2012 is a 2009 American Science Fiction Disaster Film Directed by Roland Emmerich

8/7/2019 2012 is a 2009 American Science Fiction Disaster Film Directed by Roland Emmerich

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2012 is a 2009 American science fiction disaster film directed by Roland Emmerich . It stars JohnCusack , Chiwetel Ejiofor , Amanda Peet , Oliver Platt , Thandie Newton , Danny Glover andWoody Harrelson . It was produced by Emmerich 's production company, CentropolisEntertainment and distributed by Columbia Pictures . Filming began in August 2008 inVancouver . Although it received generally mixed reviews, its worldwide theatrical revenue

reached about $770 million.

The film includes references to Mayanism , the Mesoamerican Long Count calendar and the 2012 phenomenon in its portrayal of cataclysmic events unfolding in 2012.

Emmerich has announced that 2012 will be his last film involving disasters. [3]

Contents

[hide ]

1 Ploto 1.1 Alternate ending

2 Cast 3 Production 4 Soundtrack 5 Marketing 6 Release 7 Reception

o 7.1 Box officeo 7.2 Critical responseo 7.3 North Korean ban

8 Television spin-off 9 References

10 External links

[edit ] Plot

In 2009, Adrian Helmsley ( Chiwetel Ejiofor ), an American geologist, visits astrophysicist Dr.Satnam Tsurutani ( Jimi Mistry ) in India and learns that neutrinos from a massive solar flare arecausing the temperature of the Earth's core to increase. Adrian informs White House Chief of

Staff Carl Anheuser ( Oliver Platt ) and United States President Thomas Wilson ( Danny Glover )that this will trigger a catastrophic chain of natural disasters.

In 2010, Wilson, along with other international leaders, begins a secret project intended to ensurehumanity's survival. Approximately 400,000 people are chosen to board ships called " arks" thatare constructed at Cho Ming, Tibet , in the Himalayas . Additional funding for the project is raised

by selling tickets to the private sector for 1 billion per person.
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Chief_of_Staffhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Platthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny_Gloverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himalayashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_fiction


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By 2011, humanity's valuable treasures are moved to the Himalayas under the guise of protectingthem from terrorist attacks with the help of art expert/ First Daughter Dr. Laura Wilson ( Thandie

Newton ) when she meets with the Louvre director Roland Picard ( Patrick Bauchau ).

In 2012, Jackson Curtis ( John Cusack ) is a science fiction writer in Los Angeles who works part-

time as a limousine driver for billionaire Yuri Karpov ( Zlatko Buri ). Jackson's ex-wife Kate(Amanda Peet ) and their children Noah ( Liam James ) and Lilly ( Morgan Lily ) live with Kate's boyfriend, plastic surgeon and amateur pilot Gordon Silberman ( Thomas McCarthy ).

Jackson takes Noah and Lilly camping in Yellowstone National Park . After their encounter withDr. Helmsley, Jackson and the kids meet Charlie Frost ( Woody Harrelson ) who hosts a radioshow from the park. That night, Charlie plays a video of Charles Hapgood 's theory that polar shifts and the Mesoamerican Long Count Calendar predict that the 2012 phenomenon is going tooccur. He has a map of the ark project in addition to information about government officials andscientists from around the world who were murdered after planning to alert the public about the

project and the upcoming apocalypse.

The family returns home as seismic activity increases along the west coast of the United States .Jackson grows suspicious and rents a plane to rescue his family. He collects his family andGordon as the Earth crust displacement begins, and they escape Los Angeles using first using alimousine and then a Cessna 340 as the city slides into the Pacific Ocean in a mega earthquakethat ruptures the San Andreas Fault .

As millions die in catastrophic earthquakes worldwide, the group flies to Yellowstone to retrieveCharlie's map, escaping as the Yellowstone Caldera erupts. Staying behind to broadcast theeruption, Charlie is killed in the blast. Learning the arks are in China , the group lands in LasVegas . They meet Yuri, his twin sons Alec and Oleg (Alexandre Haussmann and Philippe

Haussmann), girlfriend Tamara ( Beatrice Rosen ) and pilot Sasha ( Johann Urb ). The groupsecures an Antonov 500 aircraft and departs for China. Also heading for the arks aboard Air Force One are Anheuser, Helmsley and Laura Wilson. President Wilson chooses to remain inWashington, D.C. to address the nation one last time. With the Vice President dead and theSpeaker of the House missing, Anheuser assumes de facto leadership. President Wilson is later killed by a megatsunami that sends the aircraft carrier USS John F. Kennedy crashing into theWhite House .

Arriving in People's Republic of China in a crash landing that kills Sasha, the group is spotted bythe People's Liberation Army . Yuri and his sons, possessing tickets, are taken to the arks.Meanwhile in Eastern India, Satnam phones Helmsley to warn him about a megatsunami thatwould arrive at the location of the arks earlier than expected. Satnam is then killed along with hisfamily and other Indians scaling the Nampan Plateau when the airlift for his family never showed up. Then the Curtis family, Gordon and Tamara are picked up by Nima ( Osric Chau ), aBuddhist monk on his way to the arks with his grandparents ( Lisa Lu and Chang Tseng). Theystow away with the help of Nima's brother Tenzin ( Chin Han ), who has been working on the ark

project's construction crew. As a megatsunami approaches the site, an impact driver becomeslodged between the gears of the ark's hydraulics chamber, preventing a boarding gate fromclosing and rendering the ship unable to start its engines. In the ensuing chaos, Yuri, Gordon and
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Tamara are killed, Tenzin is wounded, and the flooding ark is set adrift. Jackson and Noahdislodge the impact driver and the crew regains control of the ark, preventing a collision withMount Everest .

After flood waters from the tsunamis recede, the arks set sail for the Cape of Good Hope in

South Africa where the Drakensberg Mountains have risen in relation to sea level and becomethe tallest mountains in the world. Jackson is reconciled with his family and Helmsley starts arelationship with Laura. The film ends with the camera panning out to show Africa on the Earth'snew landscape.

[edit ] Alternate ending

The alternate ending is featured on the DVD. After Captain Michaels has told Dr. Helmsley thatthey have set sail for the Cape of Good Hope, he tells Dr. Helmsley that someone on the phonewants to speak to him. Dr. Helmsley discovers that his dad Harry is on the phone with him.Harry tells his son that he, Tony (whose arm is in a sling), and a crew member survived the

megatsunami that hit the Genesis. Captain Michaels states that they should have the visual of theGenesis shortly. Jackson gives Noah his phone that he recovered. As Kate thanks Laura for taking care of Lily, Jackson is told by Laura that she liked his book as Lily notices an island. TheArks then arrive at the island where the Genesis is shipwrecked on.

[edit ] Cast John Cusack as Jackson Curtis, a struggling science fiction novelist who occasionally

works as a limousine driver. [4] Chiwetel Ejiofor as Dr. Adrian Helmsley, geologist and scientific advisor to the President

of the USA, who is a big fan of Curtis' work .[5] Amanda Peet as Kate Curtis, a medical student and Jackson's ex-wife. [6] Liam James as Noah Curtis, Jackson and Kate's son. Morgan Lily as Lilly Curtis, Jackson and Kate's daughter. Thomas McCarthy as Dr. Gordon Silberman, Kate's current boyfriend, a plastic surgeon.

[7]

Danny Glover as Thomas Wilson, the President of the United States .[8] Thandie Newton as Dr. Laura Wilson, art expert who helps gather the world's art

treasures and President Wilson's daughter. [8] Oliver Platt as Carl Anheuser, the President's Chief of Staff .[8] Zlatko Buri as Yuri Karpov, a Russian billionaire. Beatrice Rosen as Tamara, Yuri's Russian girlfriend. Alexandre Haussmann as Alec Karpov, one of Yuri's sons. Philippe Haussmann as Oleg Karpov, Alec's twin brother. Woody Harrelson as Charlie Frost, a scientist disguised as a Yellowstone hermit who

explains the Mayan 2012 legends to Jackson Curtis. Chin Han as Tenzin, a worker in Tibet . Osric Chau as Nima, a Buddhist monk and Tenzin's brother. Lisa Lu as Grandma Sonam, Nima and Tenzin's grandmother. Chang Tseng as Grandpa Sonam, Nima and Tenzin's grandfather.
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John Billingsley as Professor Frederic West, an American scientist. Ryan McDonald as Scotty, Dr. Helmsley's assistant. Johann Urb as Sasha, a Russian pilot and Tamara's lover. Blu Mankuma as Harry Helmsley, Adrian's father and Tony's musical (jazz) partner. George Segal as Tony Delgatto, an elderly traveling musician and Harry's musical (jazz)

partner. Patrick Bauchau as Roland Picard, the curator of the Louvre who is killed by thegovernment when he gets too near the truth.

Jimi Mistry as Dr. Satnam Tsurutani, an Indian scientist who helps discover the eventsleading to the catastrophe.

Karin Konoval as Sally, President Wilson's secretary. Stephen McHattie as Captain Michaels, the captain of the ark that Jackson and his family

stowaway on. Henry O as Lama Rinpoche Gerard Plunkett as Isaacs

Zinaid Memisevic cameos as Sergey Makarenko the President of Russia. Merrilyn Gann cameosas a German Chancellor. Parm Soor cameos as the Prince of Saudi Arabia. Leonard Teniscicameos as the Italian Prime Minister. Lyndall Grant cameos as the Governor of California.Dominic Zamprogna cameos as a medic. Jorgito Vargas, Jr. cameos as a chef. Doron Bell Jr.cameos as an AF1 Science Officer. David Orth cameos as a AF1 Lieutenant. Ty Olsson cameosas an AF1 Officer. Dean Redman cameos as a Vegas Fireman. Mark Oliver cameos as aFundraiser Security.

[edit ] Production

The credits cite the bestselling non-fiction book Fingerprints of the Gods by author GrahamHancock as inspiration for the film, [9] and in an interview with the London magazine Time Out Emmerich states: "I always wanted to do a biblical flood movie, but I never felt I had the hook. Ifirst read about the Earth's Crust Displacement Theory in Graham Hancock 's Fingerprints of theGods ."[10]

Director Emmerich and composer-producer Harald Kloser had an extremely close relationshipand also co-wrote a spec script titled 2012 , which was marketed to major studios in February2008. Nearly all studios met with Emmerich and his representatives to hear the director's budget

projection and story plans, a process that the director had previously gone through with the films Independence Day (1996) and The Day After Tomorrow (2004) .[11] Later that month, SonyPictures Entertainment won the rights for the spec script, planning to distribute it under

Columbia Pictures [12] and to make it for less than the estimated budget. [8] According toEmmerich, the film was eventually produced for about $200 million. [1]

Filming was originally scheduled to begin in Los Angeles , California , in July 2008 [13] but insteadcommenced in Kamloops, Savona, Cache Creek and Ashcroft in British Columbia, Canada .[14]

Due to the possible 2008 Screen Actors Guild strike , filmmakers set up a contingency plan for salvaging the film. [15] Uncharted Territory , Digital Domain , Double Negative , Scanline , Sony
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Pictures Imageworks and others were hired to create computer animated visual effects for 2012 .[16] Thomas Wander co-wrote the score with Harald Kloser.

Although the film depicts the destruction of several major cultural and historical icons around theworld, Emmerich stated that the Kaaba was also considered for selection. Kloser opposed the

idea out of fear that a fatw might be issued against him.[17][18]

[edit ] Soundtrack

2012: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack

Film score by Harald Kloser and Thomas WanderReleased November 10, 2009Length 57:48Label RCA Victor

The original score for the film was composed by Harald Kloser and Thomas Wander . Singer Adam Lambert contributed a song for the film titled " Time for Miracles " and expressed hisgratitude for the opportunity in an interview with MTV .[19]

The film's soundtrack consists of 24 tracks, and it includes the songs "Fades Like a Photograph" by Filter and "It Ain't the End of the World", performed by George Segal and Blu Mankuma ,which were featured in the actual film .[20] The trailer music was Master of Shadows by Two Steps From Hell .

No. Title Length1. "Time for Miracles " (Performed by Adam Lambert ) 4:432. "Constellation" 1:303. "Wisconsin" 1:144. "U.S. Army" 2:205. "Ready to Rumble" 1:426. "Spirit of Santa Monica" 1:217. "It Ain't the End of the World" (Performed by George Segal and Blu Mankuma ) 2:52
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8. "Great Kid" 2:179. "Finding Charlie" 1:45

10. "Run Daddy Run" 1:1411. "Stepping Into the Darkness" 1:3512. "Leaving Las Vegas" 1:44

13. "Ashes in D.C." 4:1914. "We are Taking the Bentley" 3:4315. "Nampan Plateau" 2:5116. "Saving Caesar" 2:0917. "Adrian's Speech" 1:4118. "Open the Gates!" 2:1619. "The Impact" 1:4920. "Suicide Mission" 2:0621. "2012 The End of the World" 1:2422. "Collision with Mount Everest" 1:0923. "The End is Only the Beginning" 5:44

24. "Fades Like a Photograph" (Performed by Filter ) 4:19Total length: 57:48

[edit ] Marketing

The film was promoted in a marketing campaign by a fictional organization, the "Institute for Human Continuity"; this entailed a fictitious book written by Jackson Curtis titled Farewell

Atlantis , and streaming media , blog updates and radio broadcasts from the apocalyptic zealot Charlie Frost at his website This Is The End . This campaign was subjected to numerouscriticisms [by whom? ] and was regarded as a form of viral marketing .

On November 12, 2008, the new studio released the first teaser trailer for 2012 that showed atsunami surging over the Himalayas and interlaced a purportedly scientific message suggestingthat the world would end in 2012, and that the world's governments were not preparing its

population for the event. The trailer ended with a message to viewers to "find out the truth" bysearching "2012" on search engines. The Guardian criticized the marketing effectiveness as"deeply flawed" and associated it with "websites that make even more spurious claims about2012". [21]

The studio also launched a viral marketing website operated by the fictional Institute for HumanContinuity, where filmgoers could register for a lottery number to be part of a small populationthat would be rescued from the global destruction. [22] David Morrison of NASA received over

1000 inquiries from people who thought the website was genuine, and condemned it. "I've evenhad cases of teenagers writing to me saying they are contemplating suicide because they don'twant to see the world end," he said. "I think when you lie on the internet and scare children tomake a buck, that is ethically wrong." [23] Another viral marketing website promotes Farewell

Atlantis , a fictional suspense novel by the film's lead protagonist, about the events of 2012 .[24]

Comcast had also organized a "roadblock campaign" to promote the film, where a two-minutescene from the film was broadcast across 450 American commercial television networks, local
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English and Spanish language stations, and 89 cable outlets within a ten-minute window between10:50 PM EDT /PDT and 11:00 PM EDT/PDT on October 1, 2009. [25] The scene featured thedestruction of Los Angeles and ended with a cliffhanger, with the entire 5-minute-38-second clipmade available on Comcast's Fancast web site. The trade newspaper Variety estimated that, "Thestunt will put the footage in front of 90% of all households watching ad-supported TV, or nearly

110 million viewers. When combined with online and mobile streams, that could increase tomore than 140 million". [25]

[edit ] Release

2012 was originally scheduled to be released on July 10, 2009. The release date was changed to November 2009 to move out of the busy summer schedule into a time frame that the studioconsidered to have more potential for financial success. According to the studio, the film couldhave been completed for the summer release date, but the date change would give more time tothe production. [26] The film was released on November 11, 2009 .[27][28] It was released on Friday

November 13, 2009 in Sweden , Canada , Denmark , Mexico and the United States , and wasreleased on November 21, 2009 in Japan .[29] It was given a wide release in India on

November 13, 2009. In the United Kingdom where it was released on Friday November 13,2009, two cinemas had a screening time of 8:12pm (20:12 on a 24 hour clock) to coincide withthe film's title. [30] Twenty theaters in the United Arab Emirates also screened the movie at8:12pm. [31]

The DVD and Blu-ray for 2012 were released on March 2, 2010 .[32] The 2-Disc Blu-ray Editionincludes over 90 minutes of special features, including Adam Lambert 's music video " Time for Miracles ", and a Digital Copy for PSP, PC, Mac & iPod .[33] The European release date of 2012on DVD was March 26, 2010; it includes the same special features as the North American version. [34]

[edit ] Reception

[edit ] Box office

2012 opened at number one with an estimated $65 million on its first weekend and with$225 million at the worldwide box office in its opening weekend. The film has grossed$166 million in the United States and Canada markets and $602.3 million in internationalmarkets, for a worldwide total of $767,918,347, [2] making it the 5thhighest grossing film of 2009 [35] and the 35th- highest grossing film of all time worldwide .[36] It surpasses Emmerich's

previous disaster film The Day After Tomorrow , which grossed $544.4 million worldwide.[37]

The film topped the international box office in its first weekend with $225 million. [38] Itultimately grossed over $769 million worldwide, becoming Emmerich 's second highest grossingfilm, behind Independence Day . The film is Emmerich's first feature film to be shot using high-definition video cameras , specifically the Panavision Genesis .

[edit ] Critical response
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The film received generally mixed reviews from film critics. Review aggregator RottenTomatoes reports that 39% of 2012 critics have given the film a positive review, with a ratingaverage of 6.1 out of 10. [39] Among the site's notable critics, 49% gave the film a positive write-up, based on a sample of 34. The site's consensus is that "Roland Emmerich's 2012 provides

plenty of visual thrills, but lacks a strong enough script to support its massive scope and inflated

length."[40]

Metacritic , which assigns a weighted average score out of 1100 reviews from filmcritics has a rating score of 49 based on 34 reviews .[41]

Peter Travers of Rolling Stone criticized the film by comparing it to Transformers 2: Revenge of the Fallen : "Beware 2012 , which works the dubious miracle of almost matching Transformers 2for sheer, cynical, mind-numbing, time-wasting, money-draining, soul-sucking stupidity." [42]

Roger Ebert was enthusiastic about the film, giving it 3 stars out of 4, saying it "delivers whatit promises, and since no sentient being will buy a ticket expecting anything else, it will be, for its audiences, one of the most satisfactory films of the year". [43] Both Ebert and Claudia Puig of USA Today called the film the "mother of all disaster movies". [43][44]

[edit ] North Korean ban North Korea has reportedly banned possession or viewing of the film. The year 2012 is the100th anniversary of the birth of the nation's founder, Kim Il Sung , and has been designated bythe North Korean government as "the year for opening the grand gates to becoming a risingsuperpower". Thus, a movie which depicts the year in a negative light is found to be offensive bythe North Korean government. Several people in North Korea have reportedly been arrested for

possessing or viewing pirated copies of the movie and charged with "grave provocation againstthe development of the state." [45]

[edit ] Television spin-off

Speaking to Entertainment Weekly , Emmerich confirmed that a television series based upon thefilm was in the works after the film was complete. The series was tentatively titled 2013 , andwould have served as a follow-up to the film .[46]

Emmerich stated in the interview, "The plan is that it is 2013 and it's about what happens after the disaster. It is about the resettling of Earth. That is very, very fascinating. Harald Kloser and Icame up with the idea and we have the luxury of having a producer on the film who is a big TV

producer, Mark Gordon. We said to Mark, 'Why don't you do a TV show that picks up where themovie leaves off and call it 2013?' I think it will focus on a group of people who survived but noton the boats ... maybe they were on a piece of land that was spared or one that became an islandin the process of the crust moving. There are so many possibilities of what they could do and I'd

be excited to watch it."

On March 2, 2010, it was announced that ABC decided to pass on the television spin-off of thefilm. [47]

Independence Day (also known by its promotional abbreviation ID4 ) is a 1996 science fictionfilm about a hostile alien invasion of Earth, focusing on a disparate group of individuals and
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families as they converge in the Nevada desert and, along with the rest of the human population , participate in a last-chance retaliation on July 4 the same date as the Independence Day holiday in the United States. It was directed by Roland Emmerich , who co-wrote the script with producer Dean Devlin .

While promoting Stargate in Europe, Emmerich came up with the idea for the film when fieldinga question about his own belief in the existence of alien life. He and Devlin decided toincorporate a large-scale attack when noticing that aliens in most invasion films travel longdistances in outer space only to remain hidden when reaching Earth. Principal photography for the film began in July 1995 in New York City, and the film was officially completed on June 20,1996.

The film was scheduled for release on July 3, 1996, but due to the high level of anticipation for the movie, many theaters began showing it on the evening of July 2, 1996, the same day the film

begins. The film's combined domestic and international box office gross is $816,969,268, whichat one point was the second-highest worldwide gross of all-time. It holds the 27th highest

worldwide gross of a movie all-time, and was at the forefront of the large-scale disaster film andscience fiction resurgences of the mid-to-late-1990s. It also won the Academy Award for VisualEffects .

Contents

[hide ]

1 Plot 2 Cast 3 Production 4 Distribution 5 In other media

o 5.1 Bookso 5.2 Radioo 5.3 Computer games

6 Receptiono 6.1 Commercialo 6.2 Critical

7 Sequel(s) 8 Notes 9 References

10 External links

[edit ] Plot

On July 2, an enormous alien mothership enters orbit around Earth and deploys 36 saucer-shapeddestroyers, each of which is at least 15 miles wide, over major cities around the globe. In New
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He pilots his aircraft into the center of the alien weapon in a suicide attack , causing a chainreaction which destroys the alien ship.

Simultaneously, other forces around the world are able to destroy the remaining destroyers.David and Hiller escape the mothership just as it is destroyed by the nuclear bomb, and the duo

crash land near Area 51. The world celebrates, and the main characters watch debris from themothership enter the atmosphere.

[edit ] Cast Will Smith as Captain Steven Hiller, an assured United States Marine Corps F/A-18 pilot.

Devlin and Emmerich had always envisioned an African-American for the role, [5] andspecifically wanted Smith after seeing his performance in Six Degrees of Separation .[6]

Jeff Goldblum as David Levinson: An MIT-educated computer expert, chess enthusiastand environmentalist , working as a satellite technician in New York City.

Bill Pullman as President Thomas J. Whitmore: A former Persian Gulf War fighter pilotand current President of the United States.

Margaret Colin as Constance Spano: The White House Communications Director andDavid's ex-wife.

Robert Loggia as General William Grey: A United States Marine Corps general who isthe Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , and one of President Whitmore's most trustedadvisors.

Randy Quaid as Russell Casse: A widowed, alcoholic crop duster and veteran VietnamWar pilot who claims to have been an alien abductee ten years prior to the events of thefilm.

James Duval as Miguel Casse, Russell's eldest son. Judd Hirsch as Julius Levinson: David Levinson's father. The character was based on one

of Devlin's uncles. [7] Mary McDonnell as Marilyn Whitmore: President Whitmore's wife - the First Lady. Vivica A. Fox as Jasmine Dubrow: A single mother, Hiller's girlfriend and exotic dancer . James Rebhorn as Albert Nimzicki: The Secretary of Defense and former director of the

CIA. Harvey Fierstein as Marty Gilbert: David's boss. Adam Baldwin as Major Mitchell: A United States Air Force officer and the

commanding officer at Area 51. Brent Spiner as Dr. Brackish Okun: The unkempt and highly excitable scientist in charge

of research at Area 51. Harry Connick, Jr. as Captain Jimmy Wilder: Steve's best friend and fellow pilot. Kiersten Warren as Tiffany: Jasmine's exotic dancer friend. Mae Whitman as Patricia, the President's daughter. She is called 'Munchkin' by her

parents.

[edit ] Production
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F/A-18 Hornets of VMFA-314 , "Black Knights"

The idea for the film came when Emmerich and Devlin were in Europe promoting their filmStargate . A reporter asked Emmerich why he made a movie with content like Stargate if he didnot believe in aliens. Emmerich stated he was still fascinated by the idea of an alien arrival, andfurther explained his response by asking the reporter to imagine what it would be like to wake upone morning and discover 15-mile-wide spaceships were hovering over the largest cities in theworld. Emmerich then turned to Devlin and said "I think I have an idea for our next film." [7][8][9]

Emmerich and Devlin decided to expand on the idea by incorporating a large-scale attack, withDevlin saying he was bothered by the fact that "for the most part, in alien invasion movies, theycome down to Earth and they're hidden in some back field ...[o]r they arrive in little spores andinject themselves into the back of someone's head." [10] Emmerich agreed by asking Devlin if arriving from across the galaxy, "would you hide on a farm or would you make a bigentrance?" [10] The two wrote the script during a month-long vacation in Mexico, [8] and just oneday after they sent it out for consideration, 20th Century Fox chairman Peter Chernin greenlit thescreenplay. [11] Pre-production began just three days later in February 1995. [7][8] The United Statesmilitary originally intended to provide personnel, vehicles, and costumes for the film; however,they backed out when the producers refused to remove the Area 51 references from the script .[7]

A then-record 3,000-plus special effects shots would ultimately be required for the film .[9] Theshoot utilized on-set, in-camera special effects more often than computer-generated effects in aneffort to save money and get more authentic pyrotechnic results .[7] Many of these shots wereaccomplished at Hughes Aircraft in Culver City, California , where the film's art department,motion control photography teams, pyrotechnics team, and model shop were headquartered. The

production's model-making department built more than twice as many miniatures for the production than had ever been built for any film before by creating miniatures for buildings, citystreets, aircraft, landmarks, and monuments .[12] The crew also built miniatures for several of thespaceships featured in the movie, including a 30-foot (9.1 m) destroyer model [13] and a version of the mother ship spanning 12 feet (3.7 m). [14] City streets were recreated, then tilted upright

beneath a high-speed camera mounted on a scaffolding filming downwards. An explosion would be ignited below the model, and flames would rise towards the camera, engulfing the tiltedmodel and creating the rolling "wall of destruction" look seen in the film. [15] A model of theWhite House was also created, covering 10 feet (3.0 m) by 5 feet (1.5 m), and was used inforced-perspective shots before being destroyed in a similar fashion for its own destructionscene. [16] The detonation took a week to plan [11] and required 40 explosive charges. [16]
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A World War II training aircraft with a camera mounted on its front navigated through the wallsof the Little Colorado River canyon , and the footage was used as pilot point-of-view shots. [17]

The aliens in the film were designed by production designer Patrick Tatopoulos . The actualaliens of the film are diminutive and based on a design Tatopoulos drew when tasked byEmmerich to create an alien that was "both familiar and completely original". [18] These creatureswear "bio-mechanical" suits that are based on another design Tatopoulos pitched to Emmerich.These suits were 8 feet (2.4 m) tall, equipped with 25 tentacles, and purposely designed to showit could not sustain a person inside so it would not appear to be a "man in a suit". [19]

Principal photography began in July 1995 in New York City. A second unit gathered plate shotsand establishing shots of Manhattan, Washington D.C., an RV community in Flagstaff, Arizona ,and the Very Large Array on the Plains of San Agustin , New Mexico .[19] The main crew alsofilmed in nearby Cliffside Park , New Jersey before moving to the former Kaiser Steel mill inFontana, California to film the post-attack Los Angeles sequences. [20] The production then movedto Wendover, Utah and West Wendover, Nevada ,[21] where the deserts doubled for ImperialValley and the Wendover Airport doubled for the El Toro and Area 51 exteriors. [22] It was herewhere Pullman filmed his pre-battle speech. Immediately before filming the scene, Devlin andPullman decided to add "Today, we celebrate our Independence Day!" to the end of the speech.At the time, the production was nicknamed "ID4" because Warner Bros. owned the rights to thetitle Independence Day , and Devlin had hoped if Fox executives noticed the addition in dailies ,the impact of the new dialogue would help them win the rights to the title .[7] The right to use thetitle was eventually won two weeks later. [11]

The production team moved to the Bonneville Salt Flats to film three scenes, then returned toCalifornia to film in various places around Los Angeles, including Hughes Aircraft where setsfor the cable company and Area 51 interiors were constructed at a former aircraft plant. Sets for the latter included corridors containing windows that were covered with blue material. Thefilmmakers originally intended to use the chroma key technique to make it appear as if activitywas happening on the other side of the glass; but the composited images were not added to thefinal print because production designers decided the blue panels gave the sets a "clinical look". [23]

The attacker hangar set contained an attacker mock-up 65 feet (20 m) wide [12] that took four months to build. [11] The White House interior sets used had already been built for The American

President and had previously been used for Nixon .[16] Principal photography completed on November 3, 1995. [11]

The movie originally depicted Russell Casse being rejected as a volunteer for the July 4 aerialcounteroffensive because of his alcoholism. He then uses a stolen missile tied to his red biplaneto carry out his suicide mission. According to Dean Devlin, test audiences responded well to thescene's irony and comedic value. [7] However, the scene was re-shot to include Russell'sacceptance as a volunteer, his crash course in modern fighter aircraft, and him flying an F-18instead of the biplane. Devlin preferred the alteration because the viewer now witnesses Russell
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Colorado_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Tatopouloshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Tatopouloshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-Aberly_and_Engel_p._91-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_photographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Establishing_shothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Establishing_shothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flagstaff,_Arizonahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very_Large_Arrayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_of_San_Agustinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_of_San_Agustinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-Aberly_and_Engel_p._91-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliffside_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliffside_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jerseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaiser_Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fontana,_Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fontana,_Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendover,_Utahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Wendover,_Nevadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Wendover,_Nevadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Valleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Valleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendover_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendover_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Bros.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Bros.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dailieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-dvd-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-dvd-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-EW-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonneville_Salt_Flatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonneville_Salt_Flatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonneville_Salt_Flatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroma_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroma_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compositinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-Aberly_and_Engel_1996.2C_p._72-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-EW-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_American_Presidenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_American_Presidenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nixon_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-ID43-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-ID43-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-ID43-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-EW-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-dvd-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:USA_little_colorado_pano_AZ.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:USA_little_colorado_pano_AZ.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Colorado_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Tatopouloshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-Aberly_and_Engel_p._91-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_photographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Establishing_shothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flagstaff,_Arizonahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very_Large_Arrayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_of_San_Agustinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-Aberly_and_Engel_p._91-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliffside_Parkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Jerseyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaiser_Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fontana,_Californiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendover,_Utahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Wendover,_Nevadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Valleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_Valleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wendover_Airporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Bros.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dailieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-dvd-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-EW-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonneville_Salt_Flatshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroma_keyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compositinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-Aberly_and_Engel_1996.2C_p._72-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-EW-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_American_Presidenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_American_Presidenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nixon_(film)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-ID43-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-EW-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Day_(film)#cite_note-dvd-6


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ultimately making the decision to sacrifice his life, [7] and seeing the biplane keeping pace andflying amongst F-18s was "just not believable". [24] The film was officially completed on June 20,1996. [11]

[edit ] Distribution

While the film was still in post-production, 20th Century Fox began a massive marketingcampaign to help promote the film, beginning with the airing of a dramatic commercial duringSuper Bowl XXX , for which Fox paid $1.3 million. [25] The subsequent success of the film at the

box office resulted in the trend of using Super Bowl air time to kick off the advertising campaignfor potential blockbusters. [26][27]

Fox's Licensing and Merchandising division also entered into co-promotional deals with AppleInc. The co-marketing project was dubbed "The Power to Save the World" campaign, in whichthe company used footage of David using his PowerBook laptop in their print and televisionadvertisements. [28] Trendmasters entered a merchandising deal with the film's producers to createa line of tie-in toys. [29] In exchange for product placement , Fox also entered into co-promotionaldeals with Molson Coors Brewing Company and Coca-Cola .[30]

The movie was marketed with several taglines, including: "We've always believed we weren'talone. On July 4, we'll wish we were", "Earth. Take a good look. It could be your last", and"Don't make plans for August". The weekend before the film's release, the Fox Network aired ahalf-hour special on the movie, the first third of which was a spoof news report on the events thathappen in the film. Roger Ebert attributed most of the film's early success to its teaser trailers and marketing campaigns, acknowledging them as "truly brilliant". [31]

The shot of the White House's destruction was the focus of the film's marketing campaign. Afleeing helicopter was added to the shot in the final print.

The film had its official premiere held at the now-defunct Mann Plaza Theater in Los Angeles onJune 25, 1996. [32] It was then screened privately at the White House for President Bill Clinton and his family [33] before receiving a nationwide release in the United States on July 2, 1996, a

day earlier than its previously scheduled opening.[34]

After a six-week, $30 million marketing campaign, Independence Day was released on VHS on November 22, 1996. [35] It became available on DVD on June 27, 2000, and has been re-releasedon DVD under several different versions with varying supplemental material ever since,including one instance where it was packaged with a lenticular cover .[36] Often accessible onthese versions is a special edition of the film, which features eight minutes of additional footagenot seen in the original theatrical release. [37] Independence Day became available on Blu-ray
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