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2.2 The Periodic table and Chemical Properties. Arrange the following shapes into a pattern of rows and columns that is logical . Dmitri Mendeleev + VIDEO. Just like you , he searched for patterns among elements - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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2.2 The Periodic table and Chemical Properties
Arrange the following shapes into a pattern of rows and columns that is logical.
Dmitri Mendeleev + VIDEO• Just like you, he searched for patterns among elements• He wrote important properties of each known element on a card and he tried to sort them out... many, many, many times
And just like you, he tried to arranged them based on their properties into rows and
columns
Dmitri Mendeleev
According to which properties do you think he
tried to arrange the elements?
Dmitri Mendeleev•Firstly, based on atomic mass (in rows)
•Then he started another row when an element with similar properties was found
Complete Think About It 2-2A Periodic
Puzzle
1. Arrange them first based on ATOMIC MASS into a
long row
2. Then find an element that has very similar
properties as the very first element (terryfoxium)
3. Put that element below terryfoxium, and repeat
the step 2 for the element next to
terryfoxium
Complete Think About It
2-2A Periodic PuzzleHINTS:
•There will be more than 3 but less than 7 columns•Some elements might be missing
•atomic mass DOES NOT have to increase from left to right (1 case)
• All form compounds with R with 1:1 ratio
• All are conductors• B.Ps range around
1000˚C and decreasing going down the group
• All form compounds with R with 1:1 ratio
• All are conductors• B.Ps range around
1000˚C and decreasing going down the group
• All form compounds with R with 1:2 ratio
• All are conductors• B.Ps range around
300 - 400˚C and decreasing going down the group
• All form compounds with R with 1:1 ratio
• All are conductors• B.Ps range around
1000˚C and decreasing going down the group
• All form compounds with R with 1:2 ratio
• All are conductors• B.Ps range around
300 - 400˚C and decreasing going down the group • All form compounds
with L with 1:2 ratio• Each element can
forms a compound with itself
• B.Ps are increasing going down the group
• All form compounds with R with 1:1 ratio
• All are conductors• B.Ps range around
1000˚C and decreasing going down the group
• All form compounds with R with 1:2 ratio
• All are conductors• B.Ps range around
300 - 400˚C and decreasing going down the group • All form compounds
with L with 1:2 ratio• Each element can
forms a compound with itself
• B.Ps are increasing going down the group
• Element missing• All form compounds
with T with 1:1 ratio• Mostly non-
conductors• B.Ps are increasing
going down the group
• All form compounds with R with 1:1 ratio
• All are conductors• B.Ps range around
1000˚C and decreasing going down the group
• All form compounds with R with 1:2 ratio
• All are conductors• B.Ps range around
300 - 400˚C and decreasing going down the group • All form compounds
with L with 1:2 ratio• Each element can
forms a compound with itself
• B.Ps are increasing going down the group
• Element missing• All form compounds
with T with 1:1 ratio• Mostly non-
conductors• B.Ps are increasing
going down the group
• All DO NOT form compounds
• ALL are non-conductors
• B.Ps are ALL negative increasing going down the group
Dmitri MendeleevHe found out (just like you) that there is a horizontal and a vertical pattern in
arranging the elements based on their
properties
Dmitri MendeleevHe also predicted (just like you) the properties and the placement of the
elements STILL YET TO BE DISCOVERED!
• a chart that organizes the elements according to their physical and chemical properties. • gives each element’s name, symbol, atomic number, atomic
mass, and ion charge(s)
The Periodic Table
the number of protons in the nucleus or the number of electrons (in a neutral atom)of each
atom of an element
Atomic Number
What is the ATOMIC NUMBER
of potassium?
What is the pattern of ATOMIC NUMBERS in the Periodic
Table?INCREASING
• the average mass of an atom of an element•Atomic mass ≈ # of protons + # of neutrons•Always written as a decimal number and measured
in amu (atomic mass units)
Atomic Mass
What is the ATOMIC MASS of
potassium?
What is the pattern of ATOMIC MASSES in the Periodic Table?
INCREASING
•an electric charge that forms on an atom when it gains or loses electrons
Ion Charge
What is the ION CHARGE of
potassium?
•an electric charge that forms on an atom when it gains or loses electrons
Ion Charge
K+KPotassium
NEUTRAL ATOM
Potassium ION
1. Did potassium lose or gain electron(s)?
2. How many electron(s)?
Ion Charge
K+KPotassium
ATOMPotassium
ION
Ion Charge• Some elements have a multiple ion
charge. •These elements can form ions in more than
one way.
QUICK CHECK1. What is the atomic mass of this atom?2. What is the atomic number of this
atom?3. What is (are) the possible ion charge(s)
on this atom?4. Did it gain or lose electrons? How many?
Workbook – page 28
The Periodic Table
The Chemical Elements
Make a table similar to thisState at Room Temperature
Appearance Conductivity Malleability and Ductility
METALS
NON – METALS
METALLOIDS
Metals
State at Room
Temperature
MetalsAll solid except…
State at Room
Temperature
Metals
Hg is liquid at
RT
State at Room
Temperature
Metals
Appearance
Shiny Lustre
Lustre = soft glow
State at Room
Temperature
Metals
Appearance
Conductivity
Good conductors of heat and electricity
State at Room
Temperature
Metals
Appearance
Conductivity
Malleability and Ductility
Both
Non - Metals
State at Room
Temperature
Non - MetalsGase
sLiquids (only Br)
Solids
State at Room
Temperature
Non - Metals
Appearance
Not very shiny
State at Room
Temperature
Non - Metals
Appearance
Conductivity
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
State at Room
Temperature
Non - Metals
Appearance
Conductivity
Malleability and Ductility
Brittle, not ductile
State at Room
Temperature
Metalloids Solids
State at Room
Temperature
Metalloids
Appearance
Can be shiny or dull
State at Room
Temperature
Metalloids
Appearance
Conductivity
No conduction of heat but may
conduct electricity
State at Room
Temperature
Metalloids
Appearance
Conductivity
Malleability and Ductility
Brittle, not ductile
GROUPS or FAMILIES
1 – 18
PERIODS or ROWS (1 – 7)
SOME GROUPS OF THE PERIODIC TABLE
THE ACTUAL THE PERIODIC TABLE
The Periodic Table
INCR
EASI
NG
REAC
TIVI
TY
Where are the
following?• Atomic number
• Period• Group/Family
• Metals• Non-metals• Transition
metals• Metalloids
• Alkali metals• Alkaline earth
metals• Halogens
• Noble gases
Worksheet #1IN
CREA
SIN
G RE
ACTI
VITY
Where are the
following?• Atomic number
• Period• Group/Family
• Metals• Non-metals• Transition
metals• Metalloids
• Alkali metals• Alkaline earth
metals• Halogens
• Noble gases
Building SpectroscopeWhat is it?
A spectroscope is a device that lets us find out what things are made of. It works by taking light and splitting it up into its
component colors.
Building SpectroscopeAstronomers use powerful spectroscopes and computers to study the composition of stars and planets millions of light
years away from Earth.
Building SpectroscopeThis is what our spectroscope will look like....
State at Room
Temperature
Alkaline Earth Metals
State at Room
Temperature
Halogens
State at Room
Temperature
Noble Gases
Textbook: 58 - 59
Think About It 2-2B
Pages: 29 - 31
WORKBOOK
Date: Thursday, Dec 19
2.2 QUIZ