3 phases3 phases_________ stage_________ stage = first 2 weeks = first 2 weeks

conception, ____________, formation of placentaconception, ____________, formation of placenta

___________ stage___________ stage = 2 weeks – 2 months = 2 weeks – 2 monthsformation of vital ________ and systemsformation of vital ________ and systems

_______ stage_______ stage = 2 months – birth = 2 months – birthbodily growth continues, _________ capability bodily growth continues, _________ capability begins, brain _____multiplybegins, brain _____multiplyage of ________age of ________

Figure 10.1 Overview of fetal development

Maternal __________Maternal __________Malnutrition linked to increased risk of birth Malnutrition linked to increased risk of birth complications, ___________ problems, and complications, ___________ problems, and ____________________________

Maternal ____ useMaternal ____ useTobacco, alcohol, ________, and recreational Tobacco, alcohol, ________, and recreational drugsdrugs_____ ________ syndrome_____ ________ syndrome

Maternal _______Maternal _______Rubella, ________ , mumps, genital herpes, Rubella, ________ , mumps, genital herpes, ______, severe influenza______, severe influenzaPrenatal _______ carePrenatal _______ carePrevention through __________Prevention through __________

Basic PrinciplesBasic Principles___________ trend___________ trend – head to foot – head to foot___________trend___________trend – center-outward – center-outward

__________ __________ – gradual unfolding of genetic – gradual unfolding of genetic blueprintblueprintDevelopmental ______ Developmental ______ – median age– median age

Cultural variationsCultural variations

______________________________________________ (1979)__________ (1979)The The ________________ ________________ and patterns of attachmentand patterns of attachment

SecureSecureAnxious-ambivalentAnxious-ambivalent____________________________

Stage theoriesStage theories, three components, three componentsprogress through stages in ______progress through stages in ______progress through stages related to _____progress through stages related to _____major __________ in developmentmajor __________ in development

____________ (1963)____________ (1963)_____ stages spanning the lifespan_____ stages spanning the lifespan___________ crises___________ crises determining balance determining balance between opposing polarities in personalitybetween opposing polarities in personality

Figure 10.5 Stage theories of development

Figure 10.6 Erikson’s stage theory

______________ (1920s-1980s)______________ (1920s-1980s)_____________/ Accommodation_____________/ Accommodation4 stages and major milestones4 stages and major milestones

______________________________Object permanenceObject permanence

_______________ _______________ Centration, EgocentrismCentration, Egocentrism

_______ __________________ ___________Decentration, Reversibility, ConservationDecentration, Reversibility, Conservation

_________ ____________________ ___________AbstractionAbstraction

Figure 10.7 Piaget’s stage theory

Figure 10.8 Piaget’s conservation task

CriticismsCriticismsPiaget _________________ children’s abilitiesPiaget _________________ children’s abilitiesProblems with ______ theoriesProblems with ______ theoriesUniversalityUniversality

Vygotsky’s _____________ theoryVygotsky’s _____________ theoryAre some _________ abilities innate?Are some _________ abilities innate?

_________ (1976)_________ (1976)Reasoning as opposed to behaviorReasoning as opposed to behavior

_______ ______________ _______Measured nature and progression of moral Measured nature and progression of moral reasoningreasoning

3 levels, each with 2 sublevels3 levels, each with 2 sublevels__________________________ConventionalConventional____________________________

Figure 10.10 Kohlberg’s stage theory

____________________________________

Secondary sex characteristicsSecondary sex characteristicsPrimary sex characteristicsPrimary sex characteristics

MenarcheMenarcheSperm productionSperm production

Maturation: _____ vs. _____Maturation: _____ vs. _____Sex differences in effects of early maturationSex differences in effects of early maturation

Figure 10.12 Physical development at puberty

Increasing _____________Increasing _____________Changes in _________ cortexChanges in _________ cortex

Erik _______ (1968)Erik _______ (1968)Key challenge - forming a sense of ______Key challenge - forming a sense of ______

James _________ (1988)James _________ (1988)Four identity statuses Four identity statuses

Identity ________Identity ________Identity foreclosureIdentity foreclosureIdentity __________Identity __________Identity achievementIdentity achievement

___________ development___________ development______ development______ developmentCareer developmentCareer development_________ changes_________ changesCognitive changesCognitive changes