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3.04 Functions and disorders of the ear
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
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3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
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Essential Questions
•What are the functions of the sensory system?
•What are some disorders of the sensory system?
•How are sensory system disorders treated?
•How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system?
Understanding the functions of the ear:
Hearing
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
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Understanding the functions of the ear
External earExternal earPinna: collects sound waves Pinna: collects sound waves and sends them to auditory and sends them to auditory canalcanalExternal auditory canalExternal auditory canal
Contains cerumen: protects Contains cerumen: protects ear (oily, wax like ear (oily, wax like substance)substance)
Tympanic membrane: Tympanic membrane: separates outer and middle separates outer and middle earear
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
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Understanding the functions of the ear
Middle ear: cavity in the Middle ear: cavity in the temporal bonetemporal bone
Ossicles: transmits sounds Ossicles: transmits sounds waves from ear drum to waves from ear drum to inner earinner ear1. Hammer: malleus1. Hammer: malleus2. Anvil: incus2. Anvil: incus3. Stirrups: stapes3. Stirrups: stapes
Eustachian tube: connects Eustachian tube: connects to the pharynx (equalizes to the pharynx (equalizes pressure in the middle ear pressure in the middle ear with the outsidewith the outside
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
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Understanding the functions of the ear
Inner earInner ear
Cochlea: filled with fluid Cochlea: filled with fluid that vibrates when the sound that vibrates when the sound waves from the stirrup bone waves from the stirrup bone strike against itstrike against it
Semicircular canals: liquid Semicircular canals: liquid and hair like structures bend and hair like structures bend when set in motion by head when set in motion by head and body movements and body movements impulses sent to cerebellum; impulses sent to cerebellum; help maintain balance & help maintain balance & equilibriumequilibrium
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
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Understanding the functions of the ear
Pathway of hearingPathway of hearingTrace the pathway of Trace the pathway of hearing.hearing.Discuss the process of Discuss the process of hearing.hearing.What are decibels?What are decibels?Sound measured in decibels (dB): Sound measured in decibels (dB): faintest sound is labeled dB faintest sound is labeled dB whereas a jet engine is 165dB. whereas a jet engine is 165dB. Exposure to anything over 90dB for Exposure to anything over 90dB for 8 hrs may be dangerous to your 8 hrs may be dangerous to your hearing.hearing.
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
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Understanding the functions of the ear
What is occurring at each structure?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
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Review the
pathway of
hearing
Healthy Hearing
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How do you protect your hearing?What is the relevance to healthy hearing?
Listening to loud noises over a long period of time damagehair in the organ of Corti (cochlea). It destroys receptors and nerve cells and the damage is permanent.
Understanding the functions of the ear
Sound ActivitySound Activity
What is a sound byte?What is a sound byte?
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Short bit of sound or clip from a Short bit of sound or clip from a longer recording. longer recording.
Disorders of the ear
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Disorders of the ear
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Disorders of the ear External otitis
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Discuss what you see in this picture? (Besides a Q-tip!)
What causes external otitis?
How can it be prevented?
Disorders of the earOtitis mediaOtitis mediaWhat is otitis media?What is otitis media?Ear infection of middle earEar infection of middle ear
Who is most at risk of having Who is most at risk of having
otitis media? Why?otitis media? Why?Children; eustachian tube is shorter so Children; eustachian tube is shorter so common colds create pressure because of common colds create pressure because of fluid to build up behind the tympanic fluid to build up behind the tympanic membranemembrane
What are the treatment options?What are the treatment options?Antibiotics or a myringotomyAntibiotics or a myringotomy
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Disorders of the earOtosclerosisOtosclerosisWhat is it?What is it?
Oto- sclerosisOto- sclerosisStapes bone becomes hard making it unmovable. Common Stapes bone becomes hard making it unmovable. Common cause of hearing loss in young adultscause of hearing loss in young adults..
What causes it?What causes it?Inherited disorderInherited disorder
Why is a stapedectomy useful in treating Why is a stapedectomy useful in treating otosclerosis?otosclerosis?Total replacement of the stapesTotal replacement of the stapes
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Disorders of the earMeniere’s diseaseMeniere’s diseaseWhat are the symptoms of What are the symptoms of Meniere’s disease?Meniere’s disease?Vertigo (dizziness)Vertigo (dizziness)
What causes these What causes these symptoms?symptoms?Pressure and swelling distorts Pressure and swelling distorts balance info sent to the cerebellumbalance info sent to the cerebellum
How is it treated?How is it treated?Avoid salt, caffeine, nictoine. Avoid salt, caffeine, nictoine. Medicines to treat dizziness and Medicines to treat dizziness and nausea. Bedrest and drinking nausea. Bedrest and drinking plenty of water.plenty of water. 3.04 Understand the functions and
disorders of the sensory system
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Disorders of the ear
TinnitusTinnitusWhat is tinnitus? What is tinnitus? Ringing in earsRinging in ears
Explain this statement:Explain this statement:
Tinnitus is a symptom, Tinnitus is a symptom, not a disorder.not a disorder.
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Sign of hearing loss
Disorders of the earPresbycusisPresbycusisWhat is presbycusis?What is presbycusis?Deafness due to agingDeafness due to aging
Conductive hearing loss?Conductive hearing loss?Sounds to the inner ear are blocked Sounds to the inner ear are blocked by wax or fluid in the middle ear or by wax or fluid in the middle ear or abnormal bone growthabnormal bone growth
Sensory hearing loss?Sensory hearing loss?Damage to inner ear or auditory Damage to inner ear or auditory nerves; treatment is cochlear implantsnerves; treatment is cochlear implants
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Testing for hearing loss
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Weber testRinne test
Compare these two tests. How are they diagnostic?
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
3.04 Understand the functions and disorders of the sensory system
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Essential Questions
•What are the functions of the sensory system?
•What are some disorders of the sensory system?
•How are sensory system disorders treated?
•How do you relate the body’s communication to the sensory system?
3.04 Functions and disorders of the ear
The EndThe End
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