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20 / 08 / 13 was Earth Overshoot Day: Humanity had exhausted nature’s budget for the year, exceeding the biosphere's supply, or the regenerative capacity
2012 Earth Overshoot Day was the 22 / 08 / 13
3Lafarge | Presentation name or chapter | Confidential Date |
+ recycled & recovered
materials
Importations
Domesticextraction
+ recycled & recovered
materials
StoredMaterials
(ex: Buildings)
WASTE
Exportations
Unuseddomesticmaterials
Recycled and recovered waste
EliminationLandfills
EliminationIncinerators
MineralsFossil Fuels
MetalsBiomass
Emissions
Inputdomestic
Raw material
Domestic consumedmaterials
Every country will have to review its management of the energy / raw material equilibrium.
THE OTHER GREAT CONCERN AFFECTING WASTE MANAGEMENT POLICY IS CLIMATE CHANGE
In a 4°C world, sea-level rise is projected to be more than 100
cm (orangeover oceans) and the likelihood that a summer month’s heat is
unprecedented is greaterthan 60 percent (orange/red
colors over land)
In a 2°C world, sea-level rise is projected to be less than 70 cm (yellowover oceans) and the likelihood that a summer month’s heat is unprecedented is lessthan 30 percent (blue/purple colors over land)
Source : World Bank “Turn down the heat”
HOW THE CEMENT SECTOR CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE CLIMATE CHANGE FIGHT (CO2 MANAEMENT)
March 10 5
PROCESS
Combustion
Raw Mix
CDM
GeothermalWHR
CEMENT
Addition ratio
New Clinkers BC$AF
CONCRETE
Global Formulation:
Additions
Admixtures
Granular optimization
Quality assurance
BUILDING
Life CycleLife Cycle
Combination
of Materials
Enhanced clinkers
Process mastery
Insulation
Technological improvement
Algaes
CCS
Wind Farm
ARM
AF
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
BECAUSE OF ITS HUGE POPULATION AND ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT, AFRICA HAS TO IMPLEMENT A SUSTAINABLE
WASTE MANAGEMENT MASTER PLAN
All the economical actors will produce more and more waste:
Municipalities: Municipal waste, Water treatment sewage sludge
Energy sector: Oil & Gas (exploration, pipelines, refineries, Marpol,…)
Industrial sector : Non toxic environment (agro industries, distribution,…)
Toxic : Chemical, Pharmaceutical, …)
Agro Forestry: CO2 impact ( deforestation, illegal burning,…)
The challenge for Waste Management will be to optimize environmental protection, social development and economical development. This issue will be part of the parameters that will make the differences between “winning” and “losing” countries in the international competition.
Energy Recovery (Waste to Energy) will part of the solutions to be developed, but Waste to Energy solutions (specific incineration, methanization,…) will be inappropriate or too expensive for emerging countries
-Change of ours consumption modes
-Promotion of efficient productions
- Correction of prices and reorientation of the fiscal load.
-Transform waste into resources
- Funding of the necessary waste treatment capacities
Prevention (no waste)
Re-use
Recycle
Energy & biomassrecovery
Elimination
Prevention (no waste)
Re-use
Recycle
Energy & biomassrecovery
Elimination
Lafarge wants to participate to that effort, putting at the disposal of the local administrations, the recovery potential of its kilns through Responsible Environmental and social projects.
The cost of “No Treatment” is not acceptable:
- Illegal burning of organic waste create serious emissions problems
- Illegal landfill create water contamination and methane emissions
- The cost of rehabilitation will be unsustainable for future generation
- The no integration of waste management cost in the value o goods and services create false value.
On the opposite, the progressive creation of a waste management sector allows:
- The integration of the informal sector
- The creation of entrepreneurial companies creating job and value (logistics, recycling, waste management,….)
- Raw material and Energy savings
- Support to the export sector ( no export without positive environmental footprint)
WASTE MANAGEMENT IS LINKED WITH SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT
WHICH PARAMETERS ARE NEEDED TO SUCCEED IN THE CREATION OF A SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT MASTERPLAN
A strong environmental ministry able to implement the environment legislation ( budget, trained personal, good coordination with other ministries: Energy, Industry, Finances,.. ) “NO POLICE, NO MARKET”
The implementation of waste traceability from “cradle to grave”, “NO RECORDS, NO POLICY”
The implementation of sustainable waste treatment facilities, “ NO TREATMENT, NO PRESSURE”
The progressive optimization of environmental, social and economical solution. To go too rapidly will create informal sector integration issues and possible negative stakeholders reactions, while economical mistakes can be made with too expensive investments or wrong choice of the needed technologies,…)
The progressive implementation of the “POLLUTER PAYS” principle. Economical actors have to start accepting that waste are not “a gold mine”, but a cost they will have to pay. Financial incentives are needed in the first step; but should not motivate us to forget the implementation of the principle.
Cement Plant
Municipalities
Quarries and Landfills
industry
Power plant
Pre-treatmentHousehold Garbage
Waste waterSewage
plant Sludge
Electricity
Electricity
Pre-treatment
Fly Ashes
Industrial & commercial waste
non recyclable
Construction
Demolition
Aggregate
Gypsum
BiogasWaste heat
Drying – HeatingElectricity
Wood Plastic
Blast Furnace
Slag
Pre-treatment
Pre-treatment
The cement sector is well positioned to develop industrial ecology synergies
12
WATERS
SLUDGES
SOLIDS
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL WATERS 0%
100%
0%
100%
MINERALCONTAMINANTS
BIOLOGIC
CEMENT RECOVERY
WASTE
ORGANICCONTAMINANTS
SLUDGES
SOLIDS
LANDFILL
STABILISATION
THE COMPLEMENTARITY BETWEEN LANDFILL AND CEMENT RECOVERY OPTIMIZES THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
AT THE LOWEST COST
Raw mix preparation
Alternative raw materials
Chemical flexibility of the raw mix
Up to 70 waste streams and 350 Kg/ton of clinker
Cement grinding
Additives
FGD Fly ashes Blast furnace slag Silica fumesSilica fumes
Burning
Alternative Fuels
Very high temperature Long residence time Gas cleaning inherent
to the process
2.000 °C
> 6 sec above
1.200 °C
Lim
e
THE CEMENT PROCESS OFFERS STRONG INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY OPPORTUNITIES
A very broad range of waste
Local municipalitySewage sludge, sludge from water purification
ChemicalsSolvents, plastics, catalysts
Petroleum refiningClay, oils, spent catalysts
Crushed sand and foundry sandFoundries, (Si, Al, Ca, Fe)
AutomotiveMolding sand, paints residue, used tires
Aluminum manufacture
Electric powerFly ash, dust, gypsum, sulfur
Construction and building materialsWaste board and
gypsum
Traditional fuelsCoal, gas, petroleum coke, fuel oil
Fuel to kiln
Spent pot liner
Pulp & PaperMill residue, incineration ash
BiomassAgricultural waste
Soil remediation residues