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2014 Fall EES intensive lectures on Environmental Science ( Oct.7, 2014) Noriyuki Tanaka 1) Census 2) GEM course, GSES 1 “Introduction to Sustainability” http:// www.census.hokudai.ac.jp http:// ees.hokudai.ac.jp

2014 Fall EES intensive lectures on Environmental Science ( Oct.7, 2014) Noriyuki Tanaka 1) Census 2) GEM course, GSES 1 “Introduction to Sustainability”

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2014 Fall EES intensive lectures on Environmental Science

( Oct.7, 2014)

Noriyuki Tanaka

1) Census2) GEM course, GSES

1

“Introduction to Sustainability”

http:// www.census.hokudai.ac.jphttp:// ees.hokudai.ac.jp

Do you drink this water?

Objective of the lecture

– Understanding sustainability concept and its development history

– Helping you to make future vision in your future. (what future you want)

2

Why we are recognizing sustainability as one of important

issues

4

1987 “Our Common Future (我ら共有の未来)”

Dr. Brundtland WCED report

–Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needsー我々の未来の世代が、そのニーズに応える能力を損なうことなく、現在のニーズに応えていく

持続可能な開発(Sustainable Development)

Rio- Earth Summit 1992

Rio Agenda 21

Severn Suzuki speaking at UN Earth Summit 1992

COP meetings 締約国会議スタート

MDG sミレニアム開発目標2005年に制定

この実現のための人材育成に日本が DESD を提案し実施している。

DESD: 持続可能な開発のための教育の10年

Land mark eventfor environmentalmovement

1997 年

Global view has been discussed so far.

Now, take a look atregional situation

Let’s see indicators for sustainability related items

Source: http://www.worldmapper.org/

Land area (表面積)

Population (人口)

Cereals Import (穀類輸入)

Gas & Coal Imports(天然ガスと石炭の輸入)

Suicide (自殺率)

War deaths( 戦争死者数)

7

Source: http://www.worldmapper.org/

GDP Total GreenhouseGas emission ( GHG 排出量)

Area High-Tech Exports 2002

Groceries Imports (食料雑貨輸入) 鉱物資源採掘量

8

* Ecological Footprints

http://www.globalfootprintnetwork.org/

Ecological Footprint

Country EF Bio-capacity Deficit

Indonesia 1.0 1.0 ~0

Taiwan 6.5 1.6 -4.9

Japan 4.3 0.8 -3.5

USA 9.7 4.7 -4.9

World 2.3 1.9 -0.4

(In global hectares per capita)

9

(2005)

*:人間活動が環境に与える負荷を、資源の再生産および廃棄物の浄化に 必要な面積として示した数値

The Happy planet index(HPI)

• The index for satisfactory, health and happy life without heavy burden to the earth

HPI = ( Life satisfactory x life time) / Ecological footprints

Top 5 HPI countries1 : Republic of Vanuatu (GDP 173 )2 : Republic of Columbia (GDP 43 )3 : Republic of Costa Rica (GDP 82 )4 : Dominican Republic (GDP 178 )5 : Republic of Panama (GDP 92 )

23: Indonesia (GDP19)84: Taiwan (GDP24)95: Japan ( GDP3 )102 S. Korea ( GDP12 )108 England ( GDP5 )150 USA ( GDP1 )172 Russia ( GDP9 )

12

Bhutan   Family size: 13

3 floor houseArea   65 ㎡

Major possessions  Radio   x  1Some silver wares

Working hrs per week    49hrs   (7 hrs× 7days )Income per capita        186  US$       

( C ) Material World   /  ユニフォトプレス

13

Japan    Family size: 4

area   128 ㎡2 floor house

Major possessions  Radio (3) TV (1) Telephones (1) Car(1)  Bike (1) PC(1)  Videogame (1)  Elec. piano (1)  Refrigerator (1)   Elec. oven (1)  Elec. washer (1)  Elec. dryer (1)  Air conditioner(1)  and more………

Working hrs per week   Father 48 hrs Mather 60hrs

Income per capita      40000   US$     

( C ) Material World   /  ユニフォトプレス

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持続性はどのように測る。• EFP ( Ecological Footprint: エコロジカルフットプリ

ント)• Green GDP(or Eco domestic product as EDP)• HPI ( Happy   Planet   Index: ハッピイプラネット

指数 )• HDI ( Human Development Index :人間開発指数)• GWA (Genuine Wealth Assessment ) as GPI (Genuine

Progress Indicator :真の進歩指標 )• Genuine Saving( 国民純貯蓄+教育支出-エネルギー

消耗-森林消耗-鉱物消耗-温暖化被害-浮遊粒子による損害)

GPI ( Genuine Progress Indicator)真の進歩指標

• GPI  =  GDP –   social cost – environ. cost

USA 15

One final message

• We need novel vision and indicator for our future.

• Based on the above vision, we should have ground design for our future.