2012 Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction
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2010 Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal
ConstructionStandard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal
Construction
2012 M 41-10
2012 M 41-10
Ordering Information The 2012 Standard Specifications can be
purchased from the Washington State Department of Printing website
at www.prt.wa.gov.
Note: This publication is not for resale.
The 2012 Standard Specifications can be also downloaded, free of
charge, from the following web page at
www.wsdot.wa.gov/publications/manuals/m41-10.htm.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Information Materials can be
provided in alternative formats by calling the ADA Compliance
Manager at 360-705-7097. Persons who are deaf or hard of hearing
may contact that number via the Washington Relay Service at
7-1-1.
Title VI Notice to Public It is Washington State Department of
Transportation (WSDOT) policy to ensure no person shall, on the
grounds of race, color, national origin, or sex, as provided by
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, be excluded from
participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be otherwise
discriminated against under any of its federally funded programs
and activities. Any person who believes his/her Title VI protection
has been violated may file a complaint with WSDOT’s Office of Equal
Opportunity (OEO). For Title VI complaint forms and advice, please
contact OEO’s Title VI Coordinator at 360-705-7082 or
509-324-6018.
Standard Specifications: 2012, Copyright © 2005, Washington State
Department of Transportation. All rights reserved.
Foreword
These Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal
Construction have been developed to serve as a baseline for the
work delivered to the public by the Washington State Department of
Transportation (WSDOT). The Standard Specifications are
incorporated into the written agreement (Contract) between WSDOT as
Contracting Agency and the Contractor, except where the Contract
indicates that a particular specification has been amended or
replaced with a special provision to resolve project-specific
issues. The decision to amend or replace any standard specification
with a special provision is made during the design process and is
based upon the sound engineering judgment of the project
designer.
These Standard Specifications reflect years of refinement through
the literally hundreds of projects the Department delivers each
year. In addition, the standards are the result of countless hours
of development and review by both our internal WSDOT staff as well
as our industry partners through the joint WSDOT/Associated General
Contractors’ Standing Committees.
Finally, these standards reflect the contracting philosophy and
balance of risk-allocation that the Department has adopted through
the years. We believe that this balance of risks provides us the
lowest final cost solution to our transportation needs. For
example, shifting risk to the Contractor can provide more certainty
on final cost, but may result in higher initial cost. On the other
hand, accepting more risk by the owner can result in lower initial
costs, but less certainty on the final cost. We at the Department
of Transportation believe that we have reached the optimum point of
balance for risk, and we will continue to consider this balance on
all future specification revisions.
The language above indicates that these specifications are to be
used only as a guideline during the design process, and that is
true. Once they have been incorporated into a Contract, however,
they become the legal and enforceable language of that Contract.
The Standard Specifications, the Amendments to the Standards, and
the Project Special Provisions, along with any attachments in the
Contract documents, define a Contract and are no longer seen as
guidelines. Rather, they are the written agreement, subject to
revision only through the change order process.
This preface is for informational purposes only and is not to be
used to interpret or affect the terms.
Jeff Carpenter, P.E. State Construction Engineer
Page ii 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Foreword
2012 Standard Specifications
Division 4 Bases
Division 6 Structures
Division 7 Drainage Structures, Storm Sewers, Sanitary Sewers,
Water Mains, and Conduits
Division 8 Miscellaneous Construction
Contents
Contents Division 1 General Requirements 1-01 Definitions and Terms
...............................................................................................
1-1
1-01.1 General
........................................................................................................
1-1 1-01.2 Abbreviations
..............................................................................................
1-1
1-01.2(1) Associations and Miscellaneous
............................................. 1-1 1-01.2(2) Items
of Work and Units of Measurement ..............................
1-2
1-01.3 Definitions
...................................................................................................
1-3 1-02 Bid Procedures and Conditions
...............................................................................
1-7
1-02.1 Prequalification of Bidders
.........................................................................
1-7 1-02.2 Plans and Specifications
..............................................................................
1-8 1-02.3 Estimated Quantities
...................................................................................
1-8 1-02.4 Examination of Plans, Specifications, and Site of Work
............................. 1-8
1-02.4(1) General
....................................................................................
1-8 1-02.4(2) Subsurface Information
.........................................................
1-10
1-02.5 Proposal Forms
.........................................................................................
1-10 1-02.6 Preparation of Proposal
.............................................................................
1-10 1-02.7 Bid Deposit
...............................................................................................
1-11 1-02.8 Noncollusion Declaration and Lobbying Certification
............................. 1-11
1-02.8(1) Noncollusion Declaration
..................................................... 1-11
1-02.8(2) Lobbying Certification
..........................................................
1-12
1-02.9 Delivery of Proposal
.................................................................................
1-12 1-02.10 Withdrawing, Revising, or Supplementing Proposal
................................ 1-13 1-02.11 Combination and
Multiple Proposals
........................................................ 1-13
1-02.12 Public Opening of Proposals
.....................................................................
1-14 1-02.13 Irregular Proposals
....................................................................................
1-14 1-02.14 Disqualification of Bidders
.......................................................................
1-14 1-02.15 Pre-Award Information
.............................................................................
1-15
1-03 Award and Execution of Contract
.........................................................................
1-16 1-03.1 Consideration of Bids
...............................................................................
1-16
1-03.1(1) Tied Bids
...............................................................................
1-16 1-03.2 Award of Contract
.....................................................................................
1-16 1-03.3 Execution of Contract
...............................................................................
1-17 1-03.4 Contract Bond
...........................................................................................
1-17 1-03.5 Failure to Execute Contract
......................................................................
1-17 1-03.6 Return of Bid Deposit
...............................................................................
1-18 1-03.7 Judicial Review
.........................................................................................
1-18
1-04 Scope of the Work
...................................................................................................
1-19 1-04.1 Intent of the Contract
................................................................................
1-19
1-04.1(1) Bid Items Included in the Proposal
....................................... 1-19 1-04.1(2) Bid Items
Not Included in the Proposal ................................
1-19
1-04.2 Coordination of Contract Documents, Plans, Special
Provisions, Specifications, and Addenda
.....................................................................
1-19
1-04.3 Vacant
........................................................................................................
1-19 1-04.4 Changes
.....................................................................................................
1-20
1-04.4(1) Minor Changes
......................................................................
1-21 1-04.5 Procedure and Protest by the Contractor
.................................................. 1-21 1-04.6
Variation in Estimated Quantities
............................................................. 1-22
1-04.7 Differing Site Conditions (Changed
Conditions)...................................... 1-23 1-04.8
Progress Estimates and Payments
............................................................. 1-24
1-04.9 Use of Buildings or Structures
..................................................................
1-24 1-04.10 Use of Materials Found on the Project
..................................................... 1-24 1-04.11
Final Cleanup
............................................................................................
1-24
Page 4 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
1-05 Control of Work
......................................................................................................
1-25 1-05.1 Authority of the Engineer
.........................................................................
1-25 1-05.2 Authority of Assistants and Inspectors
..................................................... 1-25 1-05.3
Plans and Working Drawings
....................................................................
1-26 1-05.4 Conformity With and Deviations From Plans and Stakes
........................ 1-26 1-05.5 Vacant
........................................................................................................
1-27 1-05.6 Inspection of Work and Materials
............................................................. 1-27
1-05.7 Removal of Defective and Unauthorized Work
........................................ 1-28 1-05.8 Vacant
........................................................................................................
1-28 1-05.9 Equipment
.................................................................................................
1-28 1-05.10 Guarantees
.................................................................................................
1-28 1-05.11 Final Inspection
.........................................................................................
1-28 1-05.12 Final Acceptance
.......................................................................................
1-28 1-05.13 Superintendents, Labor, and Equipment of Contractor
............................. 1-29
1-05.13(1) Emergency Contact List
........................................................ 1-29
1-05.14 Cooperation With Other Contractors
........................................................ 1-29
1-05.15 Method of Serving Notices
.......................................................................
1-30
1-06 Control of Material
.................................................................................................
1-31 1-06.1 Approval of Materials Prior to Use
...........................................................
1-31
1-06.1(1) Qualified Products List (QPL)
.............................................. 1-31 1-06.1(2)
Request for Approval of Material (RAM) ............................
1-31 1-06.1(3) Aggregate Source Approval (ASA) Database
....................... 1-32 1-06.1(4) Fabrication Inspection
Expense ............................................ 1-32
1-06.2 Acceptance of Materials
...........................................................................
1-33 1-06.2(1) Samples and Tests for Acceptance
........................................ 1-33 1-06.2(2) Statistical
Evaluation of Materials for Acceptance ............... 1-33
1-06.2(2)A General
............................................................ 1-33
1-06.2(2)B Financial Incentive
.......................................... 1-38 1-06.2(2)C Removed
and Rejected Materials ................... 1-38 1-06.2(2)D Quality
Level Analysis .................................... 1-38
1-06.2(2)D1 General ................................... 1-38
1-06.2(2)D2 Hot Mix Asphalt..................... 1-38 1-06.2(2)D3
Other Materials ...................... 1-39 1-06.2(2)D4 Quality
Level Calculation ...... 1-39
1-06.3 Manufacturer’s Certificate of Compliance
................................................ 1-40 1-06.4
Handling and Storing Materials
................................................................
1-40 1-06.5 Owners Manuals and Operating Instructions
............................................ 1-40 1-06.6 Vacant
........................................................................................................
1-40
1-07 Legal Relations and Responsibilities to the Public
.............................................. 1-41 1-07.1 Laws to
be Observed
.................................................................................
1-41 1-07.2 State Taxes
................................................................................................
1-41
1-07.2(1) State Sales Tax: Work Performed on City, County, or
Federally-Owned Land
.........................................................
1-42
1-07.2(2) State Sales Tax: Work on State-Owned or Private Land
....... 1-42 1-07.2(3) Services
.................................................................................
1-42
1-07.3 Forest Protection and Merchantable Timber Requirements
...................... 1-42 1-07.3(1) Forest Fire Prevention
........................................................... 1-42
1-07.3(2) Merchantable Timber Requirements
..................................... 1-43
1-07.4 Sanitation
..................................................................................................
1-43 1-07.4(1) General
..................................................................................
1-43 1-07.4(2) Health Hazards
......................................................................
1-43
1-07.5 Environmental Regulations
.......................................................................
1-43 1-07.5(1) General
..................................................................................
1-43 1-07.5(2) State Department of Fish and Wildlife
.................................. 1-43
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10 Page 5
Contents
1-07.5(3) State Department of Ecology
................................................ 1-44 1-07.5(4) Air
Quality
............................................................................
1-44
1-07.6 Permits and Licenses
.................................................................................
1-45 1-07.7 Load Limits
...............................................................................................
1-45
1-07.7(1) General
..................................................................................
1-45 1-07.7(2) Load-Limit Restrictions
........................................................ 1-45
1-07.8 High-Visibility Apparel
.............................................................................
1-46 1-07.8(1) Traffic Control Personnel
...................................................... 1-46
1-07.8(2) Non-Traffic Control Personnel
.............................................. 1-47
1-07.9 Wages
........................................................................................................
1-47 1-07.9(1) General
..................................................................................
1-47 1-07.9(2) Posting Notices
.....................................................................
1-48 1-07.9(3) Apprentices
...........................................................................
1-49 1-07.9(4)
Disputes.................................................................................
1-49 1-07.9(5) Required Documents
............................................................. 1-49
1-07.9(6) Audits
....................................................................................
1-49
1-07.10 Worker’s Benefits
......................................................................................
1-50 1-07.11 Requirements for Nondiscrimination
........................................................ 1-50
1-07.11(1) General Application
.............................................................. 1-50
1-07.11(2) Contractual Requirements
..................................................... 1-50
1-07.11(2)A Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Responsibilities
............................................... 1-51
1-07.11(3) Equal Employment Opportunity Officer
............................... 1-52 1-07.11(4) Dissemination of
Policy ........................................................
1-52
1-07.11(4)A Supervisory Personnel
.................................... 1-52 1-07.11(4)B Employees,
Applicants, and
Potential Employees ........................................ 1-53
1-07.11(5) Sanctions
...............................................................................
1-53 1-07.11(6) Incorporation of Provisions
................................................... 1-53 1-07.11(7)
Vacant
....................................................................................
1-53 1-07.11(8) Vacant
....................................................................................
1-53 1-07.11(9) Subcontracting, Procurement of Materials, and
Leasing of Equipment
........................................................... 1-54
1-07.11(10) Records and Reports
.............................................................
1-54
1-07.11(10)A General
............................................................ 1-54
1-07.11(10)B Required Records and Retention ....................
1-54
1-07.12 Federal Agency Inspection
........................................................................
1-54 1-07.13 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work
....................................................... 1-55
1-07.13(1) General
..................................................................................
1-55 1-07.13(2) Relief of Responsibility for Completed Work
...................... 1-55 1-07.13(3) Relief of Responsibility for
Damage by Public Traffic ........ 1-55 1-07.13(4) Repair of Damage
.................................................................
1-56
1-07.14 Responsibility for Damage
.......................................................................
1-56 1-07.15 Temporary Water Pollution/Erosion Control
............................................ 1-58
1-07.15(1) Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures Plan
.......... 1-58 1-07.16 Protection and Restoration of Property
..................................................... 1-60
1-07.16(1) Private/Public Property
......................................................... 1-60
1-07.16(2) Vegetation Protection and Restoration
.................................. 1-61
1-07.16(2)A Wetland and Sensitive Area Protection ........... 1-62
1-07.16(3) Fences, Mailboxes, Incidentals
............................................. 1-62 1-07.16(4)
Archaeological and Historical Objects
................................. 1-62
1-07.16(4)A Inadvertent Discovery of Human Skeletal Remains
............................................. 1-62
1-07.16(5) Payment
.................................................................................
1-63
Contents
the Contractor
........................................................................
1-63 1-07.17(2) Utility Construction, Removal, or Relocation by
Others ...... 1-63
1-07.18 Public Liability and Property Damage Insurance
..................................... 1-64 1-07.19 Gratuities
...................................................................................................
1-66 1-07.20 Patented Devices, Materials, and Processes
............................................. 1-66 1-07.21 Rock
Drilling Safety Requirements
.......................................................... 1-66
1-07.22 Use of Explosives
.....................................................................................
1-66 1-07.23 Public Convenience and Safety
................................................................
1-67
1-07.23(1) Construction Under Traffic
................................................... 1-67 1-07.23(2)
Construction and Maintenance of Detours ...........................
1-69
1-07.24 Rights of Way
............................................................................................
1-69 1-07.25 Opening of Sections to Traffic
..................................................................
1-69 1-07.26 Personal Liability of Public Officers
......................................................... 1-70
1-07.27 No Waiver of State’s Legal Rights
............................................................
1-70
1-08 Prosecution and Progress
.......................................................................................
1-71 1-08.1 Subcontracting
..........................................................................................
1-71
1-08.1(1) Subcontract Completion and Return of Retainage Withheld
1-72 1-08.2 Assignment
...............................................................................................
1-73 1-08.3 Progress Schedule
.....................................................................................
1-73
1-08.3(1) General Requirements
........................................................... 1-73
1-08.3(2) Progress Schedule Types
....................................................... 1-74
1-08.3(2)A Type A Progress Schedule ...............................
1-74 1-08.3(2)B Type B Progress Schedule
.............................. 1-74 1-08.3(2)C Vacant
.............................................................. 1-74
1-08.3(2)D Weekly Look-Ahead Schedule ........................
1-74
1-08.3(3) Schedule Updates
..................................................................
1-75 1-08.3(4) Measurement
.........................................................................
1-75 1-08.3(5) Payment
.................................................................................
1-75
1-08.4 Prosecution of Work
..................................................................................
1-75 1-08.5 Time for Completion
.................................................................................
1-76 1-08.6 Suspension of Work
..................................................................................
1-77 1-08.7 Maintenance During Suspension
.............................................................. 1-78
1-08.8 Extensions of Time
...................................................................................
1-78 1-08.9 Liquidated Damages
.................................................................................
1-80 1-08.10 Termination of Contract
............................................................................
1-81
1-08.10(1) Termination for Default
........................................................ 1-81
1-08.10(2) Termination for Public Convenience
.................................... 1-82 1-08.10(3) Termination
for Public Convenience Payment Request ....... 1-82 1-08.10(4)
Payment for Termination for Public Convenience ................
1-83 1-08.10(5) Responsibility of the Contractor and Surety
......................... 1-83
1-09 Measurement and
Payment....................................................................................
1-84 1-09.1 Measurement of Quantities
.......................................................................
1-84 1-09.2 Weighing
Equipment.................................................................................
1-85
1-09.2(1) General Requirements for Weighing Equipment
.................. 1-85 1-09.2(2) Specific Requirements for
Batching Scales .......................... 1-86 1-09.2(3) Specific
Requirements for Platform Scales ........................... 1-86
1-09.2(4) Specific Requirements for Belt Conveyor Scales
................. 1-87 1-09.2(5) Measurement
.........................................................................
1-87 1-09.2(6) Payment
.................................................................................
1-88
1-09.3 Scope of Payment
.....................................................................................
1-88 1-09.4 Equitable Adjustment
................................................................................
1-89 1-09.5 Deleted or Terminated Work
.....................................................................
1-89 1-09.6 Force Account
...........................................................................................
1-90
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10 Page 7
Contents
1-09.7 Mobilization
..............................................................................................
1-93 1-09.8 Payment for Material on Hand
..................................................................
1-93 1-09.9 Payments
...................................................................................................
1-94
1-09.9(1) Retainage
...............................................................................
1-95 1-09.10 Payment for Surplus Processed Materials
................................................. 1-96 1-09.11
Disputes and Claims
.................................................................................
1-96
1-09.11(1) Disputes Review Board
......................................................... 1-96
1-09.11(1)A Disputes Review Board Membership ............. 1-97
1-09.11(1)B Disputes Review Board Procedures ................
1-98
1-09.11(2) Claims
...................................................................................
1-99 1-09.11(3) Time Limitation and Jurisdiction
........................................ 1-101
1-09.12 Audits
......................................................................................................
1-101 1-09.12(1) General
................................................................................
1-101 1-09.12(2) Claims
.................................................................................
1-101 1-09.12(3) Required Documents for Audits
.......................................... 1-102
1-09.13 Claims Resolution
...................................................................................
1-102 1-09.13(1) General
................................................................................
1-102 1-09.13(2) Nonbinding Alternative Disputes Resolution (ADR)
......... 1-103 1-09.13(3) Claims $250,000 or Less
..................................................... 1-103
1-09.13(3)A Administration of Arbitration .......................
1-103 1-09.13(3)B Procedures to Pursue Arbitration
.................. 1-103
1-09.13(4) Claims in Excess of $250,000
............................................. 1-104 1-10 Temporary
Traffic Control
...................................................................................
1-105
1-10.1 General
....................................................................................................
1-105 1-10.1(1) Materials
.............................................................................
1-105 1-10.1(2) Description
..........................................................................
1-105
1-10.2 Traffic Control Management
...................................................................
1-106 1-10.2(1) General
................................................................................
1-106
1-10.2(1)A Traffic Control Management .........................
1-106 1-10.2(1)B Traffic Control Supervisor
............................ 1-107
1-10.2(2) Traffic Control Plans
........................................................... 1-108
1-10.2(3) Conformance to Established Standards
.............................. 1-108
1-10.3 Traffic Control Labor, Procedures, and Devices
..................................... 1-109 1-10.3(1) Traffic
Control Labor
..........................................................
1-109
1-10.3(1)A Flaggers and Spotters
.................................... 1-110 1-10.3(1)B Other Traffic
Control Labor .......................... 1-110
1-10.3(2) Traffic Control Procedures
.................................................. 1-110 1-10.3(2)A
One-Way Traffic Control .............................. 1-110
1-10.3(2)B Rolling Slowdown
......................................... 1-111 1-10.3(2)C Lane
Closure Setup/Takedown ...................... 1-111 1-10.3(2)D
Mobile Operations ........................................ 1-112
1-10.3(2)E Patrol and Maintain Traffic
Control Measures .......................................... 1-112
1-10.3(3) Traffic Control Devices
....................................................... 1-112
1-10.3(3)A Construction Signs
........................................ 1-112 1-10.3(3)B
Sequential Arrow Signs ................................. 1-113
1-10.3(3)C Portable Changeable Message Sign .............. 1-113
1-10.3(3)D Barricades
..................................................... 1-113
1-10.3(3)E Traffic Safety Drums
..................................... 1-113 1-10.3(3)F Barrier
Drums ............................................... 1-114
1-10.3(3)G Traffic Cones and Tall Channelizing Devices 1-114
1-10.3(3)H Tubular Markers
............................................ 1-114 1-10.3(3)I
Warning Lights and Flashers......................... 1-114
1-10.3(3)J Transportable Attenuator ...............................
1-115 1-10.3(3)K Portable Temporary Traffic Control Signal ...
1-115
Page 8 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
1-10.4 Measurement
...........................................................................................
1-116 1-10.4(1) Lump Sum Bid for Project (No Unit Items)
....................... 1-116 1-10.4(2) Item Bids With Lump Sum for
Incidentals ......................... 1-116 1-10.4(3) Reinstating
Unit Items With Lump Sum Traffic Control .... 1-117 1-10.4(4)
Owner-Provided
Resources.................................................
1-117
1-10.5 Payment
...................................................................................................
1-117 1-10.5(1) Lump Sum Bid for Project (No Unit Items)
....................... 1-117 1-10.5(2) Item Bids With Lump Sum for
Incidentals ......................... 1-117 1-10.5(3) Reinstating
Unit Items With Lump Sum Traffic Control .... 1-119
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10 Page 9
Contents
Division 2 Earthwork 2-01 Clearing, Grubbing, and Roadside Cleanup
..........................................................
2-1
2-01.1 Description
..................................................................................................
2-1 2-01.2 Disposal of Usable Material and Debris
..................................................... 2-1
2-01.2(1) Disposal Method No. 1 – Open Burning
................................ 2-1 2-01.2(2) Disposal Method No.
2 – Waste Site ...................................... 2-1 2-01.2(3)
Disposal Method No. 3 – Chipping
........................................ 2-2
2-01.3 Construction Requirements
.........................................................................
2-2 2-01.3(1) Clearing
...................................................................................
2-2 2-01.3(2) Grubbing
.................................................................................
2-2 2-01.3(3) Vacant
......................................................................................
2-3 2-01.3(4) Roadside Cleanup
...................................................................
2-3
2-01.4 Measurement
...............................................................................................
2-3 2-01.5 Payment
.......................................................................................................
2-3
2-02 Removal of Structures and
Obstructions................................................................
2-4 2-02.1 Description
..................................................................................................
2-4 2-02.2 Vacant
..........................................................................................................
2-4 2-02.3 Construction Requirements
.........................................................................
2-4
2-02.3(1) Removal of Foundations
......................................................... 2-4
2-02.3(2) Removal of Bridges, Box Culverts, and
Other Drainage Structures
....................................................... 2-4
2-02.3(3) Removal of Pavement, Sidewalks, Curbs, and Gutters
.......... 2-4
2-02.4 Measurement
...............................................................................................
2-5 2-02.5 Payment
.......................................................................................................
2-5
2-03 Roadway Excavation and Embankment
.................................................................
2-6 2-03.1 Description
..................................................................................................
2-6 2-03.2 Vacant
..........................................................................................................
2-6 2-03.3 Construction Requirements
.........................................................................
2-6
2-03.3(1) Widening of Cuts
....................................................................
2-6 2-03.3(2) Rock Cuts
................................................................................
2-6 2-03.3(3) Excavation Below Subgrade
................................................... 2-8 2-03.3(4)
Sluicing
...................................................................................
2-9 2-03.3(5) Slope Treatment
......................................................................
2-9 2-03.3(6) Deposit of Rock for the Contracting Agency’s Use
................ 2-9 2-03.3(7) Disposal of Surplus Material
.................................................. 2-9
2-03.3(7)A General
.............................................................. 2-9
2-03.3(7)B Haul
...................................................................
2-9 2-03.3(7)C Contractor-Provided Disposal Site..................
2-10
2-03.3(8) Wasting Material
...................................................................
2-10 2-03.3(9) Roadway Ditches
..................................................................
2-10 2-03.3(10) Selected Material
..................................................................
2-10 2-03.3(11) Slides
.....................................................................................
2-11 2-03.3(12) Overbreak
..............................................................................
2-11 2-03.3(13) Borrow
..................................................................................
2-11 2-03.3(14) Embankment Construction
.................................................... 2-12
2-03.3(14)A Rock Embankment Construction .................... 2-12
2-03.3(14)B Earth Embankment Construction .................... 2-13
2-03.3(14)C Compacting Earth Embankments ................... 2-13
2-03.3(14)D Compaction and Moisture Control Tests ........ 2-14
2-03.3(14)E Unsuitable Foundation Excavation ................. 2-15
2-03.3(14)F Displacement of Unsuitable
Foundation Materials ...................................... 2-15
2-03.3(14)G Backfilling
....................................................... 2-15
2-03.3(14)H Prefabricated Vertical Drains
.......................... 2-15
Page 10 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
2-03.3(14)I Embankments at Bridge and Trestle Ends ...... 2-16
2-03.3(14)J Gravel Borrow Including Haul .......................
2-17 2-03.3(14)K Select or Common Borrow Including Haul .... 2-17
2-03.3(14)L Embankment Widening for Guardrail ............. 2-17
2-03.3(14)M Excavation of Channels and Ditches ..............
2-17
2-03.3(15) Aeration
.................................................................................
2-17 2-03.3(16) End Slopes
............................................................................
2-18 2-03.3(17) Snow Removal
......................................................................
2-18 2-03.3(18) Stepped Slope Construction
.................................................. 2-18
2-03.4 Measurement
.............................................................................................
2-19 2-03.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
2-20
2-04 Haul
..........................................................................................................................
2-22 2-04.1 Description
................................................................................................
2-22 2-04.2 Vacant
........................................................................................................
2-22 2-04.3 Vacant
........................................................................................................
2-22 2-04.4 Measurement
.............................................................................................
2-22 2-04.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
2-22
2-05 Vacant
.......................................................................................................................
2-23 2-06 Subgrade
Preparation.............................................................................................
2-24
2-06.1 Description
................................................................................................
2-24 2-06.2 Vacant
........................................................................................................
2-24 2-06.3 Construction Requirements
.......................................................................
2-24
2-06.3(1) Subgrade for Surfacing
......................................................... 2-24
2-06.3(2) Subgrade for Pavement
.........................................................
2-24
2-06.4 Vacant
........................................................................................................
2-24 2-06.5 Measurement and Payment
.......................................................................
2-25
2-06.5(1) Subgrade Constructed Under Same Contract
....................... 2-25 2-06.5(2) Subgrade Not Constructed
Under Same Contract ................ 2-25
2-07 Watering
...................................................................................................................
2-26 2-07.1 Description
................................................................................................
2-26 2-07.2 Vacant
........................................................................................................
2-26 2-07.3 Construction Requirements
.......................................................................
2-26 2-07.4 Measurement
.............................................................................................
2-26 2-07.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
2-26
2-08 Vacant
.......................................................................................................................
2-27 2-09 Structure Excavation
..............................................................................................
2-28
2-09.1 Description
................................................................................................
2-28 2-09.2 Materials
...................................................................................................
2-28 2-09.3 Construction Requirements
.......................................................................
2-28
2-09.3(1) General Requirements
........................................................... 2-28
2-09.3(1)A Staking, Cross-Sectioning, and Inspecting ..... 2-28
2-09.3(1)B Depth of Excavation
....................................... 2-28 2-09.3(1)C Removal of
Unstable Base Material ............... 2-28 2-09.3(1)D Disposal of
Excavated Material ...................... 2-28 2-09.3(1)E
Backfilling .......................................................
2-29 2-09.3(1)F Items to Remain
.............................................. 2-30
2-09.3(2) Classification of Structure Excavation
.................................. 2-30 2-09.3(3) Construction
Requirements, Structure Excavation, Class A . 2-30
2-09.3(3)A Preservation of Channel
.................................. 2-30 2-09.3(3)B Excavation Using
Open Pits –
Extra Excavation ............................................. 2-31
2-09.3(3)C Preparation for Placing Foundations ............... 2-32
2-09.3(3)D Shoring and Cofferdams .................................
2-32 2-09.3(3)E Bearing Tests
................................................... 2-34
2-09.3(4) Construction Requirements, Structure Excavation, Class B
. 2-35
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10 Page 11
Contents
2-10 Vacant
.......................................................................................................................
2-38 2-11 Trimming and Cleanup
..........................................................................................
2-39
2-11.1 Description
................................................................................................
2-39 2-11.2 Vacant
........................................................................................................
2-39 2-11.3 Construction Requirements
.......................................................................
2-39 2-11.4 Measurement
.............................................................................................
2-39 2-11.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
2-39
2-12 Construction Geosynthetic
.....................................................................................
2-40 2-12.1 Description
................................................................................................
2-40 2-12.2 Materials
...................................................................................................
2-40 2-12.3 Construction Requirements
.......................................................................
2-40
2-12.3(1) Underground Drainage
.......................................................... 2-41
2-12.3(2) Separation
.............................................................................
2-41 2-12.3(3) Soil Stabilization
...................................................................
2-41 2-12.3(4) Permanent Erosion Control and Ditch Lining
...................... 2-41
2-12.4 Measurement
.............................................................................................
2-42 2-12.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
2-42
Page 12 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
Division 3 Aggregate Production and Acceptance 3-01 Production From
Quarry and Pit Sites
...................................................................
3-1
3-01.1 Description
..................................................................................................
3-1 3-01.2 Material Sources, General Requirements
................................................... 3-1
3-01.2(1) Approval of Source
.................................................................
3-1 3-01.2(2) Preparation of Site
...................................................................
3-1 3-01.2(3) Stripping Quarries and Pits
..................................................... 3-1 3-01.2(4)
Production Requirements
........................................................ 3-1
3-01.2(5) Final Cleanup
..........................................................................
3-2
3-01.3 State Furnished Material Sources
............................................................... 3-2
3-01.3(1) Quality and Extent of Material
............................................... 3-2 3-01.3(2) When
More Than One Site is Provided ..................................
3-2 3-01.3(3) Reject Materials
......................................................................
3-3 3-01.3(4) Surplus Screenings
..................................................................
3-3 3-01.3(5) Moving Plant
...........................................................................
3-3
3-01.4 Contractor Furnished Material Sources
...................................................... 3-3
3-01.4(1) Acquisition and Development
................................................. 3-3 3-01.4(2)
Surplus Screenings
..................................................................
3-4 3-01.4(3) Substitution of Gravel Deposit in Lieu of Ledge Rock
or
Talus Source Provided by the Contracting Agency ................
3-4 3-01.4(4) Gravel Base
.............................................................................
3-5
3-01.5 Measurement
...............................................................................................
3-5 3-01.6 Payment
.......................................................................................................
3-5
3-02 Stockpiling Aggregates
.............................................................................................
3-6 3-02.1 Description
..................................................................................................
3-6 3-02.2 General Requirements
.................................................................................
3-6
3-02.2(1) Stockpile Sites Provided by the Contracting Agency
............. 3-6 3-02.2(2) Stockpile Site Provided by the
Contractor .............................. 3-6 3-02.2(3) Stockpiling
Aggregates for Future Use ................................... 3-6
3-02.2(4) Stockpiling Aggregates for Immediate Use
............................ 3-6 3-02.2(5) Preparation of Site
...................................................................
3-7 3-02.2(6) Construction of Stockpiles
...................................................... 3-7
3-02.2(7) Removing Aggregates From Stockpiles
.................................. 3-7
3-02.3 Additional Requirements for Specific Aggregates
...................................... 3-8 3-02.3(1) Washed
Aggregates
.................................................................
3-8
3-02.4 Measurement
...............................................................................................
3-8 3-02.5 Payment
.......................................................................................................
3-8
3-03 Site Reclamation
........................................................................................................
3-9 3-03.1 Description
..................................................................................................
3-9 3-03.2 General Requirements
.................................................................................
3-9
3-03.2(1) Contracting Agency-Provided Sites
........................................ 3-9 3-03.2(2)
Contractor-Provided Sites
....................................................... 3-9
3-03.2(3) Out-of-State Sites
....................................................................
3-9
3-03.3 Reclamation Plans
.......................................................................................
3-9 3-03.3(1) Contracting Agency-Provided Sites
........................................ 3-9 3-03.3(2)
Contractor-Provided Sites
..................................................... 3-10
3-03.4 Construction Requirements
.......................................................................
3-10 3-03.4(1) Erosion Control
.....................................................................
3-10 3-03.4(2) Deviations From Approved Reclamation Plans
.................... 3-10
3-03.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
3-10 3-03.5(1) Contracting Agency-Provided Sites
...................................... 3-10 3-03.5(2)
Contractor-Provided Sites
..................................................... 3-10
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10 Page 13
Contents
3-04 Acceptance of Aggregate
........................................................................................
3-11 3-04.1 Description
................................................................................................
3-11 3-04.2 Materials
...................................................................................................
3-11 3-04.3 Construction Requirements
.......................................................................
3-11
3-04.3(1) General
..................................................................................
3-11 3-04.3(2) Point of Acceptance
.............................................................. 3-11
3-04.3(3) Sampling
...............................................................................
3-11 3-04.3(4) Testing Results
......................................................................
3-11 3-04.3(5) Nonstatistical Evaluation
...................................................... 3-11
3-04.3(6) Statistical Evaluation
............................................................ 3-12
3-04.3(7) Rejected Work
.......................................................................
3-12
3-04.3(7)A General
............................................................ 3-12
3-04.3(7)B Rejection by Contractor
.................................. 3-12 3-04.3(7)C Rejection
Without Testing ............................... 3-12 3-04.3(7)D
Lots and Sublots .............................................
3-12
3-04.3(7)D1 A Partial Sublot ...................... 3-12
3-04.3(7)D2 An Entire Sublot .................... 3-13 3-04.3(7)D3
A Lot in Progress ................... 3-13 3-04.3(7)D4 An Entire
Lot ......................... 3-13
3-04.3(8) Price Adjustments for Quality of Aggregate
......................... 3-13 3-04.4 Measurement
.............................................................................................
3-13 3-04.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
3-13
Page 14 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
Division 4 Bases 4-01 Vacant
.........................................................................................................................
4-1 4-02 Gravel Base
................................................................................................................
4-2
4-02.1 Description
..................................................................................................
4-2 4-02.2 Materials
.....................................................................................................
4-2 4-02.3 Construction Requirements
.........................................................................
4-2 4-02.4 Measurement
...............................................................................................
4-2 4-02.5 Payment
.......................................................................................................
4-2
4-03 Vacant
.........................................................................................................................
4-3 4-04 Ballast and Crushed Surfacing
................................................................................
4-4
4-04.1 Description
..................................................................................................
4-4 4-04.2 Materials
.....................................................................................................
4-4 4-04.3 Construction Requirements
.........................................................................
4-4
4-04.3(1) Equipment
...............................................................................
4-4 4-04.3(2) Subgrade
.................................................................................
4-4 4-04.3(3) Mixing
.....................................................................................
4-4 4-04.3(4) Placing and Spreading
............................................................. 4-5
4-04.3(5) Shaping and Compaction
........................................................ 4-5
4-04.3(6) Keystone
.................................................................................
4-5 4-04.3(7) Miscellaneous Requirements
.................................................. 4-6 4-04.3(8)
Weather Limitations
................................................................
4-6 4-04.3(9) Hauling
....................................................................................
4-6 4-04.3(10) Hours of Work
.........................................................................
4-6 4-04.3(11) Permeable Ballast
....................................................................
4-6
4-04.4 Measurement
...............................................................................................
4-6 4-04.5 Payment
.......................................................................................................
4-7
4-05 Vacant
.........................................................................................................................
4-8 4-06 Asphalt Treated Base
................................................................................................
4-9
4-06.1 Description
..................................................................................................
4-9 4-06.2 Materials
.....................................................................................................
4-9 4-06.3 Construction Requirements
.........................................................................
4-9
4-06.3(1) Asphalt Mixing Plant
.............................................................. 4-9
4-06.3(2) Preparation of Aggregates
....................................................... 4-9
4-06.3(2)A Mix
Design........................................................ 4-9
4-06.3(3) Heating of Asphalt Material
.................................................... 4-9 4-06.3(4)
Mixing
.....................................................................................
4-9 4-06.3(5) Hauling Equipment
.................................................................
4-9 4-06.3(6) Spreading and Finishing
......................................................... 4-9
4-06.3(6)A Subgrade Protection Course ............................
4-10 4-06.3(6)B Finish Course
.................................................. 4-10
4-06.3(7) Density
..................................................................................
4-10 4-06.3(8) Anti-Stripping Additive
........................................................ 4-10
4-06.4 Measurement
.............................................................................................
4-10 4-06.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
4-10
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10 Page 15
Contents
Division 5 Surface Treatments and Pavements 5-01 Cement Concrete
Pavement Rehabilitation
...........................................................
5-1
5-01.1 Description
..................................................................................................
5-1 5-01.2 Materials
.....................................................................................................
5-1 5-01.3 Construction Requirements
.........................................................................
5-1
5-01.3(1) Vacant
......................................................................................
5-1 5-01.3(1)A Concrete Mix Designs
....................................... 5-1
5-01.3(1)A1 Concrete Patching Materials .... 5-1 5-01.3(1)A2
Portland Cement Concrete ....... 5-2
5-01.3(1)B Equipment
......................................................... 5-2
5-01.3(2) Material Acceptance
................................................................
5-2
5-01.3(2)A Concrete Patching Material
............................... 5-2 5-01.3(2)B Portland Cement
Concrete ................................ 5-2
5-01.3(2)B1 Rejection of Concrete .............. 5-2 5-01.3(3)
Vacant
......................................................................................
5-3 5-01.3(4) Replace Portland Cement Concrete Panel
.............................. 5-3 5-01.3(5) Partial Depth Spall
Repair ...................................................... 5-4
5-01.3(6) Dowel Bar Retrofit
..................................................................
5-5 5-01.3(7) Sealing Existing Concrete Random Cracks
............................ 5-6 5-01.3(8) Sealing Existing
Transverse and Longitudinal Joints ............. 5-6 5-01.3(9)
Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Grinding ......................
5-6
5-01.3(9)A Surface Finish
................................................... 5-7 5-01.3(10)
Pavement Smoothness
............................................................ 5-7
5-01.3(11) Concrete Slurry
.......................................................................
5-7
5-01.4 Measurement
...............................................................................................
5-7 5-01.5 Payment
.......................................................................................................
5-7
5-02 Bituminous Surface Treatment
................................................................................
5-9 5-02.1 Description
..................................................................................................
5-9
5-02.1(1) New Construction
...................................................................
5-9 5-02.1(2) Seal Coats
................................................................................
5-9 5-02.1(3) Pavement Sealers – Fog Seal
.................................................. 5-9
5-02.2 Materials
.....................................................................................................
5-9 5-02.3 Construction Requirements
.........................................................................
5-9
5-02.3(1) Equipment
...............................................................................
5-9 5-02.3(2) Preparation of Roadway Surface
.......................................... 5-10
5-02.3(2)A New Construction
........................................... 5-10 5-02.3(2)B Seal
Coats ........................................................ 5-10
5-02.3(2)C Pavement Sealing – Fog Seal ..........................
5-10 5-02.3(2)D Soil Residual Herbicide
.................................. 5-10
5-02.3(3) Application of Asphalt Emulsion and Aggregate
.................. 5-11 5-02.3(4) Vacant
....................................................................................
5-12 5-02.3(5) Application of Aggregates
.................................................... 5-12 5-02.3(6)
Additional Asphalt Emulsion and Aggregate ........................
5-13 5-02.3(7) Patching and Correction of Defects
...................................... 5-13 5-02.3(8) Progress of
Work
...................................................................
5-14 5-02.3(9) Protection of Structures
......................................................... 5-14
5-02.3(10) Unfavorable Weather
............................................................ 5-14
5-02.3(11) Temporary Raised Pavement Markings
................................ 5-14
5-02.4 Measurement
.............................................................................................
5-14 5-02.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
5-15
5-03 Vacant
.......................................................................................................................
5-16 5-04 Hot Mix Asphalt
......................................................................................................
5-17
5-04.1 Description
................................................................................................
5-17 5-04.2 Materials
...................................................................................................
5-17
Page 16 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
5-04.3 Construction Requirements
.......................................................................
5-18 5-04.3(1) Hot Mix Asphalt Mixing Plant
.............................................. 5-18 5-04.3(2)
Hauling Equipment
...............................................................
5-18 5-04.3(3) Hot Mix Asphalt Pavers
........................................................ 5-18
5-04.3(3)A Material Transfer Device/Vehicle ...................
5-19 5-04.3(4) Rollers
...................................................................................
5-20 5-04.3(5) Conditioning of Existing Surface
.......................................... 5-20
5-04.3(5)A Preparation of Existing Surfaces .....................
5-20 5-04.3(5)B Preparation of Untreated Roadway .................
5-20 5-04.3(5)C Crack Sealing
.................................................. 5-21 5-04.3(5)D
Soil Residual Herbicide .................................. 5-21
5-04.3(5)E Pavement Repair
............................................. 5-21
5-04.3(6) Vacant
....................................................................................
5-22 5-04.3(7) Preparation of Aggregates
..................................................... 5-22
5-04.3(7)A Mix
Design...................................................... 5-22
5-04.3(7)A1 General ................................... 5-22
5-04.3(7)A2 Statistical or Nonstatistical
5-04.3(8) Mixing
...................................................................................
5-23 5-04.3(8)A Acceptance Sampling and Testing –
HMA Mixture.................................................. 5-23
5-04.3(8)A1 General ................................... 5-23
5-04.3(8)A2 Aggregate ............................... 5-24
5-04.3(8)A3 Sampling ................................ 5-24
5-04.3(8)A4 Definition of Sampling
Lot and Sublot ........................ 5-24 5-04.3(8)A5 Test
Results ............................ 5-24 5-04.3(8)A6 Test Methods
.......................... 5-24 5-04.3(8)A7 Test Section – HMA
Mixtures 5-25
5-04.3(9) Spreading and Finishing
....................................................... 5-25
5-04.3(10) Compaction
...........................................................................
5-25
5-04.3(10)A General
............................................................ 5-25
5-04.3(10)B Control
............................................................
5-26
5-04.3(10)B1 General ................................... 5-26
5-04.3(10)B2 Cyclic Density ........................ 5-26
5-04.3(10)B3 Longitudinal Joint Density ..... 5-26 5-04.3(10)B4
Test Results ............................ 5-26
5-04.3(11) Reject Work
...........................................................................
5-27 5-04.3(11)A General
............................................................ 5-27
5-04.3(11)B Rejection by Contractor
.................................. 5-27 5-04.3(11)C Rejection
Without Testing ............................... 5-27 5-04.3(11)D
General
............................................................
5-27
5-04.3(11)D1 A Partial Sublot ...................... 5-27
5-04.3(11)D2 An Entire Sublot .................... 5-28
5-04.3(11)D3 A Lot in Progress ................... 5-28
5-04.3(11)D4 An Entire Lot ......................... 5-28
5-04.3(12) Joints
.....................................................................................
5-28 5-04.3(12)A Transverse Joints
............................................. 5-28 5-04.3(12)B
Longitudinal Joints..........................................
5-28
5-04.3(13) Surface Smoothness
.............................................................. 5-29
5-04.3(14) Planing Bituminous Pavement
.............................................. 5-29 5-04.3(15) HMA
Road Approaches
........................................................ 5-30
5-04.3(16) Weather Limitations
..............................................................
5-30
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10 Page 17
Contents
5-04.3(17) Paving Under Traffic
............................................................. 5-30
5-04.3(18) Vacant
....................................................................................
5-30 5-04.3(19) Sealing of Pavement Surfaces
.............................................. 5-30 5-04.3(20)
Anti-Stripping Additive
........................................................ 5-30
5-04.3(21) Vacant
....................................................................................
5-30
5-04.4 Measurement
.............................................................................................
5-31 5-04.5 Payment
.....................................................................................................
5-31
5-04.5(1) Quality Assurance Price Adjustments
................................... 5-33 5-04.5(1)A Price
Adjustments for Quality of
HMA Mixture.................................................. 5-33
5-04.5(1)B Price Adjustments for Quality of
5-05.1 Description
................................................................................................
5-35 5-05.2 Materials
...................................................................................................
5-35 5-05.3 Construction Requirements
.......................................................................
5-35
5-05.3(1) Concrete Mix Design for Paving
.......................................... 5-35 5-05.3(2)
Consistency
...........................................................................
5-36 5-05.3(3) Equipment
.............................................................................
5-36
5-05.3(3)A Batching Plant and Equipment ........................
5-36 5-05.3(3)B Mixing Equipment
.......................................... 5-37 5-05.3(3)C
Finishing Equipment ....................................... 5-37
5-05.3(3)D Joint Sawing Equipment .................................
5-37 5-05.3(3)E Smoothness Testing Equipment ......................
5-38
5-05.3(4) Measuring and Batching Materials
....................................... 5-38 5-05.3(4)A Acceptance
of Portland Cement
Concrete Pavement ......................................... 5-38
5-05.3(5) Mixing Concrete
...................................................................
5-40
5-05.3(5)A Limitations of Mixing
..................................... 5-40 5-05.3(6) Subgrade
...............................................................................
5-41 5-05.3(7) Placing, Spreading, and Compacting Concrete
..................... 5-41
5-05.3(7)A Slip-Form Construction
.................................. 5-41 5-05.3(7)B Stationary Side
Form Construction ................. 5-42
5-05.3(8) Joints
.....................................................................................
5-43 5-05.3(8)A Contraction Joints
........................................... 5-43 5-05.3(8)B Sealing
Sawed Contraction Joints ................... 5-43 5-05.3(8)C
Construction Joints.......................................... 5-43
5-05.3(8)D Isolation Joints
................................................ 5-43
5-05.3(9) Vacant
....................................................................................
5-44 5-05.3(10) Tie Bars and Corrosion Resistant Dowel Bars
...................... 5-44 5-05.3(11) Finishing
...............................................................................
5-44 5-05.3(12) Surface Smoothness
.............................................................. 5-45
5-05.3(13) Curing
...................................................................................
5-47
5-05.3(13)A Curing Compound
........................................... 5-47 5-05.3(13)B White
Polyethylene Sheeting .......................... 5-48 5-05.3(13)C
Wet Curing ......................................................
5-48
5-05.3(14) Cold Weather Work
...............................................................
5-48 5-05.3(15) Concrete Pavement Construction in Adjacent Lanes
............ 5-48 5-05.3(16) Protection of Pavement
......................................................... 5-48
5-05.3(17) Opening to Traffic
.................................................................
5-49 5-05.3(18) Vacant
....................................................................................
5-49 5-05.3(19) Vacant
....................................................................................
5-49 5-05.3(20) Vacant
....................................................................................
5-49 5-05.3(21) Vacant
....................................................................................
5-49 5-05.3(22) Repair of Defective Pavement Slabs
..................................... 5-49
Page 18 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
5-05.5(1) Pavement Thickness
.............................................................. 5-51
5-05.5(1)A Thickness Deficiency of 0.05 Foot or Less ..... 5-52
5-05.5(1)B Thickness Deficiency of More Than
0.05 Foot .........................................................
5-52
Contents
Division 6 Structures 6-01 General Requirements for Structures
.....................................................................
6-1
6-01.1 Description
..................................................................................................
6-1 6-01.2 Foundation Data
..........................................................................................
6-1 6-01.3 Clearing the Site
..........................................................................................
6-1 6-01.4 Appearance of Structures
............................................................................
6-1 6-01.5 Vacant
..........................................................................................................
6-1 6-01.6 Load Restrictions on Bridges Under Construction
..................................... 6-1 6-01.7 Navigable Streams
......................................................................................
6-2 6-01.8 Approaches to Movable Spans
....................................................................
6-2 6-01.9 Working Drawings
......................................................................................
6-2 6-01.10 Utilities Supported by or Attached to Bridges
............................................ 6-2 6-01.11 Name
Plates
................................................................................................
6-3 6-01.12 Final Cleanup
..............................................................................................
6-3 6-01.13 Vacant
..........................................................................................................
6-4 6-01.14 Premolded Joint Filler
.................................................................................
6-4 6-01.15 Normal Temperature
...................................................................................
6-4
6-02 Concrete Structures
..................................................................................................
6-5 6-02.1 Description
..................................................................................................
6-5 6-02.2 Materials
.....................................................................................................
6-5 6-02.3 Construction Requirements
.........................................................................
6-5
6-02.3(1) Classification of Structural Concrete
...................................... 6-5 6-02.3(2) Proportioning
Materials
..........................................................
6-5
6-02.3(2)A Contractor Mix Design
..................................... 6-7 6-02.3(2)B Commercial
Concrete ....................................... 6-7 6-02.3(2)C
Vacant
................................................................
6-7 6-02.3(2)D Lean Concrete
................................................... 6-7
6-02.3(3) Admixtures
..............................................................................
6-8 6-02.3(4) Ready-Mix Concrete
...............................................................
6-8
6-02.3(4)A Qualification of Concrete Suppliers ..................
6-8 6-02.3(4)B Jobsite Mixing
................................................. 6-10 6-02.3(4)C
Consistency .....................................................
6-10 6-02.3(4)D Temperature and Time for Placement .............
6-10
6-02.3(5) Acceptance of Concrete
........................................................ 6-11
6-02.3(5)A General
............................................................ 6-11
6-02.3(5)B Certification of Compliance ............................
6-12 6-02.3(5)C Conformance to Mix Design
........................... 6-12 6-02.3(5)D Test Methods
................................................... 6-13 6-02.3(5)E
Point of Acceptance ........................................ 6-13
6-02.3(5)F Water/Cement Ratio Conformance ................. 6-13
6-02.3(5)G Sampling and Testing Frequency for
Temperature, Consistency, and Air Content.... 6-14 6-02.3(5)H
Sampling and Testing for Compressive
Strength and Initial Curing .............................. 6-14
6-02.3(5)I Vacant
.............................................................. 6-14
6-02.3(5)J Vacant
.............................................................. 6-14
6-02.3(5)K Rejecting Concrete
.......................................... 6-15 6-02.3(5)L Concrete
With Non-Conforming Strength ...... 6-15
6-02.3(6) Placing Concrete
...................................................................
6-15 6-02.3(6)A Weather and Temperature Limits to
Protect Concrete ..............................................
6-17 6-02.3(6)A1 Hot Weather Protection ......... 6-17 6-02.3(6)A2
Cold Weather Protection ........ 6-18
Page 20 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
6-02.3(6)D1 Prescriptive Safe Distance Method
................................... 6-20
6-02.3(6)D2 Monitoring Safe Distance Method
................................... 6-21
6-02.3(7) Concrete Exposed to Sea Water
............................................ 6-21 6-02.3(8)
Concrete Exposed to Alkaline Soils or Water .......................
6-21 6-02.3(9) Vibration of Concrete
............................................................ 6-22
6-02.3(10) Bridge Decks and Bridge Approach Slabs
............................ 6-22
6-02.3(10)A Preconstruction Meeting
................................. 6-22 6-02.3(10)B Screed Rail
Supports ....................................... 6-23 6-02.3(10)C
Finishing Equipment ....................................... 6-23
6-02.3(10)D Concrete Placement, Finishing, and Texturing 6-23
6-02.3(10)E Sidewalk
......................................................... 6-25
6-02.3(10)F Bridge Approach Slab Orientation
and Anchors ....................................................
6-25 6-02.3(11) Curing Concrete
....................................................................
6-26
6-02.3(11)A Curing and Finishing Concrete Traffic and Pedestrian
Barrier ..................................... 6-27 6-02.3(11)A1
Fixed-Form Barrier ................ 6-27 6-02.3(11)A2 Slip-Form
Barrier ................... 6-27
6-02.3(12) Construction
Joints................................................................
6-28 6-02.3(12)A Construction Joints in New Construction .......
6-28 6-02.3(12)B Construction Joints Between Existing
and New Construction ..................................... 6-29
6-02.3(13) Expansion Joints
...................................................................
6-29 6-02.3(14) Finishing Concrete Surfaces
................................................. 6-29
6-02.3(14)A Class 1 Surface Finish
..................................... 6-29 6-02.3(14)B Class 2
Surface Finish ..................................... 6-30
6-02.3(14)C Pigmented Sealer for Concrete Surfaces .........
6-30
6-02.3(15) Date Numerals
......................................................................
6-30 6-02.3(16) Plans for Falsework and Formwork
...................................... 6-31
6-02.3(16)A Nonpreapproved Falsework and Formwork Plans
.............................................. 6-33
6-02.3(16)B Preapproved Formwork Plans .........................
6-34 6-02.3(17) Falsework and Formwork
..................................................... 6-34
6-02.3(17)A Design Loads
.................................................. 6-35 6-02.3(17)B
Allowable Design Stresses and Deflections .... 6-36
6-02.3(17)B1 Deflection ............................... 6-37
6-02.3(17)B2 Timber .................................... 6-37
6-02.3(17)B3 Steel .......................................
6-38
6-02.3(17)C Falsework and Formwork at Special Locations
............................................ 6-38
6-02.3(17)D Falsework Support Systems: Piling, Temporary Concrete
Footings, Timber Mudsills, Manufactured Shoring Towers, Caps, and
Posts ............................................... 6-40
6-02.3(17)D1 Piling ...................................... 6-40
6-02.3(17)D2 Temporary Concrete Footings
and Timber Mudsills .............. 6-40 6-02.3(17)D3 Bents, Shoring
Towers, Piling,
Posts, and Caps ...................... 6-42
Contents
6-02.3(17)D5 Cross-Braced Type Base Frames
........................... 6-44
6-02.3(17)D6 Ladder Type Base Frames ...... 6-45 6-02.3(17)D7
Intermediate Strength Shoring 6-46 6-02.3(17)D8 Heavy-Duty Shoring
Systems 6-46
6-02.3(17)E Stringers, Beams, Joists, Bridge Deck Support, and Deck
Overhangs ........................ 6-47
6-02.3(17)F Bracing
............................................................ 6-48
6-02.3(17)F1 Cable or Tension
Bracing Systems .................... 6-49 6-02.3(17)F2 Applying
Wire Rope Clips ..... 6-51 6-02.3(17)F3 Anchor Blocks
....................... 6-51 6-02.3(17)F4 Temporary Bracing
for
Bridge Girders ........................ 6-52 6-02.3(17)G Testing
Falsework Devices ............................. 6-53 6-02.3(17)H
Formwork Accessories .................................... 6-53
6-02.3(17)I Timber Connections
........................................ 6-54
6-02.3(17)I1 Bolted Connections ................ 6-55 6-02.3(17)I2
Lag Screw Connections ......... 6-56 6-02.3(17)I3 Drift Pin and
Drift
Bolt Connections .................... 6-56 6-02.3(17)I4 Nailed and
Spiked Joints ........ 6-56 6-02.3(17)I5 Timber Connection
Adjustment
for Duration of Load .............. 6-57 6-02.3(17)J Face Lumber,
Studs, Wales, and Metal Forms 6-58 6-02.3(17)K Concrete Forms on
Steel Spans ...................... 6-60 6-02.3(17)L Finishing
Machine Support System ................ 6-60 6-02.3(17)M Restricted
Overhead Clearance Sign .............. 6-60 6-02.3(17)N Removal of
Falsework and Forms .................. 6-61 6-02.3(17)O Early
Concrete Test Cylinder Breaks .............. 6-62
6-02.3(18) Placing Anchor Bolts
............................................................ 6-63
6-02.3(19) Bridge Bearings
....................................................................
6-63
6-02.3(19)A Vacant
.............................................................. 6-63
6-02.3(19)B Bridge Bearing Assemblies .............................
6-63
6-02.3(20) Grout for Anchor Bolts and Bridge Bearings
....................... 6-63 6-02.3(21) Drainage of Box Girder
Cells ............................................... 6-64
6-02.3(22) Drainage of Substructure
...................................................... 6-64
6-02.3(23) Opening to Traffic
.................................................................
6-64 6-02.3(24) Reinforcement
.......................................................................
6-64
6-02.3(24)A Field Bending
.................................................. 6-64 6-02.3(24)B
Protection of Materials .................................... 6-66
6-02.3(24)C Placing and Fastening
..................................... 6-66 6-02.3(24)D Splicing
........................................................... 6-68
6-02.3(24)E Welding Reinforcing Steel
.............................. 6-69 6-02.3(24)F Mechanical Splices
......................................... 6-70 6-02.3(24)G Job
Control Tests ............................................. 6-71
6-02.3(24)H Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bar ..............
6-71
6-02.3(25) Prestressed Concrete Girders
................................................ 6-71 6-02.3(25)A
Shop Drawings ................................................ 6-73
6-02.3(25)B Casting
............................................................ 6-73
6-02.3(25)C Prestressing
..................................................... 6-74
6-02.3(25)D Curing
.............................................................
6-75
Page 22 2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10
Contents
6-02.3(26) Cast-In-Place Prestressed Concrete
...................................... 6-84 6-02.3(26)A Shop
Drawings ................................................ 6-85
6-02.3(26)B General Requirements for Anchorages ........... 6-86
6-02.3(26)C Normal Anchorage Devices ............................
6-87 6-02.3(26)D Special Anchorage Devices
............................. 6-87
6-02.3(26)D1 Test Block Requirements ....... 6-88 6-02.3(26)D2 Test
Block Dimensions .......... 6-88 6-02.3(26)D3 Local Zone
Reinforcement
for Confinement ..................... 6-88 6-02.3(26)D4
Supplementary Skin
Reinforcement ........................ 6-88 6-02.3(26)D5 Test Block
Concrete Strength 6-88 6-02.3(26)D6 Special Anchorage Device
Acceptance Testing ................ 6-88 6-02.3(26)D7 Cyclic
Loading Test ............... 6-88 6-02.3(26)D8 Sustained Loading
Test .......... 6-89 6-02.3(26)D9 Monotonic Loading Test ........
6-89 6-02.3(26)D10 Special Anchorage Device Test
Performance Requirements .... 6-89 6-02.3(26)D11 Test Series
Requirements ....... 6-89 6-02.3(26)D12 Special Anchorage
Device
Acceptance Testing Results Report ........................
6-89
6-02.3(26)E Ducts
...............................................................
6-90 6-02.3(26)E1 Ducts for Internal
Embedded Installation ........... 6-90 6-02.3(26)E2 Ducts for
External
Exposed Installation ............... 6-91 6-02.3(26)E3 Transitions
.............................. 6-92 6-02.3(26)E4 Vents, Grout
Injection Ports,
Drains, and Caps .................... 6-92 6-02.3(26)E5 Leak
Tightness Testing .......... 6-92
6-02.3(26)F Prestressing Reinforcement ............................
6-93 6-02.3(26)G Tensioning
....................................................... 6-93
6-02.3(26)H Grouting
..........................................................
6-95
6-02.3(27) Concrete for Precast Units
.................................................... 6-96
6-02.3(27)A Use of Self-Consolidating Concrete for
Precast Units ...................................................
6-96 6-02.3(27)B Submittals for Self-Consolidating Concrete
for Precast Units ..............................................
6-97 6-02.3(27)C Acceptance Testing of Self-Consolidating
Concrete for Precast Units ..............................
6-98
2012 Standard Specifications M 41-10 Page 23
Contents
6-02.4 Measurement
...........................................................................................
6-101 6-02.5 Payment
...................................................................................................
6-102
6-03 Steel Structures
.....................................................................................................
6-104 6-03.1 Description
..............................................................................................
6-104 6-03.2 Materials
.................................................................................................
6-104 6-03.3 Construction Requirements
.....................................................................
6-104
6-03.3(1) Vacant
..................................................................................
6-104 6-03.3(2) Facilities for Inspection
....................................................... 6-104
6-03.3(3) Inspector’s
Authority...........................................................
6-104 6-03.3(4) Rejections
............................................................................
6-105 6-03.3(5) Mill Orders and Shipping Statements
................................. 6-105 6-03.3(6) Weighing
.............................................................................
6-105 6-03.3(7) Shop Plans
...........................................................................
6-105
6-03.3(7)A Erection Methods
.......................................... 6-106 6-03.3(8)
Substitutions
........................................................................
6-106 6-03.3(9) Handling, Storing, and Shipping of Materials
.................... 6-106 6-03.3(10) Straightening Bent Material
................................................ 6-107 6-03.3(11)
Workmanship and Finish
.................................................... 6-107
6-03.3(12) Falsework
............................................................................
6-107 6-03.3(13) Fabricating Tension Members
............................................. 6-107 6-03.3(14) Edge
Finishing
....................................................................
6-107 6-03.3(15) Planing of Bearing Surfaces
................................................ 6-108 6-03.3(16)
Abutting Joints
....................................................................
6-108 6-03.3(17) End Connection Angles
....................................................... 6-108
6-03.3(18) Built Members
....................................................................
6-108 6-03.3(19) Hand Holes
..........................................................................
6-108 6-03.3(20) Lacing Bars
.........................................................................
6-108 6-03.3(21) Plate Girders
........................................................................
6-109
6-03.3(21)A Web Plates
..................................................... 6-109
6-03.3(21)B Vacant
............................................................ 6-109
6-03.3(21)C Web Splices and Fillers
................................. 6-109
6-03.3(22) Eyebars
................................................................................
6-109 6-03.3(23) Annealing
............................................................................
6-109 6-03.3(24) Pins and Rollers
..................................................................
6-109
6-03.3(24)A Boring Pin Holes
........................................... 6-109 6-03.3(24)B Pin
Clearances ............