C/o nglo Egyptian bank,

11,

Cairo,

th January,, 1918.

,)(2) 1

Ly last le ter reported that 1 was le4ving f(r

the iront on the 14th ultimo, from which I returned yesterday,

having gathered as good an impression of the condition of

things as circums,unces allowed.

I was given every facility and assistance by the

Corps Commander, Lieut. Gen. ir . arry Uhauvel,who treated

me with marked courtesy as the renresenttive of the Church,

and took me into his confidence in regard to the action which

he has taken, and is continuing to take to get the number of

Church of England Chaplains increased.

l'he position is that we have, as you know, eight

men for this country, number which, in his official commun-

ication to the Department on the 24th ictober last, he desired

increased as inadequate to provide for Church of

xmgland soldiers, whose religion predominated.

,iot obtaining concurrence in his request, he again

4,ressed the matter, and I cabled to you on the 17th ultimo,

as follows:-

, ",bsolutely necessary Chnuvel's recommendation liepartment three additional Chaplains".

I sent this Cablegram for two reasons - (a) that

you might know my opinion, formed on the ground, (b) that

if mad( aware of the recomrendation of the Corps Commander,

the Church could support him.

..rye are eight Protestant Chaplains ministering

to 26,5 'id of the eoleiers. It ut: 416.6 n, therefore,

tint if eight rotestant Chaplains are necessary for that

iro_oortion, an injustice is Cone to u; in limiting our number

to eight. Certainly after the s lendid recruiting results

of the Church, quite ',part from her active support to the

111

6overnment in regard to the war, without any snecial privilege

she should get the same proportionate treatment Pis other

our Lirace,

ge - 2.

uenomin tionP.

if 26 of tne 'oleiers e n n ve eight Chaplains,

shoulu have lb; apart from the fact that soldiers who

aesire sacraments demand more work from their Chaplains

than soidiere who are satisfied with preaching.

here is a large Ctiar of men eermenently at

-ot.eczr, and no Church of -neland Chaplain. A New :et1J-nd

Chaplain who was there told me that the ustr'_li no had to

depend on him, and that he had more than enough to uo in

looking after his own men. An .-nglish Chaplin cae ?:cross

from Ismaili to conduct what few services he could, but this

he could not continue bec'use of the demands of his own work.

hc ,ustralien ). G. of one ,.11-ai there told me that,

in 10 months in ch.rge of one Camp there, no Church of ,mgland

Chaplain had even visited it.

kort aid, a huge Lest Camp, has been s-t.rted

and now 11-'s large number of men, without a Chaplain. an

txstralin Chaplin was sent 150 miles, leaving an enormous

Hospital .:41d i)etails, for the puri,ose of und y servieeo, and he found himself unable to continue because of the

serious consequences of Lrving dying men..

hese recommend.. tions are not the same as Gener 1

ChauveIss. no re,uires Chaplains (a) at 1,oaseare (b) for

the Camel 1,riE'de rUld (c) for the 2nd ustrali'_n

aoseit 1; 80 thet adding his recommendations to mine, four

more arc reuired.

In ar,dition to that, is urge the -peintment of :1 fifth

dditionfl, r a relieving Chaplain. de could be sttioned

t one of the no:3pit.is ns an usist-nt 14th .

for ox mple. t this _os it 1 there is more thn one mnn can do if he works ever hour of the day and night. In the

event of bre kduwn elsewhere, one of the two could be

o lied up.

in su, port, I noint out also the striin under

which the Chaplains work. I.,ost of them snare the lives

.,11ge - 3.

znd. eardshi u of the Men, having often ts sleep out in the

r in in their clothes.

,hen 1. /rivee I found one Chaplain way in eospitl

ill, and the story I heard of him eioneeke4ke was th't he constant-

ly struggles against weakness and illness, until .t lust, on

this 30C sion, he simply collapsed and then w s oraeree into

_loepital,but th7t meant that for some weeks the whole of his

we without Church of ngland Chaplain. se hardly

returned to duty when another Chaplain whom I met, and he

looked to me very ill, left on ' long ride to visit another

portion of his division. I le:,rnea by thelgram that he, on

arrival, was so ill that the -mbulance had to take charge of him

nd put him into the JPieid aospi.tal, and new he is a patient

in 1;o. 14 G. a. ais whole division is now without e

Chaplain, and will be for weeks.

Contrast with this an ncident 1 came across on the

6rd instant, heard that a Chanlain was ill in efsePitel

t n Camp where I spent one hours. 1 visited him and found

he had been brought in from the Iront. I asked him how his

work was getting on and ne replied a ubstitute was at once found;

but the sick man was em J:,nglish Chaplain, with 01nglish troops.

by ehoule this 'rovision not be mt,de in our ease.

rhe strain of the work was grasped by me, but it

can be greened fully, only by those who have endured it, or

have observed it for long time. One Chaplain, whom I

remember in Camp in ii.ustralia as a bright young man, now has White

!t:A.r, and his face shows the hardshies he has endured for

three eeers.

Ale strain is also increased by the neaps axy scattered

consition of the troops, and as being practically always on

the move, it means that the Chaplain can minister only

to small bodies of men end has to be constantly moving about,

net even stationary us long as the men themselves.

fe - 4.

Four celebr ttions on a tuna y is quite common thing,

and this shows the greater necessity for full eroportion

of Church of ii;ngland nests, because a iTotestent Chaplain

is satisfied with rrevohing a sermon, singing - hymn , nd

s ying a erer just as tree men are having tea in the evening,

but Church of Englnd men are wholly dis-artisfied and want

the sacr ments*

In 15 d:,;,'s I held lb services, not one of which could

otherwise have neen held. )ne boy who received Aoly Communion

at my hands told me that tae last time he had receive it was

t my hands in Camp, three years e60. This bog w s

regular communic,nt in hiu civilian life. ,notber told

me cbat, though there were occ sionl celebr tions from

time to time, he had had no opportunity for months; ne ain I remember 's a regular communicant in his civili n life. I

could give euite 7 score of instances I came across like this,

and in no way does it reflect on the Che-lains, s,-eaking of

them as a body.

The number of Church of lagland Charl ins from

England is 1 rger in pweviortion tien ours, and in addition

they have the valued assistance of eight priests who re

on the field as Church Army workers, and who minister

sz,cr ments in :e44ition to the Ch'plains, who regard this

Church Army hell, as invAlwible.

hia mail, brings me a letter from a well-known

Church boy writing at sea on the lbth august last, in which

he says "there is J. Church parade on hoard, but aa there is

no Church of ngland clergyman, the service was conducted by

a lainieter of the Church of Christ". I dont know hat

proportion the Church of Chri:t h"o given to the soldiers,

but I um Guite confitent that if we had Cha,pleins on the --me

basis we should not la to complain of the small number here.

eage-

,nother lack, ouite us serious ea the short' ge

of Chaplains, is the absence of executive 'uteority, and in

consecuence our Chaplet -le come under the rici-el Chaplain

attached to the Jnglish eruops, which through no fuult of his,

is regerded by our Chaplains es .n unsetisfactor: ,rrengement

nd i should think this is fully realised by himself.

e have three eniur Chaplains, but they ere senior

only in nem., uric inst. nee came within my knowledge of the

enior Chaplin writing to =ether saying no ought to go to

the Pront, but the letter reeking excoses, there was an end f the teensection. in my opinion there should have been sufeicient

authority to et once order him home. J=he 6enior Chaplain

concerned told me th;t, owing to his anonelous position,

he let the matter drop.

diother case occurred within my own observation.

I was asked by an U. C. to take services, on which I replied

"You have your own Chaplain", and was told th t he has gone

,way to Cairo "to visit the sick and wounded". the visit

occurred during the Christman nd Hew Year holidays, and I

have learned iu perfectly bon, fide, but I do most strongly

urge that it should not have been possible for him to go away

without the consent of the enior Chaplain of eis own brigade,

and the final oonaont of the enior Chaplain of the e.I.F.,

both of whota told me they did not know of his deLrtere even;

some urgency might arise in consequence and they would not

know what rovioion would have to be made.

,not:x3: eonee,juence follows from the lack of

euthority. I m eatiefled th .t two of our rieste t least,

should have received decorations; one ;:a. D. Y. cordon (of

Goulburn) for most meritorious work under fire (it rJas not

he vho drew my attention to this); the other ,r Geo. Green

(of 4eockhameton), who certainly earned decor tion on

Gellipoli. By an extraordinary co-incj.dence n decor ton vKLEI received by a ,rotest'nt Chaplain of the eame n Jae

who never got at Lemnos,though he was with tha exredition,

page - 6.

and never under fire like Mr Geo. Green, who also did work

which other Chaplains shirked. Chaplains of other denom-

inations have received decorations for no better, if not for

less, but on enquiring into it I am told that the lack of

authority makes the Senior Chaplains not bring forward any

such cases.

Of the social side of my work I hope to write

later when I have had an opportunity of studying the whole

problem.

I shall leave Cairo for another place in the coarse

of the next few days to continue this latter aspect of the work

and hope that within a few weeks I shall have my plans worked out.

Yours sincerely,

AricycW,./(9eec.--

The Most Reverend Doctor Donaldson, Lord Archbishop of Brisbane,

Bishopsbourne, Brisbane,

Queensland, Australia.

FROM

CHAPLAIN THE REV. CANON GARLAND, V.D.

REPRESENTATIVE FOR AUSTRALIA OF THE

CHURCH OF ENGLAND.

Your Graoe.-

eftt Airg104117,7p tier*, GAM).

Janwery 3:6 191.8.

o-*/ Aria- Referring, to a remark. I !lade on page 4 of isy letter of

the 5th. inst. that as there was no Church of rnglend ilinister servioes were conducted by the. Church of Christ, I have siice received another letter from the sane soldier.

He writes - "(in the whole voyage 'f? e had no opportunity to take communion. We heel no ;:huron of l'nglano The only Chaplains on board the ohip hAnchises" were=,- a Saoc 4n latholio rie*t, end. r 4itursoT1 i'IP10/Ving totbe Church of

Yen-r7onforzaist. There was a bit of a quarrel between the :1'ork-Orinformist Parton and the :;hurch of ;netand boys.

14e argued that he leras elethorieed by tkor. Lefence Departnent to celebrate communion for the .:;hurch of `'ngland and Protestant Denominetions. WARrIplf,d. that an he 15 I t Ohorch of T'ngland clergyr;)an, neither ordailrd accordine tor)

the rited of the Church of Pnglend, r e lied no riot -4 to e lebr ate convaunion for us. An luck Y lad hc...ve IL, re had

severril students, es well an a -..teacon of the Onurch of ?ngland ttev. 1:. Lay) on board, erul they decities1 on having itatins and .:Yvensong every *lunday. -1,0 din.*Iiitely ignored the Non-Conf orraint on.!

I /Amite tw3 conrients.- , We have oo oe oi- :-002/fl in et h

po si tion. (b) Thie incident deasonotrar.ee that the patronage

given to the Protestant Denominations% by the Defence kept, through it3 lasuibg a state nypr Book intended for l'rotestant .ienomin.ations, continues to be ia.ss d by Proteata,nt Chaplains in support of their

*argument as voiced., by Ceneral -4adley -

that the. Australian t;overnment iO3.8 provided for only one service for a31 exoept Roittan (;.atholics.

Your es FS irC OrEi lY

Mc ,et Rev. Dr, Donaldson, Lord Archb shop of Brisbane,

Blehopsbourne, BitISBA117.

Q,T.73,71L3LA-12),

FROM

CHAPLAIN 174HE REV. CANON GARLAND, V.D.

REPRESENTATIVE FOR AUSTRALIA OF THE, c/o The ,Azigio-rgypti.an .11.e 'kr_ CA.1.13,a.. CHURCH OF ENGLAND.

Your Grace. -

- 1 Yj

January 11., 191 a..

I wrote you on the 5th. i:Ist.dealing rith the question of Chaplains, to which I now add something further, and very earnests tly trust thnt SOMP 'Cl *::10r1 Will he tehen in aecordence the with.

Yor your in 'u /ale t ion I have to state - I made inquiries as to why so antsy chaplains de .ed

transfer from vgypt to rngland, and found that among other rennons, they felt they were too isoleted }ere, and had no central support. The wear and tear is terrific. Conditionu ere regarded an better in trance, and that here noone CHrP3.

At rsr,teba Hospital, during an enregement, there WW1 no Church of rngland chaplain available, all being on urgent duty elsewhere, with 41:mbularices. Therefore the Baptist Chaplain. was conducting Churoh of rngland burin's, male ministering to our dying men, which meant that dying nen asked for inly Cornunion, an were deprived thereof. In this instance they did not happen to be all Australians, but chiefly nglilsh. "Yet it affordn an illustretion of the need for a greater number of Church of rriglend Chaplaien.

The austrelian i4ounted Division in Um -thirds Australian. T e Aev. H.t.Gordon in senior Chaplain, and staters that anther man i neoefisary with .his. The lqiglieh Principal Chaplain, kr. Hordern, agrees as to the necessity, but declines to appoint an "Y7nglieh Chaplain, because the Divinion consists mainly of mistralian troops and should nave an Austr al ian Chaplain. The t ab 1 ishmen t pro v i de s for an eat/ a man - that is there should be five :ilurch of ftglalid Chaplains with a Uounted Division, but there ere only four in this. It therefore Alieens that my recortendatior for five additional chaplains should be increased to six. 1 held service in at ()leering hospital, no t far fro cl the iro o t line. The men were all Australianu and one of them told me that the only other service he had heard was a burial service.

I have not suceeeded yea, though I have tried frequently, in having an interview with Frincipal Chaplain Bordern. he has been ill in hospital niece my arrival. But on on ocension I had an interview with his Deputy, who atatea thaa the position in relation to Australia is awkwerd. That the rnglinh Departrient hen no real control. That the arrangemen ts for An etr el ien Ample inn ,are to tally different from tl!eae for 7:ng1iea 7ho ere nil undar con- tract, and are aole17, under military control. That the Principal Chaplain /Ana to refer to Austrelien IleadquariA,rn, and ttten sisply acts on its behalf. wes very positive tilat there should be rcolesiastical control for t;le iiontraliens, who should have their own Principal Chaplain.

2

hope to solve the problen of prayer -Looks by obtai king b/ purchase, the Army lIervicr Prayer 13ook 6kk Eymns, issued by vngland, but for those I shall have to pny, and advanc inc. the money from our funds, though strietly speaking they should hfa H oh ge upon definite, churoh fund 0 X shal/ send you R cop,' by npxt , ;And 3UiTis at that the Minister for :defence be asked to provide the.so for Church of I'Dglant? AuF3tralian troops, anl not nerely provide itate Prayer Book for all Australians except norian Catholics.

ii matter requiring attention 'IS the ri,41117 Of .ienior Chapirrim, qev. Maitland '4doo.13, Tleadquarter Aut3RO ;j0;ztitpd Ti!! for socie tine ben tO pronotion frorl 2nd. :o Clstlia, and haa be nn reconnended by ":,11.e 1;Orp3 Gonnander, 3ir Harry C4auvel, accordingly, but some hitch is tal,:ing place 1 Aus.t7a2.171.. ':r,ras i9 Irer:7 Mir to WIRpiRin flaitland 'rooda, Wii0 4a a natter of fac't; denerveri a decoratio:k for hi53 low enecurttlo, It iii r;O T1 MLR Ulf, fall! t 2,1;7,1 ti Aua';;;,a. reconmend that step0 be taken to get hirl his promotion without fu Cher delay.

Your ti atherrely

The Most Rev, Dr, Donaldson, Lord Archbishop of Brisbane,

Bishopshourne, -Brisb arlP

QiirrITSLADD.

9

-3..

j difJ.icu1ty n irin 1at1y, ordPrI3 ha;ing hppn rccjvecj that no bo;it i, to 1eav y7)t for untra1ia w i tho i t a chap]. aili o i r d.

u ooriF',)1j WL tZI t)U. 3 2' d.r , unit by rnrin 'irr frr th.'ront, or by wit Iwin hp1iiia fro". tn2portR dftind for Vranc, Thi*3 again rEvIa1s

r ( 33:ty LOP or' PXf?CUti.Vc! UULOi' i;y.