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33 Metals and Plastics www.mrcjcs.com 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the periodic table is all metals. You must know Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Aluminium (Al), Iron (Fe), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au). The nonmetals you must know are Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Sulfur (S), Hydrogen (H) and Nitrogen (N).

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Page 1: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

33 ­ Metals and Plastics

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February 06, 2014

33 ­ Metals and PlasticsMost of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the periodic table is all metals.You must know Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Aluminium (Al), Iron (Fe), Silver (Ag), Gold (Au).

The non­metals you must know are Carbon (C), Oxygen (O), Sulfur (S), Hydrogen (H)and Nitrogen (N).

Page 2: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

33 ­ Metals and Plastics

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February 06, 2014

Properties of Metals

Metals are lustrous (shiny!) e.g. jewellery, mirrors Metals are ductile (easy to stretch) e.g. electrical wireMetals are malleable (beat into different shapes) e.g. car­panel beaters

Metals are strong, have a high melting point, are heavy and good conductors. 

Page 3: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

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Properties of Non­Metals

Non­Metals are dull. They do not stretch.They are brittle and shatter easily. e.g. carbon in pencilThey have low melting and boiling points ­ many are gases.They are light and have a low density.They are poor conductors of heatNone are magnetic. 

Page 4: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

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February 06, 2014

Conducts electricity

Metal or Non­metal?

The easiest way to test if something is a metal or not is to see if it.....

Page 5: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

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AlloysAn Alloy is a mixture of metals.

Examples are brass, steel and bronze.

Brass = Copper and Zinc

Bronze = Copper and Tin

Steel = Iron and Carbon

Page 6: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

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February 06, 2014

Group 1 Metals ­ The Alkali metalsThese do not occur freely in nature usually as they are so reactive.They lose their outer electron easily to react with other elements.They are stored under oil to avoid contact with Oxygen.

Examples ­  Sodium   +  Oxygen        Sodium Oxide

Sodium  +  Water        Sodium Hydroxide   +  Hydrogen

All the Alkali metals are soft, easy to cut, react with oxygen and water.They all release Hydrogen gas (pop!) and form a Hydrogen compound.

Uses ­ Lithium is used in batteries. Sodium is used in street lights.

Page 7: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

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February 06, 2014

Video!

ReactivitySome are more reactive than others.

These metals are tested in water and acid.They always react the same way and give off Hydrogen gas.

Page 8: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

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February 06, 2014

Corrosion of Metals

The corrosion of Iron and steel is known as Rusting.

Causes ­ there are 2 things necessary for rusting. Oxygen and Water.

Prevention ­ there are several ways to stop rusting.

• Painting• Oiling• Greasing• Galvanising (covered in zinc)

Page 9: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

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February 06, 2014

Oxygen and Water are needed for Rusting

Page 10: 33 - Metals and Plastics - Metals and Plastics.pdf · 33 Metals and Plastics 1 February 06, 2014 33 Metals and Plastics Most of the elements are metals. The left hand side of the

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February 06, 2014

Reaction of Metals and Acid

Zinc   +   Hydrochloric Acid  Zinc Chloride   +   HydrogenGas

Zn   +   HCL                                  ZnCl2   +   H2

Should pop!

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February 06, 2014

PlasticsCommon plastics ­ polythene, polystyrene, nylon and PVC

Most plastics come from crude oil.

Properties of Plastics ­ Easily MouldedEasy to MaintainInexpensiveLightGood Insulators

Plastics and the environmentNon biodegradablePoisonous Fumes