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Introduction of Vietnam Household Biogas Digesters
Speaker: Tran Hai Anh (MSc., MBA) 2002 SESAM Student
2015 Alumni Workshop – Flensburg
Content
1. Vietnam country 2. Introduction of household biogas 3. Vietnam household biogas models 4. Evaluations and Comparisons of household biogas 5. Biogas programs Vietnam 6. Conclusions
1. Vietnam Overview
1.1 Fast Growing and Dynamic Nation
Mainland Area: 331.690 km2 Political regime: Socialist Republic of Vietnam
The Communist party is leading party. Population: 90.5 million Labor force: 50.137 million Currency: DONG (VND)
1US$ = 22,340 VND 1 NOK= 2,655 VND)
GDP growth rate: 6.0% (2014) 6.2% (forecasted 2015)
National special cities: Hanoi - the capital Hochiminh city – the center of business and finance
National cities: Hai Phong, Da Nang, Can Tho Labor cost Minimum salary for workers in Hanoi USD 145/month
Minimum salary for workers in Hochiminh city USD 149/month
1.2 Powerful Manufacturing Nation
3rd world footwear and handbag exporter.
5th world garment exporter.
6th world furniture exporter. 10th world electronic device exporter
(78% growing rate p.a.).
1.3 Powerful Agriculture Nation
1st world pepper exporter.
1st world catfish exporter.
2nd world coffee exporter.
2nd world rice exporter.
2nd world cashew exporter.
2nd world cassava exporter.
5th world tee exporter.
2. Introduction of household biogas
2.1 Household Biogas Concept
1. Biogas for cooking.
2. Biogas for lighting.
3. Biogas for electricity
4. Bio-slurry for fertilizer
HOUSEHOLD BIOGAS LAYOUT
Breeding facility
Intake tank
Overall lock
Gas pipe
Biogas Digester
Bio- slurry tank
2.2 Fixed Dome Components
1. Intake tank 2. Inlet pipe
3. Digester 4. Gas pipe
5. Outlet pipe 6. Compensation tank
2.3 Three In One Digester
Inlet Outlet Gas outlet
Gas holder
Digester
2.4 Working Principle
Intake tank
Digester Compensation tank
Outlet
0 level
Min. level
Intake tank
Digester Compensation tank
Outlet
0 level
Min. level
Intake tank
Digester Compensation tank
Outlet
0 level
Min. level
V = Vd + Vg +V0
3. Vietnam Household Biogas Models
3.1 KT1 & KT2 designs
KT1 KT2
3.2 Construction of KT1 &KT2
3.3 Composite design
400
1000mm
1000
400
R= 2600
Inlet: 800 Outlet: 900
1300
600
80
400
200
Gas outlet
Gas holder
Digester
Gas pipe
Outlet Inlet
Zero level
Over flow level
Min. level
3.4 Construction of Composite
3.5 KT 31 design
1. Digester
2. Gas holder
3. Inlet
4. Outlet
5. Gas outlet
6. Compensation tank
3.6 Construction of KT31
3.7 KT 31 – Large scale
3.8 Nylon bag
3.9 Construction of Nylon bag
3.10 Recycle plastic Design
3.11 Construction of Recycle Plastic Digester
3.12 Recycle plastic Design – Medium Scale
Inlet Compensation Tank Gas Pipe
3.3 Construction of Composite
4. Comparison and Evaluation
4.1 Household Biogas Models
Made from brick and composite: KT31
Three in one Composite
Made in brick KT1 & KT2
Nylon bag
Each models are built one in the North of Vietnam (colder) and one in the South of Vietnam (hotter)
4.2. Evaluation Criteria
1. Construction material (10 scores max.)
2. Convenient of construction method (20 scores max.)
3. O&M (30 scores max.)
4. Return on Investment (30 scores max.)
5. Sanitation (10 scores max.)
Total: 100 scores
4.3 Comparison in terms of construction materials
8.586.79
5.00
10.00
7.58
4.79 5.00
9.55
-
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
KT31-Northern
part
Composite-Northern
part
Nylongbag-
Northernpart
KT1 KT31-southern
part
Composite-Southern
part
Nylongbag-
Southernpart
KT2
Total score (10 maximum) Availability (5 maximum) Strength (5 maximum)
4.4 Comparison in terms of Convenient of construction
8.01
17.03
20.00
4.005.53
14.0616.17
0.500.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
KT31 - Thenorth
Composite- thenorth
Nylong bag -the north
KT1 KT31- thesouth
Composite- thesouth
Nylon bag - thesouth
KT 2
Total score (20 maximum) Soil excavation (5 maximum)Easy to contruct (5 maximum) Manday (5 maximum)
Score for construction method (5 maximum)
4.5 O&M Comparison
20.0
24.0
10.3
20.5 20.022.5
9.8
22.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
KT31 - thenorth
Composite-the north
Nylong bag-the north
KT1 KT31-thesouth
Composite-the south
Nylong bag -the south
KT 2
Total (30 maximum) Safety of the structure (6 maximum)Safety of end user (6 maximum) Gas productivity (6 maximum)
Easiness for O&M (6 maximum) Easiness to dectect failure and to repair
4.6 Comparison of ROI
12.2610.01
16.6619.40
12.4811.23
16.6617.89
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
KT31 - thenorth
Composite- thenorth
Nylon bag KT1 KT31- theSouth
Composite- thesouth
Nylon bag - thesouth
KT 2
Total score( 30 maximum) Total investmetn csot (10 maximum) Average Anual investmetn cost (10 maximum)
Payback period (3.33 maximum) NPV (3.33 maximum) IRR ( 3.33 maximum)
4.7 Comparison of Sanitation
No. Model Smell bad (5 maximum)
BOD 5, COD, coliforms (5 maximum)
Total (5 maximum)
1 KT31 5.00 5.00 10.00 2 Composite 5.00 5.00 10.00 3 Nylon bag 5.00 5.00 10.00 4 KT1-KT2 5.00 5.00 10.00
4.5 Overall Comparison
58.85
67.8361.96 63.90
55.5962.58
57.63 59.94
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
KT31 - thenorth
Composite-the north
Nylon bag- the north
KT1 KT31- thesouth
Composite-the south
Nylon bagthe south
KT 2
Total (100 maximum) Construction material (10 maximum) Construction (20 maximum)
O&M (30 maximum) Cost (30 maximum) Environment (10 maximum)
5. Vietnam Biogas Programs
5.1 Vietnam Household Program BP (the “Biogas Program for the animal husbandry sector of
some provinces in Vietnam”), supported by GDIS/EnDev
QSEAP (Quality and Safety Enhancement of Agricultural Products and Biogas Development Project), financed by ADB.
LIFSAP (Livestock Competitiveness and Food Safety Project), financed by WB, 2009-2012.
LCASP (Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project), financed by ADB, under implementation.
Others
5.2 Financial Support Mechanism
QSEAP: subsidy of EUR 50/ plant
LIFSAP: subsidy of EUR 176/ plant
LCASP: subsidy of EUR 150/ plant
BP 2003-2013: subsidy of EUR 50/ plant 2013-present: Result Based Finance: no subsidy but financial
incentive of EUR 50/ plant is given to masons/enterprises. 2013-present: receiving income from selling VER.
5.3 Vietnam Household Biogas
220 000 household biogas plants have been constructed
145 000 KT1 and KT2 under SNV program
20 000 KT1, KT2 and Composite under QSEAP
25 000 KT1, KT2 and Composite under LESAF
30 000 KT1, KT2, Composite, Nylon bag, others are under other programs or constructed purely commercial – basic.
6. Conclusions
Conclusion
Factor for successful:
Meet to market need
Strong R&D driving the market
Good cooperation among stakeholders
Strong participation of private sector
High return on investment.
Vietnam household biogas sector moving toward fully commercialization.
We would like to replicate the successful story in other countries.
Thank you for your attention Contact: Tran Hai Anh – Renewable Energy Specialist [email protected]