2600T Sensor Technology

8/22/2019 2600T Sensor Technology

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BBInstrumentationspa

-1

Sensor Technology

Field 2600TPressure Transmitter Family


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ABBInstrumentationspa-2

Technology Period Basic

Principle

Mechanical

Electrical

Sensor

Pneumatic 1950-1980still living

Force balance 100% Mechanics Flapper Nozzle

Electronic 1st 1970-1980obsolete

Force balance 90% Mechanics10% Electonics

ElectromechanicalSystem

Electronic 2nd 1975-1995

obsolete

Open loop 50% Mechanics

50% Analog

Capacitive

ResistiveInductiveOthers

Electronic 3rd 1985-1999 Open loop 50% Mechanics40% Digital10% Analog

CapacitiveResistiveInductiveOthers

Electronic 4th 1995-to future Open loop 50% Mechanics45% Digital

5% Analog

CapacitiveResistiveInductiveOthers

Sensor technology history


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ABBInstrumentationspa-3

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

1970 1980 1990 2000

Sensor technology history - Accuracy

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

1970 1980 1990 2000

Communication Output Signal

3 - 15 psig

10 - 50 mA to 4-20 mA

4 - 20 mA

Accuracy

0,5 %


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BBInstrumentationspa-4

Some historical milestones

1955 - Foxboro pneumatic force-balance with inherent overpressure protection

1961 - Tieghi Deltapi DMTP pneumatic force-balance

1965 - Foxboro electronic force-balance (10 50 mA)

1967 - Kent-Tieghi pneumatic transmitter Deltapi N Series force-balance

1970 - Kent displacement pneumatic and electronic Flextran: failed

1971 - Deltapi E Kent electronic force-balance

1972 - Rosemount first Alphaline capacitive sensor open loop transmitter:

analog electronics

Sensor technology history steps


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1976 - Honeywell first piezoresistive sensor: analog electronics

1978 - Foxboro vibrating wire analog electronics: 1/2 fail

1982 - Honeywell first processor based smart transmitter piezoresistive

sensor

1984 - Kent-Tieghi first open loop Deltapi K analog transmitter inductive

sensor

1985 - Rosemount first smart HART transmitter processor electronics:

capacitive sensor



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1987 - Siemens K Series piezoresistive: sensor electronics

analog failed

1988 - Foxboro first smart digital, with quartz sensor: failed

1989 - Rosemount 3051C smart HART: impressive but difficult to take the 1151

processor electronics capacitive sensor

1990 - Kent-Tieghi KS first smart HART: processor based electronics:

inductive sensor

1992 - Rosemount 1151-S redesign processor electronics: capacitive sensor



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1993 - First H. & B. smart HART processor electronics: capacitive sensor

1994 - First Siemens smart HART processor electronics:

piezoresistive sensor

1998 - ABB Kent Taylor 600T EN version

1999 - H. & B. 2000T series (with Multivariable transmitter)

1999 - H. & B. is merged in ABB

2002 - ABB 2600T series



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Very sensitive to input primary variable (pressure): high gauge factor

Insensitive to other influencing variables (ambient temperature,

vibration, etc.)

Stable and repeatable

Capable to be supplied with minimum electronic power, due to power

limitation for application in industrial processes

Sensor requirements


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Variable inductance (Inductive)

Variable capacitance (Capacitive)

Variable resistance (Strain gauge)

Resonant structure (Resonant)

Piezoelectric effect

Modulation of light

Main basic principles


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Inductive: mechanical cell

Capacitive: mechanical/ceramic/silicon cell

Strain gauge: bonded strain gauges on mechanical devices

to which a force is applied or silicon cell withdiffused resistance

Resonant: silicon cell with vibrating beams

Sensor implemantation


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L =K

x + b+ a

L0~ 1.5 m HL = 0.3 m H

Inductive sensors

0

L0

L

xx0

L1 L2

ferrite diaphragm

P1 P2

LC resonantto

circuit


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ABB

Advantages

Low measuring circuit impedancerequires more energy

Integral overpressure protection

Simple mechanical design Output signal very high

Very high output/Input signal ratio

Easy signal conversion

In-house technology

Disadvantages

Inductive sensors: advantages/disadvantages


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ABBC0

C

xx0

C0~ 50100 pFC = 10 pF

C =K

x

Capacitive sensors

C1

diaphragm

P1 P2

C2

Measuringdiaphragm

Glass


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ABB

Advantages

Difficulties in metal/glass bonding

High measuring circuit impedancemeans susceptibility to noise is

more.

Error due to the changes in the

dielectric constant of the filling

liquid

Simple mechanical design

Output signal relatively high Easy signal conversion

In-house technology

Disadvantages

Capacitive sensors: advantages/disadvantages


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ABB

R

R= K x

x

Strain Gauge sensors

+

Metal cores

Measuringdiaphragm

Substrate

Strain gages array(bonded or made

directly on thesubstrate)

Bonding


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ABB

Advantages

Overpressure protection notintegral in the sensor (difficulties to

obtain a reliable protection)

Large errors due to inherent

temperature effects.

Dependency on silicon suppliers

Relatively low cost

Known manufacturing technology Good intrinsic linearity

Disadvantages

Strain Gauge sensors: advantages/disadvantages


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ABBS

f

Resonant sensors

f0~ 40 KHzf = 3 KHz

f = (S)

Stress(S)

f0

0

+ URL- URL

Vibration directionStress

(S)

Excitation

Vibration direction

Resonator


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ABB

Advantages

Complex technology

Overpressure protection notintegral in the sensor

Very high response time due to

critical beam excitations.

Good repeatability

Signal amplitude independent. Good intrinsic linearity

Disadvantages

Resonant sensors: advantages/disadvantages


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ABB

Mechanicaldesign

Linea

rity

Amplitude

Repeatibiliy

Long

terms

tability

Temp

eratureeffects

Susceptibility

Powe

r

Conversion

Overr

angeprotection

Respnsetime

Prope

rty

Comp

lexity

Inductive

Capacitive

Resistive

Resonating

Principles

Sensor characteristics Technology

2600T series


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ABB

Take the advantage

Mechanicaldesign

Linea

rity

Amplitude

Repeatibiliy

Long

terms

tability

Temp

eratureeffects

Susceptibility

Powe

r

Conversion

Overr

angeprotection

Responsetime

Prope

rty

Comp

lexity

Inductive

Capacitive

Resistive

Resonating

Principles



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ABB

2600T series models

Mechanicaldesign

Linearity

Ampli

tude

Repea

tibiliy

Long

terms

tability

Temperatureeffects

Susce

ptibility

Power

Conversion

Overrangeprotection

Respo

nsetime

Prope

rty

Comp

lexity

Inductive

Capacitive

ResistiveResonating

265DSA.. Draft range

264BS.. High static pressure

Principles


264 High performance


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ABB

ABB 2600T Inductive, Capacitive, Strain gauge

MOORE XTC341D Micro-capacitive (on silicon)

YOKOGAWA Dpharp Resonating silicon

SMAR LD301 Capacitive

ROSEMOUNT 3051, 1151 Capacitive, Strain gauge

ENDRESS & H. Deltabar Capacitive

FOXBORO 863DP Resistive/Strain G.

HONEYWELL ST3000 Strain Gauge

SIEMENS SITRANS Strain gauge

FUJI FCX Micro-capacitive (on silicon)

Major manufacturers sensor technologies


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ABB

ABB

Documents

2600T Sensor Technology