2016 Undergraduate Research & Engagement Symposium Program

8/18/2019 2016 Undergraduate Research & Engagement Symposium Program

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Critical Inquiry + Creative Activity + Community Engagement

= Co-creating Knowledge through Scholarship

On behalf of the Center for Experiential Learning and the Loyola Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program

(LUROP), we are pleased to welcome you to the Undergraduate Research & Engagement Symposium – the annual

celebration of research, scholarly and creative works, and community engagement conducted by Loyola UniversityChicago undergraduate students! During this event, we breathe life into Loyola’s mission of “expanding

knowledge in service to humanity through learning, justice, and faith” through undergraduate student research,

service-learning, academic internships, and learning portfolios (ePortfolios).

During each summer and academic year, Loyola undergraduate students, from all disciplines across the university,

spend hours outside of their classes to conduct hands-on, original research and to lead community-engaged projects

that not only engage their learning differently, but also advance knowledge in their disciplines and impacts thecommunities with whom they have worked. In the end, students are transformed through learning, knowledge co-

created, and communities transformed. The breadth of projects and presentations are presented today in two poster

sessions, creative scholarly activity presentations, oral presentations, community engagement projects, and student

learning portfolios alongside original research projects. We encourage you to take advantage of the wide array ofstudent presentations in all sessions of the Undergraduate Research & Engagement Symposium.

We thank the faculty, staff, and community partners who serve as mentors to our students – your work in guiding

student learning is significant, and we appreciate your time, energy, and commitment! We are very grateful to thefaculty, alumni, staff, campus partners, and graduate students who are serving as evaluators this year and ensuring

an enriching experience for our undergraduate students.

For more information about Loyola’s Center for Experiential Learning, which facilitates high-impact, engaged

learning opportunities for students across the curriculum, visit us at www.luc.edu/experiential. To learn more about

the undergraduate research program or the funded fellowships through LUROP, please visit www.luc.edu/lurop.

During Loyola’s Weekend of Excellence celebration, we hope you enjoy engaging with the learning that unfolds

through the work of Loyola students at this Undergraduate Research & Engagement Symposium!

In Service,

Patrick M. Green, Ed.D.

Director, Center for Experiential LearningClinical Instructor, Experiential Learning

♦ ♦ ♦


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Poster Presentations and Community Engagement Forum (CEF): Session 1……11:00AM-12:30PM

(Mundelein Auditorium)

Oral Presentations………………………………………………………………...12:50PM - 1:50PM(Mundelein Classrooms, Floors 2-5)

Poster Presentations and Community Engagement Forum (CEF): Session 2……...2:00PM - 3:30PM(Mundelein Auditorium)

Awards Ceremony and Reception…………………………………………………3:45PM - 4:30 PM(Sullivan Center, Galvin Auditorium/Lobby)

Outstanding Loyola Undergraduate Research Award

Langerbeck Award for Undergraduate Research Mentoring

Graduate Student Mentor Award

Hayes Award for Advising and Mentoring

Loyola University Libraries Undergraduate Research Paper Award

Community Engagement Award for Social Justice

Community Engagement Award for Innovation in Sustainability

Community Engagement Award for Impact

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Community Engagement Forum: Session 1 ..................................................................... page 6

Research Poster Presentations: Session 1 ......................................................................... page 7

Oral Presentations ........................................................................................................... page 30

Community Engagement Forum: Session 2 ................................................................... page 40

Research Poster Presentations: Session 2 ....................................................................... page 44

Undergraduate Research and Engagement Symposium Awards .................................... page 64

Index of Presenters ......................................................................................................... page 66

SCHEDULE


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LOYOLA U NDERGRADUATE R ESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES

PROGRAM (LUROP)

In addition to hosting the 2016 Undergraduate Research & Engagement Symposium as part of the Cen-ter for Experiential Learning (CEL), the Loyola Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program

(LUROP) offers guides for external research opportunities, travel grants for conference presentations,

workshops on research and presentation skills, and more. You can find these resources at www.luc.edu/

lurop. In addition, LUROP coordinates or supports eighteen undergraduate research fellowships. Many,

though not all, of the students presenting at the Symposium received support from these fellowships.

Biology Research Fellowship Program The Biology Research Fellows Program funds long-term research projects under the direction of a faculty mentor

in the Department of Biology. Students work for two years on their respective projects during the academic year

and in the intervening summer.

Biology Summer Research Fellowship Program The Biology Summer Research Fellowship funds summer research projects under the mentorship of a faculty

member from with Department of Biology.

Carbon Undergraduate Research Fellowship The Carbon Fellowship offers a full two-year, interdisciplinary research opportunity for science and math majors

to work closely with two faculty mentors. This program is designed for students who plan to pursue research ingraduate or professional schools.

Carroll and Adelaide Johnson ScholarshipThe Carroll and Adelaide Johnson Scholarship offers rising juniors a two-year scholarship to support a research

project on women, leadership, and social justice under the mentorship of a Loyola faculty member.

Center for Urban Research and Learning (CURL) Fellowship The CURL Fellowship is intended to facilitate involvement of students in collaborative research projects with

community-based organizations, social service agencies, health care providers, businesses, and government. Fel-lows are active participants in efforts to improve the quality of life of all members of the Chicago metropolitan

community.

Institute of Environmental Sustainability (IES) Undergraduate Research FellowshipFormerly known as the CUERP Fellowship, the IES Fellowship is for students to conduct interdisciplinary re-

search on issues related to unsustainable natural resource uses in the greater Chicagoland region. The Center en-

courages research projects to combine elements of ecosystem structure and function, impacts on human health,

public policy, behaviors, and other environmental factors.

The Joan and Bill Hank Center for the Catholic Intellectual Heritage (CCIH) Undergraduate

Research Fellowship

The Joan and Bill Hank Center for the Catholic Intellectual Heritage (CCIH), in support of the Catholic Studiesminor, offers a research fellowship to undergraduate students who are currently enrolled in the Catholic Studies

minor program. This fellowship is dedicated to support for CCIH-funded faculty research projects, as well asCCIH's international research projects.

McNair Post-baccalaureate Achievement ProgramThe Loyola University Chicago McNair Scholars Program is an independent program that prepares qualified un-

dergraduate students for graduate study at the doctoral level. Students participate in scholarly activities during the

academic year and over the summer. An integral component of the McNair program is the summer research intern-


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ship through which students conduct research under the tutelage of a faculty mentor.

Molecular & Computational Biology Summer Research FellowshipStudents in this program study a special class of viruses, called bacteriophages, that preys on bacterial hosts in

Lake Michigan. These students look into the impact that these viruses have on the bacterial levels in the lake. This

effort combines both molecular and computational biology.

Mulcahy Scholars Program The Mulcahy Scholars Program supports over 50 College of Arts and Sciences majors in the hard sciences who are

working on an individual research project with a faculty mentor, serving as a research assistant, or engaging as a

member of a collaborative research team to support ongoing faculty projects throughout the academic year.

Provost Fellowship for Undergraduate Research The Provost Fellowship supports over 60 undergraduate students in any academic discipline across the university

conducting research with the support of a faculty mentor.

Research Mentoring Program (RMP) This program is designed to partner graduate students who are working on their dissertation research with under-

graduates who are interested in participating in research. This summer program is designed to support doctoral

students in their dissertation research while providing an opportunity for undergraduates to learn more about grad-uate studies and graduate-level research.

Ricci Scholars Program The Ricci Scholars Program is an innovative research and cultural immersion program organized around the theme

of the meeting of East and West. The program awards selected students with scholarships for travel, research, and

exploration during a junior year of study divided between two of the world’s most important cities: Rome, Italy,and Beijing, China.

Rudis Fellowship Program The Anthony and Mary Rudis Fellowship provides scholarships to students whose research focuses on the compar-

ative study of constitutions. Recipients of the scholarship will write a 20-25 page research paper during the aca-demic year under the guidance of a faculty member in the Department of History or the Department of Political

Science.

Social Innovation/Social Entrepreneurship FellowshipStarting next year, this will be the newest fellowship. This fellowship is designed for undergraduate students who

are developing a social innovation project or social entrepreneurship venture.

Social Justice Research FellowshipThe Social Justice Research Fellowship support students conducting faculty-mentored research that explores issues

of social justice or contributes to social justice.

Summer Fellowship in NeuroscienceThis summer, the Center for Interdisciplinary Thinking and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Minor will provide

students with the opportunity to work with a neuroscientist at the Lake Shore Campus. This opportunity allowsstudents to see how questions are asked, answered, and the results disseminated.

Women in Science Enabling Research (WISER) The oldest undergraduate research fellowship at Loyola, WISER is designed for undergraduate women seeking toexplore research science, work closely with faculty, learn how laboratory work is conducted, and build a sense of

community.


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COMMUNITY E NGAGEMENT FORUM: SESSION 1 *CEF POSTERS ALONG MUNDELEIN AUDITORIUM WALLS

11:00 AM - 12:30 PM

Poster 106

The Narratives of Young Muslim Women on High School Sports Teams

Meriem Sadoun, Psychology (2016)Course: CIEP 398Community Partner: GirlForwardMentored by Charlie Tocci, Education; J.D. Trout, Philosophy and Psychology

There is a significant concentration of attention on the hijab and the religious discourse concerning ‘the Muslim woman’ andsports. However, this does not address the complexity of their experiences. This project focuses on young Muslim women ath-

letes aged 14-18, at secular government funded schools in the US, UK, and South Africa. The data was collected via the ethno-graphic method of interviews and participant observations. The data suggests that family influence, school influence, genderexpectations, and personal interest are major elements of the sporting experience. The goal of this project is to make known thenarratives of these young women.

Poster 1

The Loyola Community Literacy Center – 24 years Serving Rogers Park Adults - Jesuit Values in Action

Nicholas Olinger, English and Cr eative Wr iting (2016); Michael Ghanayen, Cather ine LawridCourse: ENGL 393

Community Partner: Loyola Community Literacy Center

Faculty Mentor: Jacqueline Heckman

The Loyola Community Literacy Center offers free tutoring to those adults in Rogers Park who are interested in learning Eng-lish, developing their literacy skills, studying for the citizenship exam, or working for their GED. While some of our learners

are native speakers, most are either international visitors, immigrants, or refugees who come from all continents, religions, lan-guage groups, and literacy levels. We provide tutoring in a supportive, welcoming environment, with Loyola students servingas tutors, staff, and managers.

Poster 2

Virtual Water of Building Materials

Abby Jahn, Environmental Science (2016); Jacob Kreiner; Graham Busler; Hunter Braciszewski

Course: ENVS 350ACommunity Partner: Rebuilding Exchange

Producing new building materials uses large quantities of water. Re-using building materials offers a more sustainable alterna-tive. We worked with Rebuilding Exchange, a non-profit organization diverting building materials from landfills through reuse,to determine the virtual water embodied in individual building materials. We focused our research on four materials: lumber,

bricks/concrete, metal, and windows. Using the information from our research, we created a tool quantifying the virtual water

of individual building materials in order to illustrate water savings to the patrons of Rebuilding Exchange.


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Poster 3

Creative Communities in Miniature Wargaming: An Ethnographic Study

Rebecca Strang, Digital Media (2016)Mentored by Florence Chee, Communication

Miniature wargamers dedicate hours of research and preparation time to paint and construct wargame figurines and terrain. This

ethnographic study looks at the creative communities built around the miniature wargaming hobby. Online communities and

web resources are explored, as well as a miniature wargaming convention, and one family provides an in-depth look into their

love of the hobby.

Poster 4

Comparison of Dental Wear in Molars in Neanderthal and Archaic Homo sapiens Groups from Southwest Asia and Europe

David Hanley, Anth ropology and Classical Civilizations (2017), Pr ovost FellowshipMentored by Kristin Krueger-Vinson, Anthropology

This research project seeks to understand differences in adult molar wear patterns between Neanderthal and archaic Homo sapi-

ens populations in Southwest Asia and Europe. In order to accomplish this, we must first understand the environmental factors

affecting both regions since factors like vegetation can cause abrasions on molars. We must examine differences in the next

wear present on molars between individuals, sites, and regions through recording wear scores on Neanderthal and archaic Homo

sapiens molars and compare these scores to the different environmental factors. Finally, we determine if correlations exist be-

tween the environment and wear observed on an individual’s molars.

Poster 5

Chiral Redox-Active Iron Catalysts for Asymmetric Alkene Functionalization

Rachel Knapp, Biochemistry (2017), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost Fellowship

Mentored by Chad Eichman, Chemistry

The advancement of human health relies on the development and synthesis of new bioactive molecules. Because most drugs

contain one or more chiral centers, there is a growing interest in using catalysts to install the chiral center more efficiently. One

way to achieve this efficacy is by using chiral ligands that attach to catalytic metal centers. The development of our new chiral

ligand will provide an efficient way to install chirality and therefore lead to new synthetic routes to pharmaceutical building

blocks. Additionally, the use of iron for the catalysis is more economically feasible and environmentally friendly. As part of our

project goal we plan on improving known reactions by adding chirality. This project will further the science community and

lead to breakthroughs in reaction stereoselectivity that will translate into more efficient chemistry.

Poster 6

Finding Outliers In Phylogeni c Trees of Bacteriophages and Their Hosts

Charles Roberts, Bioinforma tics (2017)

Mentored by Catherine Putonti, Biology; Jason Shapiro, Bioinformatics

The goal of this project is to find outliers in phylogenetic trees that have been made of bacteriophages and thier hosts. By

grouping the data found at each depths located on the tree, it is then possible to see if there are any potential outliers at that

specific depth that could be removed to improve the tree.

R ESEARCH POSTER PRESENTATIONS: SESSION 1 11:00 AM - 12:30 PM


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Poster 7

Formation of a pH Front by Shewanella putrefaciens

Milomir Suvira, Biochemistry and Psychology (2017), Provost FellowshipMentored by Alanah Fitch, Chemistry

The recent trend towards an environmentally friendly acquisition of energy can be improved through the use of microbial fuel

cells. The bacteria naturally go through metabolic processes in which electrons are transferred to terminal electron acceptorssuch as oxygen. In a microbial fuel cell the terminal electron acceptor is altered from oxygen to an anode. As a result, the ener-

gy in the electrons, harnessed by the anode, can be connected to a system that creates a small "green", environmentally friendly

electrical potential. The main purpose of my research is to acquire a clear and concise understanding of the microbe Shewanella

putrefaciens' electron transfer mechanism, and to optimize the methodologies of evanescent wave spectroscopy and controlled

potential electrolysis to characterize how the outer membrane cytochromes are affected by the formation of pH front.

Poster 8

Lingual Ephrin-A's and Ephrin-B's Repel Embryonic Geniculate and Trigeminal Neurites in Vitro

Randall Treffy, Biochemistr y and Molecular Biology (2016)Mentored by William Rochlin, Biology

Taste axons from the geniculate ganglion innervate pre-gustatory epithelium while somatosensory axons from the trigeminal

ganglion innervate adjacent non-taste epithelium. Although diffusible factors are necessary for proper innervation, non-

diffusible factors likely also play a role. Ephs and ephrins are cell attached proteins that act as receptor and/or ligand for each

other and have been known to repel, stabilize, or promote axon growth. Ephrin-A3 and ephrin-B2 are found along the lingual

epithelium and EphA's and EphB's are found in the axons. In vitro, both ephrin-A and ephrin-B repel taste and somatosensory

axons while combining immediate concentrations may have an additive effect.

Poster 9

Publicly Available Data Driven App Development

Quinn Christianson, Computer Science (2016), Mulcahy Scholar s Pr ogram

Mentored by William Honig, Computer Science

A demonstration of the developed app followed by the breakdown of how the app evaluates the data sets it was given. It will

finish with a discussion of the use of publicly available data in developing apps.

Poster 10

Glucose, Insulin, and Gene Expression in Diet-Induced Obesity

Syeda Rabab Zaidi, Economics (2016)Mentored by James Cheverud, Biology; Madeline Keleher, Biology

Obesity has emerged as a major health problem in the United States, with more than one third of American adults classified as

obese. This study focused upon the role of diet impacting diabetes related traits, investigating whether low-fat-fed mice com-

pared to those on a high fat diet were more prone to diabetes risk through changes in gene expression. These mice were studied

over a period of seventeen weeks to collect data on glucose and insulin levels, organ and body weights, and alterations in gene

expression.

Poster 11

Effect of Climate Change on Weather and Ozone in St. Louis: Implications for Climate Action Plans

Meghan Patel , Envir onmental Science and Environmenta l Policy (2017)

Mentored by Ping Jing, Environmental Science

This study intends to investigate the impact of climate change on air quality. As a critical air pollutant, ozone (O3) is known to be affected by weather conditions. This study focuses on the summertime in the St. Louis area. It examines how weather pat-


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Poster 16

The Physics of Stringed Instruments: Experimenting in the Classroom

Katarzyna Pomian, Physics and Spanish (2016), Provost FellowshipMentored by Gordon Ramsey, Physics

An analysis of twelve different stringed instruments was done using a variety of complimentary experimental methods. String

spectral analysis of sound waves was gathered for each instrument by plucking strings at different locations using picks, bows,and thumbs, as appropriate. The body resonances of different frequencies were studied using Chladni patterns, which allowed

us to visually view resonances within the instruments’ bodies. Finally, high-speed videos of the strings were taken. To find the

effective decay constants, an analysis of the string vibrations was conducted. Correlations between the string resonances, body

resonance data, and high-speed video data were made. A variety of different approaches were used to conduct a cross examina-

tion of all the different string instruments to determine the dependence of the timbre of stringed instruments on their body

shape. The experimental methods we used could be adapted into the laboratory and the related analysis results can be used to

study wave theory in the classroom at all levels in a practical way.

Poster 17

Conjugation of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) onto Eight-Arm Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) via Strain Promoted Azide Alkyne

Cycloaddition (SPAAC) as a Multifunctional Pharmaceutical Carrier

Matthew Rhodes, Biochemistry (2016), Provost Fellowship, Mulcahy Scholars ProgramMentored by Jonathan Hill, Chemistry

This objective of this research project was to develop and optimize a polyethylene glycol- bovine serum albumin complex (PEG

-BSA) as a pharmaceutical carrier. Current methods of drug delivery exhibit problems with partial degradation that occurs prior

to reaching the desired target in the body, and time-release mechanisms, which release treatment continuously, but occasionally

at excessive rates. Our sophisticated drug delivery system is designed to provide protection from degradation and lower system-

ic drug toxicity.

Poster 18

Behavioral Analysis of Team Performance on Cryptographic Tasks

Tyler Schoenwolf , Psychology (2016), Research Ment oring Progr amMentored by Joseph Bihary, Psychology

This project was part of a series of studies on group problem-solving and the social processes by which such groups function,

specifically focusing on groups’ consideration of advice presented from outside the group and their use of this advice when

attempting to solve a cryptographic code. As part of an experimental design, members of two-person teams were led to prefer

either similar or different strategies for solving the code. Team interactions were videotaped to allow for quantitative and quali-

tative analyses of group behaviors. Mixed results suggested that diversity in group members’ preferences may impact some

aspects of group interaction.

Poster 19

The Criminalization of Women in Chicago, 1870-1920

Alice Thompson, Political Science, Intern ational Studies, Spanish (2017), Research Mentoring Pr ogramMentored by Rachel Boyle, History

This research explored the criminalization of women in Cook County between 1870 and 1920 to understand how their stories

connect with broader oppressive social structures. Most importantly, it examined which types of women and acts were criminal-

ized to better understand how battles for social and political control mapped out onto women. The research was conducted via

cross-listing of criminal court records and newspaper articles.


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Poster 20

Selective Targeting of Cancerous Cells for Programmed Cell Death via Photodynamic Therapy Agents

Mark Malham, Biology (2016), Provost FellowshipMentored by RoJenia Jones, Chemistry

Our laboratory is interested in understanding the function of normal and abnormal cellular development in the vertebrate Danio

rerio, the zebrafish. Using this model organism with its unique characteristic advantages for study we can investigate this proce-dure. The folate receptor was the focus in previous parts of the project. It regulates the uptake of folic acid, fundamental for

growth and repair in cells. In cancer cells we observe an increase of these receptors allowing for its rapid growth. It was deter-

mined that these receptors are present at all cell stages of the zebrafish during embryo development. Photodynamic therapy

allows for combining a photosensitizer agent with folic acid in targeting these rapidly dividing cells. This conjugated agent was

designed and tested successfully which led to supporting the use of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Singlet oxygen radicals are

toxic to a cell causing substantial damage. By generating a compound with folic acid, a photosensitizer agent and cross-linked

hemoglobin for the production of ROS we aim to develop a method of targeting cancer cells directly and impeding continuous

growth.

Poster 21

The Effect of Sense of Belonging in High School on Parental Involvement and Active/Productive Coping Behaviors for African

American StudentsKimberly Katner, Psychology (2017)Mentored by Suzanna So, Psychology

Parental involvement declines steadily through elementary school and is too often nonexistent by middle school, which is prob-

lematic because parental involvement in school is positively correlated to academic achievement (Carneigie Council on Adoles-cent Development 1995). Parental involvement may be most helpful in regard to academic success of students when the studentalso identifies with their teachers and school environment. Part of the purpose of this study is to examine if an African Ameri-can high school student's sense of belonging in school helps to predict parental involvement in school. This study also looks at

whether sense of belonging in school effects the use of active/productive coping behaviors. In previous studies, it was foundthat productive coping style was positively related to student reported school connectedness (Frydenberg 2009). Undertakingactive techniques of coping, depends on having a high level of the sense of belonging (Wilczynska 2015). Specifically lookingat African American adolescent students, this study examines if a stronger sense of school belongingness is an explanation for

the use of productive and active techniques of coping.

Poster 22

Association Between Demographics and Unemployment Rates in Specified Regions of the United States

Chloe Greene, Opera tions Management and Informa tion Systems (2017); Andrew Harris

Mentored by Mary Mallarias, Business

Our data set compared race, age, gender, employment status and geographic region of the United States. We analyzed the rela-tionship between these variables to determine trends in unemployment across these specified regions.

Poster 23

Oscillation Frequency and Pattern Wavelength in Granular Media

Robert Schaller, Physics (2016), Mulcahy Scholars P rogram; Barbara Skrzypek; Justin Stuck; Sarah Anderson

Mentored by Jon Bougie, Physics

Current research suggests granular media can often be treated as a fluid. Unlike traditional fluids, the rules that govern granular

media are still not well understood. When granular systems are oscillated at different frequencies, shocks are created that travel

though the media. Previous research additionally found patterns in the granular systems similar to Faraday waves in traditional

fluids. By running numerical simulations of this phenomena we are investigating the relationship between shocks and pattern

wavelength. Preliminary results have indicate that instability in the shock front are integral to the creation of these standing

wave patterns.


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Poster 24

A Practical Lesson in Polarization Optics: Creating a 3D Image Using a Liquid Crystal Cell

Matthew Schmidt, Physics (2017); Akshar Kumar Mentored by Robert Polak, Physics

We have developed a 3D demonstration piece where a liquid crystal cell is used as a variable retarder to create polarized light.

Based on the voltage applied to the cell, the user can create polarized light. We created a system that converts randomly polar-ized light to circularly polarized light and displays the image on a polarization maintaining screen. By viewing the screen with

passive glasses one orientation of circularly polarized light will reach each eye, and the brain will create a 3D image. This

demonstration can be used at a (post)-secondary level to provide a practical application of polarization.

Poster 25

Characterizing Bacteria within the Bladder Microbiota

Majed Shaheen, Biology and Bioinfor mat ics (2017); Jared Cara; Arya Mehrtash; Nathaniel Polley; Kema Malki Community Partner: Loyola University Medical Center

Mentored by Catherine Putonti, Bioinformatics; Jason Shapiro, Bioinformatics

Contrary to popular belief, urine is not sterile. The human bladder is populated with a diverse bacterial community. To better

understand the bacteria found within this community, individual species have been isolated. Through the use of bioinformaticstools, we have assembled and annotated 13 strains belonging to the genera Gardnerella and Lactobacillus. Comparison to othersequenced strains of these genera provides insight into their putative function within the bladder as well as their evolutionary

history.

Poster 26

Understanding Littering Behavior Among Chicago Beachgoers

Kayla Peet, Environmental Science (2016); Yasmin Sanders-Fathi Community Partner: Alliance for Greater LakesMentored by Olga Lyandres, Alliance for Greater Lakes; Sarah Neville , Alliance for Greater Lakes

Litter, including cigarette butts, plastic, and other items, affects water quality, wildlife, and the aesthetics of Chicago beaches.We developed methodology for analyzing and measuring changes in littering behaviors among Chicago beach goers. The meth-

odology will be used by the Alliance for Great Lakes to evaluate the efficacy of intervention strategies aimed at eliminatinglitter on Great Lakes shorelines. By drawing on past behavioral studies, we created and piloted a survey and observation proto-col that will allow us to understand littering behaviors and implement effective campaign strategies to eliminate littering atChicago beaches.

Poster 27

Vitamin D and Cognition: A Review of the Literature

Joanna Sprano, Nursing (2016); Salina Ramos; Lauren Wells Community Partner: Ruth K. Palmer Memorial EndowmentMentored by Mary Byrn, Nursing

The goal of this evidence-based literature review is to summarize previous studies investigating the association between vitaminD and cognition. Vitamin D deficiency is estimated to affect more than 1 billion people worldwide and has been associated with

executive dysfunction and increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s.Therefore, the relation of vitamin D and cognitive func-tion is worthy of review. This review provides evidence that there is a link between levels of Vitamin D and cognition. It is stillunclear what the relationship between Vitamin D and neurodegenerative diseases, but the evidence from these studies prove the

existence of a link between the two. The conclusion of a positive correlation between low Vitamin D and cognitive impairmentreinforces the pursuit in understanding the role of vitamin D biomarkers in the development of cognitive dysfunction.


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Poster 28

School Lessons and Activities Associated With Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation

Nicolette Fudala, Physics and Biology (2017); Marcin Zelek; Benjamin O’Hearn

Community Partner: Senn High SchoolMentored by Robert Polak, Physics

We have developed lessons and activities in conjunction with the Next Generation Science Standards for Waves and Electro-magnetic Radiation. This work takes advantage of low-cost apparatuses and HTML programs to demonstrate the disciplinary

core ideas, including energy transfer; reflection, refraction, and transmission; interference and diffraction; analog and digital

signals. Support to students and instructors is provided through video lessons and demonstrations as well as written lessons and

worksheets. The curriculum is undergoing testing at Senn High School and included in teaching training courses at LUC.

Poster 29

An Analysis Of Methylation Patterns Within Subtelomeric Repeats As They Pertain To Cancer

Elizabeth Sheehan, Biology and Italian (2016)

Mentored by Jeffrey Doering, Biology

Previous studies have shown varying levels of methylation in heterochromatic regions within cancer and non-cancerous celllines, specifically within tandemly repetitive regions within the heterochromatin of acrocentric chromosomes. The focus of this

project was to analyze methylation patterns within both prostate cancer cell lines and what are considered normal, or non-

cancerous, cell lines as a control method in order to determine if the variance in methylation was indeed significant in this par-ticular cancer. The 6kb tandemly repetitive sequence located in the sub-telomeric region of the short arm of the 21st chromo-some was the area of focus for this study.

Poster 30

Growth Rate and Survivorship of the Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea) in Various Disturbances and Substrate Types

Claudia Urban, Biology (2016), Biology Summer Research FellowshipMentored by Timothy Hoellein, Biology

Substrate type and disturbance affect the role of invasive Corbicula fluminea by inhibiting burial and survivorship. C. flumineawas collected from the Chicago River and placed in the artificial stream facility. Clams (N=6) were placed in trays where eachtray contained one type of sediment (N=5). This was repeated in 6 streams. In 3 streams, trays were routinely disturbed. After-wards, clams and sediment were placed in continuous-flow chambers analyzing denitrification. The disturbance slowed growth

rates and resulted in reduced soft tissue mass in larger substrates. The results from the denitrification analysis expect to followa similar pattern.

Poster 31

Determining the Evolutionary Relationships among Families of Retrotransposons in Glycine Max

Rahul Shaju, Biology and Bioinformatics (2017), Provost FellowshipMentored by Howard Laten, Biology

Retrotransposons are a class of transposable elements that are major components of plant and animal genomes. Retrotranspos-ons can also induce speciation due to their ability to control gene expression. A subclass of retrotransposons, known as long

term repeat (LTR) retrotransposons, are useful for determining the evolutionary history of various organisms. LTR retrotransposons are flanked by long term repeat sequences on each side of the retrotransposon. These sequences are identical upon in-sertion but are prone to mutations over time. By analyzing the LTR regions of retrotransposons and identifying mutations in

Glycine Max (soybean) genome, we have develop the evolutionary relationships between different families of retrotransposons.From these relationships we will also gain a better understanding of how retrotransposons insert themselves into the host ge-nome.


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Poster 32

Biophysical Characterization of DNA Duplexes Containing Small Bubbles

Thao Tran, Biophysics (2016), Mulcahy Scholars ProgramMentored by Brian Cannon, Physics

Unpaired bases within DNA occur when there are errors in DNA processing and protein interactions. Processing errors can

introduce a set of unpaired bases (mismatches) and larger regions (bubbles) result from destabilization of DNA by protein inter-actions. Our goal was to explore the effect of molecular crowding on the energetics of destabilized DNA. Using optical meltingand single-molecule fluorescence microscopy, we investigated the thermodynamics of DNA containing mismatches and bub-

bles in the presence of a molecular crowding agent. The DNA duplexes were constructed from single-stranded DNA and wevaried amounts of the crowding agent, polyethylene glycol.

Poster 33

The Affects of Sodium Fluoride and Sodium Monofluorophosphate on Metabolic Lactic Acid Production of S. mutans GS5 and

S. mutans UA 159

Michael Ross, Biophysics (2018), Mulcahy Scholars ProgramMentored by Domenic Castignetti, Biology

A common bacterium found in saliva, S. mutans, is recognized as being one of the leading causes of dental caries. As S. mutans

metabolizes sucrose it produces lactic acid. This acid lowers the pH of saliva, leaving individuals susceptible to cavities. Thisexperiment focuses on observing the affects sodium fluoride (NaF) and sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) have on the acid

produced by S. mutans GS5 and S. mutans UA 159. It is our goal to find the conditions that would maintain the most basic pHthrough the duration of the experiments and diminish acidification by S. mutans GS5 and S. mutans UA 159.

Poster 34

Iron-catalyzed Arene Prenylation

Victoria Calteaux, Chemistry (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Pr ogram Pr ovost FellowshipMentored by Chad Eichman, Chemsitry

The syntheses of prenylated arenes and 2,2-dimethylchromans using a Friedel-Crafts type coupling between activated arenesand isoprene is reported using catalytic amounts of FeCl3 and ZnCl2. The simplicity of the reaction conditions and selectivity

of the prenylation products observed in this chemistry make it a viable option for teaching Friedel-Crafts chemistry to sopho-more Organic students in a laboratory setting. We have optimized the reaction conditions most simplified, highest yielding, andmost cost effective reactions that can be performed in one laboratory session. With these results we aim to create an accessible

way for sophomore students to experientially learn Friedel-Crafts chemistry.

Poster 35

Nest Quality Analysis of Mice Based on Differences in Diet

Amer Ahmed, Economics (2016)Mentored by James Cheverud, Biology; Madeline Keleher, Biology

Nest building is a common practice shared by a variety of species, playing an important role in shelter, rearing young, and the

promotion of reproductive behaviors. Diet plays important roles in the activity levels of mice, potentially having an affect on

the quality of nests. This study investigated the quality of nest building in genetically identical SM/J mice. We compared mice

placed on a high fat diet (HFD) to those placed on a low fat diet (LFD) using the Deacon Scale. Furthermore, an ethogram wascreated to analyze the behavioral activities of the mice.


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Poster 36

Molecular Dynamics of Polymer-Surfactant-Drug Interactions

Meenhaj Kabir, Economics and Psychology (2017), Mulcahy Scholars Program Provost FellowshipMentored by Kenneth Olsen, Biochemistry

Surfactants are often used in the formulation of drug tablets in order to control the solubility and release of the drug after the

tablet is ingested. Their ability to help deliver these drugs properly in humans through amorphous solid dispersions (ASD),lipid based and salt based formulations have increased significantly. This should enable the pharmaceutical companies to better

select specific surfactants to optimize the effects of particular drugs. Observation of how drugs of different levels of hydropho-

bicity interact with the polymers and surfactants, especially those of lower hydrophobicity are the current goal of this project.

Poster 37

Invasive Plant Biomass Harvesting as a Means of Conducting Phytoremediation of Contaminated Sediments in the Grand

Calumet River

Leann Ngo, Environmental Policy (2017), Carbon Under grad uate Research Fellowship ProgramMentored by Brendan Carson; Brian Ohsowski; Shane Lishawa; Tham Hoang; Institute for Environmental Sustainability

This interdisciplinary project aims to determine the potential for removing heavy metal contaminants from wetlands in the

Calumet River by harvesting common reed and hybrid cattail, which are the two most common, productive, and ecologicallydetrimental invasive wetland plants in the region. In the spring of 2015 I collected sediment samples from one uncontaminatedand two contaminated sites and analyzed them for heavy metal content using ICPMS. This year I will grow each plant species

in pots containing contaminated or uncontaminated soil and measure their metal uptake rate. I will then conduct bioassays onthe "phytoremediated" sediments.

Poster 38

Data Analysis of Crayfish Survey in Chicago Area Waterway System

Abby Jahn, Environmental Science (2016), Mulcahy Scholar s Pr ogramMentored by Reuben Keller, Institute of Environmental Sustainability

The purpose of this project was to analyze the data collected during the summer of 2015 crayfish survey. Methods of analyza-tion included graphing data, using excel to organize crayfish and scud trap location data, and working with ArcGIS, a geo-graphic information system software to create maps of crayfish and scud trap sites.

Poster 39

Effects of Short-term Global Immersion Trips on Pre-Health Students

Ewuramma Taylor, Sociology (2016), Provost Fellowship

Mentored by Anne Figert, Sociology; Kelly Moore, Sociology

Health care providers are expected to have a wealth of scientific knowledge as well as be proficient in many important proce-dures. In current in medicine, there is increasing emphasis for them to also understand the social factors that shape health,health behaviors, and patient/practitioner interactions, among other issues. Pre-health students must develop these characteris-

tics in order to be successful in their chosen health careers. But how can they achieve this goal within the rigid curriculumstructures in place? The answer may be short term global immersion trips that expose students to hands on health related expe-riences while exposing them to new cultures in other countries. My research strives to answer the question of whether or not

short-term global immersion trips affect student’s development of values critical to success in health careers, understanding ofother cultures, and development of future plans and aspirations? I surveyed and interviewed undergraduate students who have participated in trips of this nature. The data show that although students do not fully embrace values that some see as necessaryto be successful in their health careers, they do become more aware of these values in general and have direct experiences to

relate to when considering them. The findings of this study have the potential to contribute to the formation of pre-health cur-riculum as well as it stresses the importance of self-reflection of essential values.


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Poster 40

Characters and Corrections: How Society Communicates the Implications of an Incarcerated Parent to Young Children

Ricardo Vidal, Sociology and Criminal Justice (2016)Mentored by Marilyn Krogh, Sociology

Incarceration is an complex issue that plagues our nation, but it becomes even more difficult to explain this issue to children

who have a parent(s) in prison. By using content analysis this project examines children's books as a tool in communicating thistopic and helping children both understand and cope with their situation.

Poster 41

Parent-Child Conflict and Depressive Symptoms in Middle School Aged Latino Children

Diana Diaconu, Psychology (2015)Mentored by Catherine DeCarlo Santiago, Psychology; Laura Distel, Psychology

The current study aims to look at the effects parent-child conflict has on children’s psychological health, focusing on its effects

on internalizing symptoms, by looking at middle school-aged Latino youth in urban Chicago, using the Conflict Behavior Ques-tionnaire (CBQ; Robin & Foster, 1995) and the Youth Self-Report (Achenbach, 1991). The rates of parent-child conflict with

both a mother figure and a father figure are looked at. The focus of this study is to identify how parent-child conflict is relatedto children’s depressive symptoms in a Latino sample. After looking at previous studies, it is hypothesized that higher rates of

parent-child conflict will be associated with higher rates of depressive symptoms.

Poster 42

Social Justice Internship: A Transformative Education Through Service

Samia Khan, Biochemistry (2016), Social Justice Fellowship

Community Partner: Catholic CharitiesMentored by Andrew Miller, Center for Experiential Learning; Sharita Sloan, Catholic Charities

I was a social justice intern at Catholic Charities Madonna House from Fall 2015 - Spring 2016. Madonna House provides safe

shelter, food, and other resources for mothers and their children in order to help them become more self-sufficient. As a housingintern, I served as a resource for the staff members, residents, as well as work with other community organizations to facilitatevarious programs during the week. This entails planning leisure activities for the residents, developing interactive youth pro-grams for the children, along with other around the house tasks such as organizing received donations. Through this presenta-

tion I am highlighting and reflecting on some of the key experiences from my internship at the Madonna House.

Poster 43

Reproductive Mode and Phylogeny Influence Peritoneum Pigment Shade in North American Snakes

Bonita McKinley, Biology (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost Fellowship

Community Partner: The Field Museum

Mentored by Joseph Milanovich, Biology; Alan Resetar, Field Museum

There is an apparent characteristic within the peritoneum that raises questions and projects among scientists: the coloration ofthe peritoneum is not universal among amphibians and reptiles. Some organisms have a peritoneum that is almost invisible, likesnakes species Charina bottae, and Crotalus atrox, while others such as Opheodrys aestivus exhibit a peritoneum that is almost

black. We examined the pigment coloration of 104 North American snake species across five families and eight subfamilies. In

order to organize our findings, the methods were categorized into four groups: Peritoneum Identification, Photography, pigmentranking, and statistical analysis.

Poster 44

The Effects of Harvesting an Invasive Hybrid Cattail on Abiotic and Biotic Wetland Properties

Samantha Keyport, Biology (2016), Biology Summer Research Fellowship

Community Partner: Society of Wetland Scientists and the University of Michigan Biological StationMentored by John Kelly, Biology; Brendan Carson, Biology; Nancy Tuchman, Institute of Environmental Sustainability


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Great Lakes coastal wetlands are susceptible to invasion by the hybrid cattail Typha x glauca, which has been linked to altera-tions in bacterial community composition. To assess the potential for restoration to influence bacterial communities, we con-

ducted a field study at a T. x glauca invaded wetland. Cattail stems and litter were removed in 6 treatment plots, and 6 control plots were left unrestored. Five years after restoration, restored plots contained significantly less litter, but other factors in re-stored plots were not significantly different than control plots, including stem density, nutrient levels, pH, CO2/CH4 flux, or

bacterial community composition.

Poster 45

The Refugee's Right to Thrive

Allison Ryder, International Business and Finance (2016), Social Justice FellowshipCommunity Partner: Loom Chicago

Mentored by Noah Butler, Anthropology

“The Refugee’s Right to Thrive” analyzes the feminization of poverty looking at the urbanization of refugees, the benefits andhindrances of microfinance initiatives, and the empowerment of women through the creation of sustainable ways to earn a sta-

ble income. This research explores the ways that access to entrepreneurship and micro-finance programs empowers women toenter the formal business sector and stabilize their income, ultimately challenging the cycle and feminization of poverty womenrefugees face when living in the United States.

Poster 46

Crowdsourcing Communal Creativity

Austin Tolentino, Mar keting and Economics (2017), Social Innovation and Social Entr epreneur ship Fellowship

Community Partner: ThreadlessMentored by Stacy Neier Beran, Marketing

An online ethnography, or “netnography” was conducted within the online community of Threadless.com, where designs forapparel and other products sold come from the community. The netnography reveals interesting dynamics of a community thatcrowdsources and crowdfunds art. Such new trends in connected business models can democratize creativity and production.

Threadless as an art venture has created multiple ladders for members to reach the community's goal of rallying behind artwork.Though Threadless's culture has historically been consistent, its openness to exploration through artwork and conversation hasfostered a communal creativity which constantly transforms Threadless’s “aesthetic” across all of its offerings.

Poster 47

Kitchen Closed: What Access to Opportunities Looks Like for the Underserved

Samantha Happ, Political Science, International Studies, Advocacy and Social Change (2016)Community Partner: Catholic CharitiesMentored by Andrew Miller, Center for Experiential Learning

Most of the injustices of extreme poverty, aside from wealth inequality and low wages, result from the lack of access to oppor-tunities and resources. Combined with incarceration, low educational attainment, poor health, high job turnover and high crimerates, we see the effects of extreme poverty on a daily basis. In Cook County alone, over 20% of the population is experiencing

poverty; as this number grows, the harder it becomes to shrink. When we turn of the lights and lock the doors, how do we expect individuals experiencing extreme poverty to be able to maneuver themselves out? Catholic Charities Archdiocese seeks to provide comprehensive support for individuals to break the cycle. But does this work in the "kitchen" allow the underserved tograb a seat, or is it merely just keeping the light on?

Poster 48

Perceptions of Neighborhood and Internalizing Symptoms in the Context of a Cross-Age Peer-Mentoring Program

Parmida Zarei, Psychology (2016), Pr ovost FellowshipCommunity Partner: Chicago Public SchoolsMentored by Maryse Richards, Psychology

This project examined the role of a cross-age peer-mentoring program on neighborhood perceptions and internalizing symptomsin low-income, urban African-American youth. It was hypothesized that mentors who have undergone the mentoring curricu-


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lum would demonstrate a weaker relationship between negative neighborhood perceptions and symptoms of depression, anxie-ty, and somatization, with the program acting as a buffer on the relationship between the two variables. The project provides

insight into how the implementation of such programs can promote positive cognitive and psychological outcomes in youth andcan potentially serve as a future guide in the development of mentoring curricula.

Poster 49

The Impact of Parental Trauma Exposure and Child Trauma Exposure on Child Emotional and Behavioral Symptom Severity

Nerissa Fernandez, Psychology (2016)Community Partner: Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoMentored by Catherine DeCarlo Santiago, Psychology

This study examines the association between parental and child trauma exposure and child emotional and behavioral symptomsamong elementary children enrolled in an early intervention program. First through fourth graders, who screened positive fortrauma exposure and elevated PTSD symptoms by school social workers, completed questionnaires measuring emotional and

behavioral symptoms. Analyses reveal that parental trauma exposure, parent reported child trauma exposure, and child self-

reported trauma exposure were associated with overall child emotional and behavioral symptoms. While parental and childtrauma exposure were not significantly associated with child emotional symptoms, they were correlated with conduct problemsand hyperactivity/inattention.

Poster 50

Analysis of RALDH2 Gene Expression and Disease Model Development in Zebrafish

Brienne Lubor, Molecular Biology (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost Fellowship; Michelle Vittitoe; SurajSheth; Carolyn Wong Mentored by Bryan Pickett, Biology

Retinaldehyde-dehydrogenase-2 (RaldH2) gene contributes to normal development by patterning brain, vertebrae, limbs andabdominothoracic organs. We identified RALDH2’s potential promoter/regulatory regions through evolutionary comparison toother fish genomes. Then we performed transgenic experiments to fuse RaldH2 5’-cis-regulatory region to reporter Yellow

Fluorescent Protein, revealing embryonic regions where RALDH2 is active. Microinjecting RaldH2::YFP transposon DNA andtransposase mRNA generated transgenic lines with tissues expressing RaldH2. Further RALDH2 studies could clarify this high-ly-conserved gene’s role in vertebrates as a tumor suppressor gene and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome target gene. Ultimately our

studies may allow RALDH2 regulation to suppress cancer or protect developing fetuses.

Poster 51

Morphometric Analysis of the Adaptive Radiation of the Malagasy Vangas

Matthew Bonfitto, Biology (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost Fellowship; Nicole Gracias

Mentored by Sushma Reddy, Biology

Using landmarking and linear variation measurements, we aim to analyze the changes in the Malagasy bird family Vangidae

through time. We will attempt to identify trends in the size and shape of the bills and bodies of the Vangas as they evolved froma common ancestor. By examining the evolution and disparity of the Vangidae family in comparison to its mainland relatives,we can determine whether different factors drive diversity and adaptation of endemic island birds.

Poster 52

Epigenetics Characterization of Satellite III Subfamilies in CancerPaarth Choksi, Biology (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Program; Adnan Ahmad; Burhan Adhami Mentored by Jeffrey Doering, Biology

The Human Genome project did not complete the sequencing of the highly repetitive, low-expression heterochromatic regions.Our lab is constructing a detailed map of the short arm of chromosome 21 (HC21p) as a model for understanding the structureand function of heterochromatic regions in general. The heterochromatic portion of the genome is rich in normally unexpressedtandemly repetitive satellite sequences. Recent work has revealed that satellite expression is highly elevated in cancer cells

compared to normal tissue. Among these, Satellite III (SatIII) repeats showed the greatest increase in expression. Different top-level families of satellite sequence have been shown to be differentially changed in expression in cancer cells compared to nor-


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mal cells; however, currently it is not known if all SatIII subfamilies show equal changes in expression. We have developedquantitative assays capable of studying the epigenetic state of individual SatIII subfamilies and hypothesize that all SatIII tar-gets will display histone modifications consistent with transcriptional activation, but that different regions will display differentlevels of activation. If different levels of activation are found, this could lead to the development of biomarkers for cancer de-

tection and prognosis.

Poster 53

Moving Beyond Economic Growth: Planetary Boundaries and the UN Sustainable Development Goals

Gabriella Imeri, Biology (2016); Mitali Shah

Mentored by Ryan Anderson, Institute of Environmental Sustainability

By examining Kate Raworth’s Doughnut model we will explore how it contributes to solving the multifaceted global problemswe face. In essence, we wish to examine how SDGs function within the planetary boundaries framework to help us achieve a

sustainable future for both our social, economic, and environmental goals. We aim to debunk the notion of a strongly positivecorrelation between greenhouse gas emissions and Gross Domestic Product and hope to prove that the decoupling of the twowill help influence sound policy beyond the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) in countries that havecommitted to the 2015 Paris Agreements.

Poster 54

Alignment of Hela Cells on Polyimide Gel

Rahi Patel, Biology (2016); Monica Kowalczyk Mentored by Robert Polak, Physics

Cellular alignment is a key characteristic often reported by researchers on tissue viability and tissue growth. In the research, we

found different factors that play a key role in the alignment of the cells such as shear stress, mechanical stress, substrate stiff-ness and substrate topography. To further test the effect of substrate topography for tissue growth and viability, several usersdesigned cover slips with polyimide gel creating a nano-patterned surface. HeLa cells were then plated onto the nano-patterned

cover slip in order to measure how well the cells align in a particular direction.

Poster 55

Acidification of Biodiesel Wastewater to Create a Closed Looped Production System at the Searle Biodiesel Lab at Loyola

University Chicago

Daphne Sugino, Environmental Science (2017); Breann Dietrich

Mentored by Zach Waickman, Serle Biodiesel Lab

Loyola’s Searle Biodiesel Lab provides a sustainable energy alternative to fossil fuels by producing biodiesel, bio soap, andother products from used cooking oil. The manufacturing process produces 10% wastewater. The purpose of this project is to

reduce that wastewater by creating an on-site treatment solution for the post production wash water that will allow its reuse inthe biodiesel production process. This will create a closed looped system, conserve freshwater, and reduce environmental im-

pacts.

Poster 56

How Facebook and Twitter are Influencing Generation Y/Millennial Political Identities

Kristen Rusbarsky, Finance and Spor ts Management (2017); Derrick Morgan; Christine Wahlgren

Mentored by Stacy Neier Beran, Marketing

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect that news articles shared through Facebook and Twitter have on Loyola stu-

dents’ included in Generation Y and Millennial (born between 1990 and 1997) political identities or association with a specific party. We hope to assess their knowledge regarding current issues and candidates, taking into account previous political in-volvement and views through voting history; age, political environment which includes family history and geographic location;

and gender using the articles we provide.


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Poster 57

Overcoming Oppression: The Effectiveness of Resources Used to Overcome Economic Inequality

Judy Ni, International Business (2016); Peter Lucas Therp; Sabrina Minhas Mentored by Stacy Neier Beran, Marketing

The purpose of this study is to understand the strategies used by men and women to improve their financial circumstances, and

determine the effectiveness of different strategies. The project intends to examine the experiences of men and women to see ifthere are strategies that will help individuals overcome economic inequality.

Poster 58

Site-directed Mutagenesis, Expression and Purification of Various Mutants for ADP-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase from A. tu-

mefaciens and E. coli

Laura Gonzalez-Martin, Mathematics (2017), Provost Fellowship; Vincent Renta Mentored by Miguel Ballicora, Chemistry

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is a regulatory enzyme in the pathway that produces glycogen in bacteria and starch in plants.ADP-Glc PPase catalyzes the first committed step in the synthesis of these storage polysaccharides via the formation of ADP-glucose. This enzyme is allosterically regulated and catalyzes the conversion of ATP and glucose-1-phosphate to ADP-Glc andinorganic pyrophosphate. A specific amino acid residue hypothesized to play a key role in a binding site was replaced using

site-directed mutagenesis. The enzyme was then expressed and purified for kinetic assays to determine the effect of the muta-tion on binding affinity and ADP-glc synthesis.

Poster 59

Direct Current (DC) Field: Mechanism of Electric Field Guidance on Isolated Stem Cell Migration

Sonia Sherwani, Molecular Biology (2016); Zohaib Sherwani Mentored by Hui Ye, Biology

The phenomenon by which cells migrate in a directed manner in the presence of an electrical potential gradient in vitro and exvivo is termed galvanotaxis. This project explores the possibility to control the migration of isolated, free-floating cells withdirect current (DC) electric field. We further test our hypothesis that DC induced migration can be enhanced by modifying the

surface charges of the membranes. Enhancing the migratory abilities and assimilation of aNPCs by combining biophysics, stemcell biology and pharmacology, will clarify the mechanism of stem cell migration under electric guidance.

Poster 60

Genetic Regulation and Expression Patterns of Col2a1b in Zebrafish

Taylor Mitchell, Molecular Biology (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost Fellowship; Casey Erwin Mentored by Rodney Dale, Biology

Our project focuses on the expression pattern and genetic regulation of Type II Collagen alpha 1b (col2a1b) in zebrafish using

in situ hybridization and PCR techniques. When there is mutation in the human col2a1 gene, congenital defects include: abnor-mal skeletal growth and density, early onset osteoarthritis, and retinal detachment. The human COL2A1 protein is more similarto col2a1b than col2a1a in zebrafish. Illumination of the regulatory pathways and expression patterns of col2a1b could be moreindicative and useful in better understanding human COL2A1 because they are more similar. This understanding could be ap-

plied to help better treat congenital collagen defects.

Poster 61

Anthropogenic Litter Abundance on a Lake Michigan Beach

Anna Vincent, Biology (2017), Women in Science Enabling Research ProgramMentored by Timothy Hoellein, Biology

Many studies have focused on the accumulation of anthropogenic litter (i.e., garbage; AL) on marine beaches and the openocean, but much less research has been conducted on freshwater beaches. We studied AL at Pratt Beach in Chicago, IL. ALwas collected on a biweekly basis from March to November 2015. After collection, we sorted AL into categories, and quanti-


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fied AL by number and mass per area. AL density and input rate are highest by the pier. This suggests AL management and prevention strategies may be most efficiently directed towards this portion of the beach habitat.

Poster 62

Sequencing the Gaps on HC21p

Safa Arfeen, Biology and Psychology (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost FellowshipMentored by Jeffrey Doering, Biology

Our lab has been creating a sequence map for the short arm of HC21. I am filling in the gaps by extending known sequenceuntil I find overlap with another known region. The two specific regions I am looking at are SSW9 and the Lynch Pin Region. Iam using Clontech’s Genome Walker Kit to extend the both regions of the sequences. Thus far, I have sequenced over 1,900

new nucleotides in the SSW9 region and over 100 in the Lynch Pin Region. After performing a NCBI BLAST, I also con-firmed that the new sequence I acquired was indeed in a gap region.

Poster 63

Exploring the Epigenetic Link between Cancer and DNA Methylation of the ß Satellite Subfamily

Rachel Samuel, Biology (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost FellowshipMentored by Jeffrey Doering, Biology

The expression of satellite DNA sequences is different between human tumors and normal tissue. ß satellite is expressed atlower levels in tumors than normal tissue, suggesting that ß satellite may have higher levels of DNA methylation in tumors.

We studied the ß7 satellite subfamily, using bisulfite sequencing PCR to quantitate levels of DNA methylation in normal and prostate cancer cell lines. Preliminary analysis indicates that ß7 is hypomethylated in the cancer cell lines compared to normalcells, but analysis of additional samples is required. DNA methylation patterns could serve as biomarkers to determine the

presence and stage of cancer.

Poster 64

Bioinformatic and Experimental Characterization of Transposable Elements in Clover

Tautvydas Shuipys, Biology (2016), Biology Summer Research Fellowship, Mulcahy Scholars ProgramMentored by Howard Laten, Biology

Plant hybridization events can result in increased transposable element (TE) activity. Therefore, this lab studies Trifolium repens, an allotetraploid that arose from a hybridization event between T. occidentale and T. pallescens, with the goal of deter-mining what role TEs played its evolution. However, since the complete T. repens genome is not available, this project in-volved using limited sequence coverage to generate consensus sequences and using techniques like quantitative PCR and liquid

scintillation counting to determine copy numbers of the chosen retrotransposon families. The end result of the work is the bio-informatic and experimental characterization of TEs in clover.

Poster 65

Predicting Bacteria-Bacteriophage Interactions

Abdul Zakkar, Biology, Bioinformat ics, Comput er Science (2018)Mentored by Catherine Putonti, Biology; Jason Shapiro, Biology

We hypothesize that phylogenetic trees can be used to predict bacteria-bacteriophage interactions. While several methods have

been developed to compare phylogenetic trees, they can only consider trees of the same “size”. However, to compare the phylo-genetic trees of bacteria against those of bacteriophage, the trees will inevitably be of different sizes. This poses a whole newcomputational challenge that requires a different set of algorithms and techniques to accomplish accurately. The objective ofthis project is to create a program that can use phylogenetic trees to recognize and then test in the laboratory genes critical to

phage-host interactions.


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“projectors”), while others feel colors internally or “in the mind’s eye” (called “associators”). Using a task in which participants had to focus on either global or local information, I investigated whether “projectors” and “associators” differ in the effect

of attention on their synesthetic experiences

Poster 71

Identification of a New Regulator of Neuron Glia InteractionDiane Luong, Biochemistr y (2017), Pr ovost FellowshipMentored by Jennifer Mierisch, Biology

Drosophila do not have myelination. Instead, they have a subpopulation of glia known as wrapping glia that ensheath axonssimilarly to myelin. In the developing peripheral nervous system (PNS), glial cells migrate along axons and ensheath them to

ensure proper development.? Our lab is studying the effects of varying expression levels of Raw in glia on Drosophila PNSdevelopment.? Previous studies demonstrated that Raw functions in the gonad to promote the ensheathment of germ cells bysomatic gonadal precursor cells. Given the similarities between ensheathment in the gonad and the nervous system, we hypothe-sized that Raw plays a similar role in the nervous system.

Poster 72

Molecular Dynamics of Drug-Polymer Interactions

Anton Tomich, Biochemistry (2016), Provost FellowshipMentored by Ken Olsen, Chemistry

Polyvinylacetate (PVAc)is a significant polymer frequently involved in pharmaceutical formulations. During production and

storage it is common for this polymer to interact with the drug, and upon consumption achieve a sustained release. By dispers-ing a hydrophobic drug in a polymer, the stability and solubility of the drug can be enhanced. Through Computational model-

ing, we seek to identify qualitative and quantitative relationships between PVAc and various drugs.

Poster 73

Ionic Mechanisms of Enhanced Neuronal Differentiation in Direct Current (DC) Electric Field

Zuzanna Binda, Biochemistry (20156, Biology Summer Research Fellowship, Mulcahy Scholars ProgramMentored by Hui Ye, Biology

Cell migration and selective differentiation are processes that are involved in promotion of proper neural regeneration. Electricfields have been shown to affect neural precursor cell differentiation; the mechanism governing this phenomenon is still un-known. Immunocytochemistry shows an increase in Voltage Gated Calcium Channel (VGCC) Cav1.2 expression upon differ-entiation and EF exposure leads to an increase in neuronal differentiation.The incorporation of nifedipine, a selective L-type

Cav1.2 blocker, appears to limit this enhanced EF directed differentiation. Dictation of VGCC activity may improve our under-standing differentiation and provide direction towards an improved clinical method of spinal cord injury repair.

Poster 74

Gene-Based Association Study of Sporadic Postmenopausal Breast Cancer

Carlos Perez-Cervantes, Biochemistry (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost FellowshipMentored by Heather Wheeler, Biology and Computer Science

To identify new alleles and genes associated with this breast cancer, we performed a repetition Genome-Wide Association

Study (GWAS) of breast cancer using genotype data of 546,646 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a population of2,248 European women. The GWAS analysis found several possible locations associated with breast cancer, mostly in geneFGFR2 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 2). We are applying SNPs that passed quality control measures to a gene-based asso-ciation method called PrediXcan. This software predicts gene expression based on genotype using models built in reference

transcriptomes, then correlates the predicted gene expression with the phenotype under investigation to identify genes involvedwith the etiology of the phenotype, in this case breast cancer.


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Poster 75

Chiral Resolution of CTV-Lactam

Jake Dudzinski, Biochemistry (2017), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost FellowshipMentored by Daniel Becker, Chemistry; Marlon Lutz, Chemistry

The project I have been working on this year involves the chiral resolution of CTV-Lactam, an amide derivative of CTV. I

worked with 2 chiral resolving reagents, (1S)-(-)-camphanic chloride and (S)-(+)-alpha-methoxy-alpha-trifluoromethylphenylacetate. Diasteromeric enrichment and hydrolysis (to provide the enriched enantiomer) of both experi-ments are in progress. Focus on the next phase of the project involved implementing an analytical method for quantification of

CTV-lactam enantiomers. This method is especially important for analyzing any enriched enantiomeric CTV-lactam since it isspeculated that the macrocyclic lactam undergoes a rapid umbrella inversion leading to loss of chirality. Quantification wasaccomplished with Chirabite-AR.

Poster 76

Recreation and Leisure at Misericordia: Going Beyond the " Fun-and- Games"

Margaret Marx, Social Wor k (2017)Community Partner: Misericordia Home

Mentored by Andrew Miller, Center for Experiential Learning

When I became an intern in the Recreation and Leisure department at Misericordia, I had no idea what to expect but anotherservice opportunity. As the year progressed, I realized how special Misericordia is because it is not just a residential facility foradults with developmental disabilities, but it is truly their home. The residents at Misericordia taught me the unique importance

of the ministry of presence; after working and growing alongside the men and women at Misericordia, I do not feel like I spenta year doing service, but that a service was done for me.

Poster 77

Open Field Test

Kayna Patel, Psychology (2016)

Mentored by James Cheverud, Biology

The relationship between anxiety and diet-induced obesity was studied in mice to determine the levels of anxious behaviors

based on diets. Previous studies have found associations between maternal obesity and symptoms of ADHD in children. This

study focuses on maternal and offspring diets, seeing how maternal diet affects offspring. An Open Field Test was conductedin mice on high fat and low fat diets. We hypothesize that high fat fed mothers will have offspring that will exhibit more anx-ious behaviors such as wall hugging, rearing, and production of fecal boli compared to offspring of mothers on low fat diets.

Poster 78

The Effect of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms on Mood States in Urban African American Adolescent Populations: A Follow-

up Study

Bridget Murphy, Psychology (2016)Mentored by Maryse Richards, Psychology

Following up on research published in 2008, this study examines the longitudinal effects of post-traumatic stress symptoms onAfrican American adolescents over the course of three years with a focus on gender as a moderator.

Poster 79

Do Strengths and Kinship Involvement Moderate the Effects of Trauma on Behavioral Risks in Child Welfare?

Gayle Blakely, Psychology (2015), Pr ovost Fellowship

Mentored by Scott Leon, Psychology

The sequelae of trauma experienced by youth involved in the child welfare system include behavioral risks (e.g., self-harm,

suicide, delinquency). Fortunately, researchers have shown that childhood strengths (e.g., coping, optimism, community, educa-tional, talents, spiritual) can be protective by its moderating effect between trauma and risk behaviors (Griffin, Martinovich,


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Gawron, and Lyons, 2009). However, less is empirically known about the social forces in the child’s life that might enhancethe benefits conferred by strengths, such as kinship involvement (i.e., extended family support). This study investigated whether

both kinship involvement and strengths moderated the effects of childhood trauma on behavioral risks among 273 youth be-tween the ages of 6 and 13, who entered the Illinois Child and Family Services (IDCFS) in Cook and Will counties betweenOctober 1, 2011 and June 1, 2014. Using negative binomial regression analysis, results supported previous research in demon-

strating that strengths were associated with decreases in behavioral risk (p


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Poster 83

Measuring Students’ Understanding of Periodic Trends when using Multiple Representations of the Periodic Table of Elements

and Atomic Structure in General Chemistry Classrooms

Victoria Kaloudis, Biology and Biochemistry (2017); Kathy Balnius Mentored by Patrick Daubenmire, Chemistry; Linda Brazdil, Chemistry

This investigation focuses on student’s understanding of the periodic trends when using multiple representations of the periodictable of elements in general chemistry classrooms. The relationship of structure to repeating patterns of properties is a criticalfoundational concept in chemistry. We will seek to answer the question: If alternative representations are used in teaching spe-cific trends, will it enhance students’ knowledge and ability to describe reasons for those trends? We intend to compare the

student’s pre-test and post-test results and measure whether using different variations of the periodic table supports any changesin student understanding of the periodic trends.

Poster 84

Neural Correlates of Executive Function Index Memory Preservation in Old Age

Sina Malekian, Biology (2017), Mulcahy Scholar s Pr ogram, Women in Science Enabling Resear ch Pr ogram; Nicole

Dosamantes Mentored by Robert Morrison, Psychology

Executive function may be critical in determining memory function in old age. To investigate this we recruited 39 older adultsand divided them into three groups based on age and long-term memory ability and examined their electroencephalograms

while they performed an executive function task.. Our results suggest that executive function and the corresponding cognitivecontrol network may be an important factor in preserving memory function in old age.

Poster 85

Identification and Synthesis of Novel Inhibitors for the Bacterial Enzyme DapE

Rachel Torrez, Biochemistry (2017), Mulcahy Scholar s Pr ogramMentored by Daniel Becker, Chemistry

The alarming increase of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains emphasizes an urgent need for research to identify new classes of

antibiotics. One promising enzymatic target is DapE (N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase enzyme), which isfound in all Gram-negative and most Gram-positive bacteria. DapE is part of the succinylase biosynthetic pathway, which is

critical to the production of lysine and meso-diaminopimelate (mDap). Lysine and meso-diaminopimelate (mDap) are essentialin protein synthesis and bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall remodeling. The deletion of the gene DapE is lethal to bacteria, which

is very encouraging in support of the hypothesis that inhibitors of DapE will function as antibiotics. Another appealing aspect oftargeting DapE is that this enzyme is not found naturally in the human body. Therefore inhibitors that target DapE could poten-tially provide selective toxicity against bacteria with no mechanism-based toxicity in humans. After the completion of a highthroughput screen of over 33,000 compounds, two indoline sulfonamides demonstrated promising inhibition of DapE. This

presentation will describe progress in the synthesis of indoline sulfonamides as DapE inhibitors.

Poster 86

Dual Language Development and Dual Language Exposure

Dahlia Gonzalez, Psychology (2016)Mentored by Perla Gamez, Psychology

This study investigated the relation between dual language learner’s Spanish and English language development and their care-giver’s Spanish and English language use at home. Six caregiver-child dyads were videotaped engaging in naturalistic interac-

tions in the home for ninety minutes every four months starting at child age 18 months. Videotaped interactions were tran-scribed and coded for the quantity and quality of language used. Caregivers also completed the MacArthur-Bates Communica-tive Development Inventory checklist, which served as a measure of child vocabulary knowledge at 22 months. Preliminaryanalyses revealed wide variation in the quantity and quality of English and Spanish used across the dyads as well as time. The

quantity and quality of caregiver language in Spanish and English was related to the child’s Spanish and English vocabularyknowledge.


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Poster 87

Arginine Effect on Acid Synthesis by Streptococcus mutans UA159

Lotte Van den Goor, Biochemistry (2017), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost FellowshipMentored by Domenic Castignetti, Biology

The bacterium, Streptococcus mutans, is a main cause of dental carries and is commonly found in saliva. S. mutans metabolizes

sucrose producing lactic acid, which is an underlying cause of tooth decay. Studies have noted that elevated concentrations ofarginine in saliva are associated with a lower incidence of caries. This study examines the effect that arginine has on the acid

produced by S. mutans UA159.

Poster 88

Determination of Halogenated Water Disinfection By-Products

Jacky Lau, Biochemistry (2016), Mulcahy Scholar s Pr ogramMentored by Paul Chiarelli, Chemistry and Biochemistry

The objective of this research is to investigate the formation of bromine containing disinfection by-products (DBP) as a result ofdisinfection with a bromine reagent such as 3-bromo-1-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH). BCDMH is often used in hottub and spa water as a persistent water disinfectant. Different samples of water will be treated with BCDMH and analyzed.

Bromoform (a known carcinogenic) and dibromoacetic acid have been detected in spa water samples. The levels of these com-

pounds will be quantified in further experiments.

Poster 89

Determining the Effects of Neurotransmitter Antagonists on LDTg Projections to the VTA Dopamine Neurons via Optogenetics

Peter Doukas, Biology (2016), Mulcahy Scholars ProgramMentored by Stephan Steidl, Psychology

The neurotransmitter dopamine plays an integral role in the brain’s reward seeking and motivational behaviors. Specifically,

cholinergic and glutamatergic neurons projecting from the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDTg) provide the chief excitatoryinput to the midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopaminergic neurons. These VTA neurons project primarily to the nucleusaccumbens (NAc), ultimately providing the basis for the reinforcement of positive, reward-seeking experiences. Utilizing thetechnology of optogenetics along with a positive reinforcement operant conditioning paradigm has given us an opportunity to

more effectively study the behavioral consequences of activating LDTg neuronal inputs to the VTA dopamine neurons.

Poster 90

Relational Versus Featural Reasoning

James Hruska, Psychology (2016), Pr ovost FellowshipMentored by Jeffrey Huntsinger, Psychology

We wanted to see if relational reasoning is a flexible processing style or a fixed cognitive capacity. We hypothesized that prim-ing participants with a relational reasoning task would lead them to prefer relational similarities to featural similarities when

judging pictures. Consistent with the idea that relational reasoning is a flexible processing style, we also hypothesized that per-formance on an analogy finding task would predict the processing style preferences in picture judgments above and beyond theeffect of working memory. Our results indicated that priming participants with the relational reasoning task did not create a

preference in picture judgments.

Poster 91

Role of the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus in Reward-Seeking Behaviors

Louis Tischlis, Biology (2016), Pr ovost FellowshipMentored by Stephan Steidl, Psychology

Exposure to drug-predictive cues after periods of abstinence is associated with craving and relapse, presenting one of the big-

gest challenges in the treatment of addiction. Dopamine is associated with the rewarding effects of food, sex, and drugs. Weexamined the role of projections from the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) to the ventral tegmental area (VTA),


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testing the contributions of this pathway to reward-seeking behaviors by inactivating the PPTg or by blocking VTA receptors in

rats. Our results will help define PPTg inputs to the VTA as a principal part of the circuitry through which reward-predictivecues access the dopamine system.

Poster 92

Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Phosducin-like ProteinSean Powers, Biology (2016), Mulcahy Scholars Program, Provost FellowshipMentored by Stefan Kanzok, Biology

The Phosducin-like protein (PhLP) superfamily is highly conserved across a wide range of species from protozoa, to inverte-

brates, to vertebrates, to mammals. Our lab has identified a novel protein in the malaria parasite, the Phosducin-like protein-3(PhLP-3), that exhibits enzymatic activity with the thioredoxin redox system of Plasmodium in vitro. During the 2015-2016academic year, I expressed and purified recombinant PhLP-3 analogs of Plasmodium and human and have determined that theyare both reduced by the thioredoxin redox-system. This data increases our understanding of the role of PhLP-3 in the cell.

Poster 93

Biophysical St

Documents

2016 Undergraduate Research & Engagement Symposium Program