Physical PropertiesPhysical PropertiesAny characteristic that Any characteristic that

can be observed or can be observed or measured without measured without

changing the substances changing the substances compositioncomposition

Physical Properties IncludePhysical Properties IncludeViscosityViscosityConductivityConductivityMalleabilityMalleabilityHardnessHardness• Melting point• Boiling point• Density

ViscosityViscosity

A measure of a A measure of a liquids liquids resistance to resistance to flow. flow.

(High viscosity (High viscosity = Thick) = Thick)

ConductivityConductivity

The ability of The ability of a material a material that allows that allows heat or heat or electricity to electricity to flow through itflow through it

MalleabilityMalleability

The ability of The ability of a metal to a metal to bend and not bend and not break. break.

(ability to be (ability to be hammered)hammered)

Melting and boiling pointsMelting and boiling points

Melting point is the Melting point is the temperature where a solid temperature where a solid becomes a liquid becomes a liquid

(water=0 degrees C)(water=0 degrees C) Boiling point is the Boiling point is the

temperature where a temperature where a liquid becomes a gas liquid becomes a gas

(water=100 degrees C)(water=100 degrees C)

DensityDensity Density is the ratio of Density is the ratio of

the mass of a the mass of a substance to its substance to its volume.volume.

Density can be used to Density can be used to identify substances- identify substances-

The density of a pure The density of a pure substance always substance always remains the sameremains the same

Using Physical PropertiesUsing Physical Properties Identifying Identifying

materialsmaterials Decide Decide

properties to properties to testtest

Compare Compare results with results with known dataknown data

Properties Properties determine determine which materials which materials are chosen for are chosen for specific usesspecific uses

Separating mixturesSeparating mixtures Filtration and DistillationFiltration and Distillation Filtration separates Filtration separates

particles by sizeparticles by size Distillation separates Distillation separates

solutions based on solutions based on boiling pointsboiling points

Physical ChangesPhysical Changes

Properties change but the Properties change but the substance remains the samesubstance remains the same

Changing from a liquid to a gasChanging from a liquid to a gas Crumbling paperCrumbling paper Slicing a tomatoSlicing a tomato