2.1 Animation: Getting Started

Introduction How do artists make computer animated movies? With computer of code of course! In this lesson you will learn how to program animation using Scratch.

Equipment

✦ Computer with Internet

✦ Scratch™ account (see lesson 1.1)

Vocabulary

✦ Pair programing – two programmers working one program on one computer

✦ Sprites – objects that perform actions

✦ Backdrops– one out of possibly many frames, or backgrounds, of the stage

✦ Scripts – computer code

✦ Costumes – a sprites appearance

Procedure Scratch is a web based programing language. In this lesson you will learn how to collect images and use computer code to build an animation in Scratch. 1. Form pairs as instructed by your teacher. You will be completing this Unit with your partner. In Pair Programing you will work together on one computer alternating who is “driving” with the keyboard and mouse. Professional coders work together to reduce errors and increase creativity. 2. Launch a Web browser and navigate to the Scratch website and login to your account. http://scratch.mit.edu/

3. Click on Create to get started.

4. First we are going to collect two sprites, right click and delete the cat and click on Choose sprite from library.

5. Choose and .

6. We will need two backdrops. Click on Choose backdrop from library

.

7. Choose and .

8. Title your project Animation and then your own name .

9. In lesson 2.2 you will program the characters to speak!

2.2 Animation: Dialogue

Introduction How do artists make computer animated movies? With computer of code of course! In this lesson you will learn how to program your characters to talk.

Equipment

✦ Computer with Internet

✦ Scratch™ account

Vocabulary

✦ Pair programing – two programmers working one program on one computer

✦ Dialogue – conversation between characters

Procedure Now that you have collected your images we are going to program your characters to talk to each other. 1. Form pairs as instructed by your teacher. The professional greeting is an extremely important part of the professional skills practiced in this curriculum. No matter how/if you already greeted your partner earlier, take a moment and practice your introductory greeting with your partner. A professional greeting includes:

✦ Squaring your shoulders and knees with the person you are greeting and using

good posture

✦ Making eye contact

✦ Smiling

✦ Using an enthusiastic, interested voice

✦ Saying something pleasant, like “Nice to meet you,” or “I am glad to be working with you,” or “I look forward to working with you”

2. Launch a Web browser and navigate to the Scratch website at http://scratch.mit.edu and open up your animation program you started in the last lesson.

3. Click on Boy3 then click on Scripts, Events and drag and drop the “when clicked” into the script area

.

4. Click on Looks and drag and drop “say Hello! for 2 secs” two times.

5. Change the dialogue to .

6. Add two more lines of dialogue . Click on the

green flag and watch Bob talk!

7. Click on and drag and drop three times. Change

the dialogue to .

8. Now that we have characters and they can talk it is time to animate them in the next lesson!

2.3 Animation: Moving Characters

Introduction

How do artists make computer animated movies? With computer of code of course! In this lesson you will learn how to program your characters to move.

Equipment

✦ Computer with Internet

✦ Scratch™ account

Vocabulary

✦ Pair programing – two programmers working one program on one computer

✦ Animation- the process of creating the illusion of motion by means of the rapid display of a sequence of static images that minimally differ from each other

Procedure Time to animate! 1. Form pairs as instructed by your teacher. The professional greeting is an extremely important part of the professional skills practiced in this curriculum. No matter how/if you already greeted your partner earlier, take a moment and practice your introductory greeting with your partner. A professional greeting includes:

✦ Squaring your shoulders and knees with the person you are greeting and using good posture

✦ Making eye contact

✦ Smiling

✦ Using an enthusiastic, interested voice

✦ Saying something pleasant, like “Nice to meet you,” or “I am glad to be working with you,” or “I look forward to working with you”

2. Launch a Web browser and navigate to the Scratch website at http://scratch.mit.edu and open up your animation program.

3. First we are going to position our character at his starting place, click on , drag and drop “go to x: -186 y: 59” to under “when clicked”. Now click on the green flag

and watch Bob move to his starting place and say his dialog.

4. Click on Bob’s Costumes and lets take a look at his four static images. These images are Bob in his four walking positions. We will program Scratch to show one image at a time .2 seconds apart from each other. That is 5 images every second!

5. Click on Scripts and build this code. Change the repeat to 40, the wait to .2 and move the repeat to the middle of the dialog code. Click on the green flag to give it a try.

6. Build this code.

Note that “repeat” is 30 and “wait” is .2.

Bob’s code will look like this.

7. Now we are going to program the Octopus. First we need to duplicate one of her

costumes, click the Octopus Sprites, click Costumes, choose the first costume and right click on it and choose duplicate. Your costumes will now look like this

.

8. Make sure octopus-a2 is chosen and reverse it

. Now it will look

like this .

9. Now we want her to glide into the scene. Click on the Scripts and build this code.

Note that you need to change “go to x:298 y:222, change “switch costume to octopus-a2” the reversed octopus and

change “glide 2 seconds to x:36 y:-14.

10. Finally lets make the octopus swim by building this code.

Note that “repeat” is 15. both “wait” are .2 and

“switch costume to” is octopus-a and octopus-b.

11. Octopus’ complete code will look like this.

12. Great work! In the next lesson we will program the backdrops and finish this animation.

2.4 Animation: Backdrops and Broadcast

Introduction How do artists make computer animated movies? With computer of code of course! In this lesson you will learn how to program your characters to move.

Equipment

✦ Computer with Internet

✦ Scratch™ account

Vocabulary

✦ Pair programing – two programmers working one program on one computer

✦ Broadcast - a message that is sent through the Scratch program, activating receiving scripts

Procedure

Time to animate! 1. Form pairs as instructed by your teacher. The professional greeting is an extremely important part of the professional skills practiced in this curriculum. No matter how/if you already greeted your partner earlier, take a moment and practice your introductory greeting with your partner. A professional greeting includes:

✦ Squaring your shoulders and knees with the person you are greeting and using

good posture

✦ Making eye contact

✦ Smiling

✦ Using an enthusiastic, interested voice

✦ Saying something pleasant, like “Nice to meet you,” or “I am glad to be working with you,” or “I look forward to working with you”

2. Launch a Web browser and navigate to the Scratch website at http://scratch.mit.edu and open up your animation program.

3. Lets choose which Backdrop will show first, click on choose Scripts and

add “switch backdrop to beach malibu”, like this. Note that the backdrop is beach malibu.

4. Add this code below the repeat. Note “switch backdrop to underwater1” and “go to x:-175 y:-57.

5. That completes the Backdrop scene change, now lets use Broadcast. We use Broadcast just like a loudspeaker, when you Broadcast a message in Scratch it is heard in all parts of Scratch. With Broadcast we communicate with other Sprites. Choose Events and broadcast. click on the black triangle and choose new message and type hello.

Attach it to the bottom and your code will look like this.

The boys final code will look like this

.

6. Choose the Octopus’ Sprite and add “when I receive hello” to the top of the code.

It will look like this.

7. Now the Octopus will Broadcast a message, add “broadcast follow” the same way you did with “broadcast hello”. The code will look like this.

8. Add “when I receive follow” to the repeat .

9. Switch to the boy’s Sprite and add “broadcast follow” to his repeat.

10. Now for a final bit of housekeeping. We don't want the Octopus in the first scene so

lets hide her, switch to her Sprite and and this code . Her final code will look like this!

11. Click the green flag and enjoy your animation!

2.5 Animation: Your Turn

Introduction How do artists make computer animated movies? With computer of code of course! In this lesson you will use your programing skills to continue the story of Bob and Octopus.

Equipment

✦ Computer with Internet

✦ Scratch™ account

Introduction Now that you have built a game it is time to remix it.

Equipment

✦ Computer with internet

✦ Personal Scratch™ account

Vocabulary

✦ Pair programing – two programmers working one program on one computer

Procedure 1. Form pairs as instructed by your teacher.

2. Open up your Scratch Animation program and continue the adventure!

3. Start by choosing a new backdrop and have Bob and Octopus move to the new scene.

4. In the new scene have the characters meet a third new character. (there is a fun shark you might like to try)

5. Continue adding on to your animation and story. Other changes you can make: backdrops, sounds and music. For an advance skill you can record voices in Scratch and

have the characters really talk! When ever you need help or want to add skills you can always search Scratch Wiki http://wiki.scratch.mit.edu/wiki/Scratch_Wiki_Home. Enjoy!

2.6 Animation: Your Own Story & Gallery Walk

Introduction How do artists make computer animated movies? With computer of code of course! In

this lesson you will write and animatie your own story!

Equipment

✦ Computer with Internet

✦ Scratch™ account

Introduction

Now that you have animation skills it is time to write and animate your own story.

Equipment

✦ Computer with internet

✦ Personal Scratch™ account

Vocabulary

✦ Pair programing – two programmers working one program on one computer

✦ Gallery Walk – Is a chance for you share your work with your classmates. You will set up your project so the other students can interact with it. You will check out all the other projects!

Procedure

1. Form pairs as instructed by your teacher.

2. Brainstorm a list of fun things that have really happened to you. Your goal is to come up with a true story that you can animate in Scratch. Suggestions: have two characters, choose a happy story, pick a story your family would like to hear and find a story that will animate well.

3. Choose your story and write the script. Here are some script writing sites. http://www.wikihow.com/Write-a-Simple-Screenplay-(for-Kids)

http://www.wikihow.com/Write-a-Script http://www.writersstore.com/how-to-write-a-screenplay-a-guide-to-scriptwriting/

4. Here are some recommendations:

Collect images first and save your Scratch program with the title of your story. Add backdrops. Animate your characters. Add dialog last.

5. Build your story! If you ever need any help consult http://wiki.scratch.mit.edu/wiki/Scratch_Wiki_Home. Enjoy!

6. Gallery Walk: Share your work with class!