2D Animation Techniques for 3D Animation Research - KCGS Conference. Spring, 2003 - In-Kwon Lee Game Animation Center Division of Media Ajou University

2D Animation Techniques2D Animation Techniquesfor 3D Animation Researchfor 3D Animation Research

- KCGS Conference. Spring, 2003 - - KCGS Conference. Spring, 2003 -

In-Kwon LeeIn-Kwon Lee

Game Animation CenterGame Animation CenterDivision of MediaDivision of MediaAjou UniversityAjou University

Copyright by In-Kwon Lee 2003 2

OutlineOutline

• Introduction• Traditional 2D Animation in Recent Computer

Graphics Researches• (Some) Traditional 2D Animation Techniques• Discussion


Why this course? (1)Why this course? (1)

• Group 1– Toy Story 1– Antz– Bugs Life– Toy Story 2– Monsters Inc. – Shrek

• Group 2– Final Fantasy


Why this course? (2)Why this course? (2)

• Traditional 2D Animation Techniques– More than 80 years (1920 ~ )– Not photorealistic but interesting!

• Analyzing and Applying 2D Animation Techniques into 3D Animation Research.


2D Animation in Recent Researches2D Animation in Recent Researches

• Introduction• Implicit Surface• View-Specific Distortion• Cartoon Capture• Cell Animation From Video• Simulating Physics• Facial Animation


John LasseterJohn Lasseter

• John Lasseter, “Principles of Traditional Animation Applied to 3D Computer Animation,” SIGGRAPH 87. – 11 principles in traditional 2D animation techniques


Implicit Surface (1)Implicit Surface (1)

• Agata Opalach, Steve Maddock, “Disney Effects Using Implicit Surfaces”, Eurographics Workshop on Animation and Simulation, 1994.



• Model



• Model with Script



• Motion



• Fleshes– In [max, min] from parent flex link primitives.– In [max, min] from other fleshes.– Dynamic change of flesh velocity



• Squash and Stretch





• Discussion– Varying-length skeleton– Is it really cartoon style?


View-Specific Distortion (1)View-Specific Distortion (1)

• Paul Rademacher, “View-Dependent Geometry”, SIGGRAPH 99.








View Specific Distortion (5)View Specific Distortion (5)


View Specific Distortion (6)View Specific Distortion (6)

• Discussion– First trial to exploit “distortion” of 2D animation into 3D

animation. – Concentrated on “Shape” but not “Motion”


Cartoon Capture (1)Cartoon Capture (1)

• Bregler et. al, “Turning to the Masters: Motion Capturing Cartoons,” SIGGRAPH 2002.



• Cartoon capture– Extracting motion from traditional animation

• Cartoon retargetting– Reuse the motion for other characters



• Challenges– No Marker for motion capture– Low frame rate– Limb location? – Retargetting: How?





• video


Cell Animation From Video (1)Cell Animation From Video (1)

• Aseem Agarwala, “Snake Toonz: A Semi-Automatic Approach to Creating Cel Animation from Video,” NPAR 2002.


Cell Animation From Video (2)Cell Animation From Video (2)

• Video 1• Video 2


Simulating PhysicsSimulating Physics

• Stephen Chenney, “Simulating Cartoon Style Animation”, NPAR 2002.

• Simple interpolation of deformation


Research in Ajou Univ.Research in Ajou Univ.

• Facial Animation– Dongsun Kim et. al (2003)– Component Classification– Automatic Detection of Anticipation Expression

– Video

Some 2D Animation TechniquesSome 2D Animation Techniques


Extremes and Inbetweens (1)Extremes and Inbetweens (1)

• extreme slow out fast move slow in extreme


Extremes and Inbetweens (2)Extremes and Inbetweens (2)


Top-Down (1)Top-Down (1)










Arc Arc


More on Squash and Stretch (1)More on Squash and Stretch (1)






Elongated InbetweensElongated Inbetweens


Walking (1)Walking (1)


Walking (2)Walking (2)

• Double Bounce


Walk (3)Walk (3)


Walk (4)Walk (4)


Walk (5)Walk (5)


Walk (6)Walk (6)


Walk (7)Walk (7)


More on InbetweeningMore on Inbetweening


Overlapping Action in the FaceOverlapping Action in the Face


Weight Weight


Anticipation (1)Anticipation (1)






Whip Action (1)Whip Action (1)






ConclusionConclusion

• Analyzing & Collecting & Simplifying Heuristic Rules• Physics

– Can be a tool – Exact?

• Exaggerations


More ReferencesMore References


Thank You.

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2D Animation Techniques for 3D Animation Research - KCGS Conference. Spring, 2003 - In-Kwon Lee Game Animation Center Division of Media Ajou University