly.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

65

Capitalization -‐ Independent Practice

Follow the directions for each sentence you write. Be sure to use capital letters and

punctuation correctly.

1. Write a sentence about a famous person.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Write a sentence about a city you would like to visit.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Write a sentence recommending a book to others.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Write a sentence telling your favorite sports team.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Write a sentence about your favorite holiday.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Write a sentence and tell what you would name a pet.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Write a sentence telling when your birthday is each year.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Write a sentence about your favorite month.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Write a sentence telling who your favorite friends are.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Write a sentence telling the title of your favorite movie or television show.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

66

Quotation Marks

Quotation marks are used to show exactly what someone has said. When you tell exactly

what someone said you are giving a direct quote. You add quotation marks before and

after someone’s exact words.

Look at the following example. What is different about these examples?

o “Did you know that the Panama Canal made it much quicker to travel the east

coast to the west coast?” asked Mrs. Smith.

o “Yes, I did,” said Tim.

o Mrs. Smith also added, “The Panama Canal allowed American commercial

and war ships to travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific more quickly.”

o “The United States tried to remain neutral during World War I,” said Mrs.

Smith, “but eventually America became involved in the war.”

Look at the examples of quotations again. What is different? You should notice several

specifics about writing quotations.

• Use a comma to separate what someone said from the words that tell who is being

quoted.

• You usually put a comma before the last end quotation marks unless you are writing

an interrogative or exclamatory sentence.

• If words that tell who is speaking interrupt a direct quotation, then two sets of

quotation marks are needed. Use a comma or end punctuation after the words that

tell who is speaking. If the second part of the quote does not begin a new sentence

then use a comma. Use end punctuation and a capital letter if a new sentence

begins.

67

Quotation Marks -‐ Guided Practice

Put the correct punctuation in the sentence and correct any capitalization errors.

1. Mr. Smith said your assignment is due tomorrow

2. Are you going to the football game tonight asked Joe

3. I would like to go to the football game tonight, but I have other plans explained Mr.

Smith

4. Joe replied We will let you know who wins the game

5. Thank you answered Mr. Smith

Write C if the quotation marks are correct.

Write NC if they are not correct.

If you write NC, then put a line through what is wrong and write it correctly above it.

__________ 1. “Did you know that the Declaration of Independence also includes a list of

grievances against King George III?” asked Tim.

__________ 2. Mr. Smith answered “Yes, and it ends with a formal statement declaring that

the colonists are independent from England.”

__________ 3. “The colonists were brave people”, said Tim.

__________ 4. “Yes, they were,” said Mr. Smith, “because it took a lot of courage to stand up to

Great Britain.”

__________ 5. “Do you like to learn about history”? asked Mr. Smith.

68

Quotation Marks -‐ Independent Practice

Add quotation marks and other punctuation marks to complete each sentence.

1. Here are your shoes Mom said.

2. Are you hungry asked Dad.

3. Can we go to the store asked Bella.

4. Mom said Don’t forget your homework.

5. Can you pass the potatoes asked the boy.

6. The dog barked all night said the girl.

7. Bailey said It is cold in here

8. Let’s go see a movie Lilly said.

9. I love to read the girl said.

10. her friend replied let’s go to the library.

Use quotation marks, commas, end punctuation, and capital letters correctly.

1. I want a new dog said Emma

_________________________________________________________________________________________

2. let’s go look at puppies at the pet store said Emma’s friend.

_________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ted asked can I go too

_________________________________________________________________________________________

4. I’ll ask my mom said Emma

_________________________________________________________________________________________

5. let’s go exclaimed Emma

_________________________________________________________________________________________

69

Quotation Marks -‐ Independent Practice

Write a conversation you would like to have with someone famous. What would you ask?

What do you think they would say? Use quotation marks to show exactly what is said.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

70

Adjectives

Adjectives are words that describe a noun. Remember, a noun is a person, place, or thing.

Adjectives add description and help your writing to be more interesting.

Adjectives often come before the words they describe.

Adjectives can answer three questions…

• What kind?

• Which one?

• How many?

The words a, an, and the are called articles. Articles are used before nouns or before

words that describe a noun.

1. Use a before words that begin with a consonant and are singular.

• a party, a wonderful day, a panoramic view

2. Use an before words that begin with a vowel or a silent h.

• an interesting thought, an observant student, an hour

3. Use the before singular or plural words.

• the school, the schools, the animal, the animals

Adjectives describe nouns.

71

Guided Practice

1. What do adjectives do? _____________________________________________________________________

2. What are three questions that adjectives can answer? __________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. When is the article a used? _________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. When is the article an used? _______________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. When is the article the used? ______________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Circle every noun. Then underline every article and every adjective. Not all nouns have an

adjective that describes it. However, finding the nouns first will help you to find the

adjectives. Remember, an adjective can answer three questions.

1. The fair skinned girl knew it was important to wear strong sunscreen on a sunny

day.

2. The shaggy dog had a bark that could startle even the bravest boy.

3. Have you ever seen the magnificent Statue of Liberty?

4. The large classroom was full of chapter books and bright posters.

5. An empty plate means there was good food on it.

6. We went to a long movie and then had chocolate ice cream.

7. She wrote a five-‐paragraph essay and received positive feedback from her teacher.

8. The old computer did not work as well as the new computer.

9. The printer would not work because it had an empty ink cartridge.

72

Adjectives


Write the adjective on the line to complete each sentence.

Then tell what question the adjective answers.

1. What kind?

2. Which one?

3. How many?

____what kind____ 1. This is a beautiful day to go to the park.

____________________ 2. The ____________________ dog was barking at the child.

____________________ 3. Is that an ____________________ tree?

____________________ 4. Do you like ____________________ ice cream?

____________________ 5. The baby is just ____________________ days old.

____________________ 6. The mouse scurried in the ____________________ hole.

____________________ 7. Respectful students use ____________________ manners.

____________________ 8. Her ____________________ hair was hard to brush.

____________________ 9. His ____________________ tennis shoes need to be washed.

____________________ 10. The ____________________ clouds probably mean it is going to rain.

____________________ 11. When she sang, she had a ____________________ voice.

____________________ 12. In ____________________ days we will graduate.

____________________ 13. There are ____________________ baby birds in that nest.

____________________ 14. How many ____________________ cookies do you want?

____________________ 15. The ____________________ baby smiles a lot.

What kind? Which one?

How many?

73

Adjectives


Underline the nouns in the following sentences. Then rewrite the sentence adding at least

one adjective to describe a noun.

1. The bird flew the trees.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. She enjoyed the party.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. The principal spoke to the student.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. The paper was thrown into the trash.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. The crowd cheered for the athletes.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. The girl learned to speak a new language.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Did you see the flowers in her backyard.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. The ice skater won a medal.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. She was so excited to win a trip.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

74

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

Sometimes adjectives are used to make comparisons. When you compare two things then

you add er to the adjective. When you are comparing more than two things then add est to

the adjective.

ADJECTIVE COMPARATIVE (Comparing 2)

SUPERLATIVE (Comparing 3 or more)

Fresh Fresher Freshest

Slim Slimmer Slimmest

Sometimes with a longer adjective you use the words more or most to make comparisons.

Use more to compare two things. Use most to compare more than two things. Do not use

more or most with er or est.



Wonderful More wonderful Most wonderful

Intelligent More intelligent Most intelligent

The adjectives good and bad have irregular forms when used in the comparative or

superlative forms.



Good Better Best

Bad Worse Worst

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Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

Guided Practice

Circle the correct adjective in parenthesis to complete each sentence.

1. A bird is (smaller/smallest) than a dog.

2. Your house is the (bigger/biggest) on your street.

3. Jogging is (faster/fastest) than walking.

4. Flying in an airplane is the (faster/fastest) type of transportation.

5. That book was the (more interesting/most interesting) book we have ever read.

6. Summer is (more wonderful/most wonderful) than winter.

7. He had the (worse/worst) cold ever.

8. She makes the (better/best) cake in the world.


Use the correct form of the adjective in parenthesis to complete each sentence.

____________________ 1. A cabin is (large) than a tent.

____________________ 2. My brother is (funny) than yours.

____________________ 3. Her dog is the (big) kind of dog.

____________________ 4. August is the (hot) month of all.

____________________ 5. That slide is (long) than the one at our park.

____________________ 6. The dog crate is the (small) one they make.

____________________ 7. She is the (nice) girl in the class.

____________________ 8. Did you know that Mount Everest is the (tall) mountain in the world?

____________________ 9. He made (good) grades than she did.

____________________ 10. A sleeping bag is (warm) than a blanket.

76

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives -‐ Independent Practice

Complete the chart below.



Nice

Cleaner

Strictest

Late

Skinnier

Most intelligent

Dark

Brighter

Funniest

Dry

More beautiful

Best

Bad

Later

Most famous

Hot

Colder

Fastest

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Adjectives

Writing

Write a paragraph about your favorite food. Describe the food and tell why you like it.

Underline the adjectives that you use. Complete your prewriting on another sheet of paper.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

78

Adverbs

Adverbs give more information about verbs.

There are many adverbs that end in ly.

There are three questions that an adverb can answer.

1. How? Example: She ran quickly. (How did she run?) 2. When? Example: She ran daily.

(When did she run?)

3. Where? Example: She ran there. (Where did she run?)

Guided Practice

Underline the verb in each sentence. Then circle the adverb that gives more information

about the verb. Write whether it tells how, when, or where on the line.

____________________ 1. The professional athlete easily won the race.

____________________ 2. The famous chef has dinner ready nightly.

____________________ 3. You can find your jacket and lunch box lying over there.

____________________ 4. She is an excellent student and completes her homework daily.

____________________ 5. The classes are divided evenly.

____________________ 6. He changes the filter annually.

____________________ 7. The dog barked annoyingly.

____________________ 8. She sang beautifully.

____________________ 9. She exercises nearly every day.

____________________ 10. They are moving somewhere else.

Adverbs describe verbs.

79

Adverbs


Choose from the list of adverbs and write the adverb

on the line to complete each sentence.

briskly

loosely

inside

truthfully

cheerfully

continuously

elegantly

sloppily

everywhere yesterday

1. The man gripped the dog leash ____________________ in his hands.

2. The bird chirped ____________________ throughout the day.

3. The dancer danced ____________________.

4. She is ____________________ talking.

5. The woman walked ____________________ through the rain.

6. They let their dog come ____________________ when it started raining.

7. I wonder if it rained ____________________.

8. He made his bed ____________________.

9. The boy spoke ____________________ to his mom.

10. Those flies are ____________________.

How? When? Where?

80

Comparative and Superlative Adverbs

Add er to an adverb if the two actions are being compared. When comparing more than

two actions then add est to the to the adverb.

ADVERB COMPARATIVE (Comparing 2)


Fast Faster Fastest

Quick Quicker Quickest

Use the words more or most with adverbs that end in ly. Use more to compare two actions.

Use most to compare more than two actions. Do not use more or most with er or est.

ADVERB COMPARATIVE (Comparing 2)


Excitedly More excitedly Most excitedly

Cheerfully More cheerfully Most cheerfully

Guided Practice

Circle the correct form of the adverb in parenthesis.

1. She runs (faster/fastest) than he does.

2. She runs (faster/fastest) of all.

3. Her mom cheered (more excitedly/most excitedly) out of all her relatives.

4. Her mom cheered (more excitedly/most excitedly) than her brother.

5. People in shape run (longer/longest) than people not in shape.

6. Athletes run (longer/longest) than anyone.

7. The dancer danced (more graceful/most graceful) than she had before.

8. That was the (more graceful/most graceful) dance!

81

Adverbs

Writing

Write a paragraph about something you like to do during recess. Describe the activity. Be

sure to use at least two adverbs and underline the adverbs that you use. Circle any

adjectives.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

82

VOCABULARY

83

Synonyms & Antonyms

Synonyms are words that have similar meanings. Choose a word for the first color block

and then find synonyms that mean the same as that word.

Antonyms are words that mean the opposite. Find a word that means the opposite of the

first word listed in each color block.

84





85





86





87

PREFIX MEANINGS dis-‐ not non-‐ not un-‐ not re-‐ again Complete the table below, and then use the information for the next activity. WORD PREFIX ROOT WORD MEANING OF

PREFIX MEANING OF WORD

Disagree dis agree not To not agree

Disuse

Dislike

Disobey

Nonuse non use not Not in use

Nonsense

Nonstop

Nondairy

Unread un read not Not read

Unsafe

Unlike

Unplug

Reread re read again To read again

Reuse

Retry

Rerun

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘dis’ to complete the sentences. You will need to use the meanings of the prefixes and words, along with the context clues to complete the sentences.

1. If children ____________________ their parents, they may have a consequence for not

obeying.

PREFIXES

88

2. When two people have a debate to discuss their views on a subject, they may

____________________ on a topic.

3. If you ____________________ the ice cream, then you can try other flavors until you find

one you do like.

4. Telegraphs have been in ____________________ for decades because we have telephones.

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘non’ to complete the sentences.

1. Muscles need to be used to stay strong or they can get weak from ____________________.

2. Some people are allergic to dairy so they have to drink ____________________ products.

3. We want to find a ____________________ flight to Hawaii because we do not want to have

to make any stops or layovers.

4. That is ____________________ because none of it makes sense.

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘un’ to complete the sentences.

1. The dessert is ____________________ any other ecosystem because it has a different

climate.

2. Don’t forget to ____________________ the toaster before you leave the house.

3. That book has been ____________________ for many years because people did not know

about it.

4. You cannot go bungee jumping because it is ____________________ and you could get

hurt.

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘re’ to complete the sentences.

1. When you do not understand something you have read it is important to

____________________ the information again.

2. Someone started the race too quickly so the runners will need to ____________________

the race again.

3. We should ____________________ plastic containers so we do not create more pollution.

4. If you do not get something right the first time you try, then ____________________.

89

At the end of each line add a new word that begins with the prefix. Give the definition of the new word also.

dis (not)

non (not)

un (not)

re (again)

90

Your Turn to Write! Now you will write sentences to show what you know! Use two words that you found from each of the prefixes on the previous page to write sentences. Be sure to use the word correctly!

1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

91

PREFIX MEANINGS pre-‐ before mid-‐ middle bi-‐ two de-‐ opposite Complete the table below, and then use the information for the next activity. WORD PREFIX ROOT WORD MEANING OF

PREFIX

MEANING OF

WORD

Prewash pre wash before To wash before

Preteen

Prepaid

Preprint

Midnight mid night middle The middle of the night

Midway

Midweek

Midwinter

Bilingual bi lingual two Speaking two languages

Bicolor

Bicycle

Bimonthly

Defrost de frost opposite Remove the frost

Declaw

Decode

Derail

92

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘pre’ to complete the sentences. You will need to use the meanings of the prefixes and words, along with the context clues to complete the sentences.

1. Have you already ____________________, or do you need to pay now.

2. Sometimes you need to ____________________ clothes before the regular washing

because of a stain.

3. Before you are a teenager you are a ____________________.

4. We will need to ____________________ the document because the first one got water on

it.

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘mid’ to complete the sentences.

1. We are at the ____________________ point now that we are half way there.

2. Sometimes she wakes up at ____________________, which is in the middle of the night.

3. ____________________ we will be going snow skiing.

4. Wednesday is considered ____________________.

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘bi’ to complete the sentences.

1. She is ____________________ and can speak two languages.

2. The ____________________ has two wheels.

3. That shirt is considered a ____________________ shirt since it has both yellow and red on

it.

4. He gets paid ____________________.

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘de’ to complete the sentences.

1. Most pets have their claws, but the vet is going to ____________________ her pet.

2. He will need to ____________________ his car so that there will not be frost on the

windows.

3. They needed to break the code and ____________________ the message.

4. The company did not know why the train would ____________________.

93


pre (before)

mid (middle)

bi (two)

de (opposite)

94


1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

95

PREFIX MEANINGS semi-‐ half co-‐ together en-‐ put into or on mis-‐ bad/wrong Complete the table below, and then use the information for the next activity. WORD PREFIX ROOT WORD MEANING OF

PREFIX MEANING OF WORD

Semiannual semi annual half Occurs every half a year

Semicircle

Semifinal

Semisweet

Codriver co driver together Share the driving with another

Coteach

Costar

Cofounder

Engulf en gulf put into or on To plunge in or immerse

Enact

Endanger

Enroll

Mislead mis lead bad, wrong To lead someone the wrong way

Misjudge

Misbehave

Mistreat

96

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘semi to complete the sentences. You will need to use the meanings of the prefixes and words, along with the context clues to complete the sentences.

1. Half of a circle is a ____________________.

2. ____________________ chocolate is not as sweet as regular chocolate.

3. The will have a ____________________ match before the final match.

4. Every six months they have a ____________________ business meeting.

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘co’ to complete the sentences.

1. The driver’s ed teachers ____________________ with their students.

2. The two businessmen put their money together and are now ____________________ of a

company.

3. Sometimes students change classes between two teachers that ____________________.

4. Bailey wants to ____________________ with Bella in a movie.

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘en’ to complete the sentences.

1. The waves began to ____________________the swimmer so the lifeguard jumped in and

pulled the swimmer to safety.

2. The Congressman wanted to ____________________ a new bill.

3. Some animals are almost extinct; therefore you cannot ____________________ these

animals.

4. Did the new student ____________________ in Mrs. Smith’s class?

Use the meanings of the words with the prefix ‘mis’ to complete the sentences.

1. If you ____________________ by acting in the wrong way, you will have a consequence.

2. It is important to lead people in the right way and not ____________________ them in the

wrong way.

3. If you ____________________ a dog, then it may not act nice.

4. Sometimes referees will ____________________ a play by making a wrong call.

97


semi (half)

co (together)

en (into/on)

mis (bad/ wrong)

98


1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

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SUFFIX MEANINGS -‐er doer -‐able able to -‐ous full of -‐ness state of being Complete the table below, and then use the information for the next activity. WORD ROOT WORD SUFFIX MEANING OF

SUFFIX MEANING OF WORD

Washer wash er doer Able to do the washing

Treasurer

Teacher

Employer

Agreeable agree able able to Able to agree

Changeable

Excusable

Perishable

Adventurous adventure ous full of Full of adventure

Coniferous

Continuous

Courageous

Alertness alert ness state of being Being alert

Boldness

Cheeriness

Dullness

SUFFIXES

100

Use the meanings of the words with the suffix ‘er’ to complete the sentences. You will need to use the meanings of the suffixes and words, along with the context clues to complete the sentences.

1. Do you want to be the ____________________ or the dryer when we do dishes today?

2. Our ____________________ is able to teach us new things.

3. The ____________________ is able to keep up with the money for our group.

4. An ____________________ is someone who can give you a job.

Use the meanings of the words with the suffix ‘able’ to complete the sentences.

1. Todd is very ____________________ and gets along with everyone.

2. The food is ____________________ and is not able to stay good for a long period of time.

3. I cannot excuse the absence because it is not ____________________.

4. The weather in the area is ____________________ and they don’t know if they like that the

weather is able to change so quickly.

Use the meanings of the words with the suffix ‘ous’ to complete the sentences.

1. She is full of adventure. You might even call her ____________________.

2. She is ____________________ and is able to do things other people would be afraid to do.

3. The air conditioner was on a ____________________ cycle and worked all the time.

4. The ____________________ tree was full of cones.

Use the meanings of the words with the suffix ‘ness’ to complete the sentences.

1. The ____________________ of the baby was amazing as we watched her look across the

room.

2. The ____________________ of the light made it hard to see.

3. When people are full of ____________________ they make others smile.

4. Tim isn’t afraid to speak up because of his ____________________.

101

At the end of each line add a new word that begins with the suffix. Give the definition of the new word also.

-‐er (doer)

-‐able (able to)

-‐ous (full of)

-‐ness (state of being)

102


1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

103

SUFFIX MEANINGS -‐ful full of -‐ly in what manner -‐ment state of -‐less without Complete the table below, and then use the information for the next activity. WORD ROOT WORD SUFFIX MEANING OF

SUFFIX MEANING OF WORD

Bountiful bounty ful full of Abundant;plenty

Careful

Colorful

Harmful

Actively active ly in what manner Characterized by energetic work

Boldly

Clearly

Dimly

Agreement agree ment state of Being in agreement

Settlement

Amusement

Excitement

Endless end less without Without an end

Harmless

Motionless

Priceless

104

Use the meanings of the words with the suffix ‘ful’ to complete the sentences. You will need to use the meanings of the suffixes and words, along with the context clues to complete the sentences.

1. There was a ____________________ supply of cotton this year.

2. You do not want to get hurt so be ____________________ to take care of yourself.

3. The sun’s rays can burn your skin and be ____________________ to you.

4. The little girl likes clothes full of color because ____________________ clothes make her

happy.

Use the meanings of the words with the suffix ‘ly’ to complete the sentences.

1. She participates ____________________ in many sports.

2. The ____________________ lit candles did not give very much light.

3. The clean window allowed us to see ____________________ outside.

4. The candidate spoke very ____________________ on the topics.

Use the meanings of the words with the suffix ‘ment’ to complete the sentences.

1. The two boys are in ____________________ about what they should do together.

2. She likes to play dress up for ____________________.

3. The settlers found a place to settle and built a ____________________ along the river.

4. There was so much ____________________ in the room that no one could sit still.

Use the meanings of the words with the suffix ‘less’ to complete the sentences.

1. Fred sat ____________________ while the others tried to catch the bug.

2. No amount of money could purchase the type of friendship the two girls had

because their friendship was ____________________.

3. Bella wished for summer to be ____________________ because she didn’t want it to end.

4. Some spiders will not harm you because they are ____________________.

105

-‐ful (full of)

-‐ly (in what manner)

-‐ment (state of)

-‐less (without)

106


1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

107

HOMOPHONES Homophones are words that sound alike, but are spelled differently.

For the pairs of homophones below, look up the meanings of each word and then draw a simple picture to show the meaning of each word. Then write the word and the meaning of the word under the picture. For example, you could draw a crown and write ‘throne’ to mean a king wears a crown on his throne.

Throne Thrown

Plain Plane

Waist Waste

Break Brake

108

Your Turn to Write! Now you will write sentences to show what you know! Use the homophones on the previous page to write sentences. Be sure to use the words correctly!

1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

109

For the pairs of homophones below, look up the meanings of each word and then draw a simple picture to show the meaning of each word. Then write the word and the meaning of the word under the picture.

Ball Bawl

Creek Creak

Reed

Blue Blew

Read

110


1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

111


Our Hour

Threw Through

Allowed

Rap Wrap

Aloud

112


1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

113


Cent Scent

Board Bored

Course

Reel Real

Coarse

114


1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

115


They’re Were

We’re Where

Stare

There Their

Stair

116


1. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

117

New Homophones

As you find new homophones, include them on these blank pages to help you learn them.

118

119

Assessments

120

Noun and Subject Test Name ______________________

Nouns

1. A noun is a __________, __________, or __________.

2. Give two examples of a common noun.

___________, __________

3. A proper noun is a __________ noun.

4. Give two examples of a proper noun.

__________, __________

Underline, with one line, the nouns in the following sentences.

5. Our class is going on a field trip.

6. Mr. Smith is the principal.

7. The dog barked at the cat.

8. The cat ran up the tree.

9. The huge house was filled with the smell of a baked turkey.

10. The children played basketball on the court.

Subjects

Now look at the same sentences and circle the subject.


12. Mr. Smith is the principal.

13. The dog barked at the cat.

14. The cat ran up the tree.

15. The huge house was filled with the smell of a baked turkey.

16. The children played basketball on the court.

Proper Nouns

Correct the proper nouns in the following sentences by placing a line through the letter that

should be capitalized and write the letter correctly above it.

14. The washington monument is located in the washington d.c.

15. Dr. smith is a dentist.

16. Diary of a wimpy kid is a great book.

17. He attends abc elementary school.

121

Verb Test Name ______________________

Underline the verb in each sentence.

1. Mrs. Smith teaches third grade.

2. Ms. Piper helps with Safety Patrol.

3. Mrs. Williams loves dogs.

4. Mrs. Shed lived in Alaska.

5. Mr. Thompson likes to read.

6. Mrs. Cranberry gives us band-‐aides.

7. The boy will go to the park.

8. The child played all day.

9. The bird flies high in the sky.

10. They like playing at recess.

Underline the subject once and the verb twice.

10. Third graders work hard.

11. Third graders learn a lot.

12. The class talks too much.

13. She ran in a marathon.

14. Have you cooked dinner before?

Underline the linking verb in each sentence.

15. A butterfly is pretty.

16. I am ready for spring break.

17. You are ready for this test.

18. She was not cold.

19. The kids will be happy on Christmas day.

20. The tree must have been knocked down by the wind.

122

Commas and Compound Sentences Name ______________________________

Place commas in the sentences where they belong.

1. I would like a cheeseburger french fries and a coke.

2. It would be exciting to visit London England.

3. She rides her bike plays basketball and jogs for exercise.

4. Have you been to Atlanta Georgia.

Use a conjunction and comma to combine the following sentences to make compound

sentences

5. She likes pizza. He likes hot dogs.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Susie likes pizza. Susie likes hot dogs.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. I like to shop. She likes to eat.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. I like vanilla ice cream. I like chocolate ice cream too.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

123

Types of Sentences, Pronouns, and Possessive Nouns Test

Types of Sentences -‐ Write the type of sentence on the correct line.

Declarative Interrogative

Exclamatory Imperative

1. A/an ____________________ sentence asks a question.

2. A/an ____________________ makes a statement.

3. A/an ____________________ sentence gives a command.

4. A/an ____________________ sentence shows excitement.

Write what type of sentence each one is on the line.

Declarative Interrogative

Exclamatory Imperative

____________________ 5. The book was about Europe.

____________________ 6. I love chocolate!

____________________ 7. Did you go to the zoo?

____________________ 8. Pick up your clothes.

Pronouns

Underline the pronouns in the following sentences.

9. We went to the store.

10. She and I like to dance.

11. Her dog is loud.

12. The dog is hers.

13. She bought ballet slippers.

14. They look forward to learning every day.

Possessive Nouns

Place the apostrophe in the right place for the underlined word to form a possessive noun.

15. My dogs fur is pretty. 17. All of the boys toys are cool.

16. Did you see the birds nest? 18. The teams trophy is large.

124

Subject-‐Verb Agreement and Verb Tense Test


Circle the correct verb in parentheses to make the noun and verb agree in each sentence.

1. Beautiful boats (sail, sails) by on the lake.

2. Birds (call, calls) to each other.

3. Her dog (bark, barks) at the mailman.

4. Tadpoles (change, changes) into frogs.

5. The teacher (appreciate, appreciates) good manners.

6. The performer (dance, dances) on the stage.

7. Those children (play, plays) all day.

8. The child (play, plays) in the sandbox.

Use the verb laugh and write 3 sentences. Use the past tense in one sentence, present tense

in the second, and future tense in the third sentence.

9. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

Use the verb play and write 3 sentences. Use the past tense in one sentence, present tense

in the second, and future tense in the third sentence.

12. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

13. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. _________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

125

Capitalization, Titles of Books, and Quotation Marks Test

Capitalization Draw three short lines (proofreading marks) under the letters that should be capitalized and write the capital letter above it.

1. I went to florida on a vacation.

2. Do you know where amy lives?

3. Is it in africa?

4. She likes working in north america with dr. smith.

5. Do you celebrate st. patrick’s day in germany?

6. Does Santa claus live in the north pole?

7. I like to buy the kool-‐aid brand drinks.

8. Do you know what grade i made?

9. She likes to play with her next-‐door neighbor, sally.

10. Let’s go to washington D.C.

Titles of Books

Write the titles of the books correctly.

11. Have you read the diary of a wimpy kid?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. The boy likes to read the hungry caterpillar.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

13. Most kids have read goldilocks and the three bears.

______________________________________________________________________________________________

13. Zoobreak is a book many kids like to read.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

126

Quotation Marks

Please place all punctuation in the correct place for the following sentences. Each sentence contains a quote. Write the sentences.

1. everyone is going to go to the zoo tomorrow frank said

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. can i go too asked ellen

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. i cant wait until valentines day exclaimed eli

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Sidney said however i think thanksgiving is the best

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. what do you want for dinner asked mom.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

127

Adjective and Adverb Test Name ________________________________________

Adjectives

1. An adjective describes a _______________.

2. An adverb describes a _______________.

Underline, with one line, the nouns in the following sentences.

Circle the adjectives.


4. Mr. Smith is our principal.

5. The pretty girl was singing.

6. The loud dog woke the neighbor.

Use a, an, or the in the following sentences.

7. Did you make (a, an, the) good grade?

19. I saw (a, an, the) elf at the mall.

20. Let’s go play with (a, an, the) girl over there.

Adverbs

Underline, with one line, the verb in the following sentences.

Circle the adverb.

7. The dog barked loudly.

21. She played outside.

22. Do you want to eat soon?

23. The little bird sings sweetly.

128

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3rd Grade Grammar & Vocabulary Skills