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Chapter 2 Energy and Matter

2.3Temperature Conversions

Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc.Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

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Temperature

Temperature

is a measure o! ho" hot or cold anobject is compared to another object.

indicates that heat !lo"s !rom theobject "ith a higher temperature tothe object "ith a lo"er temperature.

is measured using a thermometer.


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Temperature Scales

TemperatureScales


are #ahrenheit,

Celsius, and$el%in.

ha%e re!erencepoints !or the

boiling and!ree&ing pointso! "ater.

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'. (hat is the temperature o! !ree&ing "ater)*+ 0 # 2+ 0 C -+ 0 $

B. (hat is the temperature o! boiling "ater)*+ *00 # 2+ -2 # -+ - - $

C. /o" many Celsius units are bet"een the boiling and

!ree&ing points o! "ater) *+ *00 2+ * 0 -+ 2 -

Learning Check

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'. (hat is the temperature o! !ree&ing "ater)2+ 0 C

B. (hat is the temperature o! boiling "ater)-+ - - $

C. /o" many Celsius units are bet"een the boiling and

!ree&ing points o! "ater) *+ *00

Solution

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1n the Fahrenheit scale , there are * 0 # bet"een the!ree&ing and boiling points and on the Celsius scale ,there are *00 C.

* 0 # 3 # *. #*00 C 5 C * C

In the !ormula !or the Fahrenheit temperature , adding-2 adjusts the &ero point o! "ater !rom 0 C to -2 #.

4 # 3 5 4 C 6 -2°

or

4 # *. 4 C 6 -2 °

Fahrenheit Formula

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4 C is obtained by rearranging the e7uation !or 4 #.

4 # *. 4 C 6 -2

8ubtract -2 !rom both sides.

4 # 9 -2 *. 4 C : 6-2 9 -2+

4 # 9 -2 *. 4 C

;i%ide by *. # 9 -2 *. 4 C

*. *. 4 # 9 -2 4 C

*.

Celsius Formula

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Solving A Temperature ro!lem

' person "ith hypothermia has abody temperature o! -

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4he normal temperature o! a chic>adee is *05. #.(hat is that temperature on the Celsius scale)

*+ -. C2+ 5 . C-+

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-+

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' pepperoni pi&&a is ba>ed at

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' pepperoni pi&&a is ba>ed at

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1n a cold "inter day, the temperature is ?*5 C.(hat is that temperature in #)

*+ *3 #2+ 53 #-+ 5 #

Learning Check

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-+ 5 #

4 # *. 4 C 6 -2°

4 # *. :?*5 C+ 6 -2 ? 2 6 -2 5 #

"ote# Be sure to use the change sign >ey on yourcalculator to enter the minus ? sign.*. @ *5 $% & ?2

Solution

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4he 'elvin temperature scalehas *00 units bet"een the !ree&ing and boiling pointso! "ater.

()) ' * ())+C or ( ' * (+C

is obtained by adding 2 - to the Celsius temperature.T ' * T C $ 2,3

contains the lo"est possible temperature, absolute&ero :0 $+.

) ' * &2,3+C

'elvin Temperature Scale

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Temperatures

4'BAE 2.5

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(hat is normal body temperature o! - C in $el%ins)

*+ 2-= $2+ -*0. $-+ -

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(hat is normal body temperature o! - C in >el%ins)

2+ -*0. $

4 $ 4 C 6 2 - - C 6 2 - -*0. $

Solution

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