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3-2 Energy flow
Producers
The sun is the main energy source of life on earth. Some types of organisms rely on the energy stored
in inorganic chemical compounds. Autotrophs can make their own food
Photosynthesis
Light energy powers reactions that convert CO2 and H2O into sugars + O2
On land: plants Oceans: algae,
cyanobacteria
CO2 + H2O + sunlight C6H12O6 + O2
Chemosynthesis
Some bacteria can use the energy in H2S to make food
Found in sulfur vents, hot springs
Tube worms in an underwater thermal vent
Consumers/ heterotrophs
Must eat to survive. Omnivores: eat
plants and animals Detritivores: feed
on dead matter Decomposers:
break down organic matter
Food chain
Energy flows in only one direction- from the sun to producers, to consumers, etc.
Terrestrial andmarine food chains
Food webs Several food chains
linked together Shows how energy
moves through a community
A change to one part of the web affects all the others
Salt marsh food web
Energy pyramids
Energy is lost as heat or used for growth.
Only 1/10th of the energy is available for the next trophic level
Biomass pyramid
Some questions
What happens to a community if the number or output of the producers is lowered, say in a drought?
What would happen if the decomposers died?
What happens if the top predators are killed by man?