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Name Date Class
150 Chemistry: Matter and Change • Chapter 25 Study Guide for Content Mastery
Section 25.5 Applications and Effects of Nuclear ReactionsIn your textbook, read about the methods used to detect and measure radiation.
For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. Worn by workers to monitor radiation exposure
2. Contains phosphors that detect radiation
3. Radiation energetic enough to break apart atoms
4. Uses a gas-filled metal tube to detect and measureradiation
5. A material that gives off light when struck byradiation
6. A method used to detect very small amounts of anelement in a sample
7. A radioisotope used to indicate the presence of anelement in a sample
8. Used to detect disorders of the thyroid gland
9. A procedure that uses positrons to detect manydifferent medical disorders
10. This type of radiation easily penetrates human tissue.
11. Damage caused by radiation that affects a person, butnot their offspring
12. Radiation damage that can affect chromosomes andoffspring
13. A unit used to measure the amount of radiationabsorbed by a body
14. A unit used to measure the amount of damage doneto a body
15. The annual amount of radiation to which a person isnormally exposed
STUDY GUIDE FOR CONTENT MASTERYCHAPTER 25
a. PET
b. Geiger counter
c. 100–300 mrem
d. ionizing radiation
e. rad
f. iodine-131
g. rem
h. genetic damage
i. neutron activation analysis
j. scintillation counter
k. radiotracer
l. gamma ray
m. somatic damage
n. phosphor
o. film badge
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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Stud
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Name Date Class
150 Chemistry: Matter and Change • Chapter 25 Study Guide for Content Mastery
Section 25.5 Applications and Effects of Nuclear ReactionsIn your textbook, read about the methods used to detect and measure radiation.
For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. Worn by workers to monitor radiation exposure
2. Contains phosphors that detect radiation
3. Radiation energetic enough to break apart atoms
4. Uses a gas-filled metal tube to detect and measureradiation
5. A material that gives off light when struck byradiation
6. A method used to detect very small amounts of anelement in a sample
7. A radioisotope used to indicate the presence of anelement in a sample
8. Used to detect disorders of the thyroid gland
9. A procedure that uses positrons to detect manydifferent medical disorders
10. This type of radiation easily penetrates human tissue.
11. Damage caused by radiation that affects a person, butnot their offspring
12. Radiation damage that can affect chromosomes andoffspring
13. A unit used to measure the amount of radiationabsorbed by a body
14. A unit used to measure the amount of damage doneto a body
15. The annual amount of radiation to which a person isnormally exposed
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STUDY GUIDE FOR CONTENT MASTERYCHAPTER 25
a. PET
b. Geiger counter
c. 100–300 mrem
d. ionizing radiation
e. rad
f. iodine-131
g. rem
h. genetic damage
i. neutron activation analysis
j. scintillation counter
k. radiotracer
l. gamma ray
m. somatic damage
n. phosphor
o. film badge
Name Date Class
Study Guide for Content Mastery Chemistry: Matter and Change • Chapter 25 149
Heat produced by nuclear fission is carried away by (7) , which
enters the core at point (8) in the diagram. It then leaves the core at
point (9) .
Heat from the reactor core is used to boil water in the (10) ,
shown at (11) in the diagram. Steam produced here is used to
generate electricity at point (12) in the diagram. The steam is then
cooled at location (13) by water from an outside source.
For each statement, write true or false.
14. A nuclear reactor produces energy from fuel rods containing uranium-238.
15. The amount of energy produced for each kilogram of uranium is about thesame as the amount of energy from a kilogram of coal.
16. The only elements that can be used as fuel in a nuclear power plant arethose in which a chain reaction can occur.
17. If more than a critical mass is present in a sample, that sample is said tohave supercritical mass.
18. Water is the most common coolant used in a nuclear reactor.
19. Nuclear power plants usually produce electricity.
20. The purpose of the control rods in a nuclear reactor is to reflect neutronsback into the core.
21. The production of energy in a nuclear reactor can be stopped by pullingout all control rods.
22. A breeder reactor produces more fuel than it uses.
23. The fission products produced in nuclear power plants are not radioactive.
24. An uncontrolled chain reaction led to the nuclear accident in Chernobyl,Ukraine.
true
false
true
false
false
true
true
true
true
false
false
H
G
E
steam generator
F
D
a coolant
Section 25.4 continued
STUDY GUIDE FOR CONTENT MASTERYCHAPTER 25
