Document23

PADS ES Suite Evalua on Guide

Included in this guide:

A complete guided tour of the en re PADS ES Suite including:

Introduc on to the PADS ES Suite Design Capture with DxDesigner DxDesigner LineSim Link DxDesigner HyperLynx Analog PC Board Placement and Rou ng

with PADS Layout High Speed Rou ng and Autorou ng

with PADS Router Comple ng the Design HyperLynx BoardSim HyperLynx Thermal Crea ng CAM Outputs PADS 3D Viewer PADS Layout PDF

This document is for information and instruction purposes. Mentor Graphics reserves the right to make changes in specifi -cations and other information contained in this publication without prior notice, and the reader should, in all cases, consult Mentor Graphics to determine whether any changes have been made.The terms and conditions governing the sale and licensing of Mentor Graphics products are set forth in written agree-ments between Mentor Graphics and its customers. No representation or other affi rmation of fact contained in this publi-cation shall be deemed to be a warranty or give rise to any liability of Mentor Graphics whatsoever.MENTOR GRAPHICS MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PUR-POSE.MENTOR GRAPHICS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOST PROFITS) ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS PUBLICATION OR THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN IT, EVEN IF MENTOR GRAPHICS CORPORATION HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND 03/97U.S. Government Restricted Rights. The SOFTWARE and documentation have been developed entirely at private ex-pense and are commercial computer software provided with restricted rights. Use, duplication or disclosure by the U.S. Government or a U.S. Government subcontractor is subject to the restrictions set forth in the license agreement provided with the software pursuant to DFARS 227.7202-3(a) or as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1) and (2) of the Commercial Computer Software – Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19, as applicable.

Contractor/manufacturer is:Mentor Graphics Corporation

8005 S.W. Boeckman Road, Wilsonville, Oregon 97070-7777.Telephone: 503.685.7000

Toll-Free Telephone: 800.592.2210Website: www.mentor.com

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TRADEMARKS: The trademarks, logos and service marks (“Marks”) used herein are the property of Mentor Graphics Corporation or other third parties. No one is permitted to use these Marks without the prior written consent of Mentor Graphics or the respective third-party owner. The use herein of a thirdparty Mark is not an attempt to indicate Mentor Graphics as a source of a product, but is intended to indicate a product from, or associated with, a particular third party. A current list of Mentor Graphics’ trademarks may be viewed at: www.mentor.com/trademarks.

Introduc on 1 Introduc on .................................................................................................................. 2 Design Process Overview .............................................................................................. 4 Flow Graphic ................................................................................................................. 5 ES Suite Highlights ........................................................................................................ 6

Design Capture with DxDesigner 9 About This Evalua on ................................................................................................. 10 Lesson 1: DxDesigner Workspace ............................................................................... 10 Lesson 2: Se ng up a New Project ............................................................................ 21 Lesson 3: Crea ng a Symbol with the Symbol Editor ................................................. 28 Lesson 4: Selec ng and Verifying Parts with DxDataBook .......................................... 37 Lesson 5: Crea ng a New Schema c/Placing Parts .................................................... 47 Lesson 6: Wiring the Schema c .................................................................................. 56 Lesson 7: Rules and Constraints ................................................................................. 67 Lesson 8: Variant Manager ......................................................................................... 74 Lesson 9: Genera ng the BOM (Bill of Material) ........................................................ 85 Lesson 10: DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx LineSim ...................................... 89 Lesson 11: DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx Analog ....................................... 93 Lesson 12: DxDesigner and PADS Layout Integra on ................................................. 99

Contents

Contents i

PC Board Placement and Rou ng with PADS Layout .................................. 109 Lesson 13: PADS Layout Environment ...................................................................... 110 Lesson 14: Se ng Up a New Design......................................................................... 116 Lesson 15: Crea ng Component Informa on ........................................................... 118 Lesson 16: Placement ............................................................................................... 122 Lesson 17: Rules and Constraints ............................................................................. 128 Lesson 18: Interac ve Rou ng ................................................................................. 133 Lesson 19: Crea ng Plane Layers .............................................................................. 139 Lesson 20: RF Op ons .............................................................................................. 147 Lesson 21: Verifi ca on (in Layout) ............................................................................ 150

High Speed Rou ng and Autorou ng with PADS Router 153 Lesson 22: PADS Router Environment ...................................................................... 154 Lesson 23: Component Placement ........................................................................... 171 Lesson 24: Rules and Constraints ............................................................................. 175 Lesson 25: Interac ve Rou ng ................................................................................. 182 Lesson 26: High Speed Interac ve Rou ng .............................................................. 187 Lesson 27: Se ng up a Design for Autorou ng ....................................................... 194 Lesson 28: Verifi ca on .............................................................................................. 196

Contentsii

Simula on with HyperLynx BoardSim & HyperLynx Thermal 201 Lesson 29: Simula on with HyperLynx BoardSim ..................................................... 202 Lesson 30: Thermal Analysis with HyperLynx Thermal ............................................. 206

Comple ng the Design 211 Lesson 31: Genera ng Manufacturing Outputs (CAM) ............................................ 212 Lesson 32: 3D Layout View ....................................................................................... 219 Lesson 33: Crea ng PDFs .......................................................................................... 220

Contents iii

List of Figures Figure 1: Design Process Steps ..................................................................................... 4 Figure 2: PADS ES Suite Flow Diagram .......................................................................... 5 Figure 3: PADS Suites Confi gura ons ............................................................................ 6 Figure 4: DxDesigner Main Window ........................................................................... 11 Figure 5: DxDesigner Toolbars ...............................................................................12-13 Figure 6: PADS Layout Main Window ....................................................................... 111 Figure 7: PADS Layout Toolbars .........................................................................112-113 Figure 8: PADS Router Main Window ....................................................................... 155 Figure 9: PADS Router Toolbars .........................................................................156-157 List of Reference Tables Table 1: PADS Router Table of Common Keyboard Commands ................................ 166

Contentsiv

Introduc on to the PADS ES Suite

In this sec on:

Introduc on Design Process Overview The PADS Design Flow ES Suite Feature Highlights

Welcome to the PADS ES Suite Evalua on Guide. Our goal is to introduce you to the broad spectrum of highly-inte-

grated PADS design tools and assist you in understanding how to apply them to your most complex design situa ons.The PADS ES Suite is specifi cally confi gured to address the mul- tude of design challenges faced by engineers trying to meet

the ever-increasing demands of the rapidly-expanding global demand for electronic products. As component speeds increase and product designs con nue to evolve into more complex and higher-density packages, the design tools used by these engineers must keep pace with these developments. The PADS ES Suite has been specifi cally matched to these demanding requirements and off ers an outstanding breadth and depth of features to meet these design challenges.We invite you to use this guide to fully explore both the power and ease of use of the PADS ES Suite.

1

Introduc on

Uncommon is the design project that requires you to work in only one applica on from start to fi nish. To get the job done in today’s market, design engineers move back and forth between numerous design, simula on and layout applica ons. Even the simplest design, which you might capture in DxDesigner, o en includes library content accessed through DxDataBook, as well as simula ons from HyperLynx Analog and HyperLynx LineSim. As the design develops, mul ple versions of the design are o en created for produc on, each of which can be tracked with Vari-ant Manager. Then, the design needs to be reviewed, verifi ed, and passed to PADS Layout for physical placement and rou ng. Using the interac ve placement and rou ng tools in PADS Lay-out, the data develops into the physical representa on of the design. Addi onal power and fl exibility found in PADS Router allows high-speed design rules and constraints to be enforced. Once cri cal signals have been routed, the power of PADS Auto-router can be used to quickly complete the rou ng tasks.

Introduc onSeamless integra on between the applica ons allows the design to be returned to PADS Layout for verifi ca on checks and manufacturing output genera on. Addi onal simula ons can be performed in HyperLynx BoardSim and HyperLynx Thermal to verify proper signal integrity and thermal performance of the completed design. Lastly, intelligent PDF fi les can be generated and the design can also be passed to the PADS 3D Viewer for realis c visualiza on of the fi nished board.The PADS ES Suite fi ts perfectly into this world by providing a complete design solu on from design concept through manu-facture and test. This Evalua on Guide guide shows you how the PADS ES Suite can be used eff ec vely to accomplish the full spectrum of design tasks.

2


Introduc on

A Complete Solu onThe PADS ES Suite is a complete design solu on that lets today’s crea ve engineers design and produce quality board designs—faster, more easily, and more aff ordably than ever. The PADS ES Suite combines the full versions of DxDesigner, DxDataBook, Variant Manager, PADS Layout, PADS Router, HyperLynx Analog, HyperLynx LineSim and BoardSim, HyperLynx Thermal, PADS PDF and the PADS 3D Viewer to deliver a feature rich, truly integrated solu on. In addi on, the PADS ES Suite features a ghtly-integrated workfl ow, world-class support, and a compre-

hensive collec on of training resources to help you work more effi ciently. In short, the PADS ES Suite off ers me-saving integra- on, simplifi ed workfl ows, and an unprecedented value.

Purpose of This GuideThis Evalua on Guide will introduce you to the major features and capabili es of the applica ons and help you to understand how they work together to unify and simplify your design process. We walk through the en re workfl ow from symbol crea on to design capture, to layout, placement of components, rou ng, rules and constraints entry, interac ve rou ng, auto-rou ng, design verifi ca on to fi nal output. The focus through-out is on using the en re PADS ES Suite, with special a en on paid not only to those areas where the applica ons func on similarly, but also to the transi on spots, providing ps on how to get the job done more effi ciently.

Working TogetherThis a en on to workfl ow means that we will also show you how to use the applica ons together with real-world design examples. Along the way, we also introduce you to many of the great new features in each applica on, highligh ng some of the more interes ng techniques with steps and lots of illustra ons. To see which applica ons and features a sec on covers, scan the “In this sec on” list at the beginning of each sec on.

Further Explora onFinally, remember that this document is an evalua on guide, not a comprehensive user guide. Your most complete source of detailed feature informa on is the Help in each applica on. In addi on, take me to examine the resource informa on accessible through the InfoHub link within each applica on. There you’ll fi nd informa on on a variety of PADS resources that will help you get started, get informed, and get inspired while using the PADS ES Suite.We hope this evalua on guide helps you see some of the exci ng possibili es available to you with the PADS ES Suite. Enjoy!

3

Introduc on

Design Process OverviewTaking a new design from concept to comple on requires a designer to pay a en on to many details. We all know that de-signing a printed circuit board is a con nuous process of making design decisions and tradeoff s. Throughout the design process, you must weigh a number of confl ic ng factors and make calcu-lated design choices in order to obtain the best possible design outputs.Knowing that your design tools have the ability to provide and manage the required content gives you a strong founda on on which to build your design. The PADS ES Suite off ers a fully featured front-to-back design fl ow that allows you to balance rules and constraints in an intelligent and predictable manner to produce quality designs that can be easily produced.

Crea ng a Design Project

Performing Design Capture

Performing Layout Design

Crea ng Documenta on and Manufacturing Outputs

Steps In the Design ProcessThough there are hundreds of opera ons you must perform to produce a fi nal design, we can dis ll the process down to a few basic steps:1. Crea ng a Design Project2. Performing Design Capture

Crea ng the Top Level Schema c Adding Components to the Schema c Connec ng the Components Verifying the Design Defi ning Constraints Performing Design Analysis (pre-layout) Packaging and Forward Annota ng the Logical Design for

Physical Design3. Performing Layout Design

Impor ng Schema c Design Data to Layout Confi guring for Physical Design Placing Parts Adding Physical Constraints Crea ng Fanouts Rou ng Cri cal Nets Auto Rou ng Nets Genera ng Plane Structures Checking Design Rules (DRC) Post Layout Verifi ca on

4. Crea ng Documenta on and Manufacturing Outputs Crea ng Schema c Release Documenta on Crea ng Manufacturing Outputs Performing Engineering Change Orders (ECO)

Par oning your workfl ow to align with these steps will help you establish a structured approach to organizing your design tasks. It will also provide you with a number of checkpoints for reviewing your design data.

The Design Process

4


The PADS Design Flow

Introduc on 5

SymbolEditor

DecalEditor

DxDataBook BOMBOM

BOMBOM

Variant Manager

PADSLayout

PADSRouter

DxDesigner Link

LineSimLink

DxDesigner

PADS ES Suite

Design Flow

PADS ES Suite

Design Flow

HyperLynxAnalog

HyperLynxLineSim BoardSim

SchematicSchematic

Schematic

HyperLynxThermal

3D Viewer

Layout PDF

Introduc on

PADS ES Suite HighlightsMentor Graphics, the world’s number one provider of PCB design solu ons, has combined the expansive capabili es of the PADS® product line into a series of aff ordable PADS Suites. These suites have just the right mix of technology necessary for complex PCB design, yet they can be supplemented with a variety of add-on capabili es should your needs change.PADS Suites are a complete family of integrated solu ons that improve personal produc vity and speed me to market. Avail-able in three confi gura ons of increasing func onality, the PADS Suites provide low-risk entry points to the PADS fl ow.

A PADS Suite for EveryoneEach PADS suite is designed to meet the specialized needs and job requirements of individual engineers and PCB designers:

PADS Design Sta on (the PADS DS Suite) is ideal for the Electrical Design Engineer looking for rapid product defi ni- on.

PADS Layout Sta on Suite (the PADS LS Suite) is designed for the Layout Designer who wants to quickly defi ne and complete PCB designs.

PADS Engineering Sta on (the PADS ES Suite) is created for Engineers who want complete product defi ni on within a single solu on and Layout Designers who need high-speed rou ng capabili es.

This PADS ES Suite Evalua on Guide will let you explore the en- re depth and breadth of the PADS design fl ow and experience

the incredible power and integra on available to accelerate your product development cycle.

Design Without CompromiseWith PADS, your tools won’t limit your ability to design. Unlike other systems that adver se “price conscious” tools, the PADS fl ow is infused with vibrant, dynamic technology for a complete and comprehensive solu on. Because PADS is based on industry standards such as Windows automa on, Visual Basic scrip ng, and an ASCII database, you can work the way you want and customize the capabili es you need – such as crea ng special func on keys or outputs forma ed to your standards.

Design Defi ni onThe PADS fl ow delivers the most robust system design capture and defi ni on func onality available, including intui ve project and design naviga on, unlimited hierarchical support, design reuse, advanced design a ribute and rules management, full forward/back annota on including design rules, cross-probing with layout and rou ng, and a direct schema c-to-signal-integri-ty analysis link. Component management is also available.

6


Introduc on

Analog AnalysisHyperLynx® Analog with EZwaveTM is a board-level simula on analysis and verifi ca on environment that is integrated into Mentor Graphics’ DxDesignerTM board design environment. Using a single schema c to drive both the simula on and PCB applica ons, it eff ec vely eliminates costly and error-prone schema c re-entry, therefore signifi cantly shortening the overall development cycle.

Signal Integrity AnalysisSignal integrity (SI) analysis is an essen al part of modern electronic design. Increasingly fast edge rates in today’s inte-grated circuits (ICs) cause detrimental high-speed eff ects, even in PCB designs running at low opera ng frequencies. As driver ICs switch faster, a growing number of boards suff er from issues such as crosstalk, over/undershoot, ringing, glitching, and m-ing problems. PADS design solu ons off er powerful and easy-to-use signal integrity capabili es on the engineer’s desktop. With pre-layout analysis capabili es for defi ning rou ng constraints, to verifi ca on of the routed board to ensure your design goals are met, PADS design solu ons off er a complete environment for all your signal integrity analysis needs.

Thermal AnalysisHyperLynx Thermal allows engineers and PCB designers to ana-lyze board-level thermal problems on placed, par ally routed, or fully routed PCB designs from all popular PCB layout environ-ments. Temperature profi les, gradients, and excess tempera-ture maps enable designers to resolve board and component overhea ng early in the design process.

PCB LayoutAs the standard in desktop PCB layout tools, PADS off ers unpar-alleled price-performance for the layout and design of complex circuit boards, including high-speed applica ons and RF circuits. PADS off ers advanced design rules with real- me design rule checking, bi-direc onal crossprobing, RF design func onality, split-plane genera on, auto-dimensioning, direct DXF import into both the board and part library editors, physical design reuse, advanced fabrica on verifi ca on tools, and 3D viewing. Also available are assembly variant func ons, test coverage audi ng, chip-on-board / advanced packaging, and an IDF link to third party CAD/CAM tools.

Interac ve & Automa c Rou ngMany designers of high-speed and/or dense designs require exac ng manual control of cri cal signal traces, but could also benefi t from the speed and built-in intelligence of an auto-router. The router provides both advanced interac ve and sophis cated autorou ng for all applica ons. Whether interac- vely rou ng with orthogonal, diagonal, or any-angle styles, or

diff eren al pair rou ng with unique rule assignment or trace length requirements, the router provides exac ng control.Intui ve graphical monitoring tools provide real- me feedback for correct-by-construc on methodology. Proven rou ng algo-rithms enable robust design rules and advanced design con-straints to be applied between objects or groups of objects such as components, layers, nets, and vias.The advanced autorouter simplifi es rou ng opera ons most suited for an autorouter, including fanout and rou ng, by indi-vidual components or groups of components.

7

Introduc on8

Design Capture with DxDesigner

In this sec on:

Installa on and Setup DxDesigner Environment and Workspace Se ng up a New Project Symbol Crea on Crea ng a New Schema c Placing Parts Wiring the Schema c Rules and Constraints Variant Manager DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx LineSim DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx Analog Genera ng the BOM (Bill of Materials) DxDesigner and PADS Layout Integra on

9

DxDesigner Environment and Workspace

About This Evalua onThis Evalua on Guide and the accompanying lesson fi les will allow someone with limited experience with DxDesigner the op-portunity to review several of its new features and capabili es. Keep in mind this presenta on is a snapshot of the full abili es DxDesigner provides.The Evalua on fi les should be unzipped and installed in to the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on directory. This is necessary since the so ware has specifi c parameters that are set up within the les-son fi les enclosed.The content of the evalua on material should include this PDF fi le of the Evalua on Guide (located in the C:\PADS_ES_Evalu-a on\Document directory), Schema c Lesson fi les (located in the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on directory), Datasheets (located in the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Datasheet directory), and PADS PCB Board fi les (C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\PADS_PCB_Files).This Evalua on Guide is intended to be used with the PADS PCB so ware. This par cular evalua on has Lessons dedicated to interfacing with PADS Layout PCB so ware. Customers wishing to run through DxDesigner in an Expedi on fl ow should request a diff erent DxDesigner evalua on from their local Mentor Sales and Technical representa ves.

Lesson 1: DxDesigner WorkspaceDxDesigner follows Windows naviga on standards. It supports pulldown menus, hot keys, tool bars, toolboxes and tool ps. The so ware is object aware so the Right Mouse Bu on (RMB) menu selec ons will change automa cally based on the object selected when the RMB is used. It is these standard Windows features which make DxDesigner an easy and produc ve environment for schema c genera on.

10


Introduc on to the User Interface (Main Window)

Menus Toolbars Workspace Proper es

PADS DecalPreview

SymbolViewer

NavigatorPane

Status BarDxDataBook

Search Window

DxDesigner Environment and Workspace 11

Toolbars

The Main Toolbar

The View Toolbar

New Cut

Print Copy File Viewer

Undo

Paste

Verify

Find Redo PackageExpedi on

PCBPCB

Extrac on

CES PCB Interface

Library Manager

ExportForeign

Database

ImportForeign

DatabaseIO

Designer

PushSchema c Pop

RouteModeDxDataBook

Proper es Selec onFilter

Zoom Out

FitSelected

Restore Zoom

Zoom In

Zoom Area

Save Zoom

Navigator ICTViewer

Output

Fit All

PushICT

ResizeBox

AddProper es

Mode

DxDesigner Environment and Workspace12


Toolbars (Con nued)

The Add Toolbar

The TransformToolbar

Net SpecialComponentsSelect Circle Text

Arc

Bus ArrayBlock Line CutNets

Box

Mirror StretchRotate

90Align

Bo omSnap to

GridAlignRight

AlignTop

GridOn/Off

AlignLe

Flip ScaleDisconnect

AddMissing

Ports

PADS DecalPreview

Delete



Navigator Tree PaneThe Navigator Tree pane, as with all of DxDesigner panes, is dockable and can be moved anywhere you wish on the screen. The so ware will also remember heights and widths of any pane modifi ed during a working session. This is par cularly

The Navigator Tree Pane

❶❶ Select File > Open > Project and browse to C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson1\Lesson1.prj.

❷❷ If a previous lesson was open then select the Yes but-ton acknowledging the so ware closing the previous documents.

❸❸ Open the Navigator Tree by selec ng the bu on if it is not already open.

❹❹ Double click the LMB over the name Corporate and no ce the main window displays the sheet Corporate.1 (The sheet name is shown on the tab at the bo om of the design window).

❺ ❺ Next select the [+] located to the le of the Corporate schema c name. Note: The tree should be expanded to look similar to this example.

benefi cial in a dual monitor confi gura on.The advantage of this window is the ability to view all of the de-sign fi les and to jump to various pages or nets quickly and easily.

❷❷

❸❸

❹❹

❹

❺❺



The Navigator Tree Pane (con nued)

❻❻ Double click over Sheet 4 and watch the main screen update to show page 4. Note: No ce the schema c sheet tabs located at the bo om display both Corporate.1 and Corporate.4.

❼❼ Select the [+] item to expand one of the sheets in the Navigator tree.

❽❽ No ce there are 2 categories that appear in the dialog for each schema c sheet. (Symbols and Nets).

❾❾ Select the item again to expand the Symbols and Nets sec on of the dialog.

❿❿ Select any symbol listed and no ce the so ware auto-ma cally cross probes to that item.Note: You may need to zoom out to see item selected during crossprobing.

❻❻

❼❼❽❽

❾❾


Tool psDxDesigner supports Tool Tips for Components and Nets. The visible a ributes are confi gurable. Let’s take a closer look.

❶❶ Open the Project Se ngs by the pulldown menu Setup > Se ngs or select the CTRL-ALT-G hotkey.

❷❷ Click on Display and no ce the op ons for controlling various display op ons including Show Tool ps. Com-ponents and Nets should be checked.

❸❸ Select Apply and then OK.❹❹ Enable the Navigator Tree dialog if not already open.

To do so select the Navigator Tree bu on.❺ ❺ Using the cursor, double click the LMB over the sche-

ma c name Corporate to open sheet 1 of the sche-ma c.

❻❻ Place your cursor over any component to see the tool p.

Note: Make sure the All selec on fi lter is enabled.

❼❼ Place your cursor over any net to view the netname tool p.Note: This is a very convenient way to get informa on with-out having to zoom in and out to view and iden fy an object on the schema c.

❶❶

❷❷

❸❸

❹❹❺❺

❻❻

❼❼



Help System

❶❶ No ce that there is a Help menu at the top of the tool. From here you can access documenta on, support, SupportNet and ps. Take a moment to view the resources available from this menu.

❷❷ View all available shortcuts and system strokes by se-lec ng Help > Show Bindings and Help > Show Strokes.Note: Naviga onal controls can also be confi gured in Setup > Se ngs > Schema c Editor > Strokes, Pan and Zoom

Zooming

❶❶ Using the LMB click on any open area in the working area pane.

❷❷ Using the F7 (Zoom In) and F8 (Zoom Out) keyboard keys. Zoom in and out for prac ce.

❸❸ Hit Home (Zoom to the Full) to restore the view to the en re Schema c.

❹❹ Try hi ng F9 and begin framing the area you wish to zoom in on. This is accomplished by holding the LMB down and dragging a box around the area you wish to zoom in on.

❺ ❺ This same procedure can be done by hi ng the z key, then dragging a box around the area you wish to zoom in on.

Naviga on (Pan and Zoom)

The Find Func onCross probing using the design hierarchy in the Navigator is one way to work your way through a design. In addi on you can use the Find func on.

Using the Find Func on

❶❶ Select Edit > Find/Replace or click the Find bu on. ❷❷ Click the More bu on to open all op ons.❸❸ Take me to read through the op ons available.❹❹ Use the drop-down Within: to defi ne which part of

the design you would like to search. In this case select Design: Corporate (Corporate).

❺ ❺ In Find what: type C2 and click Find All.Note: The results of the search appear in the fi nd dialog.Note: When you search, the results will also show in the Output window. See item # 7 below.

❻❻ No ce that several pages are now open. Each page containing a reference to C2 has been opened.

❼❼ In the Output Window select the following hyperlink to quickly jump to the capacitor with reference designator C2.

❷❷

❸❸

❹❹

❺❺

❼❼❻❻



Using the Find Func on (con nued)

No ce the sec on of the schema c that C2 resides within.

❽❽ In the Find and Replace dialog search for 698k across the Corporate Schema c.

❾❾ No ce all parts mee ng this criterion are listed in the output window

❿❿ Close all of the schema c pages using the small x to close each sheet.

⓫⓫ This method can also be used to fi nd nets. ⓬⓬ Now enter the net name BSYNC- (make sure to include

the “-“character) in the Find and Replace dialog to search across the Corporate schema c.

⓭⓭ Select the Find All bu on to search the en re sche-ma c.

⓮⓮ There are four instances of BSYNC- across three sche-ma c sheets.Note: When selec ng the net, the appropriate schema c sheet is opened and that por on of the BSYNC- net is selected. This func onality allows you to check connec vity throughout your design very effi ciently.

⓯⓯ Select File> Close Project when you are fi nished to close the current project.

❿❿

❾❾

⓮⓮

❼❼




Lesson 2: Se ng Up a New Project

Project OverviewA project (.prj) contains pointers to all DxDesigner fi les associ-ated with the open project. The project database is stored in binary format in the /database directory. This is a change from the use of /sym, /sch and /wir directories previously. This database structure provides a framework for dynamic updates. When using DxDesigner you never have to stop and remember to save your work. Every-thing you do is always being stored. If you want to return to a previous state you can use Undo to remove your edits. Ev-erything you do between backups will be stored in the Undo queue. In addi on, you have the op on to create Backup points to roll-back your design. You may choose to File > Backup at any me to create a backup of the ac ve sheet. The Roll Back func on in DxDesigner allows you to bring the schema c sheet back to the last Backup version. Upon invoking DxDesigner, both the Backup and Roll Back func ons are grayed out. Once a schemat-ic is open, the Backup func on is enabled. You can then decide to perform a File > Backup, the Roll Back is s ll grayed out un l addi onal changes are performed on the schema c. Once changes have been made following a backup then the Rollback menu will be ac ve. You can use this menu to return the ac ve sheet to the backup state. The tool also creates incremental automa c backups for you.The \wir (wire) directory contains fi les used to generate the actual netlist going forward to the circuit board layout so ware. These fi les represent the electrical version of the schema c. When using DxDesigner in a netlist fl ow, these fi les will be generated from the binary database at the me you choose to forward annotate your work. They have an incremen ng exten-sion for each sheet of schema c data.

Directory Structure

Se ng Up a New Project 21

Crea ng a ProjectIf it is not already running, start DxDesigner.

Crea ng a Project

❶❶ Select the Windows Start > Program > Mentor Graph-ics SDD > Design Entry > DxDesigner

❷❷ Click File > New > Project❸❸ Another op on is to select the New bu on and then

select Project.❹❹ Enter the name of your project in the Name prompt of

the Project dialog.Note: For this exercise enter your (fi rst name) and (last name) for your project name (IE: JohnSmith).

❺❺ Confi rm the project Loca on is poin ng to C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Yourname (IE: JohnSmith).

❻❻ Select the appropriate Layout Tool from the list. In this case select PADS9.XX.

❼❼ Select the OK bu on to create the project.❽❽ No ce your project name now appears in the Project

Navigator Tree.

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Se ng Up a New Project22

Opening a ProjectThere are many ways to open a project. We will learn two ways here:


Using the .prj File Method

❶❶ Close down DxDesigner by selec ng File > Exit.❷❷ On the desktop double click on My Computer to

open Microso Explorer.❸❸ Select the C: Drive.❹❹ Go to C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson2 directory.❺❺ Double click on the Lesson2.prj.

Note: This will launched DxDesigner and open the Les-son1 project. If you get an error then try double clicking the icon rather than the fi le name. If you s ll get an error then open DxDesigner and move to the next step.

Using the File Menu

❶❶ From DxDesigner, open a project using the menu File > Open > Project.

❷❷ Browse to the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson2\ loca on.

❸❸ Either select Open or Double Click the Lesson2.prj fi le.

When you open the project for the fi rst me you may see this message “This project was created on an earlier version of DxDesigner (see sample message below). If this message does appear simply select the Yes bu on to update and con nue.

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Adding LibrariesA er you create a project, you need to add the libraries for your design. If you have libraries from previous versions of DxDesign-er you can easily add them for use in this newer version. You can also use libraries which were created for other schema c

tools if you are new to DxDesigner. Refer to www.suppportnet.mentor.com for schema c and library translators if you are com-ing from a diff erent schema c tool.

Using the .prj File Method

❶❶ To open the se ngs dialog pick Setup > Se ngs.❷❷ Using the cursor, select the Symbol Libraries selec on

located within the Project/Designs sec on of the se ngs hierarchy.

❸❸ In the Library dialog box, you can add a new library, remove an exis ng library or modify the order of the libraries. To add a library, click the New bu on and then browse to the correct Path. In this case just note the op- ons available but don’t add a library.

The available library types can be Megafi le, Read Only, or Writable.

• A Megafi le is a library that contains all symbols but in a condensed format.

• A Read Only library is a library that has not been condensed and lists each symbol uniquely within the library directory. The content of this type of library cannot be edited or changed.

• A Writable library is a library that lists each symbol uniquely in a directory with the ability to read and write to it.

❹❹ Click Cancel to leave the New Library window and return to the Se ngs dialog.

❺❺ When adding a part to the schema c, the libraries are searched in the order they are defi ned within the project. The library structure is maintained from within the Set- ngs Dialog. Use the arrows to control the order of the

library list.

Note: The only real advantage to a Megafi le library is that it contains a reduced set of fi les associated with the library so archiving is much easier with fewer data fi les being saved.

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Crea ng New LibrariesSome mes you may need to create an en rely new library. This is also done within the Se ngs dialog.


Crea ng New Libraries

❶❶ Open the Se ngs dialog using Setup > Se ngs and then return to the Symbol Libraries sec on.

❷❷ To add a library, click the New Library bu on.❸❸ In the Library window you will browse to create a new

library loca on. Modify the exis ng Path so it appears as shown below.

❹❹ No ce as you add \new_lib to the path, the so ware adds new_lib to the Alias.

❺❺ Try to change the Type and no ce that Readonly is the only op on right now.

❻❻ Click OK and you will see the following:❼❼ Click Yes to create this new directory.❽❽ A new directory was created at C:\PADS_ES_Evalua-

on\Libs\new_lib and new_lib is a library in our list. NOTE: Keep in mind that this new directory called \new_lib is s ll an empty directory. It will con nue to remain empty un l we decide to create new symbols that we wish to place in this loca on.

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Crea ng New Libraries (con nued)

❾❾ Now that we have a directory created we can modify the type to Writeable. Double click on new_lib to open the confi gura on and change the type to Writeable as shown.Note: At this me you have a red X through the W symbol because you s ll can’t write to it. Before this step you are missing the appropriate directory structure within new_lib.

❿❿ Click OK to close this window and then click Apply in the Se ngs dialog. At this me a new directory struc-ture is generated within the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\ Libs\new_lib directory.

⓫⓫ Using Windows Explorer, browse to C:\PADS_ES_Evalu-a on\Libs\new_lib to observe this new directory.

⓬⓬ Now that the appropriate directory structure exists within the library directory you can open the confi gura- on for new_lib again and see the red X is gone.

⓭⓭ At this me you s ll don’t have any symbols available in the library. Saving symbols in libraries is covered in Lesson 3.Note: You will not see the library in your Symbol View list un l a er you have saved a symbol in the library. Once you have done so you will also need to re-invoke DxDesigner (close the tool and then open it again).

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PADS Layout Decal Preview PaneThe PADS Layout Decal Preview pane allows you to graphically verify the correct PCB Package will be used in Layout. The preview window will update when a symbol is selected on a schema c. The pane requires PADS Layout to be installed on the system with the proper links to the PCB library located on the network or the local computer. This pane does not require a PADS Layout license.

Enabling the PADS Decal Preview Pane

❶❶ Select PADS Decal Preview bu on or hit the CTRL-ALT-J hotkey.Note: If you don’t see this bu on then you may need to enable the toolbar in View > Toolbars > Addins should be checked.

❷❷ Double click the LMB over the name Corporate to open the fi rst sheet of the schema c.

❸❸ Next select the [+] located to the le of the Corporate schema c name and double click Sheet 3 to display it in the workspace.

❹❹ Select one of the symbols on schema c Sheet 3. The PCB decal appears in the PADS Decal Previewer.Note: If you are not able see the decal preview then you will need to add the PADS library paths.

❺❺ Open PADS Layout and pick File > Library > Manage Lib List… Then click Add and browse to add the following two libraries:C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Libs\Corporate.pt09C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Libs\fpga.pt09

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The symbol editor allows you to generate new symbols very quickly. You can use a spreadsheet to copy and paste pin infor-ma on into the symbol or you can enter the data manually. The

Open the Symbol Editor and Set the Grid

❶❶ Select File > Open > Project then picking C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson3\Lesson3.prj.

❷❷ Open the Symbol Editor using File > New > Local Sym-bol

❸❸ Prior to adding pins ensure the appropriate grid is set. This is done by reviewing the grid se ngs located at the top of the Symbol Pane.

❹❹ Select the Down Arrow to view all the available grids. Select the .050 grid if not already selected.

editor will provide a basic symbol automa cally and allow you to modify the symbol in any way you desire.

Adding Pins to a Symbol

❶❶ To add pins select the Add-Pin & Edit bu on.❷❷ Place the pin on the upper le corner of the symbol

body as shown below. Then type the Pin Name CLK. Use the ESC key to exit pin placement mode a er placed.

❸❸ Now defi ne this pin to be pin 1. Select the pin and then click <new_property> in the Proper es window.

❹❹ Now click in the drop-down to select the property #.❺❺ Enter a value of 1 in the value fi eld.

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Symbol Crea on

Lesson 3: Crea ng a Symbol with the Symbol Editor

28


Add an Array of Pins

❶❶ Add an array of both input and output pins using Add Pin Array.

❷❷ Use the following se ngs:1. Range 7 to 02. Step = 1.3. Pin type = IN4. Pin loca on = Le 5. Pin spacing = 4

❸❸ Select the OK bu on to create the array of pins.❹❹ Place on le side approximately 2 grids down from

Pin 0 ❺ ❺ Add another array for output pins using the following

se ngs:1. Range 18 to 112. Step = 1.3. Pin type = OUT4. Pin loca on = Right5. Pin spacing = 4

❻❻ Place on right side of symbol equaling the same Y value as Pin 0 placement.

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Symbol Crea on 29

Adding Pin Numbers

❶❶ The next step is to select the IN pins (other than CLK) from the Pins window.Note: The pins highlight in all windows even the working area.

❷❷ To update the Pin Numbers select the Add Proper es bu on.

❸❸ Set the values as shown below. Make sure Type = Property, Name = #, Prefi x is Empty, Value = 2, Suffi x is Empty and Posi on and Visibility are set to Under Pinand Value.

❹❹ This will automa cally add and increment the Pin Numbers.

❺❺ Repeat this step for the OUT pins. Use a start Value = 18 and Delta = -1 to decrement the Pin Numbers down to 11.

Symbol Crea on

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Adjus ng the Symbol Outline

❶❶ To shrink the outline fi rst make sure the Select Graph-ics bu on is selected.

❷❷ Select the symbol shape and no ce pick points appear on the shape.

❸❸ Select the middle pick point using the LMB. Hold the LMB down and drag which will allow you to reposi on the bo om of the symbol so it’s closer to the lowest pins. Place it two grid points below the lowest pins.

❹❹ Now manually move the symbol outline in a similar fashion as the symbol shape.

❺❺ The bounding box can also be moved automa cally by selec ng the Symbol > Update Symbol Outline menu pick. Note: The symbol outline helps with avoidance rules when connec ng nets in the schema c.Note: The symbol outline maybe set to update automa -cally as you adjust the symbol shape. If it is and you wish to manually adjust it you may need to turn off the automa c adjustment mode fi rst. This can be done by selec ng the File > Preferences > General > Symbol and unchecking the “Auto-ma c Outline Update” checkbox.

Note: We need to shrink to symbol shape and the symbol outline to create a symbol that is complete.

Moving the Symbol Origin

❶❶ To complete the graphical modifi ca ons we should move the origin to the appropriate loca on.

❷❷ This can be done by selec ng the origin marker with the LMB. Then while holding the LMB down, drag to marker to the lowest le pin on the new symbol. Re-lease the LMB once you have it placed as desired.

Symbol Crea on

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31

Associa ng a Part Decal

❶❶ Now we will associate a physical part decal with our new symbol. Select Tools > PADS Decal Browser.Note: If this dialog does not appear for you then you will need to setup your PADS libraries. In PADS use File > Library > Manage Lib List > Add and browse to add C:\PADS_ES_Eval-ua on\Libs\Corporate.pt09 and C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Libs\fpga.pt09.

❷❷ The PADS Decal Browser reads all of your PADS libraries pointed to in your PADS list. You can search for the ap-propriate decal By Name or By Pin Count. In this case fi lter on Pin Count = 20 and click Apply Filter.

❸❸ Select a DIP20 and click the Assign bu on to move it to Assigned Decals.

❹❹ Click Apply to Symbol and then Close. No ce in the proper es window the symbol now has a new Property PKG_TYPE = DIP20.Note: If PKG_TYPE is not added automa cally, you can add it manually by selec ng PKG_TYPE from the drop down menu. You can then select the appropriate decal value (DIP20 in this case).

Symbol Crea on

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Saving the Symbol

❶❶ The last step is to save the symbol. To save this as a local symbol use File > Save As… name the symbol SymbolTest.1.Note: You may want to add a symbol to an exis ng symbol library. To do this you will use File > Export Symbol. Now you can see the fi le will be saved as a.1 and you can place it in your library’s /SYM directory.

❷❷ In the Proper es window you will no ce that the Symbol Name has been updated to match the name you used.

❸❸ The symbol is now complete and ready for use.

Verifying the Symbol Availability

❶❶ Select File > Close then File > Exit to exit the Symbol editor.

❷❷ Back in DxDesigner select the DxDataBook/Symbols bu on to open the DxDataBook pane.

❸❸ In the DxDataBook pane, select the Show CL View but-ton to open the symbol viewing dialog.

❹❹ Select the [+] symbol to expand the Local Symbol par - on.

❺❺ No ce the Symboltest.1 symbol has been save and is ready for use.

Symbol Crea on

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33

Crea ng a Symbol from a SpreadsheetEntering all of the pins manually can be tedious and error prone. If you have all of your pins entered into a spreadsheet then you can quickly and easily import them into the Symbol Editor for placement on a symbol.

Start a New Symbol and Load the Pin Data

❶❶ Start a new symbol in the Symbol Editor (Select File>New Local Symbol from the main pulldown menus.)

❷❷ If the Pins Window is not open then open it using View > Windows > Pins List.

❸❸ Place the cursor in the Pins List pane, select RMB and pick Import Pins.

❹❹ Browse to C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson3 and select SerialIO.csv to import all of the pins in this fi le.

❺ ❺ All unplaced pins are marked with an *. You can add pins to the symbol by selec ng them from this list.

Symbol Crea on

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34


Adding Pins to the Symbol

❶❶ Select pins from the pins list by le clicking and drag them into the Symbol window to place them on the symbol body. As you place each pin the * is removed.

❷❷ Place ~RST_N on the Symbol body. Using the LMB, select the ~RST_N pin name in the pins list.

❸❸ Select and hold the LMB so you can drag that pin into the Symbol view.No ce the pin a aches itself to the cursor so it can be placed in the Symbols working pane.

❹❹ Release the mouse bu on when the pin is in the de-sired loca on on the symbol body.

❺ ❺ No ce there is in invert bubble on the pin and a strike over the name. If you open the .csv fi le you will see why. This is because the pin was set as inverted which resulted in the bubble. The Pin Label began with ~ which results in the strike over.

Symbol Crea on

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35

Adding Mul ple Pins to the Symbol

❶❶ You can also add mul ple pins at once from the pins list. Click on the DIR column in the pins list to sort the pins by IN versus OUT.

❷❷ Now le click on the fi rst OUT pin. Hold the shi key and select using the LMB on the last OUT pin further down the list. Now you should have all the OUT pins selected.

❸❸ Using the LMB, selected and hold anywhere within the highlight pins (blue area) dragging the list of pins to a desired des na on on the right side of the symbol body.

❹❹ Experiment with adding other pins and modifying the symbol graphics. No ce that as you place pins the * is removed so that it’s easy to sort for unplaced pins.

❺ ❺ When you are done, exit Symbol Editor without saving.

Symbol Crea on

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Lesson 4: Selec ng and Verifying Parts with DxDataBookDxDataBook is a component informa on system that allows companies to benefi t from a centralized component database system. The DxDataBook u lity allows customers to manage their library data more effi ciently than ever before. It increases effi ciency by decreasing the number of symbols required to support the parts in their design environment. DxDataBook con-nects to any ODBC compliant database and makes the necessary content available to aid in the part selec on process.

When the part is added to the schema c, the property data is also added so the part is complete when it is released onto the schema c. DxDataBook also provides component verifi ca on checks to ensure the property data contained on the symbol in the schema c matches the content contained within the data source. This prevents incomplete or inaccurate data from being passed into the PCB design phase.

Selec ng and Verifying Parts in DxDataBook 37

Confi gure DxDataBookThe system allows for easy searching and selec ng of compo-nents. It can e into a company’s purchasing database so that engineering can make more intelligent part selec ons based on lead me, cost, stock availability, etc.

Confi guring DxDataBook

❶❶ Select File > Open > Project and select C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson4\Lesson4.prj.

❷❷ In the Navigator Pane, double click the LMB on 1 to enable Sheet 1.

❸❸ Select the Navigator bu on, DxDataBook bu on and the PADS Decal Preview bu on to open the window panes. The PADS Decal previewer pane can also be enable through the View>Other Window> PADS Decal Previewer pull down menu. You can also use Ctrl+Alt+J to open the PADS Decal previewer.

❹❹ If the Output pane is open select the Output pane but-ton to close it.

❺ ❺ Using the RMB, Place the cursor any where within the DxDataBook pane, select Confi gure > Open pop-up menu.

❻❻ Using the Browse bu on, navigate to the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Libs directory.

❼❼ Once there, select the Corporate.DBC fi le to ac vate the DxDataBook confi gura on se ngs.

NOTE: To use DxDataBook an ODBC data source must be created to point to the database. Then DxDataBook must be a ached to this data source. If Confi gura on: None is displayed in the lower sec on of the DxDataBook applica on window, this indicates that no database is a ached. See Appendix A at the end of this document for details on performing the setup if steps 1-4 in this exercise don’t work.

Selec ng and Verifying Parts in DxDataBook

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Libraries with DxDataBook

❶❶ The Library pulldown sec on contains a list of all avail-able libraries as described in the database source. All of the libraries listed are those that are defi ned as Tables directly in the Access Database.

❷❷ Choose ICs from the Library pulldown. Note: The system now searches the access database and lists all the components in this library.

❸❸ Select the scroll bar located at the bo om of the Dx-DataBook window and scroll the dialog window all the way to the right.

❹❹ You should see a column labeled Datasheet. These are links to Datasheets that describe more about the parts listed in DxDataBook.

❺ ❺ Using the LMB, select on one of the datasheet links.Note: No ce the Datasheet opens and displays the PDF content.Note: If you didn’t install the DxDesigner Evalua on in the default loca on under C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on, then these links will not work.

❻❻ If you opened the confi gura on click Cancel. Scroll the main DxDataBook window back fully to the le .

Note: Any fi eld can be confi gured as an ac ve link. For example, you may want to open a simula on model from the schema c. To modify the confi gura on right click in DxDataBook > Confi gure> Edit Confi gu-ra on. Then select the desired library and fi nd the Property Name you’d like to turn into an ac ve link. Select the cell un l the bu on is the same as shown for DATASHEET.


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Component Selec on with DxDataBookWhen using a standard library confi gura on without DxData-Book you must take the me to enter proper es for every existence of a part. This can be very me consuming and error prone. This process may also force the crea on of hundreds

Building a Component Query

❶❶ From the Library pull down menu select the Resistors library.

❷❷ Select the Query bu on to start se ng the query criteria.

❸❸ With the Query Builder dialog open, select the Condi- on bu on.

❹❹ Select the pulldown arrows in each se ng in the dialog so it matches the example below. (VALUE, =, 10K). Select the Add bu on to set the criteria.

❺ ❺ This will place the search criteria into the dialog so it can be applied.

❻❻ Select the OK bu on to ac vate the search based on the criteria.Note: No ce the resul ng data is based on value equaling 10K.

of extra schema c symbols. In this exercise you will see how DxDataBook reduces the need for extra symbols. You will also see how easy it is to search and select specifi c parts from a list of poten ally thousands of parts.


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Narrowing the Search

❶❶ Now narrow the search down further to Resistors with 10K Values and CC1206 Pkg_Type. Select the Query bu on again, select the Add bu on, select the Condi- on bu on, set the 1st fi eld to Pkg_Type, set the 2nd

to =, set the 3rd to CC1206 then select Add bu on.❷❷ Select the OK bu on to apply the addi onal search

based on the new criteria.Note: No ce the amount of available parts has reduced sig-nifi cantly based on the search criteria just set.


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41

Search and Place

❶❶ Now let’s search for a part with a value of 10K, Pkg_Type of CC1206 and a Cost of less than .040 (cents).

❷❷ Select the Query bu on once more, select the AND bu on, select the Condi on bu on, set the 1st fi eld to Cost, set the 2nd fi eld to <, set the 3rd fi eld to .040.

❸❸ Select the Add bu on to include this addi on search criteria.

❹❹ Select the OK bu on to apply the new search require-ment.

❺ ❺ The column headers can also be used to sort the results ascending or descending. In this case we have already fi ltered to only four results but we could have used fewer fi lters and then sorted the value column to fi nd the desired part.

❻❻ Using the LMB select the Part 103-RES. No ce the en re line is highlighted and both the symbol and decal preview are shown for the part.

❼❼ While the LMB is s ll pressed, drag that symbol onto the schema c and release your mouse bu on where you would like the resistor to be placed. You can also drag the symbol directly from the Symbol Preview win-dow into the Schema c.


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View and Edit Proper es

❶❶ Click on the Proper es bu on or use the modeless command CTRL-ALT-A to open the Proper es window. All the proper es are on the symbol. These proper- es were added to the generic symbol by the Access

Database when the part was added to the schema c. The user does not have to worry about making manual errors in adding the proper es.

❷❷ While in the Proper es Editor, change the Value prop-erty fi eld from 10K to 100K by entering the new value in the Instance Value column.

❸❸ With DxDataBook s ll ac ve and s ll lis ng available resistors, select and drag another schema c symbol onto the schema c sheet so there are two new ones displayed. (Follow the instruc ons in step 15).

❹❹ Change the Libraries: se ng from Resistors to Capaci-tors.

❺ ❺ Now assume you need a decoupling capacitor but have not decided on what value of decoupling cap to use. Select on any available capacitor listed in the DxData-Book pane, then click on the Add new component with common Proper es bu on to add a generic compo-nent to the schema c.

❻❻ With the new part ac ve on your cursor, move both the cursor and the symbol over the working area and select the LMB to complete the part placement. Note: If you look at the Proper es Editor, you will no ce the capacitor has no value property not to men on many other missing proper es. DxDataBook can run a complete verifi ca- on to ensure all parts are compliant with the database.

Note: We made a unique change to a part so the part number no longer matches the defi ned power ra ng. This condi on could lead to a very expensive problem due to the way parts are ordered through a company’s purchasing department. Part numbers that do not match corresponding proper es generally lead to overstocks and delays in schedule. Both are costly to and can be avoided if a DxDataBook confi gura on is in place. Let’s look how DxDataBook can fi nd these inconsistencies and resolve them quickly.


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Verifi ca on

❶❶ Select the Filter bu on located on the toolbar. Enable only the Symbol check box.

❷❷ While using the LMB (or Cntrl+LMB) drag a select box around the three symbols we just added via DxDataBook.

❸❸ Click on the New Live Verifi ca on Window bu on located in the DxDataBook dialog.. Note: This bu on is also used for verifying an en re page if no items are selected when it is ac vated.

❹❹ A new window will open showing the three parts color-coded. If we click on any of the parts, that part is highlighted in the schema c. (Yellow) Indicates a component has mul ple matches. This is the generic we added. (Green) Indicates the proper es on the schema c match the data-base and only one part matches. (Red) Indicates that there is a confl ict between the database and the schema c and no parts match. This is the part where we changed the Power Ra ng so it no longer matches the Part Number.

❺ ❺ Fix the problem with the capacitor which is not correctly specifi ed. Using the LMB, double click on the Yellow Circle.

❻❻ On the right hand side a search window opens up with the common proper es automa cally applied as fi lters.

❼❼ Using the LMB, select any part listed in the DxDataBook dialog.

❽❽ Using the LMB select the Annotate Component with all Prop-er es to add the correct part informa on. No ce the circle changes from yellow to green and the Proper es Editor now shows the capacitor as a completely defi ned symbol/Part.

Verifi ca on in DxDataBookDxDataBook has the ability to run verifi ca on on a group of se-lected items, a single page, or an en re design. The func onality

is similar but for this exercise you will do a verifi ca on of the parts we just placed.


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Correc ng Database Confl ictsNow we will correct the part that we created the problem on when we changed the Value to 100K.

Correc ng a Database Confl ict

❶❶ Double-click on the part that contains the last remain-ing red circle.

❷❷ On the right hand side, a window is displayed. Scroll through it and no ce the proper es in red. No ce the Value is in red because it does not match the database.

❸❸ Using the LMB, scroll over to Value property name, select the RMB then Remove Condi on.

❹❹ The system will search the database and fi nd the part that matches the previously defi ned condi ons. No ce that verify rou ne has locked onto a single part.

❺ ❺ Using the LMB, click on the new part number.❻❻ Using the LMB, select the Annotate component with

Common Proper es bu on to change to the new part.❼❼ We have now corrected the problem of the proper es

and the part number not being equal. Note: The Proper es window now shows the resistor has all the proper es of the part you selected.

❽❽ Select all three parts you placed using the CNTRL + LMBkeys.

❾❾ Hit the DEL keyboard key to delete the added parts.


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Appendix - ODBC SetupThe acronym ODBC stands for Open Database Connec vity. Most databases developed or upgraded since the 1980s will support this standard. This standard is the technology DxData-Book uses to connect to databases. DxDataBook can also sup-port a web sever connec on u lizing ODBC. In this example, you will set up the ODBC connec on for using a Microso Access Database format.

Establishing ODBC Connec vity

❶❶ Select Start Menu and then select Se ngs > Control Panel.

❷❷ Using the LMB, double click on Administra ve Tools.❸❸ Using the LMB again, double click on Data Sources

(ODBC).❹❹ Under the User DSN tab select the Add bu on.❺ ❺ Next, select the Microso Access Driver (*.mdb) item

from the list.❻❻ Select the Finish bu on to con nue the process.❼❼ Type CORPORATE (all capitalized) in the fi eld called

Data Source Name.❽❽ Click the Select bu on located under Database:❾❾ When prompted, browse to the access database called

Corporate.mdb which will be located in the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Libs\ directory.

❿❿ Select the Corporate.MDB fi le and then click the OK bu on as needed to accept the selec on.

⓫⓫ You have now successfully setup an ODBC connec on to the Access Database.


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Lesson 5: Crea ng a New Schema cDxDesigner is a comprehensive schema c entry tool which combines a feature rich environment with an easy to use GUI. DxDesigner is simple to navigate; whether you are adding parts, connec ons, busses or text

Crea ng a New Design

❶❶ Open C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson5\Lesson5.prj and then select File > New pull down selec on or select the New bu on then Schema c.

❷❷ Right click on the schema c and rename it to Logic.YourName (ie Logic.JohnSmith)

Note: The schema c shown will be constructed during the following exercises.

Note: Schema c to be drawn:

Crea ng a New Schema c

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Adding a Border

❶❶ A border may be added automa cally based on Setup > Se ngs > Project > Borders. The border mapping should be in your company’s template project so that you don’t have to change this.

❷❷ You can also add a border manually by placing the cur-sor in the working area, select the RMB the selec ng the Insert Border menu selec on. Note: When adding a border using this method it is taking the symbol defi ned in Setup > Se ngs > Project > Borders

❸❸ Change the sheet size of this new sheet to a C size sheet. This is done using the Drawing Size drop-down in the Proper es window.

❹❹ RMB and pick Change Border from the pop-up menu. Select mentorpageother.1 from the CorporateDemo library.

❺ ❺ Press F8 a few mes to Zoom Out or hit the Home but-ton to change the view so it centers on the format.

Adding and Placing a BorderAdding borders into a schema c can be done several ways. The process can be automa c or manual. You can change borders at any me to refl ect a sheet size modifi ca on. We will cover a few ways to add borders in some of the exercise below.

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Placing PartsPlacing Parts into the Schema c (Manually)

❶❶ Within the Symbol View dialog, enter a symbols fi lter RES. Only symbols star ng with RES are shown. Select resistor from the library CorporateDemo.

❷❷ Place the cursor over the resistor.1 shape, hold the LMB down and drag the symbol into the schema c working area. Release the LMB to drop the part.

❸❸ Let’s add a second symbol. First select Clear Filter. Then enter capn in the Symbol fi lter entry. The pro-gram will automa cally select capnonpol.

❹❹ Place the cursor over the symbol displayed, hold the LMB and drag the shape into the working area. Release the LMB to drop the part.

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Placing Parts

Placing Parts into the Schema c (con nued)

❺ ❺ Click Clear Filters and then expand the library Cor-porateDemo by selec ng the item. Find and place 145421 using the same method defi ne in step #4.

❻❻ Find and place symbol 74192 again using same method as above.

❼❼ You should now have 4 symbols on your schema c.

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Adding Power and Ground Connec ons

❶❶ Open the Se ngs dialog using Setup > Se ngs.❷❷ Navigate to Project > Special Components. Then,

select Power from the dropdown menu and click the New bu on.

❸❸ A new dialog will open and allow you to browse the libraries for a power symbol. Select the PWR.1 symbol from the Buil n library. Click OK.

❹❹ Follow the same process but this me select Ground in the Special Components dialog. Then, from the buil n library select GND.1 and select OK.

❺ ❺ Select the OK bu on to exit the Se ngs dialog.❻❻ Now, in your toolbar for DxDesigner you will have a

Power and Ground shortcut ac ve. When you place symbols from these bu ons they will default based on your se ngs from steps 3 and 4.

❼❼ Click on the Power symbol bu on. Select the buil n:PWR.1 symbol for the available choices.Note: No ce a Power pin should be on your cursor.

❽❽ Select the LMB to place the power symbol in the work-ing area. When you have placed it click RMB to release the command.

❾❾ Follow the same steps to add a Ground symbol to the schema c.

Placing Parts

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Copying Symbols

❶❶ You are going to need two resistors in this schema c example. Hold the CTRL key. With the key pressed use the LMB to select and drag away from the 1st resistor. As you drag your mouse, a copy of the resistor will be on your cursor and ready for placement.

❷❷ Make sure there is plenty of room next to the capacitor for 2 copies. If not, move it by selec ng the part and holding down the LMB to drag it to a new loca on.

❸❸ Using the previous method (CNTRL + LMB drag) add two more caps.

❹❹ Using the LMB, hold and drag a select box around the Power pin completely enclosing it so the en re sec on is selected.

❺ ❺ With the items s ll selected, hold down the LMB and the CTRL key to create another copy. Place the new power pin next to the original.

❻❻ Using the same process as the power pin, create a second GND symbol.

❼❼ Place it next to the original GND symbol.❽❽ Using the LMB, draw a box around the second GND

symbol.❾❾ Select the CTRL + C keys to create a new copy and place

it into the Paste Buff er.❿❿ Select the CTRL + V keyboard keys to paste the symbol.⓫⓫ Select the LMB to place the new GND pin under the

other two.

Placing Parts

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ArraysThe Array feature can be used to add components and to add net labels. It can also be used to add mul ple objects.

Using Arrays

❶❶ Using the LMB, click on a capacitor so it is selected.❷❷ Select the Array bu on to begin the arraying process.❸❸ Fill in the dialogue as seen below: Rows = 3, Columns =

1, Row Spacing = 0.100.❹❹ Select the OK bu on to complete the ac on. The

parts are automa cally added ver cally (3 rows and 1 column).Note: Using a nega ve spacing value will add the objects in a nega ve direc on (Down or Le ).

Placing Parts

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Rota ng SymbolsThere are three ways within DxDesigner to rotate objects. The fi rst is to use the Rotate bu on. The second way uses the F9 bu on during a move. The third way is through the RMB pull-down menu. Let’s review a few examples.

Rotate a Symbol

❶❶ Using the LMB, select one of the resistors. Select the Rotate bu on and no ce the part rotates 90 degrees.Note: The Rotate bu on is located on the Transform toolbox.

If the toolbar is not ac ve, go to View > Toolbars and select the Transform toolbar.

❷❷ Using the LMB, select one of the resistors. Hold the LMB down and move the cursor. Note: No ce the symbol moves with the cursor.

❸❸ While the part is moving, hit the F9 key and no ce the part rotates.

❹❹ Release the LMB to place the rotated resistor.❺ ❺ Using the RMB, select one of the capacitors.❻❻ From the RMB pulldown menu, select Rotate

Note: No ce the part rotates at the cursor.

❼❼ Use the Ctrl + Z key combina on to undo this rota on.

Placing Parts

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Moving Components

❶❶ Arrange the components as seen in the fi gure below.❷❷ To move components, select and hold the LMB down

while the cursor is over the part you wish to move. Drag the cursor to the desired loca on.

❸❸ Release the LMB to drop the part.NOTE: The two capacitors located in the lower right can be deleted by selec ng them and hi ng the Delete key located on the keyboard.

❹❹ You can select and move mul ple components simul-taneously using the CTRL key + LMB (to execute a mul- ple select). Hold down the CTRL key while selec ng

all desired parts with the LMB. ❺ ❺ Release the CTRL key and con nue to hold the LMB to

drag the cursor and any selected parts to a new loca- on.

❻❻ Release the LMB to place the parts.

Placing Parts 55

Lesson 6: Wiring the Schema c

Connec ng the Components with NetsThere are a few ways to add nets to components. This sec on will experiment with a few diff erent op ons.

Connec ng by Abutment

❶❶ Let’s zoom in closer to the ICs. To do this select the Zoom bu on and create a frame around those two symbols.

❷❷ Select one of the two IC’s located in the schema c. Se-lect and hold the LMB, to drag the fi rst IC over toward the second IC placing the pin edges directly over each other.

❸❸ Release the part by releasing the LMB.❹❹ Reselect the part again and drag it away from the fi rst

IC. The pins are automa cally connected as we drag the second IC away from the fi rst.

Crea ng Nets Using Net Mode

❶❶ Select the Net bu on (or enter n using the keyboard) to put the so ware in Add Net mode.

❷❷ Add a connec on to Pin 4 of the IC located on the le hand side. Using the LMB, select the pin and hold the bu on as you drag the connec on to the le . When the net is long enough release the LMB to drop the connec on.

❸❸ Do the same thing for pins 5, 9, and 6 on the IC located on the le hand side.

❹❹ Hit ESC or select the Select bu on to exit net mode.

Wiring the Schema c

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Crea ng Nets Outside of Net Mode

❶❶ For the IC on the le hand side, select the RMB on the le side of pin 7.

❷❷ Move the cursor to the resistor located next to it on its lower le hand side.Note: As you move the cursor, a net is added and follows the cursor loca on.

❸❸ Using the RMB, select the resistor’s upper pin to con-nect the net to it.

❹❹ Create the connec on shown on the schema c on page 2. Do not worry about assigning signal names at this point. You will do that next.

Wiring the Schema c

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Naming Nets and Placing LabelsNaming Nets

❶❶ Double click on the net in the lower le hand corner from pin 13 (bo om of device).

❷❷ The Proper es window will open and wait for you to enter a name. Enter C/BE3.

❸❸ Using the LMB, select and drag the label you just cre-ated.

❹❹ Place it to the Le of the net.NOTE: If you move the net when a emp ng to move the label, then you have the net selected in addi on to the label. Try zooming in closer or using the RMB Selec on Filter op on to limit selec on to the label.

❺ ❺ Using the LMB, double click on the connec on end of the signal just above the one we assigned our fi st signal name to. Name this one C/BE2.

❻❻ Select the LMB to release the signal and the selected connec on.

❼❼ Now select the signal again and hold the LMB and drag the signal to its desired loca on.

Wiring the Schema c

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Adding Names Using the Navigator

❶❶ In the design view select the net connected to pin 4 of the IC on the le and it will cross-probe to the naviga-tor.

❷❷ In the Navigator use the RMB menu to select Rename. Then enter the desired name and click Enter. Rename the net connected to pin 4 to ~CE. Using a ~ will create an inverted pin name.

❸❸ Another way to control if the pin name is inverted or not is using True/False in the Proper es window.

Adding Symbols with Named Net StubsAnother op on would have been to add the nets when we placed the symbols in the schema c.

❶❶ From the Symbol viewer open the CorporateDemolibrary and fi nd 74192.

❷❷ Before placing the symbol on the schema c check Add Nets and Add Net Names on the right side of the Symbol viewer.

❸❸ Now, place the symbol into the schema c.❹❹ No ce that all pins have net stubs connected and they

are all named according to the corresponding to the pin.

❺ ❺ Remove this symbol and its connected net stubs.

Wiring the Schema c

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Se ng Proper es for PartsProperty Visibility

❶❶ If it’s not already open, then open the Property editor by selec ng the Proper es bu on or by selec ng the modeless command CTRL-ALT-A.

❷❷ Using the LMB, select the IC on the le side.Note: The Proper es for that component are displayed in the Property editor

❸❸ To make a property type visible you can check the box next to the Property. Check the box next to PKG_TYPE. No ce PKG_TYPE is now shown below the symbol.

❹❹ To make only the value visible check the box next to SO24L and uncheck the box next to PKG_TYPE. Now only the value SO24 is visible.

Wiring the Schema c

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Adding New Proper es

❶❶ To add a new property on the schema c the property must be defi ned in the Property Defi ni on Editor (Tools > Property Defi ni on Editor). This helps users stan-dardize on required proper es within the company and also prevents typing mistakes.Note: A er making a change you will have to exit and re-invoke DxDesigner before the Proper es are available for assignment.

❷❷ If the Property window is s ll open and the IC on the le is s ll selected then we will add a property. In the Property window click in the blank cell below Name and add PART_NUMBER.

❸❸ Enter 510_5V_IC for Value.❹❹ Using the LMB select the IC on the right side of the

schema c.❺ ❺ Enter the following Property informa on:

PART_NUMBER = 506-5.0V_ICDATASHEET = C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Datasheets\CD-54HC192.PDNote: This last step links the part to a datasheet. A link can be made to any type of document or website. The document can be launched directly from the schema c.

❻❻ Select the symbol and then use the RMB menu and select Open Hyperlink > DATASHEET.Note: This process launches Adobe Acrobat with the appro-priate datasheet.

❼❼ Select the Close Window bu on in the upper right, to close down Adobe Acrobat.

Wiring the Schema c

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Change/Edit Proper es

❶❶ Select the resistor on the bo om le .❷❷ Add or Change the following Proper es:

DEVICE RESISTOR1206PART_NUMBER 107-RESPKG_TYPE CC1206VALUE 5.1KTOLERANCE 1%POWER 250mW

❸❸ Select the resistor on the top le .❹❹ Add or Change the following Proper es:

DEVICE RESISTOR1206PART_NUMBER 101-RESPKG_TYPE CC1206VALUE 10KTOLERANCE 1%POWER 250mW

Wiring the Schema c

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Adding Proper es to Parts Simultaneously

❶❶ Using the LMB, select one of the capacitors.❷❷ Holding the CTRL key and using LMB, click on each of

the other two capacitors.Note: All three of the capacitors are selected and their Prop-er es are listed in the Property editor.

❸❸ In the Proper es window select the cell below Nameto add a new property.

❹❹ In the Property fi eld select PART_NUMBER.❺ ❺ In the Value fi eld enter 12301-CAP.❻❻ Select Enter to complete the property assignment.

Now if you select each capacitor individually you will no ce they all have the same PART_NUMBER property.

❼❼ Add the following Proper es to all three capacitors.DEVICE CAPNONPOLPKG_TYPE CC1206VALUE 10UTOLERANCE 5%VOLTAGE 16V

Wiring the Schema c

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Working with the Bus ModelCrea ng a Bus

❶❶ Begin by star ng a new schema c: File > New > Sche-ma c.

❷❷ The new schema c is now found in the Blocks sec on on the Project Navigator and it is called Schema c1.

❸❸ Place 2 instances of the local symbol SymbolTest.1. To accomplish this, select the DxDataBook bu on then select the Show CL View bu on. Once this is complete expand the [Local Symbol] column using the [+]char-acter and highlight the SymbolTest.1 symbol. At this point you can click the Place Symbol bu on to place them on the schema c.

❹❹ Next, zoom in to the le side of the symbols.❺ ❺ Using the Add-Bus bu on place a ver cal bus labeled

“A[15:0]” to the le of the symbols.

Wiring the Schema c

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Connec ng a Bus to Component NetsThere are 2 ways to connect these symbols to this bus. The fi rst method connects the nets from the bus to the compo-nent.

❶❶ The fi rst step is selec ng the bus and using the RMB>Rip Nets menu pick. Click with the RMB where you would like the fi rst net to connect (Directly across from the second pin on the le …below CLK). This will display a dialog box allowing the user to select the nets are to be used. In this example, we are going to use A[15:8] from the Rip Nets dialog to connect to the top symbol. NOTE: If you do not see the Rip Nets menu pick then you may need to click into the design view to unselect the bus and then try again.

❷❷ Clicking the OK bu on will place them nets on the bus star ng where you last clicked. The spacing defaults to 2 Grid spaces but our symbol pins are at 4 Grid spaces.

❸❸ With the nets s ll selected open the resize box (Edit > Resize Box).

❹❹ Use your mouse to drag the green box around the nets wider and longer un l all nets connect with the ends of the pins. When you release your mouse the nets will be connected.NOTE: The yellow proper es are the “ripped bit indicator.” These indicate which bit of the bus is a ached to a par cular net.

Wiring the Schema c

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Connec ng Component Nets to a BusThis is the second way to connect these symbols to this bus. This method connects the nets from the component to the bus..

❶❶ Connect unnamed nets to the component using the Add Nets bu on. Once all nets are added be sure they are all selected.

❷❷ Next use the RMB > Add Proper es pop-up menu pick to invoke the Add Proper es dialog box. In this dialog box set the following.

• Type = Net• Property = Name• Prefi x = A• Value Dec= 7 and Delta = -1

❸❸ This will name all of the nets and allow you to use the resize box to drag them to connect up to the bus.

Wiring the Schema c

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Lesson 7: Rules and ConstraintsDxDesigner has a built-in constraint system. This constraint management system allows PCB physical constraints to be passed with netlist/partlist data into a compa ble CAD tool (PADS Layout). The constraint informa on can consist of rou ng clearance constraints, rou ng constraints, and high speed con-straints. Advanced rules like diff eren al pairs, component and

class rules can also be defi ned and managed directly from DxDe-signer. When you select an object in the schema c, it appears with currently assigned constraints in the editor. In this editor, constraint modifi ca ons are as easy as changing a ributes. Constraint passing is controlled either during netlist genera on or through direct integra on with PADS Layout.

Rules and Constraints

Entering ConstraintsSwitching Projects

❶❶ Open the Navigator window by selec ng the Navigator bu on or by using the CTRL-ALT-T hotkey.

❷❷ Using the RMB click on Lesson7 (or the ac ve project) to ac vate the pop-up menu.

❸❸ Select Open Project.❹❹ Browse back to C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson7❺ ❺ Select the Lesson7.prj fi le.❻❻ Select the Open bu on to complete the process.❼❼ If any fi les were open, a dialog like the one below will

pop up. Select Yes. ❽❽ Hit the [+] next to the Boards to expand it.❾❾ Double Click LMB on Corporate to open the fi rst sheet

of the schema c. ❿❿ Select the [+] next to Corporate and then expand Sche-

ma c1 to see all the schema c sheets.

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Review the Constraints Defi ni on

❶❶ Place the cursor in a vacant part of the schema c work-ing area.

❷❷ Select the Zoom Area bu on and generate a zoom box around the upper le hand corner of the screen.

❸❸ To open the Constraint Defi ni on dialog select View > Other Windows > Constraints.Note: The constraints fi le is part of your project se ngs in Setup > Se ngs > Project dialog.

❹❹ If you reviewed the Constraint setup dialog previously defi ned, select Cancel bu on to exit the Setup > Set- ngs dialog.

❺ ❺ Using the LMB click on the CLK_IN net from within the working area of the schema c.Note: If you are not able to select the net you may need to modify your selec on fi lter se ngs. You can do this with the bu on.

❻❻ With the net selected the constraint editor now shows the constraints associated with this net. We can change constraints just like we changed proper es.


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Changing Constraints

❶❶ With the CLK_IN net s ll selected, we will edit the constraints.

❷❷ Using the LMB, double click on the constraint value for Length Min and change it to 1000. Then change Length Max to 2000.

❸❸ On the bo om of the Constraints dialog, no ce the Route tab.

❹❹ Select the Route tab and change the Autoroute se ng to False.

❺ ❺ On the bo om of the Constraints window, select the Clear-ance tab and change the Trace-to-Trace Clearance from 4 to 6.


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Crea ng a Constraints Class

❶❶ While CLK_IN is s ll selected click Create New Class from Se ngs in the bo om of the Constraints win-dow.

❷❷ At the prompt enter the New Class name CLOCK2.❸❸ Select the OK bu on to add the new class name. If you

see a pop-up asking for permission to overwrite the exis ng class pick Yes. No ce the net CLK_IN automa -cally gets assigned that class name.

❹❹ Let’s reset CLK_IN back to default by selec ng the down arrow to the right of the PCBCLASS a ribute. Select CLOCKS from the list.


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Applying a Constraints Class

❶❶ Use the Home key to zoom full and then use the Zoom bu on, create a box over the upper right hand corner of the page.

❷❷ Select the net CLK_3584MEG.❸❸ From within the Constraint dialog, select pull down ar-

row inside the value box next to PCBCLASS.❹❹ Select the class called CLOCKS. This will add

CLK_3584MEG net to the class along with other nets assigned to that class.


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Crea ng a Diff eren al Pair

❶❶ Use the Home key to zoom full and then use the Zoom bu on, create a scroll box over the upper le hand corner of the page.

❷❷ Using the LMB double click the signal called BSYNC-.❸❸ Open the Proper es window if it’s not open already.

Note: If it was not open already, then it will open near the Constraints window.

❹❹ Where Diff Pair is located assign BSYNC+.❺ ❺ While holding down the CTRL key, use the LMB key to

select the BSYNC+ signal. Note: At this point both BSYNC+ and BSYNC- should be se-lected and seen in the Constraints window.Also note: A new tab named “Diff eren al Pair” will appear in the Constraints window.


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Crea ng a Diff eren al Pair (Con nued)

❻❻ Select the Diff eren al Pair tab to view the constraint op ons.

❼❼ Select the Constraint name Gap in the Diff eren al Pair tab to fi rst select the en re row.

❽❽ Then select the cell for BSYNC+ (the le -most net cell) in the Gap Constraint row.

❾❾ At the prompt “Are you sure you want to edit this Cell? The value will be applied to all 2 selected Cells”, select the Yes box.

❿❿ Set the Gap to 4.0 mils and press Enter. Both values changed to the 4.0000 mil gap se ng.Note: You may need to adjust the column sizes so you can see the a ribute values for both nets. To do so, simply place the cursor over the column edge, hold the LMB and drag to the appropriate direc on.


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Lesson 8: Variant ManagerThe Variant Manager is a u lity that helps manage PCB Sub Assemblies from the schema c level. The bill-of-materials is typically generated here and can represent the en re schema c or any Variant defi ned in the Variant Manager dialog.Variant modifi ca ons can include Populated Components, Sub-s tuted Components and Depopulated Components. Mul ple variants can exist in a single design with the ability to automa -cally generate schema cs and BOMs represen ng each listed variant.

Variants defi ned in DxDesigner can be exported to PADS Layout so the Assembly Variant u lity inside PADS Layout can generate the necessary Assembly Drawings based on each variant passed from DxDesigner. This capability accommodates the passing of variants from the front end tool all of the way through to the backend tools so that required documenta on can be processed quickly and easily with accuracy.

Launching Variant Manager

❶❶ Start DxDesigner, select File > Open> Project and select C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson8\Lesson8.prj.

❷❷ Launch Variant Manager using View > Other Windows > Variants

❸❸ A new window will open for Variant Manager. If it shows “No Project Loaded” then you simply need to Click on Corporate in the Navigator to open a schema c sheet.

Crea ng New VariantsVariant Manager is used to create a unique BOM for variants of schema cs. For example, you may need to produce designs which are basically the same except one has an extra bank of memory installed. Variant Manager will allow you to create a unique BOM, schema c for documenta on, and reports of the variant diff erences.

Variant Manager

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The General Tab

❶❶ First review the Se ngs for the Variants you are about to create by clicking the Se ngs bu on.

❷❷ There are four tabs in this dialog. First, look at the General tab. The General Tab will have se ngs for the naming of unplaced parts as well as several report op ons. The Unplaced Keyword will show in the appro-priate cell for parts that you choose to Unplace. You can control the keyword used in this tab of the Se ngs Dialog.

Reviewing the Variant Manager Se ngsBefore crea ng new variants, review the current se ngs and familiarize yourself with the available op ons.

The CAE Interac on Tab

❶❶ The CAE Interac on tab provides display op ons for variant schema cs. You can Delete, Markup or Color the unplaced symbols in each variant.

Variant Manager

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The Library Query Setup Tab

❶❶ The Library Query Setup tab will allow you to defi ne and edit how the project will interact with the Library database. In the fi rst sec on you will point to the cor-rect .dbc fi le using the browse bu on. The Defi ne Libraries bu on will allow you to edit your DxDataBook confi gura on. For this lesson the setup is done for you but you can refer to the Appendix at the end of thislLesson if you are using your own database.

❷❷ The Query se ngs sec on allows you to control the database search when using the Replace func on. You want to allow enough results to be returned from each library by se ng the Results/library value large enough. You can use replacement parts from many libraries but to do so you need to make the Results to-tal number larger than the number of results returned from each individual library. The Part number a ribute should be set to DEVICE.

❸❸ The Output format will also control your database query results. The Part number feedback line will al-low you to display more informa on about a par cular part. This will be shown later.

❹❹ The Query results format will control the results shown for the Replace func on. This will control the columns displayed and fi lter op ons to help you choose a re-placement part. Note: Because we have Part Number A ribute ed to DEVICE we also want to be sure DEVICE is included in the Query results format.

Variant Manager

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The PADS Tab

❶❶ The last tab is PADS. This allows you to defi ne the correct property to associate with Part Number for the output fi les. In this case use DEVICE.

Crea ng Variants

❶❶ As you can see nothing has been defi ned yet. Start by selec ng the Variant Defi ni on bu on.

❷❷ From the Variant Defi ni on dialog create two Variants by clicking on the Create New Variant bu on twice.

❸❸ Rename the two variants Variant1 and Variant2 respec- vely.

Note: Using the LMB, double click the cell to edit.

❹❹ Fill in the Number and Descrip ons as shown.❺ ❺ The Variant Groups Tab in the dialog above is helpful

for sor ng or fi ltering specifi c variants when there are many in a single project. The groups you setup here will be available from the drop-down shown below in the main window.

❻❻ Click OK to exit this dialog.

Variant Manager

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Defi ning VariantsNow that you have confi gured Variant Manager and created two variants you will defi ne the specifi c variant parameters.

Unplacing Parts

❶❶ Using the LMB, select in the cell under the Variant1 column, next to C35. Variant Manager allows the cross-probing from the schema c into a variant and vise-versa.

❷❷ Be sure the Transmit and Receive mode bu ons are both depressed to enable cross-probing.

❸❸ Select the [-] next to the schema c sheet Analog_switch to compress the view.

❹❹ Find IOPort1 and Unplace all of the components in that block. This can be done by selec ng the LMB to select cell next to the IO_Port defi ni on in Variant1, followed by selec ng the RMB to open the pop-up menu. Select the Unplaced op on from this menu to unplace all parts on this Hier sheet.

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Change Mul ple Parts Simultaneously

❶❶ To change a few select parts simultaneously, using the LMB select C32 fi rst within the Variant1 column. Using the LMB and holding the Ctrl key, select C33 and C34. Select the RMB while over one of those Ref Des and select Reset. No ce only those 3 reset and contain no variant instruc ons within Variant1 column.

Replacing (Subs tu ng) Parts

❶❶ Now, instead of unplacing all parts, we will subs tute new parts. For Variant2 select the cell for C16, select the RMB popup and select Replace.

❷❷ A er selec ng Replace you will see a new window of possible parts for replacement.Note: The columns come from the se ngs in a previous les-son. All of the replacement parts have the same PKG_TYPE as the original part because we set the VM Match to PKG_TYPE = in our .dbc confi gura on as shown in the Appendix at the end of this Lesson document.

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Sor ng Parts

❶❶ The columns in this window not only provide addi onal informa on but they also act as fi lters. Select one of the column headers and no ce you can either sort (Ascending or Descending) or fi lter (on available values) based upon the part you are looking for.

❷❷ Replace C16 with the smallest value available for a capacitor. This can be done by selec ng the VALUE column and then sort Ascending and double click the fi rst part available.

Fla en the Design View

❶❶ Select the check box next to a Flat Design View to fl at-ten the schema c Ref Des list.

❷❷ Now use the design view to fi nd Sheet 1 and select R8 in the upper right corner. When you select the part in the design view it will also select in the Variant Man-ager.

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Replacing Parts Across Libraries

❶❶ We are going to swap this resistor with a capacitor in Variant2. With R8 highlighted, select the RMB over the cell contained within the Variant2 column and select Replace.No ce that you also have the op on to replace parts across libraries!Note: Don’t forget that you can also fi lter on Library if you know what Library your replacement part is in!

❷❷ Using the LMB, double click the fi rst capacitor in the list to apply it.

❸❸ Save your work by clicking the Save bu on.

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Genera ng Variant OutputsNow that you have created two variants we will need to gener-ate schema cs, pass the informa on to PADS for Layout and create BOMs.

Create Variant/Func on Schema cs

❶❶ Begin by closing all schema c sheets but one so the Variant Manager remains ac ve.

❷❷ To create the variant schema cs simply click to select the Variant1 column and then click the Create Variant/Func on Schema cs bu on.

❸❸ A er doing so you will no ce a prompt opens in the de-sign view informing you that “DxDesigner is in Variant Manager Mode (All schema cs are read only). Variant name: Variant1”

❹❹ Use the navigator to fi nd Sheet 5 and select IO_port1. Select the RMB while over IO_Port1 and select Push Schema c. Note: The parts represented in blue are the ones we un-placed in Variant1.Note: We set a par cular color for all unplaced variant parts (teal). This was setup in a previous lesson.

Note: We also had the op on to Markup rather than color unplaced parts which would have resulted in the following:

Or, we could have confi gured the Variant Man-ager to delete unplaced parts as shown:

Variant Manager

W l h d h M k h h l O ld h fi d h V i M

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Genera ng the Variant BOM Reports

❶❶ To generate the BOMs you can select the RMB in the variant window and select Report > BOM Reports from the pop-up menu.

❷❷ A new dialog opens and you can choose the desired output fi le type. Select Microso Excel.

❸❸ Select Variant1 and 2. Defi ne an output loca on. In this case we will output to C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Les-son8 and name it Variant_BOM.xls.

❹❹ Generate a BOM report for the Master and both Vari-ants using the se ngs shown above.

❺ ❺ A er clicking OK all three reports are generated in the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson8 directory as shown.

❻❻ Open each report in Excel and observe the diff erences. In this graphic no ce the fi le names at the top show master on the le , then Variant1 middle and Variant2 on the right. A few diff erences have been highlighted so you can see that Variant Manager has generated the BOMs correctly.

❼❼ From the Report menu you can also generate spread-sheet views of your variants for documenta on. Experiment by crea ng a report for your variant and then view the output fi le. For example, select HTML Document.

❽❽ The last step in variant genera on is to create an out-put for PADS Layout. To generate this output click the Export Data for PADS bu on.

❾❾ No ce the ASCII fi le C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson8\Lesson8_DxDVariants.asc is available for use in PADS.

❿❿ This fi le can be imported into PADS Layout.

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Appendix: Confi guring Variant ManagerThis appendix contains some of the errors you might see if your session of Variant Manager is not confi gured properly.

Confi gura on

❶❶ Before crea ng a variant you will need to set the Vari-ant Match condi on in your Databook .dbc fi le.Note: This VM Match condi on column is only visible from the confi gura on within Variant Manager. If you try to edit the confi gura on from DxDataBook then you will not see this column.

Be sure you have the VM Match column in each library set so PKG_TYPE is =.

❷❷ If you fail to confi gure the VM Match condi on correct-ly then you will see mul ple package types available for replacement as shown.

❸❸ Be sure DEVICE is added to the Query results.❹❹ If you fail to do this then you may see an error message

when choosing a replacement part.❺ ❺ Be sure the PADS tab links Part Number to DEVICE. If

you haven’t done this then the replace menu will be grayed out and you will not have parts listed in the Part Number column.

❻❻ The proper es are case sensi ve. Check your data-base confi gura on for property cases. For example, a confi gura on might show the value Device rather than DEVICE.

❼❼ If you have a case sensi vity problem then you may see an error message when replacing a part.

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Lesson 9: Genera ng the BOM (Bill of Materials)

Opening the Partlister

❶❶ Select File > Open> Project to Open C:\PADS_ES_Evalu-a on\Lesson9\Lesson9.prj.

❷❷ From the pull down menu, select Tools > Part Lister.❸❸ If a Prompt appears “One or more documents are

modifi ed. Save before Running Command?” appears, select the Yes bu on to save the edits.

❹❹ A new Part Lister dialog will appear. These op ons af-fect the partlist content.

Genera ng the BOM (Bill of Material)

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This exercise will show you how to export BOM’S from DxDe-signer. There are several op onal output formats available but for this exercise we will focus on crea ng an HTML output fi le format.

Partlister A ribute Selec on

❶❶ Select the Columns tab.❷❷ Place the cursor into the A ribute Fields area, select

the RMB and you will be able to add, remove and modify the order of the a ribute columns included in the output.

Adding An A ribute

❶❶ To add or remove a ributes, place the cursor over one of the a ributes in the list and select the RMB. This will enable a popup menu that will allow you to select an ac on.

❷❷ Selec ng the “Add at End” op on adds a new a ribute to the end of the list of a ributes to be extracted. The “Add Here” op on adds an a ribute at the posi on currently selected

❸❸ Select the Add at End selec on.❹❹ Enter the Property Name DESCRIPTION.

Note: This dialog is Context sensi ve. Be sure to use upper case for Property Names.

❺ ❺ Enter the Column Label name Descrip on.❻❻ Enter a Column width of 50.❼❼ Click OK to keep the selec ons.

Genera ng the BOM (Bill of Materials)

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Edi ng An A ribute

❶❶ Place the cursor over the property name COST.❷❷ Select the RMB followed by selec ng Edit.❸❸ Change the Property Name from C0ST to COST.

Note: COST is spelled with a Zero and it should be an O.

Increasing the Page Size

❶❶ Keep in mind if you add addi onal a ributes you may have to increase the page size. To do this, select the Page tab and enter the appropriate values for Length. For this exercise set it to 150.

Genera ng the BOM (Bill of Material)

Specifying the Output Type

❶❶ Select the Se ngs tab.❷❷ You can setup the desired output type (Excel, Plain Text,

HTML or Delimited Text) by selec ng the pull-down located next to the “Type” parameter. Set this output to Plain Text.

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Run the Partlister

❶❶ Using the LMB select Run at the bo om of the Part Lister.

❷❷ At the prompt to “Save Before Running?” select OK.❸❸ With the LMB select the “View” bu on to review the

results.❹❹ Expand the View of the BOM to fi t the full screen.

Note: This is just one example of a BOM. Many diff erent formats can be created including a Comma Delimited version that can be opened inside excel or other Windows applica- ons.

❺ ❺ Select File/Exit to close the Notepad fi le.

❻❻ Select File/Exit to exit the BOM dialog.

Genera ng the BOM (Bill of Materials)

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This exercise will walk you through the process of selec ng a net for simula on, reviewing Simula on Models assigned in De-signer, impor ng a net into HyperLynx, performing an analysis and saving the results for future use


DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx LineSim 89

Lesson 10: DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx LineSim Using LineSim Link and Simula on

DxDesigner LineSim LinkDxDesigner LineSim Link can export a net to HyperLynx Lin-eSim for pre-layout simula on.❶❶ In DxDesigner Select File > Open > Project and select

C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson10\Lesson10.prj. ❷❷ Using the LMB, double click the schema c called COR-

PORATE in the Project Navigator.❸❸ Using the LMB, double click on ‘memory’ in the project

tree

❹❹ Using the MMB zoom around upper le IC shown on ‘memory’ page

❺ ❺ Using the LMB select the IC U14. In the Proper espane review the Simula on models assigned (you may need to scroll down to see it).

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DxDesigner LineSim Link (con nued)

❻❻ Using the LMB select net DATA_BUS0 star ng from U14.13. When the net highlights, click the RMB and select LineSim Link from the menu.

❼❼ In the LineSim Link dialog, select Load Data from DxDesigner and check the radio bu on Complete Schema c (export including interconnec ons) in the Schema c Contents sec on. Note: In the LineSim dialog the user can change parameters to the Transmission Line Proper es. We will not make any changes and use the default se ngs.

❽❽ In the LineSim Link dialog, select the Schema c Topol-ogy tab where we will review the drivers and receivers for this net. Expand both Electrical Net 1 and DATA-BUS0 by selec ng the [+] next to each of them. Select the U11.M26 pin and change it from a receiver to a driver by selec ng Change Direc on in Pin sec on.

❾❾ In the LineSim Link dialog, switch back to Op ons tab and select Export to HyperLynx. This will launch Hyper-Lynx LineSim with this net loaded for simula on and models assigned from DxDesigner.

❿ ❿ In HyperLynx, select the Edit Stackup bu on. The cross sec on of the future board is defi ned as a 6 layer board and we will use it as is.

DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx LineSim90

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⓫⓫ In HyperLynx, select the Run Interac ve Simula on bu on and select the Rising Edge radio bu on. Make sure diff erent colors are assigned to the probes, and select Start Simula on.

⓬ ⓬ Using the LMB, click two points in the Oscilloscope window as shown at the top and bo om of the overshoot of the waveform to review the span of the voltage overshoot. Receivers have a lot of voltage over-shoot (about 2.9V).

⓭⓭ We want to save results of simula on for future use with the routed board. In the Digital Oscilloscope win-dow, select the Save/Load bu on, select the HyperL-ynx .LIS radio bu on and then click the Save As bu on. Save the fi le with name DATA_BUS0_no_termina on.lis.

DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx LineSim 91

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⓮⓮ To fi x the Signal Integrity problems, we will add RC Termina on to the U28.13 receiver. Select the Add RC Termina on bu on and posi on the top of the resistor so that it touches the le blue dot at the output of TL2 .

⓯⓯ To assign values to terminators, select the Run Termi-nator Wizard bu on. Select the Apply Tolerance pull down and use the 5% se ng. Select the Apply Values bu on to assign the value to the terminators and select the OK bu on.

⓰⓰ Rerun the simula on with RC Termina on and the values assigned. You will no ce that we cut down the overshoot by more than double (about 1.25V). We can con nue to refi ne it to make it be er but we will leave as is.

⓱⓱ Save the results as we did in Step 12 with fi le name: DATA_BUS0_terminated.lis.

DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx LineSim92

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This exercise will walk you through the process of simula ng with HyperLynx Analog. Assigning simula on models to compo-nents, and running DC, transient, and AC simula ons.Simula ng circuits prior to or concurrently with pcb design en-sures the circuit works right the fi rst me by elimina ng wiring

DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx Analog 93

Lesson 11: DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx Analog


and polarity errors. HyperLynx Analog is easy to use, fast to setup and no longer requires library prepara on.For a video demo, using a similar circuit for the features in this lesson and more, see: h p://www.mentor.com/products/pcb-system-design/mul media/be er-pcb-analog-design-webinar

HyperLynx Analog SetupThis sec on will demonstrate how to use the simula on capabili- es of HyperLynx Analog.❶❶ In DxDesigner, select File > Open > Project and select C:\

PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson11\Lesson11.prj. ❷❷ Using the DxDesigner menu, turn on the licensing for Hy-

perLynx Analog:a. Setup > Licensing > HyperLynx Analog and Press OK.b. The HyperLynx Analog toolbar should appear. If not use the DxDesigner Menu, View > Toolbars > HLA Simula on.

❸❸ Using the LMB, double click on ‘Inst_Amp’ in the Navigator Block sec on.

❹❹ Click the Testbench Op ons bu on, the le most bu on on the HyperLynx Analog toolbar.In the Testbench Op ons: Inst_Amp dialog, select the HyperLynx Analog radio bu on and OK.

❺❺ This step is op onal for a demo, if you have me constraints, it has been completed.

The passive components have had SPICE proper es added. but if the proper es are not in a library, it is easy to add the SPICE proper es to the capacitors C1 and C2. Select C1 and RMB on the symbols and select Simula on Model Proper- es to view that a model is assigned as Built In (Spice). C2

While C1 is s ll selected verify Select the Capacitors and in the Proper es Window, verify Order=VALUE$ and VALUE=0.22u.

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DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx Analog94

Adding SPICE Proper esThis step is op onal for the evalua on, if you have me con-straints, it has been completed.❶❶ Add the SPICE proper es to the Op Amp. Go to www.ana-

log.com, search for ad8638 spice and download the SPICE model (a copy AD8638.cir is in the project directory)

❷❷ Select the DxDesigner menu, Tools > Convert PSPICE librar-ies, and select the downloaded fi le. The fi le AD8638.cir has been saved in the project directory.This converts the fi le to one with an HLA prefi x, and .lib suffi x.

❸❸ Select the fi rst OPAMP and RMB Simula on Model Dialog.❹❹ Con nue adding the SPICE proper es to the op amp...

• Select SPICE from the dropdown• Select the Model File radio bu on• Browse to the converted model fi le, HLA_AD8638.lib• Select AD8638

❺ ❺ Press OK, to close Model Proper es, but stay in the Simula- on Model Proper es dialog.

❻❻ Con nuing on adding the SPICE proper es to the op amp…Select the Pin Mapping tab, and then View Model bu on, and arrange it to see the pin numbers.Press OK when fi nished.

❼❼ For the remaining 3 OPAMPS, make assignmets for each in the Spice Model Proper es. The pin assignment changes made for the fi rst opamp will be cached. Simply RMB on the opamp symbol, select Spice Model Proper es and press OK to a ach the model to the symbol.

❽❽ Select all 4 opamps, and verify the Proper es, especially the Order property . Verify this property: Order=Model$

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1. Unselect incorrect items to create a list

2. Select the correct pinout from the list

ecctt

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DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx Analog

Se ng Up the Signal SourcesThis step is op onal for the evalua on, if you have me con-straints, it has been completed. Simply open the source dialog to show how sources can be prepared.❶❶ Here we will setup the signal sources; this is done by

ac va ng the Sources bu on.❷❷ We will add 2 DC sources.❸❸ Add VDD as a DC source at 10V with input nodes of

PWR and 0, 0 is the GND node.❹❹ Add Off set as a DC source at 5V with input nodes of

NEG_INPUT and 0.❺ ❺ The result appear as shown in the Sources dialog.❻❻ Add a third source, this will be a combina on source

with DC, AC and Transient proper es❼❼ The completed Sources dialog should appear as shown.

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96 DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx Analog

Edi ng the Simula on Dialog

❶❶ The fi nal setup step is to edit the Simula on dialog by pressing the Simulate Design bu on.

❷❷ Review the Simula ons informa on.❸❸ Review the DC Analysis informa on.❹❹ Review the Time Domain Analysis informa on.❺ ❺ Review the Frequency Analysis informa on.❻❻ Review the Opera ng Point Values informa on.❼❼ Press the Simulate bu on.❽❽ Review the results in the output window

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DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx Analog

Back Annota on to the Schema cShow the Back annota on on the schema c by:❶❶ LMB click the schema c window, to make it the ac ve

window.❷❷ LMB click the Show Back Annota on bu on.❸❸ LMB click on schema c again.

Viewing the Results in EZwave

❶❶ When simula on completes, EZWave opens automa -cally, it can also be opened with the toolbar.

❷❷ Select AC to show the waveform names in the lower le window pane and drag V(amp_out) onto the work-space to view the AC results.

❸❸ Select TRAN to show the transient waveform results and drag (Vamp_out) next to Workspace1 to create a new Transient waveform window.

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98 DxDesigner Integra on with HyperLynx Analog

Using the Measurement Tool

❶❶ Use the Measurement tool, Tools > Measurement to fi nd the Peak to Peak voltage and the frequency.

❷❷ Select the Measurement type.Hint: Select desired waveform and press this bu on to as-sign.

❸❸ The measurement annota on can be selected and moved to view.For more power, EzWave has a tutorial, see Help >Tuto-rial!

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This exercise will walk you through the process of crea ng a netlist and sending the design to PADS for Layout. In addi on you will see how to save yourself me and eff ort using a power-

So ware Integra onDxDesigner has the ability to netlist to many diff erent layout sys-tems. This lesson will walk you through Forward and Backward Annota on with PADS Layout.

ful feature known as cross-probing. This allows you to easily select parts in DxDesigner and then see those parts ready for placement in PADS.

Lesson 12: DxDesigner and PADS Layout Integra on

DxDesigner and PADS Layout Integra on 99


PCB Forward Annota on Automated Process A second, way to pass data into PADS Layout is through DxDe-signer Link. This is available within PADS Layout from the menu Tools > DxDesigner.

Connec ng Applica ons with DxDesigner Link

❶❶ Open PADS Layout by clicking on the PADS Layout icon on the Desktop (or by selec ng it from the Windows Start bu on > Programs > Mentor Graphics SDD > PADS 9.XX > Design Layout & Rou ng > PADS Layout).Note: This loca on may vary depending on the install direc-tory and version of PADS Layout so ware. Make the appro-priate adjustments based on the installa on.

❷❷ Split the screen so you have half the screen with DxDe-signer and half the screen with PADS Layout.

❸❸ From the PADS Layout pull down menu, select File > Open.

❹❹ Browse for C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson12\Les-son12.pcb and select the Open bu on.

❺ ❺ From the PADS Layout pull down menu, select Tools > DxDesigner…

❻❻ The DxDesigner link dialog will pop up.❼❼ In the “DxDesigner Project File” fi eld, select the

Browse bu on and search for the C:\PADS_ES_Evalu-a on\Lesson12\Lesson12.prj fi le. Select the Connect bu on to establish the link.

❽❽ You have now established a bi-direc onal link between the applica ons.

DxDesigner and PADS Layout Integra on

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Forward Annota ng the Design to PADS Layout

❶❶ Select the Browse bu on in the “Forward/Backward confi gura on fi le” por on of the dialog. Select the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Libs\padsNetlist.cfg confi gura- on fi le.

Note: From this window, you can Forward Annotate a netlist fi le to create a new PCB or forward an ECO to update an exis ng pcb fi le. You can also Backward Annotate changes from the PCB Layout to the Schema c. The last op on is to Compare a schema c with a PCB layout and report the diff er-ences.

❷❷ Select the Forward to PCB bu on from the DxDesigner Link dialog.

❸❸ Set the parameters in the Forward Annota on dialog as shown.

❹❹ Select OK to start the netlist passing ac vity.Note: The next window should indicate that the events were successful by placing a check next to each item. If there was a problem, an X would appear instead of the check. Then, you could select Show PCB.err or Show Report to see what the problem was.Note: During the Forward Annota on process, PADS Layout may remove single pin nets from the connec vity list as they are not candidates for rou ng. If an error report appears, read the contents to familiarize yourself with the types of reports that PADS Layout provides, and then close it

❺ ❺ Select Close to exit the Process Indicator window.❻❻ Now minimize the DxDesigner Link window by selec ng

the Minimize bu on located in the upper right corner of the DxDesigner Link dialog.


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Dispersing Components

❶❶ From the PADS Layout pull down menu, select Tools > Disperse Components

❷❷ At the prompt, select Yes to start dispersing compo-nents.

❸❸ At the prompt, select Yes to allow undo.No ce the parts disperse around the board outline.


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Cross ProbingExperiment selec ng components and nets in either the sche-ma c or the PCB layout and watch the other program automa -cally highlight the corresponding item.Note: The cross probing func onality is supported in the DxDesigner pane windows as well as the PADS Layout window.



Selec ng and Placing a Single Part

❶❶ In DxDesigner, enable the Navigator dialog (if not already visible). Select the memory sheet in the list of sheets. Note: You can use the PGDN keyboard key as well to switch sheets.

❷❷ In PADS Layout, select the Design bu on located on the main toolbar, to open it.

❸❸ From the design toolbar that just opened, select the Move bu on.

❹❹ From within the DxDesigner memory sheet, select the component shown.

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104 DxDesigner and PADS Layout Integra on


Selec ng and Placing a Single Part (con nued)

❺ ❺ Move your cursor over to PADS Layout and watch the part come to your cursor. It is ready for placement.

❻❻ Select the LMB to place the part anywhere within the board outline. Go back to DxDesigner and select a dif-ferent component on this page.

❼❼ Move your cursor over to PADS Layout a second me and watch the part come to your cursor again. This interac ve feature improves your placement effi ciency drama cally.

❽❽ Again, using the LMB, place the second part some-where on the board.

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Selec ng a Diff erent Schema c Page

❶❶ From within PADS Layout, select the Select Mode but-ton from the Design Toolbar. (It is located next to the move bu on you selected previously.)

❷❷ Go back to DxDesigner. Using the LMB select an empty area on the screen.

❸❸ Hit the PAGE Dn keyboard key to jump to the next page.

Selec ng and Placing Mul ple PartsYou can use the following procedure to quickly select and place all components related to each other on a single page.

Se ng the Selec on Filter

❶❶ Pick the Selec on Filter Bu on found in DxDesigner View toolbar.

❷❷ Uncheck the All selec on.❸❸ Check only the Symbol fi lter.❹❹ Select the Close bu on in the upper right to close the

Selec on Filter dialog.


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Group Selec on in DxDesigner

❶❶ While on the schema c sheet control_buff ers, select all the components associated with the CLK CONTROL SYSTEM circuit (as shown). Note: This can be accomplished by pressing and holding the LMB while dragging to create a selec on box which can be used to surround the en re circuit.

❷❷ This will select all the equivalent parts inside the PADS Layout via the OLE object linking capability.

❸❸ Move the cursor into the PADS Layout window

Move Sequen al

❶❶ Select the RMB and select Move Sequen al from the pop-up menu.

❷❷ At the prompt to Proceed with next object, select Yes to All.Note: One of the components selected in the schema c will now warp to your cursor, ready to be placed. No ce the equivalent part is also selected in DxDesigner.

❸❸ With the part located at the cursor, and the cursor over PADS Layout, select the RMB followed by Rotate 90 from the pop-up menu.

❹❹ Using the mouse, place the component somewhere on the board. The part can be release from the cursor by clicking the LMB in the desired placement loca on.


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Move Sequen al (con nued)

❺ ❺ Watch as the next component comes to your cursor. Place this component somewhere on the board near the other one.Note: The order of the parts moving to the cursor may vary based on selec on order in the schema c. You also have the op on to place parts in alphabe cal order (this is the default).

❻❻ The next part snaps to your cursor and is highlighted in DxDesigner. Select the RMB followed by Flip Sides to move the part to the bo om side of the design.

❼❼ To complete the placement process on any remaining parts simply move the cursor to the desired loca on followed by selec ng the LMB.

❽❽ From within the PADS Layout applica on, select File/Exit to close PADS Layout.

❾❾ At the prompt “Save before qui ng”, select No.❿❿ From within DxDesigner, select the File/Exit to close

out DxDesigner.


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Placement & Rou ng with PADS Layout

In this sec on:

Environment Se ng Up a New Design Crea ng a New Component Placement Rules and Constraints Interac ve Rou ng Crea ng Plane Layers RF Related Op ons Verifi ca on

109

Lesson 13: The PADS Layout Environment

Welcome ScreenThe PADS Welcome screen is a collec on of helpful links that will help you to become a PADS expert very quickly. This screen contains tutorial informa on, videos, help features and a concept guide to help minimize the learning curve. This content will help you to become produc ve in a very short me.❶❶ Open PADS Layout so ware by either clicking on the

PADS Layout icon located on the desktop or by select-ing it from the Start > Programs > Mentor Graphics SDD > PADS9.XX > PCB Layout > PADS Layout pull-down.

❷❷ Now that PADS Layout is open we can make ourselves familiar with the working environment. Let’s take a look at the Welcome screen.NOTE: Do not select “Start a New Design” or “Open a Design” item at this me. Just review the content. If you select either of these items you will need to close and restart PADS Layout to gain access to this welcome screen again.

❸❸ Select Help and take note of all of the resources avail-able. From the Help menu select Documenta on and open the InfoHub to see addi onal documents for all products in the fl ow and links to customer support on SupportNet.

❹❹ Select Help > Modeless Command to gain access to all the modeless keyboard commands available to PADS Layout. These are quick access tool func ons available from your keyboard.

This sec on will walk you through the PADS Layout user inter-face. You will become familiar with PADS Layout’s legendary “Ease of Use” design environment. Topics covered include: the

Welcome screen, the use of toolbars, mouse func ons, mode-less commands and hot-keys. There are many ways to accom-plish your design tasks with minimal eff ort.

Explore the Welcome Screen• You can start a new design by selec ng the “Start a New

Design” folder shown at the top of the window. • There is a lis ng of recently opened designs located in the

“Open a Design” sec on of the Welcome screen. This will provide quick access to designs you have worked on.

• You have access to Quick Start Guides and Tutorials from within this main screen.

• PADS Layout and Router help documents will help answer any ques ons you may have on the PADS products.

• There is a Concept Guide to help with advanced ques ons

PADS Layout Environment110

Placement and Rou ng with PADS Layout


PADS Layout Environment 111

Menus Toolbars WorkspaceProject

Explorer

Status Bar Output Window

Toolbars

PADS Layout Environment

The Standard Toolbar

The Dra ing Toolbar

Open Layer CycleDesign Toolbar

ECO Toolbar

Undo

RedrawZoom

Save Proper es Dra ing Toolbar

Dimensioning Toolbar

BGA Toolbar

Redo Board

Import DXF FileHatchText

From Library

Plane Area Cut OutCopper

Copper Pour

Board Outline & Cut Out

Select Mode

2D Line Copper Cut Out

Copper Pour

Cut Out

Keepout Flood Plane Area

Add New Label

Dra ing Op ons

Auto Plane

Separate

Output Window

Project Explorer Window

Route

112


Toolbars (con nued)

PADS Layout Environment

The Design Toolbar

The Dimensioning Toolbar

AlignedAngularHorizontal Leader

Select Mode

ArcVer cal RotatedAuto-dimension

Radial Move

Move Reference

DesignatorsSelect Mode

Add Corner

Add RouteSpin

Sketch Route

Rotate Swap Part

Move Split Dynamic Route

View Clusters

Make Like Reuse

Auto Route

Bus Route

Add Jumper

Add Test Point

Design Op ons

Dimension Op ons

113

Naviga on

Keyboard KeysThere are several keyboard keys that act as short-cuts. Let’s review just a few.❶❶ Select and hold down the Arrow Keys to move the cur-

sor at grid increments.❷❷ Click the Page Up and Page Down keys to change the

zoom level.❸❸ Click the Home key to zoom around the en re board.

Modeless CommandsModeless commands are a more effi cient alterna ve to menus. Modeless commands are ac vated by selec ng a key on the keyboard prior to or during an ac vity. The Modeless command dialog can be deac vated by selec ng the ESC key.❶❶ Select the W key and no ce the Width modeless com-

mand dialog appears.❷❷ Select the L key and no ce the Layer modeless com-

mand dialog appears.❸❸ Full lists of Modeless commands are available. Experi-

ment with the modeless commands available in the Help > Modeless Commands pull-down.

PADS Layout Environment114

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Open a Design File for Reviewing Commands

❶❶ Select the Windows Start > Program > Mentor Graph-ics SDD > PADS 9.XX > Design Layout and Rou ng > PADS Layout or double-click the PADS Layout icon on your desktop.

❷❷ Select File > Open. Browse to the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua- on\Lesson13\Lesson13.pcb.

This will open a design fi le so that you can experiment with some of the PADS Layout naviga on commands.


Mouse Usage This topic will explain the various ways the mouse can be used to manipulate PADS. The mouse bu ons will ac vate diff erent menus depending upon the selec on.❶❶ The LMB (Le Mouse Bu on) can be used to select

things by clicking on them. Select the BGA as show below using the LMB.

❷❷ The RMB (Right Mouse Bu on) is used to ac vate pop-up menus containing lists of func ons available for the selected object. The content of these menus will change based on the selected object.

❸❸ With the BGA selected click the RMB to view the op- ons in the pop-up menu.

Note: When the RMB is ac vated (without anything selected) it brings up a selec on fi lter that can be used to fi lter your selec on criteria.

❹❹ The MMB (Middle Mouse Bu on) is used to either zoom in or zoom out. Click and hold the MMB while dragging toward the upper le . This creates zoom-in box around the area which will now be visible.

❺ ❺ Click the MMB and hold it to drag the cursor toward the lower right. This will ini ate a zoom out box. The amount you zoom out is based on the rela onal size of the outer box to the inner box that is created during the zoom out process.

❻❻ Select the Alt key + Scroll wheel forward/backward to move the display window in the ver cal plane.

❼❼ Select the Shi key + Scroll wheel forward/ backward to move the display along the horizontal plane.

❽❽ When you have fi nished experimen ng with the naviga- on features and commands, close the design fi le.

PADS Layout Environment 115

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Lesson 14: Se ng Up a New Design

Drawing the Board Outline

❶❶ Select File > New to open a new PCB instance. ❷❷ At the Prompt to Set Start-up File select System Default

Start-up fi le, followed by the OK bu on.❸❸ Select the Dra ing bu on❹❹ Select the Board Outline and Cutout bu on❺ ❺ Click the RMB and select the shape you wish to draw

with. For this exercise select Polygon.❻❻ Type G <space> 1❼❼ Type S <space> 0 <space> 0

(Note: <space> indicates to push the space bar. This will place the cursor at the origin of the design.)

❽❽ Click the Space Bar to drop the fi rst corner at the origin loca on.

❾❾ Type S <space> 0 <space> 3300 for the second corner loca on.

❿❿ Click Space Bar again to drop the second corner.⓫⓫ Follow the same steps for the remaining corners shown in

the table (you have already entered the fi rst two):

⓬⓬ Click the RMB followed by Complete to fi nish the board outline. The end result should appear as shown.Note: To save me, the completed outline can be opened at C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson14\Lesson14(Board Outline).pcb.

Crea ng a board outline for your PCB Layout is cri cal. PADS Layout will allow you to create board outlines of any shape including round, rectangular and irregular polygons.Cutouts and keep-outs can also be added to help manage more complex board requirements. Cutouts create void areas in the board outline while keep-outs are u lized to for placement and rou ng requirements.

All shapes (including board outlines) can be generated using coordinates entered manually as well as with the mouse iden fy-ing each coordinate.

Se ng Up a New Design116

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Board Outline Coordinates

X Coordinate Y Coordinate

0 00 3300

6133 3300

6133 324

4720 324

4720 0

2248 0

2248 324

2175 324

2175 0

1606 0

1606 324

590 324

590 0

0 0

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6133


Modifying the Board OutlineBoard outlines can be edited, but in order to do so, the proper selec on fi lter must be enabled. Once the selec on fi lter is set for Board Outline, then you can select the board outline and make the desired modifi ca ons.You can add corners to a board outline, you can add arcs to a board outline and you can change the width of a board out-line all at the snap of a fi nger.❶❶ Click the RMB (with nothing selected).❷❷ Select the Select Board Outline entry from the pop-up

menu.❸❸ Select any board outline edge and no ce it highlights.❹❹ Once the edge is select, click the RMB and no ce the

edi ng choices available.❺ ❺ Select Add Corner and no ce you can add corners to

the side you edited❻❻ Select the ESC key to abort the last command.❼❼ Click the RMB again and select Pull Arc. No ce you are

now stretching an arc on one side of the board outline.

Se ng Up a New Design 117

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Lesson 15: Crea ng Component Informa on

Crea ng a New ComponentCrea ng components in PADS Layout is quick and easy. Components can either be created with wizards or manually depending on the complexity of the device. Devices are made up of two pieces: the electrical informa on (Part Type) and the physical informa on (Decal). In this exercise we will build components using the decal wizard and then show how easily they can be modifi ed.❶❶ Select the File > Library pull-down menu.❷❷ From the Library dialog select the Decal bu on.❸❸ Click the Pull-down arrow in the Library list (located at

the top of the dialog).❹❹ Select the Usr Library.❺ ❺ Click the New bu on to begin crea ng a new symbol.

Click Close.No ce the PADS Layout background changes to an empty view.

This lesson will walk you through crea ng a PCB Layout decal and the associated electrical informa on that will represent the part when it is added to the circuit board. It will cover us-ing wizards to create both the physical representa on as well as the electrical part informa on.

Crea ng Component Informa on118

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Crea ng a Decal with the Decal WizardThere are two types of wizards available in PADS Layout. The fi rst wizard is for crea ng PADS Decals. A Decal is a part footprint or the physical descrip on of the part. The following steps show how easy it is to make a PADS Decal.❶❶ Select the Dra ing bu on.❷❷ Select the Wizard bu on.❸❸ Select the Quad tab. No ce the required parameters

are specifi c to the defi ni on of a Quad Flat Pack device.❹❹ Set the parameters so they match the se ngs defi ned

in the dialog below. Use zoom in your PDF reader if you have having trouble seeing the se ngs in this graphic.

❺ ❺ Select the Wizard Op ons bu on.❻❻ Use the Decal Wizard Op ons Global tab to enable or

disable supplemental documenta on layers and set- ngs.

❼❼ Use the Decal Wizard Op ons Package Types tab to set the defaults for each of the package types used by the Decal Calculator.

❽❽ Select the OK bu on once all the edits have been made. No ce how quickly you have created a 400 pin quad fl at pack.

Crea ng Component Informa on 119

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Crea ng Component Informa on120

Crea ng a Decal with the Decal Wizard (con nued)

❾❾ Select File > Save > Decal.❿❿ Enter QuadFlatpack+<your ini als>.

Note: Do not use any spaces in the fi lename.

⓫⓫ At the prompt "Would you like to create a new Part Type", click Yes.

⓬⓬ Click OK to accept the defaults.⓭ ⓭ At the prompt to "Save Part Type to Library", select OK

to accept the defaults.⓮⓮ Select File > Exit Decal Editor to close the decal.

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Modifying Decals and Part Types

❶❶ Select File > Library to open the Library Manager again.❷❷ Click the Decals bu on.❸❸ Enter Quad* in the Filter sec on followed by selec ng

Apply.❹❹ Select the Part type called Quadfl atpack<your ini al>

followed by clicking the Edit bu on.❺ ❺ Click Edit Part.❻❻ No ce the Electrical informa on appears for your part

type.❼❼ This is where you can set the PCB Decal you would like

to assign using the PCB Decal tab. You can also defi ne the gate swapping capabili es (GATES Tab), the pin swapping capabili es (PINS Tab), custom a ributes (AT-TRIBUTES Tab) and Alpha numeric pin defi ni ons (PIN MAPPING Tab). Open each tab and review the content.

❽❽ Click OK once you have reviewed each tab and its con-tent. Change informa on if you like but do not save the modifi ca ons.


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121Crea ng Component Informa on

Lesson 16: Placement

Open a Design File for Placement

❶❶ Select File > Open. Browse to the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua- on\Lesson16\Lesson16A.pcb.

❷❷ Go to File > Library… > Manage Lib List and make sure C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Libs\Corporate is at the top of the list. If it is not then you can add it by clicking Add… and browsing to the appropriate loca on.

❸❸ Select File > Import to import C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lessons\Evalua onStart.asc. Select the Open but-ton to complete the process of impor ng the project netlist.Note: You have imported your netlist into PADS Layout. Do-ing so required the Parts libraries to be available and now you can see the decals are at the board origin loca on (0,0) as shown in the screen shot.

This is not the typical import method used with DxDe-signer. For DxDesigner you would use Tools > DxDe-signer Link to import your schema c design into PADS.

This lesson will show you how to place parts in PADS Layout. Placement can be driven from the schema c or directly within PADS Layout. Cross-probing from the schema c is one way to quickly and easily target specifi c parts for placement. You will select the part in the schema c and it will automa cally snap to the cursor in PADS Layout allowing you to quickly place based on the part loca on defi ned in the schema c. This is available from either PADS Logic or DxDesigner.When placing parts within PADs Layout you may chose a stan-dard select-and-drag method or you may use the Verb mode. The select-and-drag method allows you to select the desired

part and use the cursor to drag it to a new loca on. If using the Verb mode you can select the part and it will automa cally snap to the cursor for placement. Modeless commands are also available to drive placement in conjunc on with Verb mode. If you enter the Verb mode and then ini ate the modeless command, the specifi ed part will snap to the cursor ready for placement.Parts can be rotated, spun, fl ipped and glued on an individual basis or as a group. Parts can also be placed at specifi c coor-dinates using either a Proper es dialog box or via a modeless command (SS).

Placement122

Placement 123


Manually Place a ComponentManually placing parts can be a lengthy process. Using features of PADS to reduce placement me will help reduce the overall design me. This exercise will review op ons to improve placement effi ciency.❶❶ Select Edit > Find.❷❷ Select the Ref Des prefi x U followed by the Ref Des U1.❸❸ Click the Apply bu on and no ce the part highlights.❹❹ Click the RMB and select the Move command from the

pop-up menu. No ce the part snaps to the cursor.

❺ ❺ Click the ESC key to abort the Move command.❻❻ Select the Ctrl + E hotkey and no ce the part again

snaps to the cursor.❼❼ With a part moving with the cursor, enter the mode-

less command S <space> 3000 <space> 3000 <enter>. Where <space>=spacebar and <enter> is the Enter keyboard key. No ce the part moves to the X=3000 Y=3000 loca on.

❽❽ Click the Spacebar to place the part at that loca on. Now you are free to move the cursor and to place another part.

❾❾ Select the Cancel bu on on the Find dialog to close that dialog.

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Disperse the Components

❶❶ Select Tools > Disperse Components from the menu.❷❷ At the prompt “OK to start dispersion?” click the Yes

bu on.❸❸ At the prompt “Do you want to be able to undo this

ac on” click the Yes bu on.Note: This will automa cally move all components outside the board outline.

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Placement 125

Select and Move a Component

❶❶ Click the Design bu on from the main toolbar.❷❷ Click the Move bu on to enable the Verb mode com-

mand.❸❸ Enter SS <space> U1. No ce the part snaps to the cur-

sor and is ready for placement.❹❹ Click the LMB to place the part in the desired loca on.

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Placement126

Group Selec on and Placement

❶❶ Click the Select bu on.❷❷ Group-select the components in the upper le by drag-

ging a selec on box around them. To do so click and hold the LMB and drag.

❸❸ Use Ctrl + E and no ce they all move with the cursor.❹❹ Use the ESC key to abort the move command.❺ ❺ Click the RMB and select Flip Side from the pop-up

menu.Note: All the parts fl ip to the bo om side.

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Placement 127

Radial PlacementPADS Layout has the ability to place parts in a radial array. The array can be defi ned and refi ned as needed for op mal placement and rou ng. The radial array rou ne has auto calculators available for Angle Ranges, Delta Angles, required Start Angles as well as a Maximum number of sites. Any of these categories can be locked to allow for auto-calcula on of the remaining parameters.❶❶ Select File > Open. Open C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Les-

son16\Lesson16B.pcb.❷❷ RMB and set the fi lter Select Components.❸❸ Area select the components to the right of the board

outline.❹❹ RMB > Radial Move.

No ce a radial grid appears and the components snap to it.

❺ ❺ RMB > Radial Move Setup…❻❻ Confi gure the Radial Move Setup to match the se ngs

below.❼❼ Stretch the components so they form 3 rows toward

the board outline.❽❽ Using the MMB, zoom into a sec on of the pads while

you are placing. You will no ce a fi ner grid appears when you zoom in.

❾❾ Click the LMB when you are ready to set the compo-nents down.

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Placement128

Lesson 17: Rules and Constraints

Defi ne Default Design RulesDefi ning design rules is an essen al part of design prepara- on. Default design rules are used to set proper clearances

that apply to all items in a design. You will also defi ne the permi ed rou ng layers and vias for the design.❶❶ Select File > Open. Browse to and open C:\PADS_ES_

Evalua on\Lesson17\Lesson17.pcb.❷❷ Select Setup > Design Rules.❸❸ Select the Default bu on.❹❹ Select the Clearance bu on.❺ ❺ Select the All bu on and set the new design rule clear-

ance to 5 mils.No ce the items in the Clearance sec on of the dialog change to the new se ng.

❻❻ Set the Recommended Trace width to 5 mils as well❼❼ Click OK once the design rule changes have been made.

Design Rules are the heart of a design. Without design rules Designers might waste me on component placement and trace rou ng which will not func on properly. Design rules can be net rules, pin-pair rules, class rules, group rules, diff eren al pair

rules and Item-to-Item or Condi onal Rules. Rules can include clearance rules, special layer rules, trace length and more. De-sign rules can be unique for each applica on. In this lesson we will inves gate how to assign design rules.

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Rules and Constraints 129

Defi ne Default Design Rules (con nued)

❽❽ Select the Rou ng bu on to enable layers for rou ng.❾❾ Select Component Side Layer 1, Rou ng Layer 2, Rout-

ing Layer 5 and Solder Side Layer 6 followed by clicking the Add bu on. Dong so will enable these layers for rou ng.

❿❿ Repeat the same steps to enable the STANDARDVIA and TESTPOINT vias as available vias.

⓫⓫ Click OK once you are done.

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Crea ng a Class RuleCrea ng class rules is an easy way to apply a common rule to mul ple nets without having to redefi ne the same design rules over and over again for each net.❶❶ Click the Class bu on.❷❷ Enter in the Name Class 1 followed by clicking the Add

bu on.❸❸ From the Nets Available column, select the net called

IMP_D0.❹❹ Scroll down un l you can see the net IMP_D0. Hold

the Shi key and LMB when you select IMP_D7. No ce it selects all the nets in a range.

❺ ❺ Click the Add bu on to move them over into the Se-lected column.

❻❻ Click the Clearance bu on so you can assign custom spacing between Class1 and all other items in the design.

❼❼ Click the All bu on and assign a custom clearance requirement of 10 mils.

❽❽ Set a custom Trace Width of 10 mils to the class as well.

❾❾ Click OK on both dialog boxes to exit the Class defi ni- on.

Rules and Constraints130

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Se ng Diff eren al Pair RulesSe ng diff eren al pair rules is one of the most common design constraints being used today. They are becoming more common due to the popularity of SERDES interfaces for high-speed design.❶❶ Select the Diff eren al Pairs bu on.❷❷ Select the net Bsync+. Click the Select bu on in the

upper middle area of the dialog to assign the fi rst net of the diff eren al pair.

❸❸ Select the net called Bsync-. Click the lower Select but-ton to assign the second net of the diff eren al pair.

❹❹ Click the ADD bu on to create the diff eren al pair.❺ ❺ Set the GAP to 5 mils.❻❻ Set the Length Min = 5000 and Max = 15000 and click

OK to complete the assignment.

Rules and Constraints 131

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Defi ning Condi onal RulesCondi onal Rules take basic rules to the next level. These rules allow you to assign an item-to-item design rule. That is you can set rules Net-to-Net, Net-to-Class, Class-to-Class, Net per Layer, Class per Layer and more. U lizing this type of constraint provides a higher level of fl exibility o en required for more complex designs.❶❶ Select the Condi onal Rules bu on.❷❷ Click the Nets radio bu on on the Source Rule Object

and select the Clk_IN signal.❸❸ Click the Classes radio bu on on the Against Rule Ob-

jects and select the Class1 name.❹❹ Click the Create bu on and the rule appears in the

Exis ng Rule Set sec on.❺ ❺ Select the rule in the Exis ng Rule Set sec on and

enter a value of 15 in the Current Rule Set sec on of the dialog.

❻❻ When you are done exit out to complete the exercise by clicking Close.

Rules and Constraints132

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Lesson 18: Interac ve Rou ng

Manually Rou ng Traces (DRC OFF)Adding traces to a design is one of the most me consuming elements in printed circuit board layout. Being able to route effi ciently can make-or-break mee ng your project deadline. This exercise will take you through the rou ng op ons avail-able in PADS Layout.❶❶ Select File > Open. Browse to and open C:\PADS_ES_

Evalua on\Lesson18\Lesson18.pcb.❷❷ Using the MMB, zoom into the middle right side of the

design where the 4 SOICs are located.No ce that the connec ons are off set so that overlap-ping connec ons are visible and considered during the route planning process.

❸❸ Select the Design bu on.❹❹ Select the Add Route bu on.❺ ❺ Using the Modeless command type S <space> U10.15.

No ce the cursor moves to this loca on (second pin on top).

PADS Layout off ers a number of op ons for adding trace data to a PCB. There are manual modes that do not error check during the rou ng process, there are manual modes that will error check and prevent DRC (Design Rule Check) errors, there are interac ve auto modes without DRC and there are fully interac- ve auto modes that will not make errors. You can add traces

using an automated method as well as by copying and pas ng.

Batch verifi ca on is available for checking your work at the end regardless of whether DRC was on during rou ng or not. It is always a good idea to run these checks prior to genera ng fi lms.

Interac ve Rou ng 133

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Manually Rou ng Traces (DRC OFF) (con nued)

❻❻ Select pin U10.15 and no ce the connec on converts to a trace. No ce the connec on stays at the end of the trace.

❼❼ Drag the trace over the bo om row of pads and no ce the trace routes right over the pad. Do not add any cor-ners at this point.Note: This is due to the online DRC being turned off .

❽❽ Move the cursor back toward U10.15. Click the LMB, to defi ne ver ces. Add several corners in the trace.

❾❾ Click the ESC key to abort the rou ng process.

Interac ve Rou ng134

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Manually Adding Traces with DRC ONThis topic will review the benefi ts provided by online DRC checks. ❶❶ Type the modeless command DRP to turn on online

DRC.❷❷ Select the Dynamic Route bu on.❸❸ Select U10.15 again and no ce the trace starts rou ng

again.No ce the corners are added automa cally.

❹❹ Hold the Shi key + LMB to add a via.❺ ❺ Press the Backspace key to remove the via.❻❻ Drag the trace toward the lower row of pads on U10.

Drag the trace through the pads. No ce that the trace automa cally goes between the pads eff ortlessly.

❼❼ Drag the trace around and through the pads of U10 in a serpen ne pa ern.Again, no ce how easily the trace fl ows through the pads. Keep in mind that the trace is being added into the design, maintaining all the design rules that were set.

❽❽ Click the RMB, select End Via Mode and End No Via.❾❾ Drag the trace back through the pads un l your route

looks like the one shown.❿❿ Click Ctrl + LMB simultaneously and no ce the trace is

released without adding any vias.


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Rou ng BussesThis exercise will show you how quickly mul ple traces can be routed while manipula ng a single trace.❶❶ Make sure that DRC is on by using the modeless com-

mand DRP.❷❷ Use the MMB to zoom in on U14 in the middle center

of the board.❸❸ Using the modeless command, type S<space>U14.27.

Note the cursor will move to pin 27 making it easy to visually locate it.

❹❹ Click the Bus Route bu on.❺❺ Select U14 pins 27, 28, 29 and 30 by holding down the

LMB while drawing a selc on box around them.❻❻ Begin adding traces up and toward the le as shown.

❼ ❼ Move the fi rst trace toward the le adding a corner us-ing the LMB, as shown below.No ce as you add the fi rst corner the other selected traces catch up.

❽❽ Drag the fi rst trace a bit further toward the le . Click the LMB to add another corner.No ce the other traces catch up again.

❾❾ Press the Tab key and no ce that the lead trace toggles to the next available trace.

❿❿ Stop toggling at the top trace so it becomes the leading trace.


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Rou ng Busses (con nued)

⓫⓫ Move the cursor around the SMD pads just above the new lead trace.

⓬⓬ Click the LMB to add a corner so the following traces can go around the corner and catch up.

⓭⓭ Con nue rou ng the traces ver cally, adding corners with the LMB, as you go.

⓮⓮ Move the lead trace toward the right as shown.⓯ ⓯ Click the LMB + Shi key to add vias to the buss route.⓰⓰ Use the Ctrl+Tab key to toggle between diff erent via

pa erns.⓱⓱ Press the Backspace key to remove any previously

routed undesired traces.⓲⓲ Use the Ctrl key + LMB combina on to end the buss

route.


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Lesson 19: Crea ng Plane Layers

Nega ve Image Planes

❶❶ Select File > Open. Browse to and open C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson19\Lesson19A.pcb.

❷❷ Select Setup >, then Layer Defi ni on from the menu.❸❸ With the LMB, select the layer called GND PLANE

LAYER 3 from the list that appears in the Layers Setup dialog.No ce this layer is defi ned as a CAM Plane layer. This represents a Nega ve Image Plane Layer.

❹❹ Click the Assign Nets bu on and review the net name assigned to this plane layer.No ce the GND net is assigned. This automa cally a aches all through hole pads a ached to this net, to the “Gnd Plane Layer 3” layer. All surface mount pads need to be fanned out to a via so the via can a ach to the inner plane layer.

❺ ❺ Using the MMB, zoom into the row of components located in the bo om le por on of the design.

❻❻ Type N <space> gnd followed by the Enter key.No ce the Gnd net highlights showing you which pads are going to get connected to the GND Layer.

PADS Layout supports mul ple plane types including: posi ve image (WYSIWYG), nega ve image planes and standard pour type planes. Nega ve image planes were common for many years due to display and memory limita ons. Posi ve image and Poured Planes are standard now but PADS Layout con nues to support all three.

Crea ng Plane Layers 139

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Nega ve Image Planes (con nued)

❼❼ Click the RMB, and set the fi lter mode to Select Any-thing.

❽❽ Using the LMB, select any of the highlighted vias, click the RMB and select Proper es.

❾❾ No ce the Check box for Plane Thermal. When this is checked the pad will get a thermal on the nega ve image plane.

❿❿ Select OK to close this dialog.⓫ ⓫ Select the File > Cam pull-down menu.⓬⓬ Select the GND Plane Layer 3 entry from the list.⓭⓭ Click the Preview bu on.

⓮⓮ Using the RMB, create a zoom box around the area where the previously viewed components are located.The pads that will get thermals when the Gerber data is generated.

⓯⓯ Select the Close bu on to close the Preview window.⓰⓰ Select the Close bu on to close the CAM window.

Crea ng Plane Layers140

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Crea ng a Copper Poured PlanePosi ve image plane layers provide a user with the ability to see plane data prior to genera ng Gerber fi les. Posi ve planes are known as “What You See Is What You Get“ (WYSY-WIG).The main diff erence is that you pour the area you wish to fi ll with copper so that anything that appears is copper. With nega ve planes the blank areas will become copper. You can turn on and off the pour area visibility by entering the modeless command PO. This command acts as an Off /On toggle switch.❶❶ Select the modeless command n followed by the Enter

key. This will turn off highlight mode.❷❷ Press the Home key to zoom out around the whole

board.❸❸ From the keyboard type L <space> 1 to change the ac-

ve layer to Layer 1.❹❹ Click the Dra ing bu on.❺ ❺ Click the Copper Pour bu on.❻❻ Click the RMB and select the Rectangle shape type.❼❼ Draw a copper pour shape around an area on Layer 1 as

shown in white.Note: Draw the rectangle by clicking the LMB at the loca on of the fi rst corner, releasing the bu on, and then clicking again with the LMB at the loca on of the opposite corner of the rectangle. (Dragging a rectangle with the LMB will not work for this opera on as the system interprets it as a selec- on box.)

❽❽ Scroll down the popup dialog list un l you see VDD. You may type V to jump to nets star ng with the le er V. Select VDD followed by the OK bu on.


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Copper Poured Planes (con nued)

❾❾ Select the Tools > Pour Manager to bring up the Pour Manager dialog.

❿❿ Once the Manager is open, select the Flood Tab.⓫⓫ Select the Flood All op on followed by the Start but-

ton.⓬⓬ At the Prompt to “Proceed with fl ood?” Click Yes.

No ce the copper pour polygon fi lls.⓭ ⓭ If thermals are not generated for specifi c pads an error

report will appear. Review the content.⓮⓮ Select File > Close to exit the dialog.⓯⓯ Click the Close bu on to exit the Pour Manager and

view the fl ooded area.⓰⓰ Type the modeless command PO to see how to turn off

the pour visibility.⓱⓱ Type PO again to turn it back on and no ce the pour

data returns.


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Crea ng Split/Mixed Planes (Solid)Split/mixed plane layers are posi ve and resemble the copper pour planes we just created. This layer type also uses the Line width and the Hatch grid to determine how the polygon will be fi lled. If you use a larger hatch grid than line width then you will see the polygon appears hatched rather than fi lled. By making the Hatch grid equal to the line width you will see the polygon as solid.To turn the fi ll data on and off you will use the modeless command SPO to turn it off and SPD to turn it on. To show thermal indicators on pads and vias you can use SPI modeless command to control their visibility.❶❶ File > Open to browse to and open C:\PADS_ES_Evalu-

a on\Lesson19\Lesson19A.pcb.❷❷ Type L <space> 4 to change layers so the VDD split/

mixed plane layer is ac ve or select the pull-down ar-row shown on the current Layer selec on, followed by selec ng the (H) VDD Mixed Plane Layer 3 layer.

❸❸ Press the HOME key to see the whole board.

❹❹ With nothing selected RMB and set the selec on fi lter to Select Board Outline.

❺ ❺ Select any side of the board outline and click the RMBand select Select Shape.No ce the en re board outline highlights.


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Crea ng Split/Mixed Planes (Solid) (con nued)

❻❻ Click the RMB followed by selec ng Create Plane Area.No ce an inner outline appears around the inside edge of the board outline.

❼❼ Select the VDD net at the prompt followed by clicking OK.

❽❽ Select the Tools > Pour Manager pull-down.❾❾ Select the Plane Connect Tab.❿ ❿ Click the Start bu on. Click Yes to OK to connect.⓫⓫ Click the Close bu on to close the pour manager dia-

log.⓬⓬ Using the MMB, zoom into the area shown below.

No ce the plane area is solid or fi lled completely.⓭⓭ Select the Home Keyboard key to zoom out around the

en re board.


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Crea ng Split/Mixed Planes (Split)This topic will show you how to create a posi ve image plane that is split into mul ple voltages. We will place a new volt-age plane in the middle of the main plane VDDQ3.3V.❶❶ File > Open to browse to and open C:\PADS_ES_Evalu-

a on\Lesson19\Lesson19B.pcb.❷❷ From the keyboard ac vate the modeless command by

typing: SPONote: This will change the plane visibility so it is easier to determine where to create the split.

❸❸ Press the Home key to see the en re board.❹❹ Type L <space> 4 to change layers so the VDD split/

mixed plane layer is ac ve or select the pull-down ar-row shown on the current Layer selec on, followed by selec ng the (H) VDD Mixed Plane Layer 4 layer.

❺❺ We are going to create a plane are that will defi ne the connec ons to the VDDQ3.3V net.Note: To save me, the outline of this shape has been pre-defi ned in the design.

❻ ❻ From the Project Explorer, expand the Nets object and select the net VDDQ3.3V from the list.No ce that the pads associated with the net are highlighted in the workspace view and the system zooms in to show all of the connec ons. You will also no ce that a polygon line sur-rounds all of these connec ons.

❼❼ Click the LMB bu on in a blank area to unselect the net.

❽❽ With nothing selected RMB and set the selec on fi lter to Select Shapes.

❾❾ Using the LMB, click on the outline of the VDDQ3.3V polygon to select it.

❿❿ Click the RMB and select Flood from the pop-up menu.


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Crea ng Split/Mixed Planes (Split) (con nued)

⓫⓫ At the prompt “OK to Connect Plane(s)?” Click the Yes bu on.The polygon will fi ll with the VDDQ3.3V net color.

⓬⓬ With nothing selected RMB and set the selec on fi lter to Select Board Outline.

⓭⓭ Select any side of the board outline and click the RMB and select Select Shape.No ce the en re board outline highlights.

⓮⓮ Click the RMB followed by selec ng Create Plane Area.

⓯ ⓯ Select the VDD net in the Add Dra ing dialog followed by clicking OK.No ce an inner outline appears around the inside edge of the board outline.

⓰⓰ With the plane area s ll selected, click the RMB and select Flood from the pop-up menu.

⓱⓱ At the prompt “OK to Connect Plane(s)?” Click the Yes bu on.No ce the plane area is solid or fi lled completely.

⓲⓲ Select the Home keyboard key to zoom out and view the en re board.

⓳⓳ When you are fi nished, close the design.


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Lesson 20: RF Op ons

Confi guring S tching ViasThis topic will walk you through the process of adding S tch-ing Vias to a copper plane.❶❶ File > Open to browse to and open C:\PADS_ES_Evalu-

a on\Lesson20\Lesson20.pcb.❷❷ Confi gure the via op ons using Tools > Op ons > Via

Pa erns. Review the “When s tching Shapes” por on of the dialog to be er understand the op ons avail-able.

❸❸ Click the Add bu on located in the When S tching Shapes sec on of the dialog. This will allow you to con-trol which vias are used for various shapes by assigning a via type to a net.

❹❹ In the Nets sec on select GND. Remember you can also use the “G” key to jump to nets star ng with G.

❺❺ Change the via from STANDARDVIA to STITCHVIA.❻ ❻ No ce the default Pa ern is set to Fill mode with the

vias set to Aligned.❼❼ Set the Via to shape value to 1 to allow vias up to the

edge of the copper area.❼❼ Set the Via Spacing to 25 (center to center distance

between vias)No ce: There are op ons for locking down (Glue) s tch vias as well as ignoring via grids.

❽❽ Click the OK bu on to complete the assignment.

RF design requires specialized features for layout. This lesson will introduce you to some of the key features available in PADS to assist with RF design.

RF Op ons 147

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Adding S tching Vias

❶❶ Using the MMB, zoom into the lower le sec on of the board.

❷❷ Enable the Dra ing toolbar if it is not already open.❸❸ Select the Copper bu on.❹❹ Draw a copper polygon as shown in white.❺ ❺ In the Add Dra ing dialog use the following se ngs:

• Width = 10• Layer = Component Side Layer 1• Net = GND

❻❻ Click the OK bu on to complete the shape.❼❼ Select the Select Arrow bu on (If not already enabled).❽❽ Use ESC to exit the Create Copper mode.❾❾ RMB, and enable the Select Shapes fi lter mode.❿❿ Select the Copper shape you just created in the lower

le part of the board.⓫⓫ RMB and select the Via S tch op on from the pop-up

menu.⓬⓬ Vias are placed within the copper polygon maintaining

the 25 mil center to center se ng from the Via Pat-terns tab.

RF Op ons148

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Adding Via ShieldsThis topic will show you how to add a via shield around key traces in your delicate high speed designs. Via shields can be created based on pin pairs as well as en re nets. The s tch mode is determined by what is selected in the design. Via shields can also be placed around copper paths or geom-etries as well as trace data. If part of your design includes metal objects requiring shielding you can add via shields quickly and accurately.❶❶ Click the Home keyboard key to view the en re design.❷❷ Select Tools > Op ons > Via Pa ern.❸❸ Set the Add via from net to Gnd. ❹❹ Set the Via type to STITCHVIA.❺ ❺ The Via Spacing op on controls the spacing between

the vias placed as a shield. Change the value to 30.❻❻ Click OK to complete the setup.❼❼ Using the MMB, zoom in to the area located in the

lower le por on of the board, more specifi cally U13.❽❽ No ce the yellow ver cal trace.❾❾ Using the RMB pop-up menu, set the fi lter mode to

Select Pin Pairs.❿❿ Select the yellow ver cal; it highlights in white.⓫⓫ Click the RMB followed by Add Via Shield.⓬⓬ Vias are now placed on each side of the trace.

Note: If plane thermals are visible, select Tools > Op ons > Thermals and uncheck Show general plane indicators.

⓭⓭ Press the ESC key to release the trace.⓮⓮ Click the RMB, set the fi lter mode to Select Anything.⓯⓯ Select one of the newly added s tch vias and no ce it

is ed to the net assigned per the Via Pa erns dialog (GND signal) and that the via type is STITCHVIA.

RF Op ons 149

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Verifi ca on150

Lesson 21: Verifi ca on

Clearance Verifi ca onThis topic will show you how to validate your design rule constraints. The verify rou ne will review class rules, default rules, condi onal rules, Pin-Pair rules and Group Rules to ensure compliance within the design.❶❶ Select File > Open. Browse to and open C:\PADS_ES_

Evalua on\Lesson21\Lesson21.pcb.❷❷ Select Tools > Verify Design…❸❸ In the dialog select the Clearance radio bu on.❹❹ Click the Setup bu on and review the verifi ca on op-

ons available.❺ ❺ In this example you will only enable the Net to All

check. Then select the OK bu on to close the dialog.❻❻ Uncheck the Disable Panning check box.❼❼ Click the Start bu on to begin the verifi ca on.

This sec on will show how to verify clearance requirements, connec vity requirements and Cam Plane requirements. The verifi ca on rou ne will allow you to search for any viola ons and iden fy their loca ons for resolu on

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Verifi ca on 151

Clearance Verifi ca on (con nued)

❽❽ The verifi ca on rou ne returns with 4 errors.❾❾ Click the OK bu on to con nue with the verifi ca on

process.❿ ❿ The 4 errors are updated in the verify design dialog.⓫⓫ Select one of the errors in the dialog and no ce the

screen adjusts automa cally to center the selected er-ror loca on in the working area.

⓬⓬ If you are unable to see the error, place the cursor over the error dialog and while holding the LMB drag the Verify dialog off to the side. Also, the MMB zoom fea-ture will allow you to zoom into any area of the design (working area) to be er see the viola ons.

⓭⓭ Select one of the errors located in the verify dialog and you will no ce the screen will bring the error to the middle of the display so you can view it easier hence resolve the issue much easier.

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Verifi ca on152

Con nuity ChecksThis exercise will show you how to ensure all design connec- ons are routed or interconnected with some type of copper

data. The Verify > Connec vity op on will ensure you have either trace data, copper data or copper pour data connec ng all pads that have a net assigned to it. If there are any con-nec ons missing they will be reported so you can make the appropriate modifi ca ons.❶❶ Make sure that the planes nets are connected by select-

ing Tools > Pour Manager > Plane Connect > Start.❷❷ Keep the Verify Design dialog open.❸❸ Select the Connec vity radio bu on.❹❹ Click the Start bu on to begin the verifi ca on.❺❺ At the prompt Number of Errors Found click the OK

bu on.❻ ❻ The con nuity errors found in the design are listed.❼❼ If the Disable Panning checkbox is checked uncheck it.❽❽ Using the MMB, zoom in several mes so when you

select an error it will be easy to see.Note: If the planes are solid fi lled, use the SPO modeless command to turn them so that the errors are more visible.

❾❾ Select one of the errors from the Verify Design dialog.❿❿ The view changes and centers the error in the working

area. Note: If you do not see any errors you may need to move the verify design dialog to the far right, far le , top or bo om since the error will move to the center of the screen.

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High Speed Rou ng & Autorou ng with PADS RouterIn this sec on:

Environment Component Placement Rules and Constraints Interac ve Rou ng High Speed Interac ve Rou ng Se ng up a Design for Autorou ng Verifi ca on (in Router)

153

Lesson 22: The PADS Router

PADS Router Environment154

Welcome ScreenThe PADS Welcome screen is a collec on of helpful links that will help you to become a PADS expert very quickly. This screen contains tutorial informa on, videos, help features and a concept guide to help minimize the learning curve. This content will help you to become produc ve in a very short me.❶❶ Open PADS Router so ware by either clicking on the

PADS Router icon located on the desktop or by select-ing it from the Start > Programs > Mentor Graphics SDD > PADS9.XX > PCB Layout > PADS Router pull-down.

❷❷ Now that PADS Router is open we can make ourselves familiar with the working environment. Let’s take a look at the Welcome screen.NOTE: Do not select “Start a New Design” or “Open a Design” item at this me. Just review the content. If you select either of these items you will need to close and restart PADS Router to gain access to this welcome screen again.

❸❸ Select Help and take note of all of the resources avail-able. From the Help menu select Documenta on and open the InfoHub to see addi onal documents for all products in the fl ow and links to customer support on SupportNet.

❹❹ Select Help > Modeless Command to gain access to all the modeless keyboard commands available to PADS Router. These are quick access tool func ons available from your keyboard.

This sec on will walk you through the PADS Router user inter-face. You will become familiar with PADS Router’s excep onal “Ease of Use” design environment. Topics covered include: the

Welcome screen, the use of toolbars, mouse func ons, mode-less commands and hot-keys. There are many ways to accom-plish your design tasks with minimal eff ort.

Explore the Welcome Screen• You can start a new design by selec ng the “Start a New

Design” folder shown at the top of the window. • There is a lis ng of recently opened designs located in the

“Open a Design” sec on of the Welcome screen. This will provide quick access to designs you have worked on.

• You have access to Quick Start Guides and Tutorials from within this main screen.

• PADS Layout and Router help documents will help answer any ques ons you may have on the PADS products.

• There is a Concept Guide to help with advanced ques ons

ExE lllplore hhththe WWWellllcome SSScreen

High Speed Rou ng and Autorou ng with PADS Router

PADS Router Environment 155


Menus Toolbars WorkspaceProject

Explorer

Status Bar Output Window Spreadsheet Window Naviga on Window


Toolbars

The Standard Toolbar

The Selec on Filter Toolbar The Placement Toolbar

Undo

Save Proper es In-Place Query

Selec on Filter

Redo Zoom Output Window

Shortcut Dialog

Open Layer CycleDRC Filter Cycle

View Board

Project Explorer

PathErrorsUnroutes Coppers KeepoutsAnything PinsPin

PairsSelect

All

Nothing Components Nets Traces Vias Pours Segments and Corners

CycleText

Print Op ons

Suspend

Placement

Design Verifi ca on

Rou ng

Route Edi ng

Naviga on Window

SpreadsheetLayout

LayersSelect Mode

Rotate 90 Flip

SpinMove Component



Toolbars (con nued)

The Route Edi ng Toolbar

The DRC Filter Toolbar The Design Verifi ca on Toolbar The Suspend Toolbar

The Rou ng Toolbar

Quick Route

Select Mode Protect

Add Test PointStretch Reschedule

StartAutorou ng

PauseAutorou ng

Select Mode

Move Add Corner

Interac ve Route

UnprotectSmooth RouteResumeAutorou ng

StopAutorou ng

Trace Width Placement

Select None DRC

DRC Se ngs

DRC On/Off

LengthClearance Same Net

Enable All DRC

Verify Design

Split

Unroute

Fanout Tune

Op mize Center

Design Verifi ca on Scheme

Clear Errors

Display Ignored Errors

Go Back

Con nue With Errors

Explain


The PADS Router WorkspaceThe PADS Router is a true Windows-compliant tool. It supports pulldown menus, hot keys, drag-rights, toolbars, tool boxes, as well as toolbar tool ps.We have maintained many of these Microso -supported user interface features across the en re PADS ES Suite environment. Things like similar icons, similar hot keys and similar pulldown names are all supported and help to minimize the transi on me between the products.

Opening the Project ExplorerThis dialog allows you real- me access to database informa- on found inside the design with a single mouse click. You

can quickly realize the power that the PADS Router environ-ment brings just by u lizing this single feature.❶❶ Select File > Open. Browse to the C:\PADS_ES_Evalua-

on\Lesson22 directory and select Lesson22A.pcb.❷❷ Click on the Project Explorer bu on located on the

main toolbar.❸❸ The Naviga on Window, Spreadsheet and Output

Window can also be ac vated and deac vated by tog-gling the corresponding bu ons.

❹❹ You can select any of these windows to view their con-tents. Feel free to inves gate.

Project ExplorerThe Project Explorer Pane allows you to leverage typical Micro-so Explorer style technology for an added increase in ease of use. Since most Windows users work with Windows Explorer everyday, it becomes very natural to use the similar feature inte-gral to the PADS Router environment.

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Resizing the Project Explorer

❶❶ If the Output Window pane is not enabled, enable it by selec ng the Output Window bu on located on the main toolbar.

❷❷ Withe the LMB, select and drag the right edge of the Project Explorer window and move it toward the right making the pane wider. Once at the desired width simply let go of the LMB.

❸❸ Select the bo om edge of the Project Explorer (or top of the Output Window pane) while holding the LMB. Drag the Explorer pane toward the bo om side of the PADS Router window. Release the LMB to drop the pane. This will make the Explorer Window larger and the Output Window smaller.

❹❹ Now that you have experienced how to modify a win-dow pane, follow the same steps defi ned above, in the reverse direc on, to restore the Project Explorer back to its original se ngs.

Project Explorer Interface Behaviors

The Project Explorer windows are dockable or undockable, like all other window within PADS Router. This provides you with the ability to further customize your working environment. It allows you to pick up the dialog box and move it to a more desirable loca on. You can resize and reshape the dialog box as you like thereby providing you complete fl exibility. The windows can even be placed on a second monitor if you are using a dual monitor environment. Once the panes are arranged, you can

view layer informa on, net informa on, design rule informa- on, and intricate details of the design such as pin pair data.

You can use the Expandable/Collapsible topics to view addi on-al informa on defi ned in the database. You can create design rules constraints by simply dragging and dropping data into the appropriate areas. The design rule crea on will be covered in a future lesson.

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Selec ng and Moving a Component

❶❶ Expand Components by select the plus [+]on its le .❷❷ Now select diff erent components with a single click

and no ce that they become highlighted in the working area.

❸❸ Select the Placement Toolbar to provide access to the placement bu on group.

❹❹ Select the Move bu on to enable the Move verb mode.

❺ ❺ Withe the LMB, single click on a component from the Project Explorer pane and then move your cursor over to the working area. No ce the component will snap to your cursor so it can be precisely placed.

❻❻ To complete the placement, click the LMB when the component is in its fi nal des na on.

Concurrent Database Selec onThe Interac on with design view is also in real me. As you select data in the Project Explorer pane, the data updates in the design. This process also works in the reverse direc on, hence giving you a type of bi-direc onal communica on capability bet-ter knows as Concurrent Database Selec on capabili es. Scroll through the design database viewing each part of the de-sign via this single pane. No ce that you can select key pieces

of the database allowing quick iden fi ca on and modifi ca on of the design. The Project Explorer can be expanded to view content down to individual pin-pair for greater detail. A key feature of PADS Router is its ability to edit mul ple data types from within same dialog. Its features like these that contribute to the overall ease of use of the product.

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Selec ng Pin Pairs in the Project Explorer

❶❶ Select the Select bu on.❷❷ From within the Project Explorer dialog, select the

scroll bar, sliding it down un l U1 is within sight.Note: On some 3-bu on mice, you can use the middle scroll wheel to also scroll down through the dialog.

❸❸ Select the plus [+] located to the le of U1 to expand the data associated with that device. (No ce the nets a ached to U1 are displayed)

❹❹ Try selec ng several Pin Pairs and no ce that they high-light in the working area.

❺ ❺ Close the Components database sec on by select the minus [-] located to the le of the word Component.

Selec ng Nets in the Project Explorer

❶❶ Select and expand the Net Objects database sec on by select the plus [+] to the le of the word Net Objects.

❷❷ Next select the [+] beside the Nets selec on as well from the list.

❸❸ While the nets are displayed, net cross probing can be ac vated from within the dialog as well. Let’s try select-ing several nets now from within the Project Explorer pane and no ce they highlight in the working area.

❹❹ Using the scroll wheel again, let’s scroll un l the net ADDR_BUS1 is visible in the Project Explorer pane.

❺ ❺ To expand the content of bus ADDR_BUS1, select the plus [+] on its le . All the pin pairs will be displayed. (Note: cross probing to pin pairs is also available from this pane by simply selec ng it).

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Viewing Classes in the Project Explorer

❶❶ To view the content of the classes in our design and to re-view their constraints, select the plus [+] located to the le of the database category called Net Classes.

❷❷ With the cursor placed over the class called MatchTrack, select the RMB followed by selec ng Proper es from the pulldown menu.

❸❸ Select the Length Tab to view the Length Constraints as-signed to this class. The “hand /paper/red circle” graphic to the le of any tab indicates the assignment of a constraint unique from the default constraints.No ce that restrict length, min, and max are in yellow. The yellow tells the user that those par cular items have been modifi ed mak-ing them diff erent from the defaults level constraints.

❹❹ Select the Cancel bu on a er reviewing the content, to close the dialog.

❺ ❺ Select the [+] located to the le of the net Match Track to expand the class and view the nets assigned to this class.

❻❻ You can expand the pin pairs associated with each net by simply selec ng the [+] symbol to the le of any net.

Crea ng a Class in the Project Explorer

❶❶ To create a class from mul ple nets, go back to the Nets category, select the net ADDR_BUS1 as your star ng net. Hold the SHIFT key down and move the cursor over to ADDR_BUS19. Select it and no ce all nets in between are selected include the fi rst and last nets selected. No ce the nets are highlighted in the working area.

❷❷ Select the RMB (from within the working area) and no ce there is a Make Class item on the pulldown menu.

❸❸ Click on the Project Explorer Bu on once again to close the Project Explorer pane.

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Keyboard CommandsPADS Router has keyboard commands similar to PADS Layout. Some of the most commonly used commands are shown in the table.We will try a few of the Modeless commands to get familiar with how some of these commands func on.❶❶ Type SS <space> U1. This will search and select U1.❷❷ Hold down CTRL + E at the same me. This will put U1

in move mode.❸❸ Type S <space> 400 <space> 3350. This will move U1 to

the coordinate 400, 3350.❹❹ Select the Space Bar key located at the bo om of the

keyboard to release the part at the designated x/y loca- on.

❺ ❺ Feel free to try some of the other commands listed in the table.

Command Descrip onG <x> {<y>} All grids set, except the display grid.

GD <x> {<y>} Display grid se ng.

H {<net>} Net highligh ng on or off .

I Dis nguish protected objects on and off .

L <n> Layer, set current layer to the number or name

S <x> <y> Search absolute. Moves pointer to the specifi ed X and Y coordinates.

S <s> Search string. Moves pointer to the named object

SR <x> <y> Search rela ve. Moves pointer by the specifi ed X and Y off set

SS <s> Search and select. Moves the pointer to the named object

W<n> Trace width

Backspace Unroute or backup.

Delete Unroute selected object.

Home Zooms to board.

PageDown Zooms out at pointer.

PageUp Zooms in at pointer.

Ctrl+B Zoom to board. Fits the board outline into the workspace.

Ctrl+E Move component

Ctrl+I Spins component

Ctrl+N New fi le.

Ctrl+O Open fi le.

Ctrl+P Print fi le.

Ctrl+R Rotates component 90 degrees.

Ctrl+S Save fi le

Shi +A Accordion beginning, interac ve rou ng mode.

Shi +F Flips component.

Shi +click Adds via, interac ve rou ng.

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Reviewing the Toolbars

❶❶ Select the Placement bu on to enable the placement toolbar. The placement toolbar allows you to move, spin, fl ip, or rotate components. Select the Placement bu on again to close the Placement toolbar.

❷❷ Select the Selec on Filter bu on to enable the fi lter toolbar. The fi lter toolbar allows the user to specify what objects can be selected. Select the Selec on Filter bu on again to close the Selec on Filter toolbar.

❸❸ Select the DRC Filter bu on to enable the DRC Filter toolbar. The DRC Filter toolbar allows the user to spec-ify which DRC se ngs are enabled or disabled. Select the DRC Filter bu on again close the toolbar.

❹❹ Select the Design Verifi ca on bu on to enable the De-sign Verifi ca on toolbar. The Design Verifi ca on Toolbar allows the user to run diff erent design verifi ca ons schemes. When fi nished, close the toolbar.

❺ ❺ Select the Rou ng bu on to enable the Rou ng toolbar. The Rou ng toolbar allows the user to run full autorou ng or a single autorou ng pass. Select the Rou ng bu on again to disable the Rou ng toolbar.

❻❻ Select the Route Edi ng bu on to enable the route edi ng toolbar. The Route Edi ng toolbar contains the diff erent manual and interac ve rou ng op ons. Close the Route Edi ng toolbar when fi nished.

ToolbarsYou can dock and undock toolbars allowing you to customize your work environment. You can display descrip ve text and/or bu ons on toolbars to help learn the interface quicker. You can view Tool ps to help iden fy interface items as you use the tool. You can u lize large icons to make it easier to determine func onality. You create new toolbars with drag and drop to help op mize your working environment. Most of the items in

the toolbars can also be accessed by keyboard commands, pull downs, and the right click menus.We will prac ce using some of the toolbar features to get familiar with the working environment. No ce the bu on groups that appear when you go into each main toolbar u lity. Remember to place your cursor over each bu on to see the individual func ons.

Note: Place the cursor to the extreme le of the toolbar. Hold the LMB down and drag the toolbar to the right hand side of the working area. Release the mouse to release the en re toolbar. This is how a toolbar can be moved. All of the toolbars can be moved in a similar fashion. The tool remembers where the toolbar was last.

Selec on Filter

DRC Filter

Suspend

Placement

Design Verifi ca on

Rou ng

Route Edi ng

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Viewing the Design in the Naviga on Window

❶❶ Select File > Open. Select the Lesson22B.pcb located at C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson22 directory.

❷❷ Click on the Project Naviga on bu on located on the main toolbar at the top.

❸❸ Move the cursor around the window. The Naviga on screen will show another view of the window.

❹❹ Place the cursor in the working area and select F5 (Zoom In) and F6 (Zoom Out) a few mes. No ce the Naviga on window zooms in where the cursor is located in the main window.

❺ ❺ You can zoom into an area in the working pane by holding down the MMB and dragging toward the up-per le , or zoom out by holding down the MMB and dragging toward the lower right. As you do so, no ce the changes in the Naviga on window. The amount dragged determines the amount to zoom in or out for the Naviga on window as well.

The Naviga on WindowPADS Router allows you to view specifi c PCB data without dis-turbing the main display. To u lize this feature you simply need to enable the Naviga on Window, then move the mouse over areas you wish to view. You can zoom in and zoom out depending on the informa on you are trying to evaluate. This window will also display feed-back when rou ng such as showing color feedback for match length pairs. This func onality will be demonstrated in a future lesson.

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Viewing Design Objects in the Naviga on Window

❶❶ To clear any previous selec ons move the cursor into an open area and select the LMB.

❷❷ Select the RMB in an empty area and from the pull-down menu select the fi lter item Select Components.

❸❸ Manually select diff erent single components. No ce how the naviga on window adjusts based on the part selected. No ce it zooms as well so the part can be inspected.

❹❹ There is a special Naviga on Window Toolbar available that allows the user to decide what elements are view-able in the Naviga on Window area.

❺ ❺ To view the choices, place your cursor above each but-ton and the tool p will appear illustra ng the use for each available bu on.

❻❻ Experiment with these bu ons. For example, the Show All Layers bu on allows all layers to be viewed or only the ac ve layer to be viewed. Try enabling/disabling each of the bu ons to see the diff erences in the views contained in the Naviga on Window pane.

❼❼ Select the Naviga on Window bu on again to close the Naviga on Window.

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Viewing Design Data In the Spreadsheet WindowThe spreadsheet pane is a fully customizable dialog that al-lows users to modify the display of columns of design infor-ma on. This allows the user to quickly view, edit, delete or save the data. Most relevant data can be edited directly from the spreadsheet and copy/pasted to and from Microso Excel. The following example illustrates some of these capabili es:❶❶ Select File > Open. Select the Lesson22B.pcb located at

C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson22 directory.❷❷ Click on the Spreadsheet bu on located on the main

toolbar to open the pane and view the toolbars.❸❸ From within the Spreadsheet view, select Net on the

right pull down, and then select Net Length Monitor on the le pull down, as shown.

❹❹ The results display all the nets in the PCB fi le with restricted length. Since the nets are not routed, Routed Lengths are all listed as zeros. The Es mated Length displays "rats nest" length, and displays a color based on whether it is below the defi ned constraint (yellow), within the defi ned constraint (green), or above the defi ned constraint (red).Note: This is very useful to check ini al placement. If the nets were routed, the same visual feedback would be given in the routed length category.

❺ ❺ There are many other categories of data we can view in this spreadsheet window pane (see the dropdown list).

❻❻ Click on the Spreadsheet bu on close the window.

The Spreadsheet WindowThe PADS Router Spreadsheet Pane allows component informa- on, net informa on, constraint informa on and error informa- on to be viewed quickly in a spreadsheet format that can be

sorted by columns and exported to a report fi le (HTML). (Note: The error features will be reviewed in a future lesson.)

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Viewing Net Proper es

❶❶ Select the File > Open bu on. Select the Lesson22C.pcb located at C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson22 direc-tory.

❷❷ Click on the Project Explorer bu on to open the Project Explorer.

❸❸ Select Net Objects > Net and note the net CLK_IN. The red star means that it has proper es diff erent from the defaults.

❹❹ Using the mouse, place the cursor over the net CLK_IN, select the RMB then Proper es from the pull-down menu. The symbol no fi es the user which tabs have the proper es diff erent from the defaults.

❺ ❺ Select the three tabs and no ce that many items are in yellow. These are the items that are diff erent from the defaults.

❻❻ Flip through the diff erent tabs to see what proper es nets have assigned.

❼❼ Select the Rou ng Tab. Set Minimum, Recommended and Maximum width to 6.

❽❽ Select the Apply bu on and no ce the white boxes turn yellow and the icon that appears on the rou ng tab has a red circle on it now.

Proper esWith any object selected you can open and show rules to see what special proper es were set. These proper es can quickly be reviewed, edited, or set directly by just selec ng the object. This allows you to be more effi cient when working with data inside your design. The Proper es dialog will also allow you to view graphical data as well. If you select a via, you can actu-ally view the layer breakdown of the pad stack. Along with

via graphics you can also see Component data. A Component preview dialog shows you a graphical representa on of the part selected. It can be of the component itself or the pins of a component.You also can view Design Property informa on as graphical data as well as Parts and Vias data. The layer stack for the design can be displayed graphically as well as numerically.

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Viewing Component Proper es

❶❶ Using the cursor, drag the Net Proper es dialog box to the le side of the screen so the Project Explorer pane is clearly in sight.

❷❷ Minimize the Nets list by selec ng the minus next to Nets data type.

❸❸ Select the [+] to the le of component and scroll down un l you can see C1.

❹❹ Select C1 and no ce the Property box changes to show C1 proper es instead.

❺ ❺ Hold down the Shi key and select C10. The proper es box now displays all the items that are similar between these 10 capacitors. If one wanted to, they could change something for all these items at once.

❻❻ Click on the Project Explorer bu on to close the Project Explorer.

Viewing the Default Proper es

❶❶ Select the RMB and choose Select Component from the selec on fi lter.

❷❷ Now select any component. No ce how the proper- es again change to accommodate the new selec on

without ever having to close the dialog.❸❸ Place the cursor in an open area within the working

area and hit the LMB to select. The Proper es will now display the Default Proper es. Note: Alterna vely, RMB click on an empty area and select Proper es to view the default proper es.

❹❹ Select any object and use the RMB menu or the Prop-er es bu on to view the Proper es .

❺ ❺ Flip through the diff erent tabs to view the default Prop-er es values.

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Exploring the Op ons Tabs

❶❶ Select the Op ons bu on or go to the Tools > Op ons pulldown menu (or use the CTL + Enter keyboard short-cut). All of these items will open the Op ons window pane.

❷❷ Flip through the diff erent tabs to see all the diff erent op ons in PADS Router. Familiarize yourself with some of the important op ons so you will know which dialog to go to if a modifi ca on is required.

❸❸ The mostly commonly used tabs you will work with are:• General (Basic usability se ngs), • Display (Used to set up colors in the design), • Rou ng (Sets so ware parameters that aff ect rout-

ing ac vi es)• Strategy (Sets up the rou ng sequence for auto-

rou ng a printed circuit board)❹❹ Spend a few minutes reviewing these dialogs making

yourself familiar with their contents. • Change colors.• Change Rou ng and Placement Op ons.• Turn on and off the Guard bands op on se ng.• Set diff erent Highlight modes.

Op onsThere are numerous op ons within PADS Autorouter. The PADS Autorouter has the op on to set the units from within the tool. You can set the Pick Radius and also the Backup Number and Instance. You can set the working directories as well.You have the ability to set custom colors for diff erent informa- on in the layout. You have a pale e that will support up to 32

diff erent colors. You can copy layer of colors and apply them to other layers.You have a choice over some of the route biasing. As you change the se ngs you can preview what the results will be like. Along with se ng the Rou ng Biasing, you also can set the Fanout pa erns enabling and disabling various op ons.

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Component Placement 171

Move Components with Drag and Drop Mode

❶❶ Select File > Open. Select the Lesson23A.pcb located at C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson23 directory.

❷❷ Using the RMB, select on an empty area followed by selec ng the Select Components fi lter.

❸❸ Place the cursor over any component. While over the component select the LMB.

❹❹ With the part highlighted, select and hold the LMB. No ce the part moves with the cursor. Place the part anywhere within the board outline. Release it by se-lec ng the LMB a third me.

Lesson 23: Component PlacementUsers can easily move components within the rou ng environ-ment using window’s move ac vi es know as “Select and Drag” or by using the tradi onal PADS Router format known as the “verb mode” method. Performing placement altera on in a routed area can auto-ma cally update exis ng traces and vias based on the design constraints set. PADS Router can be set to adjust traces and vias

real- me during moving, a er component is release, or not at all. PADS Router can determine placement viola ons using visible real- me feedback through the use of errors markers or by cross-hatching viola ng parts. The autorou ng environment makes it easy to spin, rotate, and Flip components using stan-dard RMB selec ons or though the use of verb mode bu ons.

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Component Placement172

Moving a Component Using Verb Mode

❶❶ You can also move components using a Verb Mode process. Note: If the Placement Toolbar is not enabled, turn it on by selec ng the Placement bu on.

❷❷ Select the Move Component bu on.❸❸ Select a component in the design and no ce the com-

ponent warps directly to the cursor.❹❹ You can use the SS modeless command to call a part

out as well so it moves to the cursor, ready for fi nal placement. Type SS <space> U1 to simulate this capa-bility.

❺ ❺ Select the LMB to place the part down (or hit ESC key to release).

❻❻ Select any single part again, hit the RMB and no ce you can Rotate, Spin and Flip parts as well. Hit ESC to release the parts as they were.

❼❼ Hold down the LMB down and drag a select box around a group of components. No ce they highlight and move with the cursor.

❽❽ Con nue trying out all of the various placement op- ons. Use the mode that you prefer, whichever pro-

vides the highest level of produc vity.

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Component Placement 173

Rota ng a Component in Verb Mode

❶❶ Select the Select bu on from the Placement toolbar.❷❷ Select mul ple components (one at a me) by holding

down the CTRL key while selec ng.❸❸ Select the Rotate 90 bu on on the Placement toolbar.

The selected components will automa cally be rotated 90 degrees.

❹❹ While parts are selected, hit the RMB menu. No ce the Op ons that are available.

❺ ❺ Using the LMB select Rotate 90.❻❻ You can also use the Flip command as well to fl ip a part

to the opposite side of the board.❼❼ Spin is another op on available when you select a part

and hit the RMB. This command allows the user to spin the component to any angle. The Rotate, Flip, and Spin commands can also be used in verb mode using the ap-propriate bu on located on the Placement Toolbar.

❽❽ There is also an op on to use DRC (Design Rule Check-ing) during a move. This would perform a DRC check before allowing you to place the component down. If there was a viola on, the part would not be able to be place. This op on will automa cally be enabled if you have Design Rule Checking already on.

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Component Placement174

Moving a Component with a Fanout


❷❷ Type the modeless command DRC followed by hi ng the Enter key to turn on Design Rule Check Prevent mode.

❸❸ Select the Tools > Op ons pulldown. Select the Place-ment Tab.

❹❹ Enable the Move Component with Fanout check box (if not already selected).

❺ ❺ Select the OK bu on to complete and close the dialog.❻❻ Use keyboard command SS <space> U8 to search and

select U8.❼❼ Select the RMB followed by Move from the pulldown

menu.❽❽ Move the component around. No ce how the fanout

moves with the component. This is an op on which can be disabled or enabled via the Tools >Op ons > Rout-ing Tab dialog as instructed in step #4.

❾❾ Try to place the part over another part. Yellow circles will appear over the overlap. This occurs because the Design Rule Check Prevent mode was enabled.

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Design Rules and Constraints 175

Lesson 24: Design Rules and ConstraintsThe PADS Router Design Proper es were reviewed in the previ-ous lesson.. For review, when nothing is selected and the prop-er es dialog is ac vated, the Design Proper es window displays the global se ng or defaults. When an object is selected and the Proper es dialog enabled, the design proper es for that object is queried and displayed. The Design Proper es dialog box can also be used to display all the diff erent rules that PADS Router allows as well. Some example tabs include:

• The Clearance tab is used to set minimum clearance rules for the design.

• The Rou ng tab is used to set minimum, recommended and maximum trace widths for the design.

• The Via Biasing tab is used to allow or disallow vias from being used during rou ng.

• The Test Points tab is used to set the minimum clearance between probe and objects.

• The Fanout tab is used to defi ne how devices are intercon-nected to internal pwr/gnd planes.

• The Pad Entry tab is used to set how traces should enter and exit a pad (side, corner, or any angle).

• The Topology tab is used to determine the order the Pin-pairs will reconnect during the length minimiza on process.

• The Layer/Layer Biasing tab is used to enable or disable layers from rou ng. Also is used to set layer direc on for autorou ng.

• The Same Net tab is used to help control the quality of rou ng both entering a pad/via and exi ng a pad/via. Val-ues are constraints to help control rou ng.

Generally users will set up their design rules before they begin placement or rou ng. The design rules checking, verifi ca on rou nes, and autorouter can follow most of these rules.

Design Rules and Constraints176

Defi ning a Net Constraint

❶❶ Select File > Open. Select the Lesson24.pcb located at C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson24 directory.

❷❷ Click on the Project Explorer bu on to open the win-dow.

❸❸ Select RMB over the Project Explorer window and select Horizontal Split.Note: This will create a second version of the Project Explorer. These two windows can be u lized together.

❹❹ Select the [+] located to the le of Net Objects. This will open up all the categories available for constraint assignment.

❺ ❺ Select [+] to the le of Nets to expand the list of nets contained in this design.

❻❻ While using the cursor, select the net called Backdr, followed by hi ng the RMB and selec ng Proper es. This will open the Proper es dialog so a constraint can be assigned to this net.

❼❼ If not already viewable, select the Clearance Tab lo-cated at the top of the dialog.

❽❽ Select the All bu on to enable the capability of se ng all clearances to a specifi c value.

❾❾ When the Clearance Value dialog appears, enter the value 10.Note: This will set all objects to 10 mils clearance require-ment throughout the en re design.

❿❿ Select the OK bu on to complete the defi ni on.⓫⓫ Next, select the Rou ng tab.⓬⓬ Set the Minimum Trace width to 10, set the Recom-

mended to 10 and the Maximum Trace width to 10.⓭⓭ Select the OK bu on to complete the constraint assign-

ment.

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177

Defi ning a Net ClassNet classes are created to set rules diff erent from the default se ngs for a group of nets. They are one of the most effi cient ways to apply a single constraint to mul ple nets. You can set width requirements, clearance requirements, fanout require-ments and other important constraints.❶❶ In the upper pane of the Project Explorer window,

select the [+] to the le of Net Objects and Net Classes to expand those categories.

❷❷ Place the cursor over Net Classes and select the RMB, then New to create a new net class. Type in a name ADDR_BUS at the prompt for the new net class.

❸❸ In the lower pane of the Explorer window, select the [+] next to the Net sec on to expand this category.

❹❹ Using the LMB, select the net ADDR_BUS1. While hold down the SHIFT key, select ADDR_BUS19 as well.

❺ ❺ With the cursor over the highlighted nets, select and hold the LMB to drag the group of nets over to the Net Class called ADDR_BUS. Release the LMB once the nets are over the new class. This will add them to the class.

❻❻ Using the RMB, select the ADDR_BUS Net Class fol-lowed by selec ng Proper es. The Design Proper es menu is where you can enter the rules for this class.

❼❼ Select the Rou ng tab and set the Minimum, Recom-mended and Maximums to 10.

❽❽ Select the OK bu on to complete the defi ni on.❾❾ Click the minus [-]next to the Net Classes on the top

Project Explorer to close the expanded view.

Design Rules and Constraints

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178

Defi ning a Diff eren al PairDiff eren al pair rules assign length, gap parameters, layer assignment and obstacle handling to selected pairs of nets or pin pairs. A user can pair two nets or two pin pairs and defi ne rules related to the pair to help guide them through the rout-ing phase of the design.❶❶ Place the cursor over the Project Explorer pane and

select the RMB, followed by selec ng Ver cal.❷❷ Select the [+] next to Net Objects (on both sides of the

dialog) and expand the content. On the right side split, select the [+] next to the Nets category.

❸❸ On the le side of the Explorer pane, select the [+] Dif-feren al Pair category.

❹❹ On the right side Explorer pane, with the Net Objects > Nets expanded, scroll down to the net DIFF3 and DIFF4.

❺ ❺ Using the LMB, select the DIFF3 net name.❻❻ Press the CTRL key and select the LMB over the net

DIFF4 so it adds to your previously selected items (DIFF3).

❼❼ Hold the LMB while over one of the selected nets.❽❽ Drag the pair of nets toward the le side Project Explor-

er dialog. Once over the Diff eren al Pairs constraint category release the nets by releasing the LMB. This will deposit the two nets as a diff eren al pair and cre-ate a new constraint called DIFF3<->DIFF4.

❾❾ Select the [+] next to the new diff pair to expand the list of nets in that diff pair.

❿❿ Place the cursor over the diff pair called DIFF3<->DIFF4.


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179

Defi ning a Diff eren al Pair (con nued)

⓫⓫ Select the RMB followed by selec ng the Proper es menu selec on from the pull down menu.

⓬⓬ From within the Diff eren al Pair Proper es dialog, select the Add bu on twice to add 2 addi onal param-eter fi elds under the Set trace width and gap for the pair in the layer sec on of the dialog.

⓭⓭ Enter the parameters shown followed by selec ng the OK bu on. This will complete the constraint assign-ment for our diff eren al pair.


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180

Crea ng a Matched Length GroupMatched length constraints are usually defi ned as two or more nets (or pin pairs) having equal total length. Matched length nets are typically specifi ed with a tolerance to allow the trace rou ng some fl exibility while s ll being able to meet the desired ming requirements.❶❶ Using the RMB, select the Matched Length Net Groups on

the le Project Explorer. Select New to create a new group.❷❷ Enter the name BUSBARS for the Matched Length Group.❸❸ Using the LMB, expand the Net Objects > Nets sec on of

the right Explorer dialog (if not already done).❹❹ Scroll down to the net called BUSBAR0.❺ ❺ Select BUSBAR0 with the LMB so it highlighted.❻❻ Hold down the SHIFT key and select BUSBAR8.

Note: This will highlight all the nets in between Busbar0 and Busbar8.

❼❼ Holding the LMB over the nets, drag the group to the Matched Length Net Groups called BUSBARS.

❽❽ Let go of the LMB once over the constraint so the nets can be added to the new constraint.

❾❾ Select the RMB while over the BUSBARS Matched Length Net Groups. Select the Proper es pulldown and no ce the constraint informa on that can added as a design rule.

❿❿ Click Cancel to abort the constraint crea on.⓫⓫ Click the minus [-] next to the Match Length Group on the

top Project Explorer.⓬⓬ On the right Project Explorer, click the minus [-] next to the

Nets.⓭⓭ Crea ng a matched length pin pair group is similar to creat-

ing a matched length net group, except that this group contains pin pairs either from the same net or from diff er-ent nets.


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181

Condi onal RulesCondi onal rules provide more control over complex designs. For example, you can set a condi onal rule for the width of a net on a par cular layer.❶❶ Select the [+] next to Layer to expand this entry. Do the

same for Electrical Layers.❷❷ Select Component Side Layer 1.❸❸ Select the [+] next to the Nets sec on to expand this

entry from within the same le side explorer dialog. Scroll down un l you see the net called BACKDR.

❹❹ With the Component Side Layer 1 s ll selected use the CTRL key plus the LMB to select the net called BACKDR.

❺ ❺ With both items s ll selected, use the LMB to drag the two objects over to Condi onal Rules entry located in the right Project Explorer.No ce a [+] sign appears indica ng an entry was added under the condi onal rules.

❻❻ Select the [+] next to Condi on Rules to see the new item that was added.

❼❼ To change the proper es of the Condi onal Rule, click RMB while the cursor is over the new condi onal Rule and select Proper es. Note the content.

❽❽ Select the OK bu on once you have had a chance to review the variety of constraints that can be set on an item on a given layer.

❾❾ Click on the Project Explorer bu on to close.❿❿ Select File > Save As and save it with name Lesson22.

pcb.


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Interac ve and Manual Route

❶❶ Select File > Open. Select the Lesson25A.pcb located at C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson25 directory.

❷❷ Select the RMB and set the fi lter mode to select Un-routes/Pins.

❸❸ Type S <space> P2.8. This command will automa cally move the cursor to P2 and point out where the 8th pin of that device is located.

❹❹ Using the LMB, click on that pin. This will select the pin.Note: You can use the SS modeless command to search and select P2.8 to reduce the number of step.

❺ ❺ Using the MMB, zoom in on the area where the pin is by holding down the middle mouse bu on and drag-ging the mouse toward the upper le .

❻❻ With the pin s ll selected, hit the RMB and select Inter-ac ve Route.

❼❼ Start moving the cursor. No ce how the trace follows the cursor. This is called interac ve rou ng.

Lesson 25: Interac ve Rou ngPCB Layout engineers all have their own style when laying out their boards. The PADS Router environment allows designers to either manually route cri cal nets or use other op ons as well. PADS Router gives the designer full control over the route topology. It’s Automa c Interac ve Rou ng modes provide the ability to Fanout, Autoroute, or Op mize right at the designers fi nger ps. The Autoroute and Op mizing Nets/Components features can help to reduce the amount of manual work the designer has to complete. Many designers use the interac ve rou ng capabili- es to help complete traces through sensi ve areas while using

the autorouter to fi nish the remaining por ons. When using the PADS Router autoroute rou ne, the so ware

maintains design rules during rou ng that includes se ng trace widths, clearance rules, layer rules and via rules so the designer can concentrate on rou ng rather than monitoring the enforce-ment of the rules. The Route Monitor provides trace length informa on as rout-ing data is added. The Push and Shove capability allows trace segments to be pushed around obstacles while simultaneously preven ng other traces from rou ng through specifi ed areas, all the me while maintaining design rules. This will allow quick ad-di ons to the design while s ll maintaining design constraints. All the op ons that will aff ect interac ve rou ng can be set using the Rou ng tab of the Op ons window.

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Interac ve and Manual Route (con nued)

❽❽ Start moving the cursor up. No ce how the cursor reads RT=<some number> and ET=<some number>. The number next to RT stands for the actual current routed length. As you move the cursor, no ce the routed length increases. ET stands for the es mated length if the route were completed from where it is to the ending pin on that pin pair using the shortest path.

❾❾ Con nue moving the trace to the right. Make sure and move the trace toward the closest trace located on its right side. No ce how that trace forces the adjacent trace over. This push and shove technology will allow objects to be pushed as long as they are not protected or the movement will cause some type of constraints viola ons (IE: trace widths, clearance, layer constraints, or via viola ons).

❿❿ Move the cursor/trace back toward P2.8. If you have added corners use the Backspace keyboard key to remove any previously locked rou ng corners.

⓫⓫ Place a via, toggling to the solder side layer by selec ng the Shi key + LMB.Note: Before proceeding to the next step, make sure that the Check Clearance tab is checked. This tab can be accessed by click-ing the RMB while rou ng.

⓬⓬ Using the LMB, click while rou ng to add a fi xed corner. This creates a fi xed route corner and keeps all the rou ng before it from changing. Hit the Backspace bu on again on the keyboard to remove this corner.

⓭⓭ Drag the mouse following along side this adjacent trace and up through the board.No ce how adjacent traces move away from trace being added. Traces are separated real- me, based on the design constraints set in the design. Without this capability, a user would have to hand move every object to make room for the trace to get by.

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184 Interac ve Rou ng

Rou ng Op onsWhen selec ng an object for rou ng, the RMB pulldown provides many op ons available to help users place traces into a design with minimal eff ort. This topic will allow you to experiment with some of the op ons.❶❶ There are several plowing op ons for the interac ve router.

The current se ng is Plow with pointer.This means as the pointer moves the plowing occurs. On the right click menu there is the ability to use No plowing, Plow a er click, and Rip up obstruc ng traces.Try out these diff erent plowing techniques. To do so, simply select your preference from the pulldown menu and drag the trace through the design. Behavior of the diff erent plow mechanisms will depend on which one has been enabled. Experiment freely.

❷❷ Select a connec on you wish to route. Select the RMB while rou ng and deselect the Check Clearance op on. Now drag the cursor around and no ce how the system no longer prevents the trace from going into areas that would normally create a viola on.

❸❸ Route a por on of the trace over another trace. Select the LMB to add a corner. No ce an error appears at the inter-sect point of the two traces.

❹❹ Select the Backspace keyboard key to remove the viola ng corner.

❺ ❺ While s ll rou ng a trace, hit the RMB, select the Check Clearance op on from the pulldown to re-enable it.

❻❻ With the trace s ll moving with the cursor, select the RMB and deselect the Dynamic Route op on. Now drag the cur-sor around.No ce that the system moves in only one direc on at a me but s ll pushes and shoves traces out of the way. Each me the user clicks it places an anchor point and allows the users to change direc ons.

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185Interac ve Rou ng

Rou ng Op ons (con nued)

❼❼ While the trace is s ll being routed select the RMB and select the Dynamic Route check mark to re-enable it.

❽❽ To change the width of a trace you can select the RMB (while rou ng), select the Width pull-right arrow and select the desired width from a menu.You can also use a keyboard modeless command to ac-complish the same results. Type W <space> 8 and then hit enter. The trace width will change to 8 mils from the last corner point.

❾❾ To change layers, click to add a corner where you would like to place via and type the modeless command L <space> 2 (make sure you are currently not on layer 2). Make sure you hit the OK bu on (or the Enter Key) to execute the modeless command. No ce: You are now rou ng on layer 2 and via was added at the loca on of the last corner prior to ini at-ing the modeless command.

❿❿ To complete the trace you can hit the RMB and select Complete, you can double click the LMB or you can place the cursor over the termina ng pad and se-lect using the LMB. All styles are available for you to choose from.

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186 Interac ve Rou ng

Route and Fanout


❷❷ Select the RMB and set your fi lter mode to Select Components.

❸❸ Using the LMB select U8. Select the RMB and select Fanout from the pulldown menu. No ce how the se-lected component fanout’s automa cally appear.Note: The Fanout style can be set using the Default Proper- es for global applica on (with nothing selected hit RMB

then Proper es/Fanout) or from Component Proper es for individual fanout applica ons (select Component then hit RMB then Proper es/Fanout).

❹❹ Using the LMB select U6.❺ ❺ Select the RMB followed by Route. No ce how the nets

connected to any of the component pins get routed automa cally.

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187

Lesson 26: PADS Interac ve High Speed Rou ng and Autorou ngThe PADS Interac ve HSD manual rou ng features allows inter-ac ve rou ng of trace lengths based constraints like Matched Length, Min/Max Length, and Diff eren al Pair constraints set. During interac ve rou ng the system gives real- me feedback on length constraints assigned to those nets. Length-based Con-straints are recognized in real- me to allow accurate and mely rou ng of cri cal nets. The Length Monitor can iden fy when a trace is within the defi ned length constraint by changing the color of the monitor. The color coding on the monitor also helps users to determine when they are close, within or have exceeded the length con-straint defi ned on the net, while they are adding the trace data. The HSD op on also allows for rou ng using accordions. Users can add accordions quickly based on default parameters or by re-defi ning the shape on the fl y. The Spreadsheet window provides real- me feedback on trace lengths as their routed in the design. You can also receive real- me color codes on nets that fall short, fall within and exceed

length limits set via rules right from within the spreadsheet view.

Diff eren al Pair rou ng can be completed quickly and accurately by selec ng one of the two nets defi ned. The second net auto-ma cally couples the fi rst maintaining the set spacing defi ned in the design rules. Accordion style rou ng can be applied to Dif-feren al Pair traces as well allowing you to maximize your trace length in minimum space. Tuning diff eren al pair traces can also be done so the two lengths of the diff eren al pair are iden cal in length.Traces that require special length considera ons can be selected and routed prior to all others using interac ve mode. Saves me and increases accuracy. Tune will a adjust nets to their

defi ned lengths. This can be done to individual nets selected in-terac vely. These features further help designers to meet their design constraints with effi ciency. Autorou ng is also available for batch rou ng of all nets making it even easier to complete your rou ng requirement using an automated format.

Interac ve High Speed Rou ng and Autorou ng

188

Tuning Nets with Accordions


❷❷ Zoom In on the pink net on the bo om center of the board using the MMB.

❸❸ With nothing selected hit the RMB and set the select mode to Select Unroute/Pins.

❹❹ Now select the pink rats net with the LMB.❺ ❺ Open up the Naviga on window by selec ng Project

Navigator bu on.❻❻ Press the F3 bu on (or right click on layout and select

Interac ve Rou ng) to start interac vely rou ng.❼❼ No ce how the Naviga on windows adjusts the color

of the net (Yellow, Green, Red) as you route with dif-ferent lengths. The yellow stands for the fact that the route is under the rule minimum length, the green is within limits and the red means you have exceeded the limit. Look at the Status bar in the lower right hand corner and review the contents.This shows the user the routed length, es mated length if trace was completed, min and max length rule.

❽❽ Using the modeless command, type AO then press En-ter. This will put the interac ve router in an orthogonal route angle mode forcing all corners into a 90 degree corner mode.

❾❾ Start rou ng to the right as shown.❿❿ Select the RMB (while rou ng), followed by selec ng

Add Accordion (or hit the SHIFT + A at the same me). This will put you in Accordion mode so that you can add an accordion to add length to the net.


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189

Tuning Nets with Accordions (con nued)

⓫⓫ Drag the cursor to the right and no ce an accordion starts drawing.

⓬⓬ Move the cursor back to where the accordion started.⓭⓭ Start moving the mouse down un l it is close to the

connector pads. Once there select the LMB to set one side of the accordion amplitude.

⓮⓮ Start moving the mouse up un l it is close to row of component pads (on U26) and select the LMB a second me. This will reset the total accordion amplitude.

⓯ ⓯ Now drag your cursor to the right and watch the pro-gram automa cally add a new accordion using the new values.

⓰⓰ Drag the cursor slowly and watch the Project Naviga- on window change the trace color to green and then

red. The green informs the user the length is within the design rule constraint range and the red tells the user it is above the maximum design rule.

⓱⓱ Press the ESC key twice to exit the rou ng.⓲⓲ Select the Naviga on Window bu on to close the

navigator window.


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190

Rou ng Diff eren al Pairs

❶❶ Select the HOME keyboard key or the Zoom to Board bu on to zoom up around the en re board outline.

❷❷ Find the bright blue nets located on the le side of the edge connector

❸❸ Zoom in (using MMB) on the diff pair nets. Remember, you can use the PageUp key as well to zoom in.

❹❹ Change the angle mode again to diagonal using the modeless command AD. Hit the Enter key to complete the ac vity.

❺ ❺ Select the Interac ve Route bu on from the Route Edi ng Tool bar.

❻❻ Select one of the two green nets with the LMB. No ce how the rou ng environment automa cally recognizes that the net is part of a diff eren al pair based on the rule and begins rou ng both nets as a Diff Pair.

❼❼ No ce how the program automa cally brings the diff er-en al pairs matching the preset GAP distances. When the rou ng seems to neck out of the pads appropri-ately, select the LMB to lock down the traces exi ng the pads.

❽❽ Select the Backspace key to remove the previous cor-ners if you wish to change the rou ng pa ern.

❾❾ With the two traces s ll coupled together, con nue rou ng the diff eren al pair as you would a single net. No ce how the program maintains the gap even when moving at an angle.

❿❿ Move the diff eren al pair past the pads from the com-ponent above it and watch the pair automa cally split around the pad. NOTE: This will only occur if a corner has not been added prior to coming in contact with objects that will force the separa on of the diff pair.


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191

Rou ng Diff eren al Pairs (con nued)

⓫⓫ Move the cursor below the pad to remove the sec on of trace that separated due to the obstacles. Select the LMB to add a corner and route up toward the termina ng pad.

⓬⓬ The user also has the ability to route part of the diff eren al pair separately. While s ll rou ng the diff pair, select the RMB and select Route Separately.

⓭⓭ Route the fi rst trace around one of the pads as shown. ⓮⓮ Select the RMB again and select Switch Trace (or Tab Key) to

toggle to the second of the two diff pair traces. Route this one around an obstacle as well.

⓯ ⓯ Once completed, select the LMB again followed by the Route Separately command (or Shi + Z) to rejoin the pair together.Note: This will only work if the vias and traces are unprotected. Go to Tools>Op ons>Rou ng Tab and under the Interac ve Rou ng sec- on, uncheck Protect Traces and Vias when crea ng segments.

⓰⓰ Now hold down SHIFT and LMB. This will place vias on the diff eren al pair.Make sure that the Layer Pair is chosen correctly (choose one of the Rou ng Layers as the Second Layer) or else rou ng might not con nue from the vias dropping to the VDD or GND planes due to restric ons on the par cular diff eren al pairs.

⓱⓱ Select the Cntrl + Tab key to toggle between the diff erent available via pa ern that can be added to the selected dif-feren al pair.

⓲⓲ Select the Backspace key to remove the other corners just in case you need to change direc on.

⓳⓳ You can add accordions to the diff eren al pair as well. While rou ng the diff pair select the RMB followed by selec ng the Add Accordion entry from the pulldown menu (or select the Shi + A key).

⓴⓴ Con nue experimen ng with rou ng diff eren al pairs.


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192

Rou ng Matched Length Traces

❶❶ Select the HOME key or the Zoom to Board bu on to zoom full board.

❷❷ Open up the Project Explorer pane by selec ng the Project Explorer bu on.

❸❸ Select the [+] sign next to Net Objects to expand that design category.

❹❹ Select the [+] sign next to the Matched Length Net Groups to expand that as well.

❺ ❺ Select the [+] sign one more me expand the MLNet-Group1 design item.

❻❻ Select the [+] sign next to MatchTrack and no ce there are two nets that lie beneath this group. No ce when you select the nets in the Explorer pane, the items are selected on the bo om of the board.

❼❼ With the nets highlighted, place the cursor in the work-ing area, hit the RMB and select Route.

❽❽ Select the Modeless command U to turn off connec- ons.

Note: To enable the display of connec ons again just enable the modeless command U a second me.

❾❾ Click on MLNetGroup1 in the Project Explorer pane. No ce it highlights even when routed.

❿❿ Using the cursor from within the Explorer Pane, select ASYNC- net.


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193

Rou ng Matched Length Traces (con nued)

⓫⓫ From the same Pane, select ASYNC+ using the CTRL + LMB.

⓬⓬ Close the Project Explorer window by selec ng the Project Explorer bu on.

⓭⓭ Open up the Spreadsheet window by selec ng the Spreadsheet bu on.

⓮⓮ Select the Object Type called Net.⓯ ⓯ Select the Net Length Monitor from the right pull

down. No ce how the Routed Length of both traces is the same.Also no ce how the value is equivalent to the minimum length rule. PADS Autorouter always tries to route to the minimum length. The accordions were added to create this length.


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194

Autorouter Strategy Setup


❷❷ Select the Tools > Op ons pull down menu.❸❸ Select the Rou ng tab.❹❹ Toggle through the diff erent Rou ng Angles (Orthogo-

nal, Diagonal, Any Angle). ❺ ❺ No ce the Preview image changes to present a visual

image of your selec on.❻❻ Select the Strategy tab. No ce the Pass Names

(Fanout, Pa erns, Route, Op mize, Center, Test point, Tune and Miters).

❼❼ No ce the column op ons: Pass, Protect, Pause, and Intensity.

❽❽ Using the cursor double click on top of the word Com-ponents. No ce all the parts in the design become displayed.

❾❾ Select the [-] sign to minimize the Components.❿❿ Using the cursor double click on top of Net Objects to

expand that por on of the dialog.⓫⓫ Double click over the Nets item and no ce a list of nets

appear that are contained in the design.⓬⓬ Place the cursor directly over the Pass Type named

Route and select it with the LMB. No ce all the items associated with the pass highlights.


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Lesson 27: Se ng Up a Design for Autorou ng


195

Autorouter Strategy Setup (con nued)

⓭⓭ From the list of nets scroll down to the net called ADDR_BUS2. Select it so it’s highlighted.

⓮⓮ Select the Select bu on so the nets moves over to the ROUTING ORDER list. The rou ng order is the order that the Autorouter is going to follow when you start the autorouter. Keep in mind the pass must be enabled of course.

⓯⓯ You should no ce that as you select the parts and nets from this menu, they highlight in the working area. The same would hold true if you selected the parts from within the working area fi rst. This is be er know as Concurrent Database Selec on. When u lizing this feature you can highlight a net in the working area which will then highlight in the strat-egy dialog so you can immediately select the SELECTED bu on to add them to the Rou ng Order.

⓰⓰ Use the Down Arrow bu on you can move the ADDR_BUS2 net up or down through the list. Se ng up the Route Order for other passes works similarly.

⓱ ⓱ Click the OK bu on to close the Op ons Dialog.⓲⓲ Select Tools > Autoroute > Start (or F9) to begin the

autorouter. Note: PADS Autoroute pops up the Command Pane and shows the pre-route analysis and the progress of the design.

⓳⓳ Watch the board complete rou ng.⓴⓴ Examine the results.


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Design Verifi ca on196

Verifying constraints, connec vity and high speed requirements is easily accomplished with complete accuracy. Ac va ng all types of checks is available through one simple dialog that pro-vides custom reports that can be exported and reviewed. Clearance checking quickly ensures all spacing requirements have been made in the en re design. Connec vity check ensures all interconnects are created with some type of conduc- ve data.

In cases where traces were mistakenly forgo en, reports help to iden fy those quickly so addi ons can be made to account for those interconnects. High Speed checks verify all high speed constraints have been taken into considera on during rou ng. Fabrica on checks verify that manufacturing considera ons have been accounted for during rou ng. Testpoint checks en-sure proper clearances were maintained while testpoints were added or their loca ons modifi ed.

Lesson 28: Verifi ca on


Design Verifi ca on 197

Verifi ca on Setup


❷❷ Select the Op ons bu on.❸❸ Select the Fabrica on Tab to view the Fabrica on Op ons

that can be set.❹❹ Select the Design Verifi ca on Tab.❺ ❺ The Design Verifi ca on Scheme Area allows you to select

pre-created verifi ca on checks.❻❻ Select the Clearances entry from the pulldown arrow.❼❼ Review the list of op ons that can be enabled that correlate

to items that can be clearance checked.❽❽ You can select diff erent categories of items to check. For

example, select Fabrica on in an entry available from the Check Design For sec on of the dialog.

❾❾ Design verifi ca on schemes can be saved by selec ng the items you wish to enable, followed by selec ng the Save As op on. You can enter the name of the Manufacturer that has special clearance requirements to ensure you meet their manufacturing requirements.

❿❿ The Conduct checks area of the dialog allows a user to describe what data will be considered during the checking analysis. These se ngs can eff ec vely disable or enable informa on from being checked when is not displayed. Select On visible objects and layers only as the mode for checking.

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198

Running Verifi ca on

❶❶ Select Object Type Clearance in the Design Verifi ca on Scheme area.

❷❷ Click OK in the dialogue box to close the Op ons dialog.❸❸ Select the Design Verifi ca on bu on.❹❹ This will enable the Verifi ca on toolbar.❺ ❺ The Clearance verifi ca on scheme should be showing.❻❻ Select the Verify bu on to enable the verify clearance

check.❼❼ No ce the viola ons that appear on the le side of the

design and on the edge connector located at the bot-tom as well.

❽❽ Enable the Spreadsheet pane by selec ng the Spread-sheet bu on.

❾❾ Select the Error category from the spreadsheet pane.

Design Verifi ca on

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199Design Verifi ca on

Running Verifi ca on (con nued)

❿❿ No ce a list of errors appear in the spreadsheet win-dow. To expand the list hit the [+] sign next to the error of interest.

⓫⓫ If you select on the error listed under the Type column the so ware will adjust the window to display the er-ror in the middle of the screen helping you to iden fy where the error is located.

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200 Design Verifi ca on

Understanding Verifi ca on Issues

❶❶ Select the Selec on Filter bu on to open up the Selec- on Filter toolbar.

❷❷ Disable all selec on criteria by clicking on the Deselect bu on.

❸❸ Enable the selec on of Errors by selec ng the Error bu on.

❹❹ Select the Selec on Filter bu on to close up the Selec- on Filter toolbar.

❺ ❺ Now select any on of the errors markers in the working area.

❻❻ Select the RMB with the error selected followed by Proper es.

❼❼ No ce how the error message explains what the prob-lem is and where it is located.

❽❽ You can also select the Ignore error during verifi ca on opera ons feature if he would prefer to disable an er-ror from being seen, during any future verifi ca on.

❾❾ Select the OK bu on to close dialog box.Now that the clearance problems have been iden fi ed, resolving the issue should be very clear.

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In this sec on:

Simula on with HyperLynx BoardSim Thermal Analysis with HyperLynx Thermal

201

Simula on with HyperLynx BoardSim & HyperLynx Thermal

202 HyperLynx BoardSim Simula on

Lesson 29: HyperLynx BoardSim Simula onThis exercise will walk you through the process of sending fi nished design from PADS Layout to HyperLynx BoardSim and selec ng a net for simula on. We will also compare simula on results with pre-layout stage we have done earlier in LineSim.

HyperLynx BoardSim

❶❶ In PADS Layout, select File > Open > Project and open C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson29\Lesson29.pcb.

❷❷ Select Tools > Analysis > Signal/Power Integrity …❸❸ In the BoardSim dialog, select the check box next to the

.REF IC Automapping fi le, then select the radio bu on next to Export pour and plane outlines and fi nally se-lect the OK bu on. This will extract all of the data and load design into HyperLynx

❹❹ In HyperLynx BoardSim select NET bu on.❺ ❺ In the Select Net by Name dialog, scroll down and se-

lect DATA_BUS0 net and then click the OK bu on. This will only show that specifi c net routed on the board.

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203HyperLynx BoardSim Simula on

HyperLynx BoardSim Simula on (con nued)

❻❻ Select the COMP bu on.❼❼ In Assign Models dialog we need to assign pin U11.

M26 as a driver (just like we did in LineSim pre-layout simula on). A er selec ng the pin, click the Close bu on..

❽❽ Select Run Simula on bu on.❾❾ In the Digital Oscilloscope dialog, select the radio but-

ton next to Rising edge. Make sure you have a probe color assigned to pins and select the Start Simula on bu on. Using the LMB, click two points in the Oscil-loscope window as shown on the top and bo om of the overshoot of the waveform to review the span of the voltage overshoot. Receivers have a lot of voltage overshoot (about 2.85V, in LineSim we had 2.9V).

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204 HyperLynx BoardSim Simula on


❿❿ Now we want to compare pre-layout simula on results from LineSim with BoardSim results that we just ob-served. In Digital Oscilloscope dialog, select the Save/Load bu on and then select the HyperLynx .LIS radio bu on. Select the Load bu on and browse to the loca- on where you have saved the fi le DATA_BUS0_no_

termina on.lis.⓫⓫ You can toggle to see both pre-layout and post layout

results of simula on by checking the Loaded results check box.Note: Diff erences between pre and post-layout simula on re-sults for receivers propaga on delay (Green and Carrot color wave forms) are due to topology and trace length diff erences. However, the overshoot is almost the same (2.9V versa 2.85V)

⓬⓬ To fi x the Signal Integrity problem, select the Termina- on Wizard bu on.

⓭⓭ The Termina on Wizard dialog suggests using AC ter-mina on at the U28.13 receiver pin. Select the Apply tolerance pull down and use the Exact value se ng. Selec ng the Apply Values bu on will assign the termi-nator and its value. Lastly, select the OK bu on.

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⓮⓮ Rerun the simula on with the AC Termina on in place. You will no ce that we removed almost all of the Signal Integrity problems related to overshoot.

⓯⓯ Now we want to compare pre-layout simula on results from LineSim with BoardSim results a er termina on. In the Digital Oscilloscope, dialog select the Save/Load bu on and then select the HyperLynx .LIS radio but-ton. Select the Load bu on and browse to the loca on where you have saved the fi le DATA_BUS0 _termi-na on.lis. You can toggle to see both the pre-layout and post-layout results of the simula on by checking Loaded results.Note: Diff erences between pre and post-layout simula on results with Termina on in place for receivers propaga on delay are due to topology and trace length diff erences.

HyperLynx BoardSim Simula on


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206 HyperLynx Thermal Analysis

HyperLynx Thermal AnalysisThis sec on will demonstarte how to perform a HyperLynx Thermal simula on.❶❶ In PADS Layout, select File > Open and select C:\PADS_

ES_Evalua on\Lesson30\Lesson30.pcb.❷❷ We need to pour Copper and Split/Mixed planes before

we transfer design to HyperLynx Thermal. Select Tools > Pour Manager and in the Flood Tab, select Flood All. Then click the Start bu on. Now select the select Plane Connect tab and click the Start bu on (if any messages about missing thermal connec on warning come up, please ignore).

❸❸ Select Tools > Analysis > Thermal Analysis.❹❹ In the Missing Height dialog, enable the check box For

All Parts, then select the OK bu on. This will extract all of the data and load design into HyperLynx Thermal.

❺ ❺ In HyperLynx Thermal, select the Run Analysis bu on.Note: Some components are running hot at 113degC. We will try to resolve two component problems.

Lesson 30: HyperLynx Thermal AnalysisThis exercise will walk you through the process of sending a fi nished design from PADS Layout to HyperLynx Thermal for evalua ng any possible heat problems and possible solu ons to eliminate excessive heat areas. This exercise does not cover all of the aspects of the HyperLynx Thermal so ware but highlights a few important features.

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207HyperLynx Thermal Analysis

HyperLynx Thermal Analysis (con nued)

❻❻ First, we will create a Screw Component in the Mas-ter Library. Select Library\Master. In the Edit Master Library dialog highlight the fi rst component and select the Copy Part bu on., Type in the name for the new part ‘Screw_#6’ and select the OK bu on.

❼❼ Scroll down in the Edit Master Library dialog, select the Screw_#6 part and select the Edit part bu on.

❽❽ In the Edit part dialog, change the parameters for this screw as shown and select the OK bu on.


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❾❾ In the Edit Master Library dialog, select Save to disk and click the Close bu on.

❿❿ Now we will need to copy the ‘Screw_#6’ part from the Master Library to the Working Library to be used in this design. Select Library\Working.

⓫⓫ In the Edit Working Library dialog (in the le -hand win-dow) Master library: scroll down and select Screw_#6, then select the >> bu on to copy it to Working Library: window and select the Close bu on.

⓬⓬ Select Placement\Screw and the part will get a ached to your cursor. Place it the layout approximately in the two loca ons as shown. For the Component proper- es dialog, select the OK bu on for both screws

HyperLynx Thermal Analysis

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⓭⓭ Rerun the analysis by selec ng the Run Analysis but-ton.Note: A er we added screws around the lower right components, the temperature decreased from 113degC to 66degC. Overall temperature for the board also lowered from 113degC to 102degC. One component in the upper le corner is s ll hot and we will try a diff erent technique below

⓮⓮ Select the Specify environment proper es bu on and in the Environment Condi on Defi ni on dialog, change Incoming air velocity to 250 /m for Front and Back sides and select the OK bu on.

⓯⓯ Rerun the analysis by selec ng the Run Analysis bu on a er changing the airfl ow velocity.Note: A er we changed the airfl ow velocity, the component and overall board temperature lowered to 93.3degC from 102degC.

HyperLynx Thermal Analysis


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210 HyperLynx Thermal Analysis

Comple ng the Design

In this sec on:

Genera ng Manufacturing Outputs (CAM) 3D Layout View Crea ng PDFs

211

Lesson 31: Genera ng Manufacturing Outputs

Crea ng Rou ng Layers (Gerbers or Laser Prints)

❶❶ In PADS Layout, select File > Open. Browse to and open C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson31\ Lesson31.PCB.

❷❷ Use the menu File > CAM to open the dialog for defi n-ing output documents.

❸❸ From the dialog shown below scroll through the list of gerber fi les that are pre-defi ned.

❹❹ You will create the outputs for the Top Rou ng layer, The GND Plane Layer 3 and the Silkscreen layer.

❺ ❺ Select the Add bu on located on the main CAM dialog.❻❻ This will bring up a second dialog where you can

iden fy the new plot name, plot type, and set the Size/Scale and Off sets.

❼❼ To complete the output for Route Layer 1 use the fol-lowing se ngs:

• Document Name = Route Layer 1• Document Type = Rou ng/Split Plane• Layer Associa on = Component Side Layer 1

This sec on will step you through the process of crea ng Gerber outputs. Gerber outputs are usually required to fabricate a PCB. Gerber fi les contain design informa on for each layer. There are also other cri cal outputs such as Drill Files and Drill Drawings.In this exercise, you will learn how to generate several types of design output fi les using the powerful manufacturing documen-ta on features in PADS Layout .

Crea ng CAM Outputs212

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Crea ng Rou ng Layers (con nued)

❽❽ No ce the Summary includes default se ngs which can be edited.

❾❾ Select the Layers bu on located in the Customize Document sec on of the dialog.

❿❿ Select the Board Outline check box so it can be in-cluded in the output.Note: You will see the “Items on Primary” become selectable when you select a layer listed in the Selected sec on of this dialog.

⓫⓫ Select the Preview bu on to see what the Gerber fi le would contain with the current se ngs.

⓬ ⓬ To zoom in on the display, select and hold the LMB to drag a frame around the area you want to zoom into. You can also click the Board bu on to zoom around the board.

⓭⓭ Click the Close bu on to close the Preview dialog.⓮⓮ Click OK to close the Layer dialog which will place you

at the Add Document dialog.

Crea ng CAM Outputs 213

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CAM Op ons and Setup Informa on

❶❶ Click the Op ons bu on to review the available Plot Op- ons.

Note: For this exercise you will not change anything. However, if you decide to make changes later you can see the eff ects in the Preview window on the right hand side.

❷❷ Click OK to close the Plot Op ons dialog.❸❸ The Device Setup bu on will allow you to choose your

desired output.❹❹ This op on is used to setup Laser printers, Penplo ers,

and Gerber output se ngs. The following dialog will change based on the desired target device.

• PRINT (Print Manager)• PEN (Penplo er)• PHOTO (Gerber Output)

❺ ❺ Click the Print bu on then Device Setup. No ce the content. It works just like Print Manger.

❻❻ Click the OK bu on to close the dialog.❼❼ Click the Pen bu on then Device Setup. This allows you

to set your penplot op ons.❽❽ Click the OK bu on to close the dialog.❾❾ Click the Photo bu on then Device Setup. This allows

you to set the op ons for genera ng Gerber output for each layer.

❿❿ Click the Advanced bu on. No ce this sets many of your Gerber output preferences like RS-274X vs. RS-274D.

⓫⓫ For this exercise we will leave this dialog as it is. Click OK to close this dialog.

⓬⓬ Click OK to close the Photoplo er setup dialog.⓭⓭ Leave the Output Device set to PHOTO and click OK to

complete the crea on of Route Layer 1.


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Crea ng Nega ve Image Plane LayersIn this exercise you learn how to create outputs for nega ve plane layers. Posi ve image plane layers use the Route/Split mixed Plot types while Nega ve Image planes require special handling.❶❶ If you closed out then use File > CAM… and click the

Add bu on again. Choose Document Type = CAM Plane and Layer = Gnd Plane Layer 3.

❷❷ Click the Layers bu on and use the se ngs shown.❸❸ Click the Preview bu on located on the right side of

this dialog.❹❹ Review the content of the Nega ve image layer. When

you are done close all windows un l you return to the “Defi ne CAM Documents” dialog.Note: Everywhere that is black will actually be void of con-duc ve material. Anywhere within the board that is white will be conduc ve material. Think in reverse when viewing this area. Also Note the thermal reliefs are clearly seen.



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Crea ng Silkscreen TopThis exercise will show you how to create documenta on out-puts like Silkscreen top and bo om views, Soldermask top and bo om views, Pastemask top and bo om views and Assembly drawing top and bo om views. In this Exercise you will only generate one but the methodology for crea ng the others is the same.❶❶ Select the ADD bu on again.❷❷ At the Layer Associa on dialog select the Component

Side Layer 1 selec on.❸❸ Set the op ons as shown:❹❹ Click the OK bu on once the Layer is selected.❺ ❺ Click the Layers bu on.❻❻ Select the Board Outline check box.

No ce there are two layers listed in the Selected sec- on of the dialog. More than one layer can be included

in one output plot. By selec ng each layer indepen-dently you can enable diff erent items on each layer.

❼❼ Select Component Side Layer 1 in the Selected sec on. (No ce the items selected in the “Items on Primary” sec on of dialog).

❽❽ Select the Silkscreen Top layer in the Selected sec on. (No ce the items selected in the “Items on Primary” sec on of the dialog).

❾❾ Click the Preview bu on and review the contents.No ce the contents are not desirable. The silkscreen names are not present. This is one of the main benefi ts of previewing the output prior to genera ng the Gerber output.

❿❿ Click the Close bu on to exit the preview window.


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Crea ng Silkscreen Top (con nued)

⓫⓫ Select the Component Side Layer 1 entry in the Se-lected sec on.

⓬⓬ Uncheck Ref Des and Part Type from the “Items on Primary” sec on.

⓭⓭ Select the Silkscreen Top item in the Selected sec on.⓮⓮ Check the Ref Des entry to add it to the list of outputs.⓯ ⓯ Click the Preview bu on and review the results.⓰⓰ Select Close to close the Preview dialog.⓱⓱ Select OK to close the Selected Items dialog.⓲⓲ Select OK to close the Add Document dialog.



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Execu ng OutputThis exercise will show you how to output the required Gerber fi les using the CAM rou ng. The same method for expor ng mul ple documents also works for single documents.❶❶ Select the fi rst document listed in the CAM dialog.❷❷ Scroll down through the list using the right side scroll

bar.❸❸ Hold the Shi key and select the last document in the

list using the LMB.No ce all documents are selected.

❹❹ Click the Run bu on.❺ ❺ At the Prompt: Do you wish to generate the following

outputs? Click Yes.


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Lesson 32: Addi onal Views

3D Layout ViewThis exercise will demonstrate the 3D viewer available within PADS Layout. The 3 dimensional view will provide a realis c representa on of what the board will look like a er fabrica- on. This is an easy way to visually analyze the extents of the

board and its components to determine if you will need to worry about collision.❶❶ Close all windows and open Lesson32.pcb in the C:\

PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson32 directory.❷❷ Select View > 3D View > Dynamic View.❸❸ Select File > Batch Import 3D Cells. Browse to the C:\

PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson32 directory and select the 3D Cells folder.

❹❹ The 3D viewer will appear. Take me to review the vis-ibility op ons.

❺❺ If the board appears too small to view simply click the “fi t all” bu on to bring it into be er view.Note: Review the Toolbar bu ons to get an overview of the available func onality.

❻ ❻ LMB and hold the mouse on any part of the board and then drag and release in any direc on to rotate the im-age. Using the mouse scroll wheel will allow for zoom in/out of the display.Note: The display will stop moving if the mouse is removed from the display window, and it will con nue once again when the mouse is placed back in the view.

There are two addi onal viewing op ons which may be useful for PCB designers and design reviewers. One op on is the abil-ity to generate a 3D view of the board and any components on the board. The 3D view can be generated with 3D component

PADS 3D View 219

models or by simple part extrusion. The other op ons which can be helpful is a PDF view of the board. By crea ng a PDF the design is easy to email to other designers and can also be used as part of the documenta on process.

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Crea ng a PDF Document

❶❶ Select File > Open. Browse to and open C:\PADS_ES_Evalua on\Lesson33\ Lesson33.pcb.

❷❷ Select File > Create PDF❸❸ The PDF Confi gura on dialog box displays its controls

in two views--a “document” view and a “page” view. The document view appears when the root item (PDF Document) is selected in the page list at the top le of the dialog box. Se ngs made in the Document view aff ect all pages in the document.

The PADS PDF u lity allows you to communicate very eff ec vely through an advanced PDF document which can be opened and viewed by anyone using Adobe Acrobat. By genera ng an advanced PDF fi le, you can send single fi les to teammates, providing them with the ability to perform design reviews using a free copy of Adobe Acrobat reader as the viewer. The PDF fi le created by PADS PDF not only contains the graphical data of the Layout, but it also contains Components and Nets informa- on. This func onality allows you to easily locate nets or parts

using search in the PDF fi le. These advanced features include the ability to jump automa cally to a subsequent instance of the net by simply selec ng the fi rst instance. The PADS PDF fi le also contains net and part informa on including a complete list of property names and values assigned. Proper es can be re-viewed by placing the cursor over a part, clicking the le mouse bu on and selec ng the pop-up with a list of a ributes for the part.

Lesson 33: Crea ng PDFs

Note: For detailed informa on about the func onality of the various controls on these dialogs, please refer to the Help system and the documenta on in the InfoHub.

Crea ng PDFs220

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Crea ng PDFs (con nued)

❹❹ The page view appears when a single page is selected in the page list. Now the se ngs will only aff ect the selected page.

❺❺ Click Create PDF❻❻ Save Lesson.pdf

When Adobe Acrobat Reader launches you should see the fi rst “Component Side Layer 1” layer of the design on the right and a list of all the layers on the le .

❼❼ Try clicking diff erent Layers on the le side and watch Adobe Acrobat jump to corresponding Layers.

❽❽ Select Component Side Layer 1 to jump to Layer 1.❾❾ Expand Component Side Layer 1 by clicking the plus [+]

next to the name in the navigator to expose Compo-nents and Nets.

❿❿ Expand Components and select C1. No ce how the screen zooms into C1.

⓫⓫ Using the LMB select the component in the design area and you will see a list of a ributes associated with C1.

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