3_New Technologies for FF Physical Layer_Michael_Kessler

8/2/2019 3_New Technologies for FF Physical Layer_Michael_Kessler

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2011 General Assembly

Mumbai, India

New Technologies for the

FF Physical Layer

Michael Kessler

Director C+T

Pepperl+Fuchs


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1994 2011 Fieldbus Foundation2

Specific

needs

for

hazardous

areas

70% of all Foundation Fieldbus applications go into

Chemical and Oil & Gas plants

Fieldbus in hazardous areas requires

Explosion protection

Many different technologies available

High availability for years without stop

Long cable runs

High device count

Easy handling


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Analogy

to Explosion Protection

The design of a vehicle that can bestopped safely under any

circumstances.

Possible solutions


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Trivial Solution


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Trivial Solution


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Problem

Possible solutions compared tomethods of explosion protection


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Solution: "Explosion Proof"


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Solution: "Explosion Proof"


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"Sand Encapsulation"


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"Puuuurge???"


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Increased

Safety


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"Intrinsic

Safety"


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DART

Better Breaks!More Power

for IntrinsicSafety!


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Foundation Fieldbus in Hazardous

Locations

Present Technologies


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Entity

The

first

step

Evolution from point-to-point

Based on IEC 60079-11

Validation includes calculationsfor L and C

Significant power limitation

Not well suited for fieldbusMax. Values (IIC)

UO 10.9 V

IO 100 mA

PO 1.2 W

L/C Calculation

required1996 by Pepperl+Fuchs: First Entity/FISCO Power Supply

l < 570 m


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FISCO

Simplifying

Validation

Study confirms higher power values

One power supply per segment

Eliminates calculations for L/C Simpler Still limited power!

Also available with redundant

power supplyMax. Values (IIC)

UO 14 V

IO 120 mA

PO 2.1 W1996 by Pepperl+Fuchs: First Entity/FISCO Power Supply

l < 570 m


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High-Power

Trunk Concept

Maximum Power + FISCO

Trunk with increased safety

Simple segment design same for any area

Simple validation separate per output

Optional redundancy for power suppliesMax. Values

(IIC)

Choice

of

FISCO or Entityat

each

output

Redundant Power Hub

for

four

segments

l > 670 m


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Dynamic Arc Recognition and

Termination

The new Dimension in

Intrinsic Safety


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Principle of classic Intrinsic Safety

Limit power to a value that is not capable of causingignition by sparks in normal operation and faultcondition in hazardous atmospheres

(opening, closing, short circuit)

Typically 2 W

i

U

R L

C


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Realization of I.S. today (simplified)

Static approach:

The Zener-diode limits the max.

voltage available to the field

The Fuse protects theZener-diode

The resistor limits the max.

current available in the field This is a power limitation

Sparks will be avoided

IStodayField

side


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DART

The Future of Intrinsic Safety

DART is a new intrinsically safe concept developedand approved by Pepperl+Fuchs and PhysikalischeTechnische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Braunschweig

DynamicArc Recognition & Termination

The principle of DART is the detection of thedeveloping arc and the fast shut down of power

source and/or sink before the spark becomes

incendive


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A Typical Spark

Electrical Behavior

IS

US

PS

Initial

Phase

Critical Phase

Spark Duration t

U

,I,P

di/dt


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Ex ib

IICPOWER SUPPLY CABLE LOAD

Uq

Dynamically detecting an ignition

Turn the Power Off before the Spark becomes incendive


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Typical Spark

Turned Off by DART

IS

US

PS

Initial

Phase Critical Phase

Spark Durationt

U,

I,P

di/dt


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DART

Approvals

DART-Apparatus is certified asintrinsically safe apparatus inaccordance with IEC60079-11

German metrology institute andnotified body PTB has developed the required testing procedures


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DART

For Foundation Fieldbus H1

The Simplicity of Intrinsic Safety


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General Purpose Area

Zone 2

Zone 1

Redundant, three-port isolated

DART Power Supply

DART Segment Protectors

The intrinsically safe High-Power Trunk

protected by DART

Intrinsically safe spurs

Ex ib IIC

DART: Intrinsically Safe High-Power Trunk


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Zone 1

More cable distance

Higher device count

Same installation throughout

Hot work on supplies, couplers, devices

For any fieldbus device:

Ex ib

IIC

DART: Intrinsically Safe High-Power Trunk


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On the Trunk As fast as easy Install one redundant DART Power Hub

Use type 'A' fieldbus cable

Use up to 1000 m trunk cable

Install up to four DART Segment Protectors

Validating

Intrinsic

Safety

with

DART

Intrinsically

safe

Exib

IIC

Easy to understand, easy to engineer

max 1000 m

Type 'A'


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Technical Data for DART Fieldbus

Technical Data Value

Trunk output power typ. 22 V / 360 mA

Spur output power Min 10.5 @ 34 mA

Impedance

Cable Type A 100

Trunk cable length, max. 1000 m

Overall cable length, max. (as per IEC 61158-2) 1900 m

Spur cable length, max. (as per IEC 61158-2) 120 m


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Qualitative Comparison

General Performance Summary

EntityFISCO

(redundant)HPTC

DART

Fieldbus

Available Power 0 + +

Validation of Explosion Protection + + +

Power Supply Redundancy

(+*) + +

Online Physical Layer Diagnostics + +

Field Space Requirement + + 0 +Cabinet Space Requirement

() + +

Trunk Live Working + + +

Total Cost of Ownership () 0 +* Hot-standby


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Size

Comparison: Power Supplies

High-Power Trunk Concept DART-Fieldbus


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Size

Comparison: Field

Installation


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DART: Award-Wining Technology

Live Demonstration

Watch the spark disappear!


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DART Fieldbus The Simplicity of Intrinsic Safety

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3_New Technologies for FF Physical Layer_Michael_Kessler