36553-10109-The Scientific Dating of the Mahabharat War

8/13/2019 36553-10109-The Scientific Dating of the Mahabharat War

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The Scientific Dating of the MahabharatWar

By Dr.P.V.Vartak

INTRODUCTION

The Mahabharat has excercised a continuous and pervasive influence on the Indian mindfor milleniums. The Mahabharat, orginally written by Sage Ved Vyas in Sanskrut, has

been translated and adapted into numerous languages and has been set to a variety ofinterpretations. ating back to !remote anti"uity!, it is still a living force in the life of theIndian masses.

Incidently, the dating of the Mahabharat #ar has been a matter of challenge and

controversy for a century or two. $uropean scholars have maintained that the eventsdescribed in the ancient Sanskrut texts are imaginary and subse"uently, the Mahabharatderived to be a fictitiou tale of a war fought between two rivalries. Starting from the so%called &ryan invasion into 'harat, the current 'haratiya chronology starts from thecompilation of the (igved in )*++ '. ., then come other Ved-s, Mahaveer ain is born,then /autam 'uddha lives around 010 '. . and the rest follows. In the meantime, the'rahmanas, Samhi% tas, 2uranas, etc. are written and the thought contained therein iswell%absorbed among the 3indu minds. #here does the (amayan and Mahabharat fit in 4Some say that the (amayan follows Mahabharat and some opine otherwise. In all thisanarchy of Indian histography, the date of the Mahabharat 5the mythical story67 ranges

between )+++ '. .to 8++ '. . Saunskrut epics were academically attacked occasion% ally

% an attempt to disprove the authencity of the annals noted therein. 9or example, the$uropean Indologiest Maxmuller, tried the interpret the astronomical evidences to provethat the observations recorded in the 3indu scriptures are imaginary, probably because itdid not match the prevelant views of $uropean historians6

:n the contrary, many 'haratiya scholars have vehemently maintained the actualoccurance of the Mahabharat #ar. &stronomical and literary evidences or clues from the2auranic and Vaidik texts have been deci% phered to provide a conclusive date for theMahabharat #ar. The fifth century mathematician, &ryabhatta, calculated the date of theMahabharat #ar to be approximately 8)++ '. . from the planetary posi% tions recordedin the Mahabharat. 2rof. .V. Vaidya and 2rof. &pte had derived the date to be 8)+)

'. . and Shri. ;ota Venkatachalam reckoned it to be 8)8< '. . 3owever, theastronomical data used by the above, and many other, scholars contained some errors asexamined by a scho% lar from 2une, r. 2.V. Vartak. =sing astronomical references andvariety of other sources, r. Vartak has derived the date of the ini% tiation of theMahabharat #ar to be )>th :ctober 00>) '. . This pro% posed date has been examined

by a few scholars and has been verfied. This may prove to be a break%through in decidingthe chronology of the events in the history of 'harat 5and probably the #orld7.


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In the following few posts, I have made an attempt to provide a glance at the proofs provided by r. Vartak in propounding the date of the very important landmark in thehistory of 'harat 5#orld47, i.e., Mahabharat #ar. :nly ma?or points have been extractedfrom two sources@ r.2.V. Vartak-s Marathi book !Swayambhu! and !Scientific atingof the Mahabharat #ar! in $nglish.

INSCRIPTIONS

Some scholars rely on the various inscriptions found in the temples and elsewhere to fixthe date of Mahabharat #ar. If there is no other alternative then this method is tolerable,otherwise it is not reli% able because all the known inscriptions are dated as far back asA++ & . Those who prepared those inscriptions were not conversant with the scientificmethods available now in the modern Science &ge. So, why should we depend on thecon?ectures of the ancient people4 #hy not use scientific methodology to come to theconclusion ourselves4 I will prefer the use of the modern scientific ways to fix the date of

Mahabharat #ar rather than to rely on the Inscriptions which are vague and inconclusive.Bet us examine two famous inscriptions always "uoted by the scholars.

AIHOLE INSCRIPTION

&ll the scholars have relied on this inscription found in the ain Temple at &ihole prepared by one halukya ;ing 2ulakeshi. It says, according to scholars, that the templewas constructed in 8+C8+++CD++C0 E 8D80 years, after the 'harat #ar and 0+C>C0++ E00> years of Shaka era in ;ali era. Today Shaka era is )8A & . &t

this time 8D80 years had passed from the 'harat #ar. So the date of the #ar comes to8)+) ' . This is also the date of ;ali Fuga ommencement. Gaturally, it is evident thatrelying on the beginning of ;aliyuga $ra and holding that the #ar took place ?ust beforethe commencement of ;aliyuga, this inscription is prepared. It is obvious from theMahabharat that the #ar did not happen near about the beginning of ;aliyuga. 5I haveconsidered this problem fully at a later stage.7 If we can see that the inscription is

prepared by relying on some false assumption, we have to neglect it because it has novalue as an evidence. Moreover the interpretation done by the scholars is doubtful

because they have not considered the clauses separately and they held 'harat #ar and;ali $ra as one and the same.

The verse inscribed is @

Trinshatsu Trisahasreshu 'haaratdahavaditaha H Saptabda Shatayukteshu/ateshwabdeshu 2anchasu H 2anchashatasu ;alaukale Shatasu 2anchashatsu cha HSamatsu Samatitasu Shakaanamapi 'hoobhu?aam HH

I would like to interprete the verse considering the clauses of the verse. It says !8+8+years from the 'harat #ar! in the first line, 5 Trinshatsu Trisahasreshu


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'haaratdahavaaditaha7 where the first clause o9 the sentence ends. in the second line, thesecond clause starts and runs upto the middle of the third line thus5 Saptabda.....;alaukale7 This means D++C0C0+ E D00 years passed in the ;ali $ra. Theremaining third clause is 5 Shatasu

3ere the verse does not specifically say the Shalivahan Shaka but Scholars have takengranted that it is Shalivahan Shaka without any base or reasoning. The verse may havementioned some other Shaka kings from ancient era. So we we neglect the doubtful partof the Shaka counting which is useless and adhere to the ;ali era expressly mentioned. Itis clear from the former portion of the verse that 8+8+ years passed from the 'harat #arand D00 years passed from ;ali $ra. ;ali $ra started from 8)+) ' . D00 years have

passed so 8)+)%D00 E *8A> ' is the year when 8+8+ years had passed from the 'harat#ar. So *8A>C8+8+ E 08D> ' appears to be the date of 'harat #ar.

HISSE BORALA INSCRIPTION OF DE A SENA

This inscription is of 0th century & and scholars hold that it throws light on the time ofMahabharat #ar. It states. that Saptarshis were in =ttara at the time of this inscription.Scholars hold that Saptarshis were in Magha at the time of Fudhishthira becauseVarahmihira has stated so in 'rihat%Samhita. Scholars also hold that Fudhishthira-s timeis 8)8D ' . Saptarshis stay in one Gakshtra for )++ years, and there are *D Gakshatras.3ence Saptarshis would be again in Magha *D++ years later during Ath century ' . 9romhere if we count upto 0th century & there fall eight Gakshatras. 3ence in the 0thcentury & , Saptarshis should be in &nuradha and not =ttara. 9rom &nuradha to =ttara&shadha there is adifference of five Gaksha% tras, while from &nuradha to =ttara2halguni there is a difference of six Gakshatras. So it is "uite evident that at the time of

Fudhisthira Saptarshis were not in Magha as held by the scholars. 3ere I have shown amistake of five to six hundreds of years. More% over, there are three -=ttaras- and theinscription has not stated specifically which =ttara it denotes. Thus this source isunreliable and should be re?ected.

I have considered Saptarshi (eckoning in details at a later stage on page )). #hile goingto examine the sources scientifically, I shall give the honour of the first place to&stronomy. :ne may "uestion that how far &stronomy was advanced in those oldendays4 I say affir% matively that &stronomy was far advanced in the ancient times, and theancient Indian sages had perfected the science of time measure% ment relying on&stronomy.

!REE" RECORDS

). !The /reek &mbassodor Magasthenis has recorded that )81 generations have passed between ;rishna and handragupta Maurya. Many scholars have taken this evidence, buttaking only *+ years per generation they fixed the date of ;rishna as *D>+ years before

handragupta. 'ut this is wrong because the record is not of ordinary people to take *+


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the e&ening of the D1a%aar ha+ not 4et en$e$ an$ the "a-i42g ha$ not +tarte$ 1henthe War too, %-ace(

SAPTARISHIS

'hagwat states at )*.*.*D%8* that Saptarishis stay )++ years in one Gakshatra. &t the timeof ;ing 2arikshit, the Saptarishis were in Magha. #hen they proceeded to 2urvashadha,;ali would start. There are )) Gakshatras from Magha to 2urvashadha. 3ence it is seenthat Shukacharya tells 2arikshit that after ))++ years ;aliyug will start. ;aliyug started at8)+) '. . 3ence 8)+) C ))++ E A*+) '. . is the date of 2arikshit.

:ther references from Shrimad 'hagwat points "uite closely to the same year as above.

'ut who is this 2arikshit 4 Is he the son of &bhimanyu 4 Go. & minute observation of thisreveals that the above is not &bhimanyu-s son because 'hagwat is told to this 2arikshit.

:n the other hand, Mahabharat is told to aname?aya. In the Mahabharat, 2arikshit-sdeath has been recorded. 3ence it is evident that Mahabharat was written and publishedafter the death of 2arikshit, the son of &bhimanyu. 'hagwat is written after Mahabharataccording to the 'hagawat itself. This 'hagwat is told to some 2arikshit. 3ow can this2arikshit be the son of &bhimanyu who died before the Mahabharat writing 4 So this2arikshit appears to be somebody else than &bhimanyu-s son.

E5UINO6

Mahabharat mentions the ancient tradition as -Shravanadini Gakshatrani-,i.e., Shravan

Gakshatra was given the first place in the Gakshatra% cycle 5&di%D)K8A and &shvamedhAAK*7 Vishwamitra started counting the Gakshatras from Shravan when.he created -2ratiSrushti-. 3e was angry with the old customs. So he started some new customs. 'eforeVishvamitra-s time Gakshatras were counted from the one which was occupied by the sunon the Vernal $"uinox. Vishvamitra changed this fashion and used diagonally opposite

point i.e. &utumnal $"uinox to list the Gakshtras. 3e gave first place to Shravan whichwas at the &utumnal $"uinox then. The period of Shravan Gakshatra on autumnale"uinox is from >


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well%known and is recorded in many scriptures that ;rishna was born in a ?ail, then whocould have casted his horoscope4 Moreover ;rishna was not a prince so nobody wouldhave casted his horoscope. 3ence it is not wise to rely on the horoscope. It is preparedrecently by consid% ering the charateristics of ;rishna and so is useless to fix the birth%date.

Mr. /.S. Sampath Iyengar and Mr. /.S. Sheshagiri have fixed the birth%date of ;rishnaas *Dth uly 8))* ' . -The horoscope shows Bagna and Moon 0* deg. )0- (ohini, upiter- 2unarvasu, Sun )A1 deg. )0- =ttara 2halguni, Mercury )D* deg. 80- 3asta,Venus )1+ deg. )0- hitra, Saturn *+< deg. .0D- Vishakha, Mars *D+ deg. )- =ttara&shadha (ahu, )>+ deg. )-.

&t present on *Dth uly ) years ago or substracting )


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time &recheaology may get evi% dence to show the presence of culture in India D*+++' .

In Vastava (amayan I have shown that 'ali, the demon king went to south &mericaduring )D+++ ' when the vernal e"uinox was at Moola Gakshatra. MB' Gews letter

:ct. )+++ years '. ., the same period we have seen above.

&t the time of Mahabharat, the Vernal $"uinox was at 2unarvasu. Gext to 2unarvasu is2ushya Gakshtra. Vyas used !2ushyadi /anana! for his Sayan method, and called

Girayan 2ushya as Sayan &shvini. 3e shifted the names of further Sayan Gakshtrasaccordingly. &t that time #inter Solstice was on (evati, so Vyas gave the next Gakshatra&shvini the first palee in the Girayan list of Gakshatras. Thus he used &shvinyadi/anana for the Girayan method. =sing at times Sayan names and at times Girayan namesof the Gakshatras, Vyas prepared the riddles. 'y the clue that Girayan 2ushya means

Sayan &shvini, it is seen that Girayan names of Gakshatras are eight Gakshatras ahead ofthe Sayan names Thus the Saturn in Girayan 2urva, and Sayan (ohini, upiter was in Girayan Shravan, and Sayan Swati 5near Vishakha7, while the Mars was in Girayan&nuradha, and Sayan Magha, (ahu was between hitra and Swati, by Sayan way meansit was in Girayana. =ttara &shadha 51 Gakshtras ahead7. 9rom these positions of thema?or planets we can calculated the exact date. My procedure is as follows@


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9UPITER

upiter takes )).1>8+)8 years per rotation. :n )>th :ctober )


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I re"uest the scholars, to be careful while doing calculations not to take a retrograde position of the present planet, because that may give a false position. 2lease note that allthe planets become retro% grade only apparently when our earth is approaching them. #eneed not consider their retrograde motion each year because their rotational periodsaround the Sun are fixed and in that they are seen retrograde from the earth apparently.

#e have to see if the last position of the planet is retrograde. This can be done easily byconsidering the position of the Sun and planet. &ny external planet becomes retrogradewhen it is in the house from 0th to 0.*0 days for a solar year. It covers the general leap years, but it does not take into account the leap years abandoned at centuries. &t the interval ofA++ years leap years are taken according to the modern scientific calendar. If these cen%tury years are considered, there may be an error of 0+ days in D0++ years duration. &s fordates these 0+ days are automatically accounted for because we have taken the winter

solstice as fixed on **nd ecember, and it is referred by Vyas, while describing'hishma-s death. &s far as the planets like Saturn, (ahu and upiter are con% cerned 0+days are immaterial because in 0+ days the Saturn will move only ).> deg. while upiterA.) deg. as an average. 3ence their error is negligible.

Gow, we have seen that all the four important planets satisfy their positions as told byVyas on )>th :ctober 00>*nd '. . 3ence we have no other way but to accept this dateas the exact date of Mahabharat #ar.

2lease note that, so far, not a single Scholar has shown a date with the planetary positionssatisfying the description by Vyas in Mahabharat. Bate Mr. . V. Vaidya and 2rof. &pte

show 8)+* '. ., but their Mars is in &shadha, upiter is in (evati, Saturn in Shatatarakaand (ahu in eshtha. 2rof. ;. Shrinivasraghavan, Mr. Sam% pat &yangar and Sheshagirishow 8+>D '. . but they put upiter and Saturn in (ohini and Sun, (ahu, Mars in

eshtha. /arga, Varahmihir and Tarangini show *0*> 'efore Shaka i.e. *AA< '. . 'uttheir Mars comes in hanishtha, upiter and Saturn in 'harani and (ahu in 3asta. 2. .Sengupta gives *AA1 with Saturn 80> deg., upiter 1 deg., Mars )0D deg., Venus *++deg., Sun *++ deg., 5&ncient Indian chronology! alcutta =niversity7. The #esternscholars as well as (omeshchandra atta and S. '. (oy show )A*A '. . but their Saturnis in Shata% taraka, upiter in hitra, (ahu in 2urva and Sun in &nuradha with no eclipse.'illandi &yer shows ))


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could dare. So )>th :ctober 00>*nd ' . is the exact date of the first day of theMahabharat #ar. &t the beginning of the #ar, Vyas promised hrutarashtra that he willwrite history of the ;auravas so most probably Vyas must have written the &stronomicaldata immediately.

URANUS 5known to Vyas in 00>) '. 7

&ll the planets, viL., Sun, Moon, Mars, upiter, Venus, Saturn and (ahu show correct positions mentioned in the Mahabharat on )>th ecember 00>) '. . This must be theexact date of the Mahabharat #ar. &fter pin%pointing the exact date, it struck to me thatthe three additional planets mentioned with positions by Vyas, may be =ranus, Geptuneand 2luto. Vyas has named them as Shveta, Shyama and Teevra. Bet us see if thecon?ecture is correct. #e have to prove this with the help of Mathematics, because wehave to go scientifically.

Vishesheena hi Vaarshneya hitraam 2idayate /rahah.... )+%=dyog.)A8J

Shevtograhastatha hitraam Samitikryamya Tishthati.... )*%'heeshma.8J

In these two stanLas, Vyas states that some greenish white 5Shveta7 planet has crossedhitra. This means that the planet was in Swati 5or Vishakha, because hitra and Swati

are close together7. This is the Sayan position hence Girayan position is eight Gakshatrasahead in Shravan 5or hanishtha7. Geelakantha calls this !Mahapata! which meanshaving greater orbit. /reater orbit indicates a planet beyond Saturn. 3ence I assumedShveta to be =ranus. Bet us calculate and see if this true.

In :ctober ).>+1A+1A


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planet in the &stronomical science of India. Geelakantha was about )++ years before3erschel, who sup% posedly discovered =ranus. So we can conclude that one hundred

before 3erschel, =ranus was known to the Indian &stronomers and Vyas had discoveredit at or before 00>) year '. .

NEPTUNE 5was known to Vyas in 00>) '. .7

In )D1) &. ., 3erschel discovered =ranus but its calculated positions nevercorroborated with the actual positions. So the experts thought of another planet beyond=ranus. They fixed its position by mathemat% ics, and at that site, it was discovered by/erman &stronomers in )1A> &. . I have found that Geptune is also mentioned by Vyasin Mahabharat, under the name of !Shyama!.

Shukrahah 2rosthapade 2oorve Samaruhya Virochate =ttare tu 2arikramya SahitahSamudikshyate.... )0%'heeshma.8J Shyamograhah 2ra?walitah Sadhooma iva 2avakah&aindram Te?aswi Gaksha% tram yesthaam &akramya Tishthati... )>%'heeshma.8J

3ere Vyas says that there was some luminary with Venus in 2oorva 'ha% drapada. 3eadds further that a bluish white 5Shyama7 planet was in yeshtha and it was smoky5Sadhoom7. Saayan yeshta means Girayan 2oorva 'hadrapada, so this is the descriptionof one and the same planet named by Vyas as Shyama. Geelkantha calls it !2arigha! inhis commentary on Mahabharat. 2arigha means circumference, so this planet may be atthe circumference of our solar system. and so may be Gep% tune. Bet us see byMathematics is this statement is true. #e will determine the position of Geptune on )>th

ecember 00>) '. .

Geptune takes )>A.D1 years per rotation. It was at *8A degrees in )A.D1gives A0.)0))) turns. +.)0))) turn means 0A.8< deg. *+ % 0A.8< E %8A.8< E 8>+ % 8A.8< E8*0.>) degrees. This is 2oorva% 'hadrapada.

Thus the position of Shyama or 2arigha is factually proved in the case of Geptune. Thus,we conclude that Vyas did know Geptune too. Vyas might have got his knowledge byFogic 2ower or by Mathematics or by using telescopic lenses. Mathematics was faradvanced then, that is why ancient Indian sages fixed the rate of precession of $"uinoxesaccurately. $ven the world famous scientist /amov praised the sages for their remarkablework in Mathematics. So could have mathematically calculated the position of Shyama or

Geptune.


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Mirrors are mentioned in the Mahabharat. So lenses too might have been present at thattime. They had Microscopic Vision 5Shanti &. )0,8+17. &s microscopic vision was

present, there might be telescopes too. 2lanets can be seen with mirrors as well as lenses.Vyas must have !seen! Geptune its proof lies in the fact that he says that it is bluishwhite 5Shyama7. Geptune is, in fact, bluish white in colour. 3ence we conclude that

Geptune was known to Vyas in 00>) '. .

PLUTO 5was also known to Vyas in 00>) '. 7

;rittikaam 2eedayan Teekshnaihi Gakshatram...... 8+%'heeshma.8J

Vyas states that there was one Gakshatra, i.e, some immobile liminary troubling ;rittika52leides7 with its sharp rays. This !star! in ;rit% tika must have been some !planet!. Itmust have been stationary for many years, that is why Vyas called it Gakshatra whichmeans a thing that does not move according to Mahabharat itself Ga ;sharati ItiMakshatramJ.

3ence the Gakshatra was a planet moving very slowly like pluto which takes nine yearsto cross one Gakshatra of )8 degrees. My assumption that this Gakshatra was 2luto getsconfirmed by '.:.(.I 5'handarkar :riental (esearch Institute47 $dition which statesthus @

;rittikasu /rahasteevro Gakshatre 2rathame valan...... *>% 'hishma.8J

Some editions mention -/rahasteekshnah-. Thus Teevra, Teekshana and Gakshatra are thenames of one and the same planet 5graha7 which was in ;rittlka in 00>) '. . Bet us see ifVyas has given these names to 2luto and if 2luto was in ;rittika. It is stated that ;rittika

was troubled with sharp rays by that planet % this indicates that it was Girayan ;rittika.

2luto was at )D0 degrees in )


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great planets. The Moon also is not included, because it was not visible on that day of&mavasya with Solar $clipse. 9rom the positions discovered by me and given by Vyas itis seen that Mars, Sun, Mercury, upiter, =ranus, Venus and Geptune were the sevengreat planets accumulated in a small field extending from &nuradha to 2urva'hadrapada. So they appeared to Ved%Vyas as colliding with each other, during total

solar eclipse.

Gissaranto Vyadrushanta Suryaat Sapta Mahagrahah.... A%;arna 8DJ.

This stanLa clearly states that these seven great planets were -seen- moving away from theSun. &s these are -seen-, (ahu and ;etu are out of "uestion. This is the statement ofsixteenth day of the #ar, naturally the Moon has moved away from the Sun. 3ence,Moon, Mars, Mercury, upiter, =ranus, Venus and Geptune are the seven great planetsmentioned by Vyas.

2ra?a Samharane (a?an Somam Sapta grahah Iva...... **% rona 8DJ.

3ere again seven planets are mentioned, excluding the Moon.

$ven if we do not consider the planetary positions, from the above three stanLas, it isclear that seven planets are mentioned which do not include the Sun, Moon, (ahu and;etu. Gaturally the conclusion is inevitable that Vyas did know =ranus 5Shveta7 and

Geptune 5Shyama7 as planets.

If they were known from 00>) years '. . then why they got forgotten 4 The answer issimple, that these two planets, =ranus and Geptune were not useful in predicting thefuture of a person. So they lost impor% tance and in the course of time they were totally

forgotten. 'ut, in any case, Geelakantha from )Dth century knew these two planets veryweIl. Geelakantha is about a hundered years ancient than 3er% schel, and he writes thatMahapata 5=ranus7 is a famous planet in the &stronomical science of India. 3e alsomentions the planet -2arigha- i.e. Geptune. ** So both were known in India, at least one3undered years before 3erschel. Vyas is D8A8 years ancient than 3erschel, but still heknew all the three planets =ranus, Geptune and 2luto.

& ITI:G&B $VI $G $

Kshaya or Vishvaghasra Paksha

& fortnight of only thirteen days is told by Vyasa which occured ?ust before the great#ar. Such a fortnight comes at the interval of ** years. alculations show that at 00>*nd'. . ;shaya 2aksha did occur. It had occured )* and )* E D0*A iscompletely divisi% ble by **.

Amavasya confirmed


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;rishna and ;arna fixed the day of #ar on &mavasya 5=dyog )A*7. Vyas also indicatesin 'hishma * N 8 that the #ar started on the day second &mayasya, because twosuccessive &mavasyas appeared then. 'hishma died on the day after >D 501Cth :ctober. Bet us see if &mavasya comes on this day.

In )D gives DDD).0>)> Bunaryears. +.0>)> Bunar year means )> in 2urva &shadha. It was 2ournima so the Moon was diagonally opposite at5*>>%)1+E7 1> deg. in 2unarvasu, ?ust beyond Mruga, so it was Margashirsha 2ournimathough it is wrongly or enigmatically told to be ;artika 2ournima. (ahu was at *D8 deg.,so ;etu was diagonally opposite in 2unarvasu, so the ellipse of the moon was possiblewhich was not total.

A Big comet

Vyas has mentioned that at the time of Mahabharat #ar a big comet was seen ?ust beyond 2ushya Gakshtra. There are many comets. Indian &stro% nomical works refer tomore than 0++ comets, but big comets are very few. 3aley-s comet is one of the bigcomets which comes at the regu% lar intervals of DD years. It was seen in )


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Conc-2+ion

&ll the twelve planets confirm their said positions on )>th :ctober 00>) years '. . alongwith two &mavasyas, two eclipses, ;shaya 2aksha and a omet. Thus, in all )1mathematical positions fix the same date. Therefore, we have to accept this date of theMahabharat #ar, if we want to be scientific. 2lease note that all the twelve planets willcome in the same positions again only after ***< crores of years. That means it will neverhappen again in the life of our earth, because life of the earth is only A++ crores of years.So the date of the Mahabharat #ar is pin%pointed as )>th :ctober 00>) '. .

APPENDI6

3ereunder is provided a short table dates of important Mahabharat events in years. 5 atesand Tithis in years in (ama Samvat assuming Shri (ama Samvat )st anuary. )

e"uivalent to )st an D8*8 '. . (ama-s birth date has been conclusively proved to be Athec. D8*8 '. .5 "Vastav Ramayan !7.

% ) $A)

#oing to /orest 4th "ept. 5574 BC

&it!eet &i ed 7th "ept. 5574 BC

#oing underground 19th May 55(2 BC

&ee hak ki ed 1st Apri 55(1 BC

Anukee hak-Massa re 2nd Apri 55(1 BC

nd o/ se ret i/e 9th Apri 55(1 BC

Co s sto en 15th Apri 55(1 BC

Ar una e posed 1(th Apri 55(1 BC

A panda*as e posed 19th Apri 55(1 BC

Marriage o/ ttara 4th May.6 A hi!anyu.

&rishna set out /or a treaty. 27th "ept.

"tay at pap a*ya 27th "ept.

"tay at %rukshtha a 28th "ept.

$inner to Brah!ins 29th "ept.

ntry into 'astinapur 30th "ept.


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&rishna !eets &unti et . 1st t.

n*ited /or !eeting 2nd t.

:irst !eeting 3rd t.

"e ond !eeting and an atte!pt 4th t.to arrest &rishna.

)hird !eeting %ish*aroopa 7th t.

"tay at &unti 8th t.

&rishna !eets &arna. ;ar 9th t. /i ed.

&rishna returns 9th t.

anda*as preparation 11th t.

Ba ara!an. 55(0 BC/or ea th

arikshita orn 28th >an. 55(0 BC

anda*as return 25th :e . 55(0 BC

Ash*a!edh $eeksha. 1st Mar h 55(0 BC

?eturn o/ Ar una 'orse 15th >an. 55(0 BC

Ash*a!edh ya na 22nd :e . 5559 BC

$hrutarashtra ent to /orest 18th Aug. 5545 BC

anda*as *isited &unti 18th Aug. 5543 BC%idura e pired

$eath o/ &unti@ $hrutarashtra@ "ept.+ t. 5541 BCand #andhari

=ada*a Massa re 5525 B.C.

arikshit $ead 5499 B.C.


19/19

Reference+

2.V.Vartak, S ayam!h 5in Marathi7, Ved Vidnyana Mandal, 2une

Bac, To Mahabharat Lin,+Bac, To Librar4 Of Hin$2 Hi+tor4

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