3.01 Networks-Travel Back in Time3.01 Networks-Travel Back in Time

Unit 3 Unit 3 Internet BasicsInternet Basics

Introduction• The Internet and the World Wide Web—are they the same or are they

different?

Introduction

• Who invented the Internet and the Web, anyway?

Introduction

• Did you know that the definition of a web page is “an HTML file on a computer that has an IP number, identified by a URL address and transmitted in HTTP using TCP/IP standards”.

• What does that mean?

Introduction

• Did you know that from a URL address you can identify the name of the host computer and the country in which it is located?

• Read the next two lessons to find the answers to all these questions and more.

Introduction

• At the end of this lesson, you will be able to: – Describe networked computer functions (ACOS #1.B1)– Identify the parts of a URL – Define TCP/IP, HTML and hyperlinks

Lesson

• Many people think that the World Wide Web (WWW) is synonymous with the Internet, but the WWW is actually just a service that runs on the Internet. – The Internet consists of a network of interconnected computers that

transmit data using standard Internet Protocol (IP). – The WWW, in contrast, is the total collection of information available

on that portion of the Internet that contains hyperlinked documents.

Lesson

• A network is established any time two or more computers are connected together to share data, programs or hardware. – So the Internet is the system of connections; and the WWW is the

information available on that system. – Other commonly known services operating over the Internet include

email and FTP (File Transfer Protocol).

Lesson• Complete the ACT360 Network Tutorial

– Take a screenshot at the end of the tutorial• Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as

– 3.01 Network Tutorial

Lesson• In the late 1950’s U. S. Dept of Defense was concerned about nuclear

attack by the Soviet Union. • In 1957, Russia became the first country to send a satellite—Sputnik—into

orbit. • That rattled the United States.

– Our Defense Department got busy and connected military and university computers to assure that we could maintain control of our defense system in case of attack.

– And that was the beginning of networked computers.

Lesson• Workstations on a network share:

– Data, programs, devices – Through a central computer called a server– Two-way transmission

Lesson: Topology• Topology

– The physical configuration/layout – A way of connecting computers, or nodes, on a network – Common topologies are: bus, ring, star, tree

• How do networked computers communicate with each other?

The answer: TCP/IP

• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol– NOTE: Protocol means a code of formal etiquette;

the way things are supposed to transpire.

Lesson: TCP• TCP

– A way of packaging messages – Breaks messages into pieces that can be managed – It orders messages

• so it can be transmitted • then arrive in a logical fashion

– Then numbers each piece so it can be reordered upon receipt

Lesson: IP• IP

– Routes or directs messages correctly to a computer address – Each computer has a unique 32-bit IP address

• 4 sets of numbers • Example: 144.400.35.6

Lesson: Protocols• Protocols

– Definition: a communications system used to transfer data over networks

– A language that computers can understand – One of the most common protocols is Hypertext Transfer Protocol or

http:// – Others are File Transfer Protocol, ftp:// and newsgroups, news://

Lesson: HTML• Hypertext Markup Language: HTML

– Definition: the coding system for Web pages • The Web is a collection of hyperlinked documents written in HTML

Code • many programs use HTML file converters; but • knowing and understanding HTML code lets you do this to web

pages: – repair – modify – update

Lesson: How Networks Work• Watch eHow: How Networks Work

– Take a screenshot at the end of video• Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 Folder as

– 3.01 How Networks Work

Lesson: Review• When networked computers first started, they relied on telephone lines to

transmit data, which was slow if a large amount of data was being transmitted. • It wasn’t until the 1980’s that Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol was

invented, and that provided a faster way to transmit data. • TCP/IP is a method of breaking messages into sections that are then reassembled

into the original message. • Transmission was now faster, but users were still not able to jump from web page

to web page! • So, many people contributed to the invention of the “Internet”. • But what other invention led to the use of the World Wide Web as we know it

today, when was it invented, and who was the inventor? • What are advantages and disadvantages to computer networking?

Task

• Conduct an Internet search and find the answers to the following 8 questions :1. Who is credited with inventing the World Wide Web (be sure to search “World

Wide Web” and not “Internet”)?2. What was his invention?3. What year did it appear? 4. Explain 3 advantages of computer networking.5. Explain 3 disadvantages of computer networking .6. In a large office setting why would it be more efficient and more cost effective to

have computers networked with a file server instead of stand-alone computers? 7. As it relates to computer networks, what is a LAN? 8. As it relates to computer network, what is a WAN?

• Type out the 8 questions and the answers to each question– Save to your F Drive in your Unit 3 folder as

» 3.01 History and Internet Dropbox.» Print it out

Are you finished?

•

You should have 3 things saved on your F Drive in your Unit

3 Folder.– 3.01 Network Tutorial– 3.01 How Networks Work– 3.01 History and Internet Dropbox

• So, are you finished?