WHAT WAS THE KEY INGREDIENT THE

ROMANS INVENTED TO BUILD BUILDINGS?

2/12/2014

Bell Ringer # 9!

They invented Concrete

Architecture

Romans got most of their architectural ideas from the Greeks.

They took their buildings and modified them into their own style.

Arches, vaults and domes are what Rome is known for.

Dome The construction of the first

dome was by the Romans. Domes were found in baths,

villas, palaces, and tombs. They helped keep the bathing

rooms temperature regulated. The largest concrete dome is

the Pantheon.

Pantheon

This is a temple to all the gods of Ancient Rome

Columns

•Columns are vertical, upright pillars. •Columns may provide support or simply be purely decorative.

Vault Romans were known for

building very large vaults over halls.

Pozzolana was an important ingredient for the sturdiness of the vault.

It was a volcanic deposit that when dried it was like a metal lid.

Groin Vault

ARCHES

Romans were the first builders in the world to

appreciate the arch.

Arches Roman builders relied

heavily on the rounded arch to span large, open areas.

They mainly used arches for bridges and doorways.

Romans were known for their semi-circular arch.

Triumphal Arches

The triumphal arch was used to commemorate victorious generals or significant public events such as the founding of a new colony.

Arch of Constantine is a triumphal arch in Rome.

WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN AN ARCH

AND A VAULT?

An vault is a tunnel-like extension of an arch.

May be thought of as an unbroken series of arches pressed together.

WHAT IS A FAMOUS

BUILDING THAT HAS ABOUT 320 ARCHES ON IT?

Colosseum

This amphitheater is the largest building in the world!

It is located in the center of Rome. It is built of stone and concrete. Originally called the Amphitheater

Flavium. It took about 10 years to

build.

Colosseum

Does the Colosseum havecolumns?

What is this?

Circus Maximus

It was the first and largest stadium in Rome.

It could hold 150,000 spectators. It was prone to flooding. At first, the stadium was built out of

wood. Why would building something out of

wood be a problem?

THEY FINALLY BUILT THE BOTTOM

SEATS OUT OF STONE SO THAT IT

WOULD LAST THROUGH FIRES.

Circus Maximus: Today, it is just

a park that holds

many big events.

Most of the

track is buried underneath the ground from

flooding.

Forum Rectangular plaza

surrounded by many important government buildings.

Most celebrated meeting place in the world.

Made out of concrete.

Theater They were built out of stone and concrete.

They originally were built out of wood.

They did not have a front curtain.

Houses

Inside a roman mansion you will find a many mosaics.

The more mosaics, the wealthier the owners were.

If they had no mosaics, it would just be colored plastered floors.

Also, mansions had water piped right to them.

You could tell how rich a person was by how large their pipes were.

The larger the pipe, the higher their taxes.

Pipes were labeled with the manufacture name on it.

Roman Roads Developed out of military necessity.

Via Appia was the first major road and it took over 100 years to build.

With roads, trade flourished.

All roads lead to Rome!!

Roads! A: Stone slabsB: Small stones and cementC: Large stones D: compacted dirt

Ditch to drain water

MASTER OF THE HOUSE

Break out time!

Master of the House

At each table, there are study prints, articles, and questions.

Answer each question! You will be presenting them!

Everyone must say something! If you finish your questions and know

what you are saying, you can work on your Julius Caesar essay.

Atrium

There are spouts that drain rain water into the impluvium. Where are they located and what shape are they?

Would the atrium be a smart place to hide if there was a volcano eruption? Why or why not?

Why do you think the deceased family members’ feet faced the door?

Atrium

The spouts are located at the top of the atrium ceiling. They are shaped like lion heads.

No, volcanic ash and debris would fall in and bury you!

They place them like this so viewers would know they died a peaceful death.

Colosseum

How many stories did the Colosseum have?

What architectural structure was used in the Colosseum?

How quickly could the people leave the stadium?

Colosseum

It has 3 stories. They used arches and columns to

build the Colosseum. They could leave within 5

minutes.

There were 76 entrances!

Forum

How old is this forum today? What type of buildings were in

the forum? The portico is supported by

_________.

Forum

It is about 2,767 years old. They had temples, arches,

and senate houses. They are supported by

columns.

Circus Maximus

When was it built? Where did the chariots start?

Which side of the map? The barrier (spina) was

dangerous. Why do you think?

Circus Maximus

It was built in the 6th century. The chariots started at the

ostia The chariots would get

pushed into the spina and their chariots were destroyed.

Roman Roads

Do you think there is a better way to construct the roads?

Why do you think the roads have lasted this long?

Roads

Will vary- No, they had a great setup and the roads are still there today!

The roads lasted so long because of the drainage system!

Theater

What part of the theater remained the most unchanged by decay?

When looking at the bottom print, you can see behind the stage. What purpose might those rooms serve?

Are Roman theaters similar to ours today?

Theater

The orchestra remained the most unchanged.

Those rooms were the changing rooms.

They are similar! They have stadium seating, a stage, and changing rooms!

Pantheon

What architectural structure does the Pantheon have?

Why is the dome so famous? How did they reduce the

weight of the dome?

Pantheon

It has a large dome! It was one of the largest

domes created for its time! They reduced the weight by

having an opening in the top of the dome!