20th Century Nationalism in Europe

• Bartok, Kodály (Hungary)– Songs of native Hungary with main currentof European music

• Les Six (France)– Objectivity and understatement with New Classicism– Milhaud, Tailleferre, Poulenc

• Russian School– Rachmaninoff, Prokofiev

• English School– Elgar, Vaughan Williams

• German School– Hindemith, Orff, Weill

Bela Bartók (1881-1945)

• Report on Bela Bartók by Beth Harper

Bartók - Concerto for Orchestra

• For BSO• Treats single orchestral instruments in

soloistic manner• 5 movements• 4th movement

– Pentatonic structure– Non symetrical rhythms– Composer’s love for his homeland

Late 19thC and Early 20thC America

• Shape note singing• Stephen Foster (1826-64)

– Lyrical ballads - simple music

• Concert bands– Adolphe Sax (Belgian)

• John Philip Sousa (1854-1932)• Charles Ives (1874-1954)

– Business man - composer on the side– One of the most original

Aaron Copland (1900-1990)

• Boulanger

• Used jazz idioms

• Use of American folk tunes

• Simplify music - communicate to a large public - technology

Copland - Billy the Kidd

• Story of William Bonney

• Ballet - concert suite

• Used many tunes from the Wild West

• Polyrhythms, polytonal harmony, dissonance

• Scene 1 - “Street in a Frontier Town”