Text of 27 September 2012 World Health Organisation Internship Tara Purcell
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27 September 2012 World Health Organisation Internship Tara Purcell
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A little about myself... Doctor of Medicine (MD) Bachelor Exercise & Sport Science (BAppSc) Registered Exercise Scientist (ESSA) Certificate III & IV Fitness Basketball referee
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Non-infectious and non-transmissible between persons Cardiovascular diseases Cancer Chronic respiratory diseases Diabetes Noncommunicable Disease (NCD)
NCDs: Worlds biggest killers Causing ~35 million deaths each year 60% of deaths globally 80% middle income countries 9 million NCD deaths occur < 60 yrs Source Alwan et al. 2010
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Breaking it Down Cardiovascular disease represents 39% of NCD deaths Text Source AIHW 2010a
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Cardiovascular Disease All diseases of heart and blood vessels Leading cause of death & disability in the world 17% Australians have CVD Increases with age 19% 45-54 yrs 62% >75 yrs Source AIHW 2010a
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A Rising Epidemic Source WHO 2008 The burden of NCDs will by 17% in 10 yrs
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The Role of Physical Activity Decreased exercise the mortality for people with risk factors for CHD Exercise capacity should be given as much attention by clinicians as other major risk factors Source Kokkinos et al. 2008 Physical activity reduces all cause mortality
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The Role of Physical Activity Exercise significantly reduces CVD events and associated risk factors to a degree comparable to that of not smoking Source Mora et al. 2007
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The Role of Physical Activity Exercise interventions provide better outcomes in T2DM than Metformin Source Diabetes Prevention Program 2002
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The Role of Physical Activity There are protective effects of exercise across all ages Source Blair & Wei 2000
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Physical Activity Guidelines Be active in every way At least 30 mins of moderate intensity physical activity on most, preferably all, days Include regular vigorous activity, weight bearing and stretching
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Australians Inactivity PA is independent of sitting time Although some people are meeting the exercise requirements, sedentary time is still 70% of waking hours It is better to be a breaker than a prolonger Source Mora et al. 2007
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World Health Organisation (WHO) Directing body for health within United Nations Provide leadership on global matters Guide health research Develop policies and standards Heavily relies on voluntary contributions
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Internship Program Volunteer program for graduate medical / public health students Enhances educational experience through practical work assignments Exposes students to the role of WHO Develops WHO programmes with the assistance of students specialising in various fields
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Noncommunicable Disease Department Provide leadership and evidence for international action on prevention and control of NCDs Prevent & reduce disease, disability, morbidity Prevent key risk factors Improve nutrition
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My Position Implementation of the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health The Action Plan for the Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases Based at Geneva headquarters for 10 week program
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Collate evidence on effective interventions for physical activity Collation of costing information on interventions for physical activity Provision of data for modelling of physical activity interventions to identify cost effective for programs My Position
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Personal Goals Enhance my understanding of global health issues and the intricate complexities of these matters Encourage a heightened confidence within myself, to tackle public health issues now and into the future Bestow knowledge and skills upon community members As it is due to family, friends and teachers that I am privileged to have such opportunities today
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Benefiting Our Community Collaborate with Nossal Institute and Local Community Groups Address risk factors & social determinant of health for disease prevention and management Health Literacy Education to Empower Social support Community Exercise Programs Food Supply
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All parts of the body which are designed to be used, will stay healthy, will grow well and will remain young if they are used in the right way and if they are trained sufficiently, each of them in the manner in which they are used; but if you do not use them, they will become ill, they will shrink and will grow old before their natural time. Hippocrates (460 377 BC)
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References Alwan, A. et al. 2010. Monitoring and surveillance of chronic noncommunicable diseases: progress and capacity in high-burden countries. The Lancet, 376:18611868. AIHW 2010b. Cardiovascular disease mortality, trends at different ages. Cat. no. CVD 47. Canberra: AIHW. Blair, S.N. & Wei, M. 2000. Fitness, ageing and mortality. American Journal of Health Promotion. 15: 1-8 Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. 2002. Reduction in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes with Lifestyle Intervention or Metformin. The New England Journal of Medicine, 346: 393-403 Kokkinos, P. et al. 2008. Exercise capacity and mortality. Circulation. 117: 614-622 Mathers, C & Loncar, D. 2006. Projections of Global Mortality and Burden of Disease from 2002 to 2030. PLOS Medicine Mora, S., Cook, N., Buring, J., Ridker, P. & Lee, I. 2007. Physical Activity and Reduced Risk of Cardiovascular Events: Potential Mediating Mechanisms. Circulation, 116(19): 2110-2118 The global burden of disease: 2004 update. 2008. Geneva, World Health Organization
