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1Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi AllianceConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Wi-Fi Alliance®
Global Regulatory and AFC Update11 June 2021
2Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Agenda
Topic Presenter
1 Introduction Roytblat
2 Wi-Fi in Europe: regulatory update w Q&A Verkerk
3 Global regulatory update Roytblat
4 Automated Frequency Coordination update Lukaszewski
5 Closing Roytblat
Confidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
IntroductionAlex RoytblatVice President, Regulatory Affairs, Wi-Fi Alliance
4Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Agenda
Topic Presenter
1 Introduction Roytblat
2 Wi-Fi in Europe: regulatory update Verkerk
3 Global regulatory update Roytblat
4 Automated Frequency Coordination update Lukaszewski
5 Closing Roytblat
DEVELOPMENTS IN REGULATIONSIN EUROPE
Henk Verkerk, Vice-Chair ECC PlenaryRadiocommunications Agency
The Netherlands
WiFi Alliance Regulatory Webinar - June 11th 2021
Contents
Wifi Alliance Regulatory Webinar, 11 June 2021 6
1. About ECC2. ECC strategic plan 2020-20253. Update of developments in regulatory topics
a) 5 GHz bandb) Weather radar interference 5.6 GHzc) 6 GHz bandd) 57-71 GHz band
4. Personal notes
48 ECC members
7
About ECC
8
• Harmonise the efficient use of the radio spectrum, …
• 2 MoU’s in Eur. regulatory proces
• and 47 LoU’s, a.o.:
Structure of the ECCStructure of the ECC
ElectronicCommunications Committee
Chairman: C. Woolford (G)Vice-Chairmen: C. Seifert (D)
H. Verkerk (HOL) EuropeanCommunications Office
Director: P. Christensen (DNK)Deputy Director: J. Afonso (POR)
Steering Group
WG FMFrequency
Management
Chairman:V. Durepaire (F)
Vice-Chairmen:D. Bielefeld (D)A. Shurakov (RUS)
WG SESpectrum
Engineering
Chairman:J. André (F)
Vice-Chairmen:I. Stevanovic (SUI)A. Calinciuc (ROU)
WG CPGConference
Preparatory Group
Chairman:A. Kholod (SUI)
Vice-Chairmen:M. Weber (D)S. Talbot (G)
WG NaNNumbering
and Networks
Chairman:E. Greenberg (G)
Vice-Chairmen:D. Pisani (MLT)
IMT-Matters
Chairman:S. Green (G)
Vice-Chairmen:C. Hildebrand (D)E. Tonkikh (RUS)
ECC PT1
Updated: February 2021
ECC strategic plan 2020-2025, spectrum part
Wifi Alliance Regulatory Webinar, 11 June 2021 10
Strategic principles• Spectrum sharing• Transmitter and receiver parameters• Balancing the interests of all spectrum usersMajor topics• UHF 470-960 MHz• WBB and connectivity, incl. mobile broadband, WAS/RLAN, backhaul, PMSE,
verticals and use of higher frequency bands• General authorizations and license exempt use, incl. SRD’s, IoT, etc• Next generation satellite systems
Update of developments: a) revision 5 GHz band
Wifi Alliance Regulatory Webinar, 11 June 2021 11
• band 5150 - 5250 MHz, based on WRC 19 Resolution 229• bands 5150 - 5350 MHz and 5470 - 5725 MHz for feasibility of use on board vehicles and for
UAS radio links.
Due for decision in ECC plenary of July 2021:
• 5150-5250 MHz─ Indoor use, including installations inside road vehicles, trains and aircraft, and limited
outdoor use (Note: If used outdoors, equipment shall not be attached to a fixed installation or to the external body of road vehicles, a fixed infrastructure or a fixed outdoor antenna.)
─ Use by Unmanned Aircraft Systems only in the 5170-5250 MHz band• 5250-5350 MHz and 5470-5725 MHz
operation of WAS/RLAN in road vehicles, trains, manned aircraft, unmanned aircraft is not permitted
For the full technical conditions see WG FM doc. ECC/DEC/(04)08 (WG FM Annex 27)
Update of developments: a) 5.8 GHz band
Wifi Alliance Regulatory Webinar, 11 June 2021 12
band 5725-5850A draft ECC-report 330 (WG FM May 2021) describing the possibilities for national implementation of conditions for WAS/RLAN use above the generic SRD limit of 25mW.It should ensure the protection of RTTT/Smart Tachograph and radars (including Fast Frequency Hopping) taking into account the free circulation of WAS/RLANECC Public Consultation Draft ECC report 330Discussion on Country Determination CodeNo intention for an ECC-harmonization decision.
Update of developments: b) 5.6 GHz Weather radar interference
Wifi Alliance Regulatory Webinar, 11 June 2021 13
A list of ECC options (March 2021) that may assist in the alleviation of interference to meteorological radar from WAS/RLAN at 5.6-5.65 GHzThe ECC concluded that the options are non-exclusive of each other, and that different options might be chosen by different administrations. The issue is essentially about enforcement and non-compliant equipment. Collaboration and exchange of experiences shall be continued.
EU action: EU agency JRC draft study: Presentation on preliminary findings of JRC study regarding interference from 5
GHz WAS/RLANs to meteorological radars - update
Update of developments:c) 6 GHz: 5945-6425 MHz
Wifi Alliance Regulatory Webinar, 11 June 2021 14
ECC Decision ECC/DEC/(20)01 (November 2020) on the harmonised use of the frequency band 5945-6425 MHz for WAS/RLAN• Low Power Indoor use• Very Low Power portable use, indoors and outdoors (not on drones)
Difficult issues included:• Protection of urban rail ITS below 5935 MHz
OOB limit of -45 dBm/MHz for review until 2025• Protection of fixed links operating across the band
effective enforcement indoor restriction LPI
c) How about the upper part of the 6 GHz?
Wifi Alliance Regulatory Webinar, 11 June 2021 15
6425-7125 GHz• Studies for possible IMT allocation are ongoing in ECC PT1 and ECC CPG.
To be discussed for Region 1 at WRC-23 under Agenda Item 1.2
• There are countries outside CEPT that allocated this band to license exempt use.
ECC Contact Web www.cept.org/eccECONyropsgade 37, 4th floorDK-1602 CopenhagenTel:+45 33 89 63 00E [email protected]
so far for ECC
Next slides some personal notes
17
Radiocommunications Agency NL / Agentschap Telecom national authority on digital infrastructureMission: to improve peoples’ and companies’ trust in IT and communication networks, incl. devices in the Netherlands.
With 400 employees, the Agency is part of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy.
“Safely connected Netherlands”
tasks in area’s:
Personal notes
• Spectrum sharing:The example of weather radar interference makes some stakeholders a little cautious towards sharing. So prevent harmful interference to incumbent users, by assuring that licensed exempt apparatus with free circulation only will/can be used conform the technical regulations.• Balancing the interests of all stakeholders:5 GHz ITU primary allocation, compared to the lower 6 GHz designated by ECC on a non-exclusive, non-interference and non-protected basis. The EU is clearly recognizing the importance of RLAN/WiFi to society.
Thank you very much for your attention.
Confidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Q&A
20Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Agenda
Topic Presenter
1 Introduction Roytblat
2 Wi-Fi in Europe: regulatory update Verkerk
3 Global regulatory update Roytblat
4 Automated Frequency Coordination update Lukaszewski
5 Closing Roytblat
Confidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
6 GHz Spectrum Access –Global UpdateAlex RoytblatVice President, Regulatory Affairs
22Wi-Fi 6E and 6 GHz UpdateProprietary | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Outline -- 6 GHz Spectrum Access
• 6 GHz Spectrum Access: 500 MHz vs. 1200 MHz
• 6 GHz Regulatory Policy Decision
23Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
6 GHz Spectrum Access: 500 MHz vs. 1200 MHz
24Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
6 GHz Spectrum500 MHz (5925-6425 MHz) vs. 1200 MHz (5925-7125 MHz)
• Unlicensed technologies (e.g., Wi-Fi) relying on dynamic random spectrum access and contention-based protocols require access to multiple channels to maintain acceptable performance.
• •Next Generation Wi-Fi - Wi-Fi 7 - designed for Extremely High Throughput -- channel bandwidth of up to 320 MHz
25Wi-Fi 6E and 6 GHz UpdateProprietary | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Countries Enabling Wi-Fi 6E
See www.wi-fi.org/countries-enabling-wi-fi-6e for details
Subscribe to:Wi-Fi 6E Insights Newsletter
26Wi-Fi 6E and 6 GHz UpdateProprietary | © Wi-Fi Alliance
500 MHz Approach 1200 MHz Approach
Countries Enabling Wi-Fi 6E
ArgentinaCEPT/European UnionEgyptMoroccoNew ZealandOmanTurkeyUnited Arab EmiratesUnited Kingdom
AustraliaBrazilCanadaChileColombiaCosta RicaGuatemalaHondurasJapanJordan
MexicoPeruQatarSaudi ArabiaSouth KoreaUnited States
Proprietary | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Regulatory Policy Decisions
28Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
6 GHz Regulatory Framework
• Regulators converging on regulatory framework for 6 GHz devices - based on
three regulatory-classifications:
1. Very Low Power (VLP) devices: minimal signal power
2. Low Power Indoor-only (LPI) devices: low-power and building structure attenuation
3. Standard Power devices: require Automated Frequency Coordination (AFC) to avoid
frequencies used by Fixed point-to-point networks; AFC implementation requires open
access to national licensing database(s)
29Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
6 GHz Regulatory Policy Decision - AdoptedVery Low Power Low Power Indoors Standard Power with AFC
Brazil BrazilCanada Canada Canada
ChileCosta Rica Costa Rica
European Union European UnionGuatemalaHonduras
PeruSaudi Arabia Saudi ArabiaSouth Korea South Korea
United Arab EmiratesUnited Kingdom United Kingdom
United States United States
Proprietary | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Q&A
31Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Agenda
Topic Presenter
1 Introduction Roytblat
2 Wi-Fi in Europe: regulatory update Verkerk
3 Global regulatory update Roytblat
4 Automated Frequency Control update Lukaszewski
5 Closing Roytblat
Chuck LukaszewskiVP & Wireless CTO
June 11, 2021
WFA/WBA Update on Automated Frequency Coordination (AFC) for Standard Power RLANs
33
World GDP$24.5T26%Citizens370MWorld Land Area19.5M km213%
6425 MHz
5925 MHz
6875 MHz
6525 MHz
850 MHz950 MHz
AFC MHz/Pops318BOutdoor RLAN Market 119.5M km233%
1 Wireless LAN Infrastructure (WLAN) Quarterly Market Report and Forecast, 650 Group, 3Q2020
World’s Largest Common Market for Dynamic Spectrum
34
AFC Market & Standardization Proceeding Quickly
– One AFC provider announced availability of a development platform 2
– Two AFC prototype implementations demonstrated to FCC 3
– Both Wi-Fi Alliance (WFA) and WInnForum have active task groups working on AFC– Four of the authorized CBRS SAS administrators
are actively engaged in WFA
– In January, Wi-Fi Alliance published Draft 1.0 of the AFC System-Device Interface Specification– Consensus product of 160+ individuals from 64
WFA member companies– The WFA signaling protocol scope is shown in blue
AFC SystemRegulatory Database
Proxy
Non-Standalone AP
1
Non-Standalone AP
2Standalone AP
Client Device 1 Client Device 2 Client Device 3
AFC Device 1
AFC Device 2
Fixed Client Device
AFC Device 3
Wi-Fi Alliance AFC System Reference Architecture
2 https://federatedwireless.com/federated-wireless-extends-spectrum-controller-to-the-6-ghz-band-to-accelerate-wi-fi-6-and-5g-service-delivery/3 https://ecfsapi.fcc.gov/file/100302586574/2019-10-01%20OET%20AFC%20Demo%20Ex%20Parte.pdf
Wi-Fi AllianceAFC Activities
36
AFC Interface Transport & Security Protocols
–The AFC interface harnesses proven industry-standard transport and security protocols to carry Wi-Fi Alliance-specified messages between AFC System & AFC Devices
–All the AFC messages are JSON objects and shall be transported by using HTTPS (HTTP plus TLS)
–HTTPS implementations are widely available, well understood by developers, and undergo routine improvement and hardening
–Virtually all modern cloud computing systems use this architecture
Hyper Text TransportProtocol (HTTP)1.1 or later
Transport LayerSecurity (TLS)1.2 or later
AFC Message inJavascript Object Notation (JSON)
37
Three AFC Interface Message TypesMessage Purpose
Available Spectrum Inquiry Request
Ask the AFC System for available frequency and/or channel ranges & EIRP levels at the location of the AFC Device. Contains all information required by Part 15.
Available Spectrum Inquiry Response
Respond to the AFC Device with list(s) of available frequency and/or channel ranges with maximum permissible power. Includes an expiration time.
Standalone Vendor Extension
Optional, flexible message construct that can be used to exchange information and deliver enhanced services. Example uses include:• Authenticate a license key to use the AFC Service• Redirect the AFC Device to a new server address• Supply the antenna pattern of the AFC Device
38
Wi-Fi Alliance AFC Regulatory Compliance Tests Under Development
– Similar to the role that WInnForumplayed in CRBS, Wi-Fi Alliance is developing inputs for the FCC to consider as it writes certification rules:
1. “AFC System Under Test” (SUT) compliance test
2. “AFC Device Under Test ” (DUT) compliance test
– Wi-Fi Alliance work is specific to Wi-Fi technologyScope of expected FCC 6 GHz AFC
compliance tests
AFC SUT Testing
AFC DUT Testing
FCC Databases(e.g. ULS, COALS)
IncumbentOperators
IncumbentSystems
AFC DeviceProxy
AFC Device(s)
AFCSystem
AFC System Provider
Standalone AFC Device (AP)
Channel Selection
Managed APs
Data Repository
Frequency Availability Calculation
Test Via API
Test Point
TestVia API
How Fixed AFC Works
40
How an AFC Deployment Works
– AFC access points must be capable of determining their geolocation automatically
– APs must request a list of available channels from an AFC System every 24 hours
– Channel availability requests include AP geolocation, FCCID and AP serial number
– AP makes its own decision on operating channel and EIRP
– AP must stop transmitting in 6 GHz if it loses contact with its AFC
AFCSystems
Network Controller(Physical/
Virtual)
ULSLicenseUpdates
FSOperatorsGPS
41
How Does the AFC Protect Incumbent Microwave Links?– Each AFC System calculates
a a protection zone in front of every FS receiver
– Protection zones shapes vary based on FS antenna type and RLAN power
– The AFC tests whether any portion of the uncertainty region around the RLAN touches the protection zone
– If so, the RLAN is prohibited from using any channel that overlaps with the FS
FS Channel = 30 MHz (6300-6330 MHz)
Medium gain FS antenna High gain
FS antenna
AFC Not Permitted
Operation Disallowed on FS Channel
Operation Permitted on FS Channel
42
Real World Example – Dallas (Federated AFC)
Dallas has numerous long-haul FS paths terminating on high-rise buildings downtown.
The Dallas Metroplex is relatively flat, resulting in reduced spectrum availability outdoors.
43
Comparing Fixed Service in US & CanadaFS Paths Within 150 km of Toronto FS Paths Within 150 km of Pittsburgh
How Mobile AFC Works
45
Mobile AFC (mAFC) Is Vital to Success of the 6 GHz Band
– Consumers expect Wi-Fi to follow them everywhere, especially when they are in motion
– Connected low-cost mobility is the core value proposition of Wi-Fi:– Mobile users/devices communicating with fixed infrastructure– Mobile infrastructure supporting fixed users/devices in and around the vehicle– Mesh communication between mobile vehicles
– The AFC rules adopted by the Commission in 2020 contain almost everything needed to permit mobile AFC operations while fully protecting incumbent operations– Understanding how geofenced areas are applied to mAFC use cases is the key
– To an AFC System, mobile AFC devices behave exactly the same as fixed AFC devices– No changes or new rules are required on the database side
– This presentation explains how mAFC is a straightforward extension of the existing Order– A follow-on presentation will look at specific mAFC scenarios in detail including spectrum availability
4646
Existing 6 GHz Rules Permit Flexible Geofence Construction
Ellipse
– The Commission wisely adopted an ends-oriented geolocation rule that permits numerous methods of describing geoposition and location uncertainty
– An uncertainty region may be of any shape or size, so long as it contains at least 95% of geoposition measurements
– Uncertainty regions are permitted to be larger than the device’s known actual uncertainty
– The Wi-Fi Alliance’s AFC System-Device Interface provides three methods for an AFC Device to convey its uncertainty:
Linear Polygon
– Array of points
– Each point = { latitude, longitude }
Radial Polygon
– Array of vectors
– Center point = { latitude, longitude }
– Each vector = { angle, distance }
– Standard ellipse
– Center point = { latitude, longitude }
– Major & minor axis (meters)
– Orientation relative to True North
4747
A Single Geofence Rule Covers All Mobile AFC ScenariosSolo Geofence
– Low to moderate velocity
– Scale from ~1 hectare for a construction site up to several square kilometers for a mine, oil field, or farm, or small town
Chained Geofences
– Any velocity up to 100s of km/h
– Useful for geographically-constrained motion, such as along railways or roadways
– Any velocity
– For mobile APs with total freedom of operation, such as rubber-wheeled vehicles on city streets or highways
Tiled Geofences
Static area with fixed perimeterMobile APs never exit the area
Mobile APs move between areasAreas joined by predetermined paths
Matrix of chained geofences Mobile APs can enter any adjacent area
Only one AFC check-in is needed per day if geofences are precalculated.
Bus or tram on fixed route
Yard vehicle
48
Moving Between Adjacent Geofences
FS Receiver
Direction of travel
FS Channel = 30 MHz (6300-6330 MHz)
Operation allowed on FS
channel
Operation prohibited on FS channel
Any disallowed FS channel in one part of the geofence applies everywhere inside
the geofence.
Geofence 1
Geofence 2
Geofence 3
49
Chained Geofence Example – Amtrak Acela– 32 minutes from D.C. to Baltimore
– High-resolution AFC analysis every ~80 meters
– AFC input parameters:– Requested EIRP: 36 dBm– 20m +/- 3m AGL– F.1245 FS antenna patterns– 9 dB loss (polarization, feeder, antenna, body)
UNII-5 UNII-7
UNII-5(left track)
UNII-7 (right track)
18 – 24 channels*
13 – 17 channels*
11 – 17 channels*
8 – 12 channels*
4 – 10 channels*
4 – 7 channels*
0 – 3 channels*
0 – 3 channels*
* At full power 36 dBm; more channels available at lower EIRP
Closeup #1
Closeup #3
Closeup #2
50
Significant FS Density Along Acela Route
AFC currently examines all FS within 150 kilometersLink shapes correspond to 3 dB beamwidth
from TX to RX
51
Worst Case Route Sections Are Brief with Good AvailabilityCloseup #1 – 1,500’ section
(8.2 sec transit time @ 184 ft/sec or 125 mph)
UNII-5
UNII-7
Closeup #2 – 2,000’ section(10.9 sec transit time @ 125 mph)
UNII-5
UNII-7Tower with 4 FS receivers
in UNII-5
Multiple UNII-7 frequencies
crossing track
25 available full power 20 MHz channelsplus 7 more channels at less than full power
34 available full power 20 MHz channelsplus 6 more channels at less than full power
AFC query every 80 meters
5252
The 6 GHz Report & Order Is Mobile AFC Ready
Existing Rules Applicable to mAFC– U-NII-5 & U-NII-7 bands
– 36 dBm EIRP limit
– Protection criterion of -6 dB I/N
– Mandatory AFC control with 24 hour check-in
– FCCID & serial # registration required
– Geolocation certification method, 95%ile requirement
– Elevation mask
– May employ connectorized antennas
Targeted Additions to Enable mAFC– Regular geoposition rechecks by AFC device to verify it
is inside an AFC-authorized geofenced area
– Permit operation inside geofenced areas
– Automatic termination of 6 GHz transmissions if any part of device uncertainty region moves outside geofence or device is unable to determine its position
– Permit optional use of RLAN antenna patterns in AFC calculations if known
– Permit use of dynamic identifiers to reduce privacy risks
– Make mobile support optional for AFC developers
52
Mobile AFC is a simple extension of existing rules in the 6 GHz Report & Order.
Thank You!
Confidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Q&A
55Q2 2021 Member UpdateConfidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
Agenda
Topic Presenter
1 Introduction Roytblat
2 Wi-Fi in Europe: regulatory update Verkerk
3 Global regulatory update Roytblat
4 Automated Frequency Coordination update Lukaszewski
5 Closing Roytblat
Confidential | © Wi-Fi Alliance
ClosingAlex RoytblatVice President, Regulatory Affairs, Wi-Fi Alliance
