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Article posted by SheoNarayan on 5/4/2008 | Views: 594034 | Category: ASP.NET | Level: Intermediate
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3-Tier architecture is a very well know buzz word in the world of softwaredevelopment whether it web based or desktop based. In this article I am going toshow how to design a web application based on 3-tier architecture.
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Download source code for 3-Tier Architecture in ASP.NET with C#
Updated on July 01 2008: Source Code attached
Introduction
3-Tier architecture generally contains UI or Presentation Layer, Business AccessLayer (BAL) or Business Logic Layer and Data Access Layer (DAL).
Presentation Layer (UI) Presentation layer cotains pages like .aspx or windows form where data is
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presented to the user or input is taken from the user.
Business Access Layer (BAL) or Business Logic Layer BAL contains business logic, validations or calculations related with the data, ifneeded. I will call it Business Access Layer in my demo.
Data Access Layer (DAL) DAL contains methods that helps business layer to connect the data and performrequired action, might be returning data or manipulating data (insert, update,delete etc). For this demo application, I have taken a very simple example. I amassuming that I have to play with record of persons (FirstName, LastName, Age)and I will refer only these data through out this article.
Designing 3-Tier Architecture
For the ease of understanding, I have created BAL, DAL into the App_Code folder. In real scenario, you should createseparate projects for BAL, DAL (as Class Library) and UI (as Web project) and reference your BAL into UI.
Data Access Layer Lets proceed with desiging 3-Tier architecture. To do that lets proceed with DAL, BAL and then UI. Add a class named by rightclicking App_Code folder. (In my case I have a 3-Tier folder inside App_Code folder, you can directly add inside App_Code or youcan create a separate project for DAL and add reference of this project into your BAL.) and copy-paste folowing code (Your canoverwrite your default written code for the class file by pasting this code). Here, I have assumed that you will create therespective stored procedure yourself into the database or you may download attachment fromhttp://www.dotnetfunda.com/articles/article18.aspx article and look for App_Data folder for complete databasestructure and stored procedure for this article.
Data Access Layer (DAL)
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Code for Data Access Layer
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for PersonDAL3
/// </summary>
public class PersonDAL3
{
string connStr = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["TutTestConn"].ToString();
public PersonDAL3()
{
}
/// <summary>
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/// Used to insert records into database
/// </summary>
/// <param name="firstName"></param>
/// <param name="lastName"></param>
/// <param name="age"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Insert(string firstName, string lastName, int age)
{
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr);
conn.Open();
SqlCommand dCmd = new SqlCommand("InsertData", conn);
dCmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
try
{
dCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@firstName", firstName);
dCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@lastName", lastName);
dCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@age", age);
return dCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
catch
{
throw;
}
finally
{
dCmd.Dispose();
conn.Close();
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conn.Dispose();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Update record into database
/// </summary>
/// <param name="personID"></param>
/// <param name="firstName"></param>
/// <param name="lastName"></param>
/// <param name="age"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Update(int personID, string firstName, string lastName, int age)
{
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr);
conn.Open();
SqlCommand dCmd = new SqlCommand("UpdateData", conn);
dCmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
try
{
dCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@firstName", firstName);
dCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@lastName", lastName);
dCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@age", age);
dCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@personID", personID);
return dCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
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catch
{
throw;
}
finally
{
dCmd.Dispose();
conn.Close();
conn.Dispose();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Load all records from database
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public DataTable Load()
{
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr);
SqlDataAdapter dAd = new SqlDataAdapter("LoadAll", conn);
dAd.SelectCommand.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
DataSet dSet = new DataSet();
try
{
dAd.Fill(dSet, "PersonTable");
return dSet.Tables["PersonTable"];
}
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catch
{
throw;
}
finally
{
dSet.Dispose();
dAd.Dispose();
conn.Close();
conn.Dispose();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Delete record from database
/// </summary>
/// <param name="personID"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Delete(int personID)
{
SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr);
conn.Open();
SqlCommand dCmd = new SqlCommand("DeleteData", conn);
dCmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
try
{
dCmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@personID", personID);
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return dCmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}
catch
{
throw;
}
finally
{
dCmd.Dispose();
conn.Close();
conn.Dispose();
}
}
}
In the above code, I have a member variable called connStr that is getting database connection string from my web.config filethat is being used through out the class. I have separate method for inserting, deleting, updating records into database andloading records from database. I am not goint into details of how I am connecting database and manipulating the data just tomake this tutorials short.
Business Access Layer (BAL)
Now, create a class named PersonBAL3 into App_Code folder by right clicking it and write respective methods for calling Insert,Delete, Update and Load methods of Data Access Layer class file (PersonDAL3) (In my case I have a 3-Tier folder insideApp_Code folder, you can directly add inside App_Code or you can create a separate project for BAL and add reference of thisproject into your Presentation Layer). As we don't have any business logic here so simply instantiate the PersonDAL3 class ofDAL and call methods. Below is the code for BAL (Your can overwrite your default written code for the class file by pasting thiscode).
Code for Business Access Layer
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using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for PersonBAL3
/// </summary>
public class PersonBAL3
{
public PersonBAL3()
{
}
/// <summary>
/// insert records into database
/// </summary>
/// <param name="firstName"></param>
/// <param name="lastName"></param>
/// <param name="age"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
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public int Insert(string firstName, string lastName, int age)
{
PersonDAL3 pDAL = new PersonDAL3();
try
{
return pDAL.Insert(firstName, lastName, age);
}
catch
{
throw;
}
finally
{
pDAL = null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Update records into database
/// </summary>
/// <param name="personID"></param>
/// <param name="firstName"></param>
/// <param name="lastName"></param>
/// <param name="age"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Update(int personID, string firstName, string lastName, int age)
{
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PersonDAL3 pDAL = new PersonDAL3();
try
{
return pDAL.Update(personID, firstName, lastName, age);
}
catch
{
throw;
}
finally
{
pDAL = null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Load records from database
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public DataTable Load()
{
PersonDAL3 pDAL = new PersonDAL3();
try
{
return pDAL.Load();
}
catch
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{
throw;
}
finally
{
pDAL = null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Delete record from database
/// </summary>
/// <param name="personID"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Delete(int personID)
{
PersonDAL3 pDAL = new PersonDAL3();
try
{
return pDAL.Delete(personID);
}
catch
{
throw;
}
finally
{
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pDAL = null;
}
}
}
Till now we haev our Business Access Layer and Database Access Layer ready. Now we have to write our Presentation Layerthat will use our Business Access Layer methods. Lets create a form that will have three textboxes for FirstName, LastName andAge.
Presentation Layer
Create an Insert.aspx page (make is as Startup page) and copy paste following code to bring the insert form something likedisplaying in the picture. Code for Insert Record form
<asp:Label ID="lblMessage" runat="Server" ForeColor="red" EnableViewState="False"></asp:Label>
<table style="border:2px solid #cccccc;">
<tr style="background-color:#507CD1;color:White;">
<th colspan="3">Add Records</th>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td>
First Name:
</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtFirstName" runat="Server"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td>
<asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="req1" runat="Server" Text="*" ControlToValidate="txtFirstName"
Display="dynamic"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Last Name:
</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtLastName" runat="Server"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td>
<asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="req2" runat="Server" Text="*" ControlToValidate="txtLastName"
Display="dynamic"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<td>
Age:
</td>
<td>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtAge" runat="Server" Columns="4"></asp:TextBox>
</td>
<td>
<asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="req3" runat="Server" Text="*" ControlToValidate="txtAge"
Display="dynamic"></asp:RequiredFieldValidator>
<asp:CompareValidator ID="Comp1" runat="Server" Text="Only integer" ControlToValidate="txtAge"
Operator="DataTypeCheck" Type="Integer"></asp:CompareValidator>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> </td>
<td>
<asp:Button ID="btnSubmit" runat="server" Text="Submit" OnClick="AddRecords" />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
Now, lets write method that will fire when Submit button will be clicked on the from. Code for AddRecords method
protected void AddRecords(object sender, EventArgs e)
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{
//Lets validate the page first
if (!Page.IsValid)
return;
int intResult = 0;
// Page is valid, lets go ahead and insert records
// Instantiate BAL object
PersonBAL3 pBAL = new PersonBAL3();
// Instantiate the object we have to deal with
string firstName = txtFirstName.Text;
string lastName = txtLastName.Text;
int age = Int32.Parse(txtAge.Text);
try
{
intResult = pBAL.Insert(firstName, lastName, age);
if (intResult > 0)
lblMessage.Text = "New record inserted successfully.";
else
lblMessage.Text = "FirstName [<b>"+ txtFirstName.Text +"</b>] alredy exists, try another name";
}
catch (Exception ee)
{
lblMessage.Text = ee.Message.ToString();
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}
finally
{
pBAL = null;
}
}
In the above code, first I am validating the page by using Page.IsValid method just to check if correct data has been entered.Then I have instantiated PersonBAL3 and calling Insert method of it (pBAL.Insert) by passing firstName, lastName, age asparameter.
Dispalying Records into GridView
Create a .aspx file called List.aspx and create a GridView something like displayed into the picture. To list the record intoGridView that will also enable us to Edit, Delete record, copy paste following code.
Code for GridView
<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" CellPadding="4" ForeColor="#333333" GridLines="None"
DataKeyNames="PersonID" AutoGenerateEditButton="True" AutoGenerateColumns="False"
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OnRowEditing="EditRecord" OnRowUpdating="UpdateRecord" OnRowCancelingEdit="CancelRecord"
OnRowDeleting="DeleteRecord" PageSize="5" >
<FooterStyle BackColor="#507CD1" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
<RowStyle BackColor="#EFF3FB" />
<EditRowStyle BackColor="#2ff1BF" />
<SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#D1DDF1" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#333333" />
<PagerStyle BackColor="#2461BF" ForeColor="White" HorizontalAlign="Center" />
<HeaderStyle BackColor="#507CD1" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
<AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="White" />
<Columns>
<asp:BoundField DataField="PersonID" HeaderText="Person ID" ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="PersonID" />
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="First Name" SortExpression="FirstName">
<ItemTemplate>
<%# Eval("FirstName") %>
</ItemTemplate>
<EditItemTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtFName" runat="Server" Text='<%# Eval("FirstName") %>'></asp:TextBox>
</EditItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Last Name" SortExpression="LastName">
<ItemTemplate>
<%# Eval("LastName") %>
</ItemTemplate>
<EditItemTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtLName" runat="Server" Text='<%# Eval("LastName") %>'></asp:TextBox>
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</EditItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Age" SortExpression="Age">
<ItemTemplate>
<%# Eval("Age") %>
</ItemTemplate>
<EditItemTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="txtAge" runat="Server" Text='<%# Eval("Age") %>'></asp:TextBox>
</EditItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:TemplateField HeaderText="Delete?">
<ItemTemplate>
<span onclick="return confirm('Are you sure to Delete?')">
<asp:LinkButton ID="lnBD" runat="server" Text="Delete" CommandName="Delete"></asp:LinkButton>
</span>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
</Columns>
</asp:GridView>
Code to Load records and Displaying Records into GridView
private DataTable BindGrid()
{
PersonBAL3 p = new PersonBAL3();
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try
{
DataTable dTable = p.Load();
GridView1.DataSource = dTable;
GridView1.DataBind();
}
catch (Exception ee)
{
lblMessage.Text = ee.Message.ToString();
}
finally
{
p = null;
}
return dTable;
}
In the above method I am instantiating PersonBAL3 class and calling Load method to get the record into DataTable and binding itinto GridView.
Code to Delete Records
protected void DeleteRecord(object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e)
{
int personID = Int32.Parse(GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString());
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// instantiate BAL
PersonBAL3 pBAL = new PersonBAL3();
try
{
pBAL.Delete(personID);
lblMessage.Text = "Record Deleted Successfully.";
}
catch (Exception ee)
{
lblMessage.Text = ee.Message.ToString();
}
finally
{
pBAL = null;
}
GridView1.EditIndex = -1;
// Refresh the list
BindGrid();
}
Above method will fire when Delete link will be clicked on the GridView. In the above code, I am instantiating PersonBAL3 andcalling Delete method by passing personID as parameter so that select reocrds will be deleted from datbase.
Code to Update records
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protected void UpdateRecord(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e)
{
int personID = Int32.Parse(GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString());
int intResult = 0;
GridViewRow row = GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex];
TextBox tFN = (TextBox) row.FindControl("txtFName");
TextBox tLN = (TextBox)row.FindControl("txtLName");
TextBox tAge = (TextBox)row.FindControl("txtAge");
// instantiate BAL
PersonBAL3 pBAL = new PersonBAL3();
try
{
intResult = pBAL.Update(personID, tFN.Text, tLN.Text, int.Parse(tAge.Text));
if (intResult > 0)
lblMessage.Text = "Record Updated Successfully.";
else
lblMessage.Text = "Record couldn't updated";
}
catch (Exception ee)
{
lblMessage.Text = ee.Message.ToString();
} finally
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{
pBAL = null;
}
GridView1.EditIndex = -1;
// Refresh the list
BindGrid();
}
Above method will fire when Update link will be clicked for a particular row of the GridView in edit mode. In the above method, Iam instantiating PersonBAL3 and calling the Update method by p[assing required parameters.
Now we have all set to go, now just run your project and try inserting records. You can also navigate to another page yourcreated (list.aspx) and try updating, deleting records.
Conclusion
By using 3-Tier architecture in your project you can achive
1. Seperation - the functionality is seperated from the data access and presentation so that it is more maintainable 2. Independence - layers are established so that if one is modified (to some extent) it will not affect other layers. 3. Reusability - As the layers are seperated, it can exist as a module that can be reused by other application by referencing it.
Hope this article helped you understanding 3-Tier architecture and desiging it.
Thanks and Happy Coding !!!
Updated on July 01 2008: Source Code attachedA dvertisements
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ResponsesPosted by: Raja | Posted on: 07 May 2008 06:05:23 PM
This is very nice and simple article.
Keep it up!!!
Posted by: Vansree | Posted on: 01 Jun 2008 08:55:27 PM
Hi,
Share 11
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Nice article; Well and simply explained.
1) Fix for the code block For the css 'pre', add new property 'min-width: 730px;' and add width nn percentage. just to give you flexibility to not show scroll bar for long screens.
pre { ... min-width:730px; overflow:auto; ... width:75%; }
2) Can you post other similar article with Ajax?
I wonder if you can come up with the same but using Ajax Tabs. Because the new buzz in the industry is to use Ajax Tab Panels.
Tab Container (Container to hold GV, Add, Edit)
First Tab Panel ... Grid View Second / on add click: Tab Panel ... Add new record Last Tab Panel ... Edit Record (and delete button)
Why? Delete button only in edit record? Because in practice we expect the delete to be performed with confirmation and also in detailsscreen. (In most of the projects)
Why? Add new / Edit in 2 different tab panels - to have better usability. Like having add button in Grid View will switch you to Tab Panel(Add new) and then perform the add ...
Mattberseth.com has good UI examples.
But would like to see if you can come up with Tabs and your example above. Just a thought! I liked the way you explained!
Regards,
Sreedhar
Posted by: SheoNarayan | Posted on: 01 Jun 2008 10:57:56 PM
Thanks Vansree for your suggestions.
1. Regarding pre class, I will let the webmaster know about it. 2. As far as article on Ajax is concerned, I will try my best to post few articles on Ajax in coming days.
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Thanks and take care. Regards
Posted by: Hm_sheikh | Posted on: 16 Jul 2008 12:06:56 AM
This is simpler example for 3-Tier Architecture. I have one question about passing the data between layers. As you have used four variables to pass data from one layer to another (personID, firstName, lastName, age). Now think the Scenario when the number of fields are too much. In this case definitely the passing number of variable will not be goodidea. How we can pass a large amount of data from one layer to another. Please keep the performance issue in the mind.
Regards Haneef
Posted by: SheoNarayan | Posted on: 16 Jul 2008 09:00:27 AM
Hi Haneef,
In this case use my another article on 4-Tier architecture http://www.dotnetfunda.com/articles/article18.aspx
Thanks
Posted by: Pushpalata | Posted on: 25 Aug 2008 04:36:54 AM
Hi Sir,
IF in Insert method of DAL I have out parameter, how to access it in presentation layer
Posted by: SheoNarayan | Posted on: 25 Aug 2008 08:32:59 PM
Pushpalata,
Read following article to know how to use output parameter
http://www.eggheadcafe.com/PrintSearchContent.asp?LINKID=624
http://asp.dotnetheaven.com/howto/doc/adoplus/OutParams.aspx
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Hope this will hep.
Thanks
Posted by: Moloy2008 | Posted on: 01 Sep 2008 04:32:28 AM
Dear Sir, Thanks so much for such a nice article, I am sure it will help a lot of new .Net learners like me.
I have a small problem while using your code, I am not being able to enter and save a date field in a plain textbox (also tried using adatepicker).
Can you please help me telling me how to capture a date field and save it in SQL 2005. You may also please send me some useful link, ifpossible.
Posted by: SheoNarayan | Posted on: 01 Sep 2008 04:55:21 AM
Not sure if you are getting any error while saving datetime field into database or some other problem exists.
Please see below links, it might help you.
http://forums.msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/vbgeneral/thread/d5af5335-8c60-4f6a-aa04-8a4fad923485/ http://www.themssforum.com/Ado/Saving-DateTime-120524/ http://forums.asp.net/p/1232201/2228157.aspx http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/Forums/ShowMessages.aspx?ThreadID=42132
Thanks
Posted by: Moloy2008 | Posted on: 02 Sep 2008 03:57:01 AM
Dear Sir,
I find there is a format mismatch between iBO.HelpDeskCallDate and txtHelpDeskRequestDate in the code-behind but really dont knowhow to fix it.
I find in my Immediate Window the values iBO.HelpDeskCallDate - {1/1/0001 12:00:00 AM} txtHelpDeskRequestDate : "30-8-200816:35:53" I am new to programming, but looking at this I feel IBO.HelpDeskCallDate is expecting the format which is not provided bytxtHelpDeskRequestDate... Pl Help...
Posted by: SheoNarayan | Posted on: 02 Sep 2008 05:04:08 AM
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The problem you are talking about is related with a specific scenario. May I request you to post it in the Questions section of thiswebsite? Hopefully you will get quicker solution.
A little hint in order to solve your problem is "30-8-2008 16:35:53" is not a correct DateTime format (try to convert or parse it to DateTimeand you will get error). So just pass the value in correct DateTime format.
Thanks
Posted by: Tulsim83 | Posted on: 08 Sep 2008 08:45:41 PM
Hi,
I have a question about the list.aspx page. Just curious why you did not use the gridview wizard to display the list of records. So forexample, configure a sqldatasource and then bind it to the grid view control. Wouldn't this be easier? What are the pros/cons of thisapproach?
Thanks. tulsi
Posted by: SheoNarayan | Posted on: 08 Sep 2008 11:17:19 PM
When you will use SqlDataSource, you are writing your select query, connectionstring and other stuffs at the page itself. This approach isgood if you have a small project but for bigger projects it is not suggestable. For further you can refer to this page
http://www.willasrari.com/blog/usefulness-of-sqldatasource/000193.aspx
Thanks
Posted by: Tulsim83 | Posted on: 09 Sep 2008 07:53:31 PM
Thanks for the feedback. This is exacly the info I was looking for.
Also, thanks for posting such a nice article.
Tulsi
Posted by: Tulsim83 | Posted on: 10 Sep 2008 09:05:14 PM
One more question....
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Did you create the source code for the list.aspx page manually or did you use some type of wizard to do this?
I'm use to binding the gridview to the sqldatasource, but want to learn more on the way you created this page. Are there any goodtutorials for this?
Thanks again. tulsi
Posted by: SheoNarayan | Posted on: 11 Sep 2008 12:38:15 AM
For columns I wrote the code myself and for styles of HeaderTemplate, FooterTemplate etc. I used the template available for theGridView via Smart menu in VS.
Posted by: Nazirk | Posted on: 26 Feb 2009 12:10:30 AM
Hi SheoNarayan,
Indeed a very useful article with easy to understand example. But SheoNarayan, as in this example you are creating DAL and BAL inside App_Code, I need an architecture wherein the DAL and BALshould be outside App_Code folder. Because I am trying to implement this but not getting it. The folder structure what i am looking for the 3 layers should be like this;
--PRESENTATION LAYER --- (this is the startup project) --APP_CODE --APP_DATA --Default.aspx --Home.aspx --Web.config --DAL --clsEmployees --clsTransport --BAL --clsLoad --clsGetEmployees
this is what i need to implement. Can you plz help me out!!!
thanks & regards nazir k
Posted by: SheoNarayan | Posted on: 26 Feb 2009 06:53:20 AM
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Nazirk,
You need to use Visual Studio to create BAL and DAL as separate projects. Once you have created BAL, DAL as separate proejcts, youcan right click the solution and Add Reference to those projects in your web application.
You can create a blank Solution, Add a Web application. Add projects (BAL, DAL) into the same solution and implement the code as it is inthe App_Code folders.
Hope this will give little idea.
Thanks
Posted by: [email protected] | Posted on: 13 Mar 2010 02:50:00 AM
Hi, this is very good code and its very useful, other thing is that its not giving any error after copy the code, for that thank you very much. thanks
Posted by: DON090111982 | Posted on: 01 Sep 2010 06:02:27 PM | Points: 10
protected void SortRecords(object sender, GridViewSortEventArgs e) { DataTable dataTable = GridDataSource();
if (dataTable != null) { DataView dataView = new DataView(dataTable);
dataView.Sort = GetSortExpression(e);
GridView1.DataSource = dataView; GridView1.DataBind(); } } #region Private Methods
/// <summary> /// Bind the gridview /// </summary> private void BindGrid() { GridView1.DataSource = GridDataSource(); GridView1.DataBind(); }
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/// <summary> /// Get GridView DataSource /// </summary> private DataTable GridDataSource() { PersonBAL3 p = new PersonBAL3(); DataTable dTable = new DataTable(); try { dTable = p.Load(); } catch (Exception ee) { lblMessage.Text = ee.Message.ToString(); } finally { p = null; }
return dTable; }
/// <summary> /// Get sort expression for the gridview /// </summary> /// <param name="e"></param> /// <returns></returns> private string GetSortExpression(GridViewSortEventArgs e) { string sortDirection = string.Empty; // if clicked on the same column twice then let it toggle the sort order, else reset to ascending if (ViewState["SortExpression"] != null) { if (!ViewState["SortExpression"].ToString().Equals(e.SortExpression.ToLower())) { ViewState["SortDirection"] = null; } }
if (ViewState["SortDirection"] != null) { if (ViewState["SortDirection"].ToString().Equals("ASC")) { sortDirection = "DESC"; ViewState["SortDirection"] = "DESC";
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} else { sortDirection = "ASC"; ViewState["SortDirection"] = "ASC"; } } else { ViewState["SortDirection"] = "ASC"; } ViewState["SortExpression"] = e.SortExpression.ToLower();
return e.SortExpression + " " + sortDirection; } #endregion Private Methods
Posted by: DON090111982 | Posted on: 01 Sep 2010 06:04:33 PM | Points: 10
protected void UpdateRecord(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e) { int personID = Int32.Parse(GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString()); int intResult = 0; GridViewRow row = GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex];
TextBox tFN = (TextBox) row.FindControl("txtFName"); TextBox tLN = (TextBox)row.FindControl("txtLName"); TextBox tAge = (TextBox)row.FindControl("txtAge");
// instantiate BAL PersonBAL3 pBAL = new PersonBAL3();
try { intResult = pBAL.Update(personID, tFN.Text, tLN.Text, int.Parse(tAge.Text)); if (intResult > 0) lblMessage.Text = "Record Updated Successfully."; else lblMessage.Text = "Record couldn't updated"; } catch (Exception ee) { lblMessage.Text = ee.Message.ToString(); } finally {
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pBAL = null; }
GridView1.EditIndex = -1; // Refresh the list BindGrid(); }
/// <summary> /// fires when Delete button is clicked /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> protected void DeleteRecord(object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e) { int personID = Int32.Parse(GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString());
// instantiate BAL PersonBAL3 pBAL = new PersonBAL3(); try { pBAL.Delete(personID);
lblMessage.Text = "Record Deleted Successfully."; } catch (Exception ee) { lblMessage.Text = ee.Message.ToString(); } finally { pBAL = null; }
GridView1.EditIndex = -1; // Refresh the list BindGrid(); }
/// <summary> /// Fires when page links are clicked /// </summary> /// <param name="sender"></param> /// <param name="e"></param> protected void ChangePage(object sender, GridViewPageEventArgs e) {
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GridView1.PageIndex = e.NewPageIndex; // Refresh the list BindGrid(); }
Posted by: DON090111982 | Posted on: 01 Sep 2010 06:09:42 PM | Points: 10
public partial class UserLogin : System.Web.UI.Page { string strLoginError = string.Empty;
#region Private Methods private bool IsValideUser(string userName) { UserBAL objUserBAL = new UserBAL(); DataTable dt=new DataTable(); try { dt = objUserBAL.IsValideUser(userName); if (dt.Rows.Count == 0) { strLoginError = "Invalid User Name"; dt.Dispose(); return false; } else { string strTempPassword = Convert.ToString(dt.Rows[0]["password"]).Trim(); if (strTempPassword != Login1.Password.Trim()) { strLoginError = "Invalid Password"; dt.Dispose(); return false; } return true; } } catch (Exception e) { lblMessage.Text = e.Message.ToString(); return false; } } #endregion
#region Protected Methods
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protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) {
} protected void Login1_Authenticate(object sender, AuthenticateEventArgs e) { if (IsValideUser(Login1.UserName.Trim())) { e.Authenticated = true; } else { e.Authenticated = false; } } protected void Login1_LoginError(object sender, EventArgs e) { Login1.FailureText = strLoginError;
} #endregion }
Posted by: DON090111982 | Posted on: 01 Sep 2010 06:18:36 PM | Points: 10
tblUserMaster,uniq key,tblAdminMaster,tblUserLoginMaster,tblUserLoginDetails spValidateUser,spCreateUser,spLoginUser
Posted by: Sushant_rajurkar | Posted on: 09 Sep 2010 01:35:05 AM | Points: 10
hi sir, i kindly request you to please explain in detail whatever you haven't explained in your tutorial. i actually want you to explain how toconnect to database and manipulate the data. i have confusion about your sentence below. what else is left about connecting database. " I am not goint into details of how I am connecting database and manipulating the data just to make this tutorials short."
Posted by: Sushant_rajurkar | Posted on: 10 Sep 2010 07:43:44 AM | Points: 10
hi sir,
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sorry for silly quetion but, if same methods written in data access layer and business logic layer then what is use of business logic layerplz clarify in detail.
Posted by: Rams73 | Posted on: 06 Nov 2010 08:40:40 AM | Points: 25
Hi sir, if i am writing the logic you are used in business layer within default.aspx.cs then, we can sayl that default.aspx.cs page as businesslayer.
Posted by: Fscopel | Posted on: 14 Dec 2010 03:14:05 PM | Points: 25
Sheo Narayan, Nice tutorial. you kept it simple and straight forward. I do have to disagree, with part of your code. In your code the BAL is simply there to call the DAL. It is irrelevant as is. In your UI if you(CTRl + H) substitute PersonBAL3 for PersonDAL3 it will work the same way. I think to make your code A++ you need to add somevalidation to the BAL to make it relevant. Besides that great job.
Thank you for your post.
Posted by: SheoNarayan | Posted on: 04 Sep 2011 03:03:23 AM | Points: 25
@Fscopel,
Thank you for appreciating it and response. I agree that as there is no validations in the BAL, we can directly call the DAL from the UI,however I have mentioned this in the "Business Access Layer" first paragraph that "As we don't have any business logic here so simplyinstantiate the PersonDAL3 class of DAL and call methods. " . As this being a article, I wanted to make the code snippet a real simple andeasy to understand so I just kept it direct ;).
However your point is valid, in read scenario if required we need to keep the business validations in the business access layer.
Thanks again for your feedback, keep participating and sharing your knowledge.
Regards Sheo Narayan
Posted by: Vineesh | Posted on: 04 Feb 2011 01:13:57 AM | Points: 25
Hi sir
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Thanks for this informative article..
could u please tell me how can I implement sql transaction in this code to ensure ACID
regards... vineesh
Posted by: Senthilk | Posted on: 05 Feb 2011 01:29:48 AM | Points: 25
Hi Narayan,
Thanks for the nice article. One question regarding the deployment of 3-tier application.
I feel the sample given by you cannot be deployed straightaway in 3 different servers. Is it right? If I want to develop such a 3-tierapplication, how should I do? Can you please explain that in detail in an article?
Regards, Senthil Kumar K
Posted by: Patelpriyanka21 | Posted on: 15 Feb 2011 03:38:49 AM | Points: 25
Hello Sir, i am new in .net and when i am implementing this article then getting bal error in default form.error is the type of namespace'persobBal3' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) and other error are for text box like thename 'textfirstbox' does not exist in current context. so pls guide me how to solve this.
Thankx
Posted by: Vanchi050585 | Posted on: 23 Mar 2011 08:52:06 AM | Points: 25
Dear Sir,
Nice this article is very usefull to me.
but one clarifications in that. if i insert the same thing again means, the error message was displayed in lblmessage box like below: Violation of PRIMARY KEY constraint 'PK_tblClassifieds'. Cannot insert duplicate key in object 'dbo.tblClassifieds'. The statementhas been terminated.
but i want to displayed like: Title Business oppurtunity already exists, try another name
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how to calculate the intResult column , how to design datatype in Table Design. please let me about the Table Design
thanks in Advance
Posted by: Titochhabra | Posted on: 11 Nov 2011 03:26:13 AM | Points: 25
This is awesome!! really helpful for me. Thanks for sharing with us. This link http://mindstick.com/Blog/264/LINQ%20Implementation%20on%203%20tier%20application also helped me to complete my task.
Thanks Everyone!!
Posted by: Nandu | Posted on: 10 Feb 2012 07:28:44 AM | Points: 25
Hi sir,
Thanks for the nice article, but when i am implementing this application am getting error like The name 'dTable' does not exist in thecurrent context... give me the solution.
Thanks,
Posted by: Jmckamal | Posted on: 27 Mar 2012 04:17:55 PM | Points: 25
Please explain me.. why we need business layer here? If we can able to achieve this without business layer then why is it required?.
Posted by: Jmckamal | Posted on: 27 Mar 2012 04:18:55 PM | Points: 25
The reason I am asking is.. I have done the same without of business layer. Then I myself asking everytime.. why I need this?
Posted by: Go2sumit | Posted on: 25 May 2012 03:08:51 PM | Points: 25
Please do help... i used your code available in BAL, DAL and defult.aspx for insertion only.But i am getting an error on label i.e. instancefailure. Kindly suggest what to do now ?? please.
Posted by: Eangland1234 | Posted on: 08 Jun 2012 03:05:00 AM | Points: 25
to Hm_sheikh
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if you have much data to pass you can user Model to pass data nomally we user model to pass
Posted by: Devashishjangid831989 | Posted on: 10 Jun 2012 11:59:16 PM | Points: 25
Nice Artical,thnx 4 it....
Posted by: Britsouls | Posted on: 19 Jun 2012 05:21:57 AM | Points: 25
Dear sir, This was the best answer i could expect. thank you for making it such simple to be understood by everybody.
Posted by: Anishabathija | Posted on: 10 Oct 2012 02:20:38 AM | Points: 25
hi sir, great article. I had a doubt. In my application in the gridview I have a dropdownlist displaying two options yes or no. I added this using the <Asp:tempalatefield> <asp:itemlist> <asp:dropdownlist> <asp:ListItem>yes</asp:ListItem> <asp:listitem>no</asp:listitem>///
and in my rowupdating event of the gridview I passed this as string option = Convert.ToString((GrdView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[5].Controls[0]).ToString());
this code built succesfully but everytime I run it and try to update the dropdownlist , it gets updated as Sytem.Web.Controls in the db. please help. any help will be appreciated. :)
Posted by: Dinoop.Uk | Posted on: 12 Oct 2012 01:00:35 AM | Points: 25
Hi sir
Nice article.
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I have a doubt here is it good practice to pass values between layers by parameters?Using a separate Class(Helper class) may be abetter option. Please comment on this
Thanks in advance
Dinoop
Posted by: Munder2013 | Posted on: 19 May 2013 07:32:49 AM | Points: 25
Vry useful article thanks for sharing
>> Write Response - Respond to this post and get points
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