2016 CEAP TrainingBasic Concepts

Cropping Situations

Goals of the Training

• To learn and understand the questionnaire through lecture, group discussion, and practice exercises

• To get a working understanding of the questionnaire so enumerators can refer to the Interviewer’s Manual on specific topics

Things to look for

• Follow skip patterns• Only fill in boxes that need to be completed

• Review the commodity code among the different sections for a given year• Consistent planting and harvesting dates in Section C and I

• Putting the cover crop in the correct crop year• 2016 crop season starts the previous fall

• Review your work• Dates – review for consistency• Don’t skip lines in tables unless you need to cross out a

line• Specify the “other” every time you check an other box

Things to look for (cont)

• CEAP is an Area Survey, so the ‘field’ that contains the ‘X’ is the sampled unit.

• The name provided may or may not be the operator of the ‘field’ that contains the ‘X’.

• Many questionnaires are ‘unknown’.

• Pasture • Animals On/Animals Off• Permanent vs Cropland Pasture (NASS vs CEAP

definition)

• Interconnectivity of the different sections

CEAP Scenarios

• Basic Situation: Field Crops (Corn/Wheat/Soybeans)

• Cover Crop: Incorporated in Basic Situation

• Hay Land and Pasture: Pasture now known as Managed Grassland

Scenario #1

Corn/Wheat/Soybeans

Basic Situation: Corn/Wheat/Soybeans

30.0

30.0

2016 Acres

i.e. CRP, $$ programs

Corn188

230.0

051216

30.0

160.041

30.0

101516170.0

4

3

3

3

3

Summary of Section C, Page 8

• Identify the ‘area of land’, or field, where the X is. Only one commodity crop at a time is allowed. Double crop situations ARE allowed.• Current year acres only plus conservation land touching• For 2015 and 2014, use the current year’s acres even the field

was larger in those years

• Cover crops are included in one of columns if one was planted the previous fall season

• If conservation land reported in Q1.f on page 3, it should be entered into column 2 or 3

• Actual use of crop may differ from the original intentions

1

W. Wheat1252

30.0101014

7.5

60.0

41

23.0070815

57.0

47.0

3

3

3

3

Summary of Section C, Page 9

• In this case, winter wheat is NOT a cover crop

• The intention was always to harvest for grain

• Leave notes if unsure of a specific situation

1

Soybeans120

2

30.0051014

7.5

37.04

130.0

100114

35.0

4

33

3

3

Summary of Section C

• If the section (2014 and/or 2015) was not operated by the same farmer as 2016, then IC0011 and/or IC0010 equal 3

• Also on page 3 - question 5, IC0503 and/or IC0502 equal 7• Question 5 (pg 3) must be answered for all three years

Crop Rotation (page 11)

• This is yes if the operator has a specific plan they are trying to follow. May not always follow due to weather or commodity prices

• Do NOT repeat a rotation• Crop rotation equals Corn - Wheat – Soybeans

• Not, Corn - Wheat – Soybeans - Corn - Wheat –Soybeans

• Do NOT put in what they did for the last six years

• Do include cover crop if it is part of the crop rotation plan

Do This

Corn

SoybeansW. Wheat

188

120125

This means the same thing: C-WW-S-C-WW-S-C …

x

Do Not Do This #1

Corn

SoybeansW. Wheat

Corn

SoybeansW. Wheat

188

120

125

125

188

120

This is redundant: C-WW-S-C-WW-S-C …

x

Do Not Do This #2

201620152014201320122011

Corn

CornSoybeans

Corn

HaySweet Corn

188

188

766

120

188

101

This implies a C-S-C-C-SC-H-C-S-C-C-SC-H … rotation

x

Section I – Field Operations

• Planted date(s) will match planted date(s) in Section C and on Cover Crop

• Harvest Dates – will also match

• Sequence Number (column 2) is chronological and crop code doesn’t play a role

• Tandem operations are where more than one machine is pulled behind a tractor or self propelled machine.

• Tandem operations exclude tractor

1

3

2

CornCorn

Corn

188

188

188

No-till Planter

Semi

4W Comb

113

304

123

051216

101516

101516

2.0

Code for all lines

Scenario #2

Corn/Wheat/Soybeans with Cover Crop

Cover Crops – Crop YearThis example

• 2016 column: The crop season started July 9, 2015 (070915) and ended October 15, 2016 (101516)

• 2015 Column: The crop season started October 02, 2014 (100214) and ended July 08, 2015 (070815)

• 2014 Column: The crop season started (unknown) and ended October 01, 2014 (100114)

Cover Crops – Commodity CodesThe Way the PRISM Edit Works

• The commodity code used for fertilizer, pesticides, manure, and field operations will depend on the crop that is currently in the ground.• Use the commodity code (i.e. rye) for the cover crop

from the start of the crop year (after the previous crop was harvested) to the day before the termination of the cover crop

• Use the commodity code (i.e. corn) for the production crop when herbicide is applied to the cover crop to kill it to the day the crop was harvested

x

091015 101513

2 2

042616 050114

1 4

What other sections need to be coded properly to be consistent with this section?

Winter kill is being added, so make a note and office will code

Corn188

230.0

051216

30.0

160.041

30.0

101516

170.04

2016 Crop Year

Rye

4218

30.0

0910157.5

--------1

30.0

----

----

----

----

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

Round-up Corn 188 41096 L ----

Code for each line

Is this sufficient?

042616 10.00 15 13 1 30.0

No additions for 2015

3

Soybeans120

2

30.0051014

7.5

37.04

130.0

100114

35.0

4

Rye218

4

30.0101513

7.5

1

30.0

33

3

3

3

3

3

3

2

4

3

CornCorn

Corn

188

188

188

No-till Planter

Semi

4W Comb

113

304

123

051216

101516

101516

2.0

1 Rye 105No-till drill218 091015 1.0

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Scenarios #3

• Hay Land and Pasture

Hay (alfalfa/other/wild) & Pasture

• Need to have a planting date• Estimate if needed• May be the day the farm was bought or when the land

was purchased by the landowner• Can be up to 100 years ago on wild hay or permanent

pasture

• Time ranges – rule of thumb• Alfalfa hay – within the last 5 years in most situations.

Leave notes if longer• Other hay & cropland pasture – Within 15 - 20 years for

most. Leave notes if longer• Wild hay & permanent pasture – might be 20+ years

Hay (alfalfa/other/wild) & Pasture

• If the planting date is prior to 2014, then it only needs to be recorded in 2014

• Section C, Harvest date = last day the field was baled

• Section I, Record the date the bales were moved to the side of field or from the field

• If moved to the side of the field, do not include when the bales were removed from the side of field

• Baling with hay wagon pulled behind is a tandem operation

• On CEAP, do not record the tractor in a tandem operation

Hay (alfalfa/other/wild) & Pasture

NASS Definition of permanent pasture (Ag Survey IM P.906)

• Include:• Permanent grass and rangeland not in regular crop-pasture rotation.• Open grassland, brush land, and browse.• Pasture and rangeland that has never been tilled.

• Exclude:• Pasture acreage in crop rotation, such as cropland planted to grass.

These acres are Cropland Pasture.• Small grains pastured. Record these acres under the specified crop.• Land harvested or to be harvested for hay crops. Record these acres

under the specified hay crop.• Woodland having no grazing potential should be recorded as Woodland

- Not Pastured.• Woodland used as pasture or with limited grazing potential should be

recorded as Woodland - Pastured.

Hay (alfalfa/other/wild) & Pasture

CEAP Definition of permanent pasture

• Pasture is land normally grazed by livestock. These lands are not involved in crop rotations. Also, livestock does not have to graze the land during the current year.

• Include: • 1. Permanent pasture. • 2. Open grassland, brush land, and browse. • 3. Woodland used as pasture.

• Exclude: • 1. Small grains pastured or grazed.

Alfalfa101

630.0

May 15, 20137.5 inches

5.03430.0

0715166.0

3

Don’t use alfalfa seed

3

3

1

1

50

45

1

3

2015 and 2014

• Would be similar to 2016

• Grazing of livestock may or may not be included. Need to verify with operator

• In this example, the planting date and row width should only be reported in 2014. Please leave good notes.

1

3

2

5

6

7

9

10

4

8

Pasture

Pasture

Alfalfa

Alfalfa

Alfalfa

Alfalfa

Alfalfa

Alfalfa

Alfalfa

Alfalfa

147

147

101

101

101

101

101

101

101

101

Mowing

Raking

Baling

Mowing

Raking

Baling

Cows On

Cows Off

Move Hay

Move Hay

151 061216

156

146

151

156

146

409

410

161

161

061516

061516

071316

071516

071516

090116

101516

061516

071516

What would be different with pasture only?• Section C, Commodity code would be 147

• Section C, Expected yield and harvest date • Get best guess if possible

• Remember, we are not setting production estimates

• NRCS wants an idea of nutrients removed via the crop

• Section I, Animals on and animals off need to be reported if actually grazed• Could have mowed or cut down the weeds (implement

code = 149)

• Do not report manure from the animals in Section E

What would be different with hay only?• Section C, no cattle grazed (question 15 equals 3)

• Section I, no animals on and animals off reported

Conclusion

• Questions?

• Comments?