2.2 Enlightenment Ideas 2.2 Enlightenment Ideas SpreadSpread

New Ideas Challenge SocietyNew Ideas Challenge Society

► Ideas were spreading all over Europe Ideas were spreading all over Europe by pamphlet and works such as by pamphlet and works such as Diderot’s EncyclopediaDiderot’s Encyclopedia

►Began to question Began to question divine-right ruledivine-right rule and and became interested in became interested in social justicesocial justice

Writers Face CensorshipWriters Face Censorship

► Censorship- Censorship- restricting access to restricting access to ideas or informationideas or information

► Philosophers would Philosophers would disguise their work disguise their work as fiction. Voltaire’s as fiction. Voltaire’s CandidCandid is the best is the best example.example.

Question Time!Question Time!

►How did governments restrict access How did governments restrict access to information?to information?

►How did the philosophers avoid this How did the philosophers avoid this censorship?censorship?

►What is divine right rule?What is divine right rule?

Ideas Spread in SalonsIdeas Spread in Salons

► Salons- informal gatherings where Salons- informal gatherings where philosophers, writers and artists gathered to philosophers, writers and artists gathered to exchange ideasexchange ideas

Arts and Literature Reflect New Arts and Literature Reflect New Ideas: From Grandeur to CharmIdeas: From Grandeur to Charm►Before the Enlightenment the baroque Before the Enlightenment the baroque

style of art was dominant.style of art was dominant.►Baroque-A grand, ornate style of artBaroque-A grand, ornate style of art►During the Enlightenment rococo took During the Enlightenment rococo took

overover►Rococo-Light, elegant, and charming Rococo-Light, elegant, and charming

stylestyle

Baroque vs. RococoBaroque vs. Rococo

Baroque vs. RococoBaroque vs. Rococo

The Enlightenment Inspires The Enlightenment Inspires ComposersComposers

►Church music-heavy and grand had Church music-heavy and grand had been the stylebeen the style

►Classical music took root during this Classical music took root during this timetime

►Bach, Handel, Hayden and Mozart were Bach, Handel, Hayden and Mozart were some of the early classical masterssome of the early classical masters

►Middle class could afford to pay for Middle class could afford to pay for musicians to perform, only the social musicians to perform, only the social elite could have beforeelite could have before

Question TimeQuestion Time

►How did music and How did music and art change?art change?

►Why did the new Why did the new middle class middle class emerge as the new emerge as the new audience?audience?

Enlightened Despots Embrace Enlightened Despots Embrace New IdeasNew Ideas► Enlightened Despot- Enlightened Despot-

absolute rulers who used absolute rulers who used their power to bring about their power to bring about political and social changepolitical and social change

Frederick II Attempts ReformFrederick II Attempts Reform

►Known as Frederick the Great he was Known as Frederick the Great he was King of PrussiaKing of Prussia

►Brought about a free press in his Brought about a free press in his countrycountry

►Religious freedom- “In my kingdom, Religious freedom- “In my kingdom, everyone can go to heaven in their everyone can go to heaven in their own fashion.”own fashion.”

►Reorganized government for efficiency Reorganized government for efficiency

Catherine the Great Studies Catherine the Great Studies Philosophes’Philosophes’ Works Works

►Empress of RussiaEmpress of Russia►Abolished torture, Religious toleranceAbolished torture, Religious tolerance►But both Catherine and Frederick did But both Catherine and Frederick did

not give up powernot give up power

Joseph II Continues ReformJoseph II Continues Reform

► Emperor of the Hapsburg Emperor of the Hapsburg Empire (Austria-Hungary)Empire (Austria-Hungary)

► Religious equality for Jews Religious equality for Jews and Protestantsand Protestants

► Free pressFree press► Abolished SerfdomAbolished Serfdom►Many of his reforms were Many of his reforms were

cancelled after he diedcancelled after he died

Lives of the Majority Change Lives of the Majority Change SlowlySlowly

►Enlightenment Ideas were slow to hit Enlightenment Ideas were slow to hit the general population of the timethe general population of the time

►Eventually it would spark change…Eventually it would spark change…

Question Time!Question Time!

►Where did most people live during the Where did most people live during the Enlightenment?Enlightenment?

►Why would it take so long for the lives Why would it take so long for the lives of those people to change?`of those people to change?`

Enlightenment Ideas SpreadEnlightenment Ideas Spread

Enlightenment Ideas Spread

Major Enlightened DespotsMajor Enlightened Despots

Enlightened Despots