FAULT DETECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF

NETWORK IN VEHICLES USING CAN

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

K.THRINADH KIRAN KUMAR 11806106105

R.LOKESH REDDY 11806106054

CH.VENKATESWARA RAO 11806106109

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

IN

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

VELTECH MULTITECH Dr. RANGARAJAN

Dr. SAKUNTHALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(AN ISO 9001:2000 CERTIFIED AND NBA ACCREDITED INSTITUTION)

#42&60, AVADI-ALAMATHI ROAD, CHENNAI-600 062

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025

APRIL 2010i

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI-600 025

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report titled “FAULT DETECTION AND

MAINTENANCE FOR NETWORK IN VEHICLES USING CAN ” is the

bonafide work of the following students.

K.THRINADH KIRAN KUMAR 11806106105

R.LOKESH REDDY 11806106054

CH.VENKATESWARA RAO 11806106109

who carried out the research under my supervision. Certified further that to

the best of my knowledge the work reported herein does not part of any other

project report or dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred

on an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate.

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SIGNATURE

Mrs. A.PRASINA M.E.,(Ph.D.)

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENTECE DEPARTMENT,VEL TECH MULTI TECH Dr.RR & Dr.SR ENGG.COLLEGEAVADI, CHENAI-600 062.

SIGNATURE

Mr.V.PRABHU, M.E.

INTERNAL GUIDELECTURERECE DEPARTMENT,VEL TECH MULTI TECH Dr.RR & Dr.SR ENGG. COLLEGEAVADI, CHENAI-600 052.

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CERTIFICATE OF EVALUATION

COLLEGE NAME : VEL TECH MULTITECH DR. RANGARAJAN

DR.SAKUNTHALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

BRANCH : Electronics and Communication Engineering

SEMESTER : VIII

PROJECT TITLE : “FAULT DETECTION AND MAINTENANCE FOR

NETWORK IN VEHICLES USING CAN”

NAME OF THE :

STUDENTS

NAME OF THE : Mr.M.SENTHIL KUMAR, B.E.

SUPERVISOR LECTURER/ECE DEPARTMENT

The report of the project work submitted by the above students in partial

fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering Degree in Electronics and

Communication of Anna University was evaluated and conformed to be the report

of the work done by the above students.

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K.THRINADH KIRAN KUMAR 11806106105

R.LOKESH REDDY 11806106054

CH.VENKATESWARA RAO 11806106109

EXTERNAL EXAMINER

INTERNAL EXAMINER INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINAREXTERNAL EXAMINAREXTERNAL EXAMINAREXTERNAL EXAMINAREXTERNAL EXAMINAREXTERNAL EXAMINAR

INTERNAL EXAMINER

v

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Any accomplishment requires the combined effort of many people and

our work is not different either. We wish to express our heartfelt gratitude to our

FOUNDER AND CHAIRMAN DR.RANGARAJAN B.E.(ELEC),

B.E(MECH), M.S.(AUTO.E) and VICE CHAIRMAN DR.SAKUNTHALA

RANGARAJAN M.B.B.S.,VELTECH MULTITECH DR.RANGARAJAN

DR.SAKUNTHALA ENGINEERING COLLEGE for their support through the

institution.

We thank our PRINCIPAL DR.K.SIDDAPA NAIDU B.E., M.Sc.

(ENGG), Ph.D., MISTE and Head of the Department Mrs.A.PRASINA M.E.,

[Ph.D.] for their encouragement.

Many thanks to our project co-ordinator Mr.M.SENTHIL KUMAR

B.E.,[M.E] for enabling us to venture deep in our project. I thank Mr.

V.PRABHU M.E., and external guide Mr. S.SATHISH KUMAR B.E., whose

inspiration has encouraged us to make this project a successful one.

A person needs instant support for finishing a task so it would be

injustice if we do not thank the college for giving the students an arm of support in

completing the project.

Last but not the least we thank the staffs of CHENNAI INFOS whose

patience and support was instrumental in accomplishing this task.vii

FAULT DETECTION AND MAINTENANCE FOR NETWORK

IN VEHICLES USING CAN

ABSTRACT

This project introduces a high degree of real time capability, high speed and

reliable transmission information across the network with a very high level of

security in a vehicle system.

Here we are considering monitoring and controlling the speed, fuel,

temperature and pressure of a vehicle using Controller Area Network (CAN)

Protocol which is a serial communications protocol. It is also cost effective and

replaces the wiring harness to build into vehicle body electronics. In CAN, every

Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is called as Node. In our project, three nodes are

used. Node 1 is used for monitoring the Vehicle Parameters like Engine Speed,

Temperature, Fuel Level and pressure of wheel tubes and displayed the parameters

in LCD as well as sending the message for executing the specific operation to

respective Nodes. The messages are send across the network through CAN Bus of

two wire.

CAN, a serial communication network, was originally designed and

developed by ROBERT BOSCH GmbH in the late 1980s for the automotive

industry for an in-vehicle networking(IVN). CAN is for embedded distributed

systems what LAN/WAN is for computing.

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CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

ABSTRACT viii

LIST OF FIGURES xii

LIST OF TABLES xiii

1. PROJECT OVERVIEW 1

1.1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.2 WHY CAN PROTOCOL IS USED? 2

1.3 BLOCK DIAGRAM 3

2. EMBEDDED SYSTEM 4

2.1 INTRODUCTION 4

2.2 EMBEDDED NETWORKING AND CAN 5

3. PERIPHERAL INTERFACE CONTROLLER 6

3.1 DEVICE OVERVIEW 6

3.1.1 INTRODUCTION 6

3.1.2 CORE FEATURES 6

3.1.3 OTHER SPECIAL FEATURES 8

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3.2 PIN DIAGRAM 11

3.3 INTERMAL BLOCK DIAGRAM 12

3.4 ECAN MODULE 13

3.4.1 ECAN TECHNOLOGY MODULE 13

3.4.2 MODULE FUNCTIONALITY 14

3.4.3 CAN BUFFERS AND PROTOCOL

ENGINE BLOCK DIAGRAM 16

4. CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK (CAN) 17

4.1 CAN OVERVIEW 17

4.1.1 INTRODUCTION 17

4.1.2 HISTORY OF CAN 18

4.1.3 FEATURES OF CAN 19

4.2 LAYER STRUCTURE 20

4.3 CAN MESSAGE FRAME 20

4.4 COLLISIONS AND ARBITRATION 32

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4.5 ERROR DETECTION AND HANDLING 34

4.6 HOW DOES CAN WORK? 39

5. HARDWARE MODULE 40

5.1 POWER SUPPLY 40

5.2 LM 35 TEMPERATURE SENSOR 41

5.3PRESSURE SENSOR 43

5.4 SCHEMATIC OF PIC 18F2585 44

5.5 SCHEMATIC OF FUEL LEVEL INDICATOR 44

6. CONCLUSON 45

APPENDIX 46

BIBLIOGRAPHY 78

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LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NO TITLE PAGE NO

1.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM 3

3.1 PIN DIAGRAM

28 PIN PIC18F2X8X 11

3.2 INTERNAL BLOCK OF

28 PIN PIC18F2X8X 12

3.3 CAN BUFFERS AND PROTOCOL

ENGINE BLOCK DIAGRAM 16

4.1 MODEL DIAGRAM OF WITHOUT

AND WITH CAN 18

4.2 DATA FRAME FORMAT 22

4.3 COMPARISONBETWEEN STANDARD

AND EXTENDED FRAME FORMAT 23

4.4 REMOTE FRAME FORMAT 28

4.5 ERROR FRAME FORMAT 28

4.6 OVERLOAD FRAME FORMAT 29

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4.7 INTERFRAME SPACE WITHOUT

ERROR PASSIVE 30

4.8 INTERFRAME SPACE WITH

ERROR PASSIVE 31

4.9 PRINCIPLE OF BITWISE ARBITRATION TO THE

CSMA/CA METHOD 33

4.10 CAN CONTROLLER ERROR STATES

AND “Bus Off” 38

5.1 POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 41

5.2 VISUAL DIAGRAM (LM 35) 41

5.3 BASIC TEMPERATURE CENTIGRADE SENSOR 42

5.4 VISUAL DIAGRAM (PRESSURE SENSOR) 43

5.5 SCHEMATIC OF PIC 18F2585 44

5.6 SCHEMATIC OF FUEL LEVEL INDICATOR 44

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO TITLE PAGE NO

1 LAYERED STRUCTURE 20

2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS 73

3 THERMAL DATA 74

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4 ELECTRICAL CHARACTARISTICS 74

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