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29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 51•Topic: 29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous System
•Essential Question(s):
1. On pg. 50 fill out the tree map with descriptions (function/examples) of each part of the nervous system
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous System
KEY CONCEPT The central nervous system interprets information, and the peripheral nervous system gathers and transmits information.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Brain Spinal Cord Somatic N.S.
Autonomic N.S.
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Sympathetic N.S. Parasympathetic
N.S.
Reflexes
Function
Function
Function
Function
Function Function
FunctionExample
FunctionExample
Function
Function
Midbrain Pons
Medulla
Oblongata Function
Function
Function
Examples
Examples
Examples
Examples
Examples Examples
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
KEY CONCEPT The central nervous system interprets information, and the peripheral nervous system gathers and transmits information.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The nervous system’s two parts work together.
• The Central Nervous System (CNS) includes the brain, and spinal cord.
• Function: Processes information
• The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) includes four systems of nerves
• Function: links the CNS to muscles and organs.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
• The brain has three parts.
1. cerebrum controls thought, movement, emotion
2. cerebellum located in back of skull, balances the actions of muscles so body can move smoothly
midbrainpons
medulla oblongata
3. brain stem controls basic life functions (breathing, heart beat)
Brainstem
The CNS:
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
• The brain stem has three parts.
– midbrain controls some reflexes
– pons regulates breathing – medulla oblongata connects
the brain and spinal cord and controls heart function, swallowing, coughing, vomiting
midbrain
medulla oblongata
pons
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
The somatic nervous system regulates voluntary movements
Ex: Walking
– sympathetic nervous system: action and stress (Fight or Flight)
– parasympathetic nervous system: calms the body, conserves energy
The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functionsEx: Digestion
The Peripheral Nervous System: Collection of nerves that links the CNS to muscles and other organs
(Sensory neurons/motor neurons)
*Maintain homeostasis
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
• The CNS and PNS pass signals between one another.
1. Sensory receptors in PNS generate an impulse
• PNS passes impulse to CNS
3. PNS stimulates a response
2.CNS interprets impulse
• CNS passes impulse to PNS.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
If you have a question, you will raise your hand to ask it. How do your CNS and PNS work together to allow you to raise your hand?
Your CNS passes a signal to a motor neuron in your PNS causing you to raise your hand.
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
11
Reflex arc- A simple pathway, including only a few neurons, that carry out the simplest responses…reflexes.
Reflexes – automatic, subconscious responses to external or internal stimuli
• Maintain homeostasis by controlling: heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, digestion, swallowing, sneezing, coughing, and vomiting
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
• The spinal cord controls reflexes.
– sensory neuron sends impulse to spinal cord– spinal cord directs impulse to motor neuron – does not involve the brain!!!!
interneuron
motor neurons
sensory neuron
Stimulus
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
13
2
3
4
Spinal Cord
5
6Label the parts of this reflex arc:
Key: Effector Motor Neuron Receptor Interneuron Sensory Neuron Stimulus
1
29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
14
2 Receptor
3 Sensory neuron
4 Interneuron
5 motor neuron
6 Effector
Spinal cord
1 Stimulus