2010 US-Japan Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced Technologies at UCSD CA, US,...
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2010 US-Japan Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced Technologies at UCSD CA, US, Feb.23-24, 2010 1 Commissioning scenario including divertor condition for Demo-CREST Thanks to collaboration with A.Hatayama, M.Ishida, K.Maeki(Keio University) Y.Ogawa, M.Nakamura(Univ. of Tokyo) Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry(CRIEPI) Ryoji HIWATARI, Kunihiko OKANO
2010 US-Japan Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced Technologies at UCSD CA, US, Feb.23-24, 2010 1 Commissioning scenario including divertor
2010 US-Japan Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related
Advanced Technologies at UCSD CA, US, Feb.23-24, 2010 1
Commissioning scenario including divertor condition for Demo-CREST
Thanks to collaboration with A.Hatayama, M.Ishida, K.Maeki(Keio
University) Y.Ogawa, M.Nakamura(Univ. of Tokyo) Central Research
Institute of Electric Power Industry(CRIEPI) Ryoji HIWATARI,
Kunihiko OKANO
Slide 2
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 2 Contents Introduction
: Importance of commissioning test in the fusion reactor
Introduction : Importance of commissioning test in the fusion
reactor Overview of Demo-CREST Operational space expansion by
tritium ratio control Compatibility with the divertor heat load
condition as for the new commissioning method Summary and future
issues
Slide 3
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 Plant start-up and
Commissioning Test Plant start-up step Focus on the first DT
discharge period 3 Time (month) Fusion power (MW) Construction
Non-nuclear test H, D discharge First DT discharge (Commissioning
test period) Rating operation
Slide 4
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 Commissioning test for
FBR According to DEMO and PROTO in fission reactors like
Superphenix, commissioning test took about 9 month-operation period
to carry out the final check on the heat removal system, the
generation and the turbine system, safety system and so on. 4 Fig.
Power buildup during Superphenix(FBR) commissioning test (J.
Gourdon, et al., Nuclear Science and Engineering
106(1990)1-10)
Slide 5
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 5 Importance of
Commissioning Operation Commissioning operation is essential to
carry out the final verification for all components performance.
For example, divertor plasma and blanket system can NOT be
demonstrated in the plant scale during the ITER program. Divertor:
The total power handling in DEMO becomes huge in comparison with
ITER, and some sophisticated operation method has to be developed
during the ITER project. Final demonstration of divertor plasma
operation for DEMO has to be carried out by DEMO itself. Blanket
system(including tritium self-sufficiency): How efficiently the
total system (tritium production, power generation) can be examined
is important under the limited amount of the initial tritium stock.
Gradual increase of fusion power means the wide range of the power
load condition of the first wall. Is such wide range operation for
power load be possible under the single blanket system ?
Slide 6
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 6 Contents Introduction
: Importance of commissioning test in the fusion reactor Overview
of Demo-CREST Overview of Demo-CREST Operational space expansion by
tritium ratio control Compatibility with the divertor heat load
condition as for the new commissioning method Summary and future
issues
Slide 7
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 7 Demonstration Plant :
Demo-CREST Principles for the Demo-CREST Design Demonstration Phase
: To demonstrate electric power generation as soon as possible in a
plant scale, with moderate plasma performance which will be
achieved in the early stage of the ITER operation, and with
foreseeable technologies and materials (OP1 OP4) Development Phase
: To show a possibility of an economical competitiveness with
advanced plasma performance and high performance blanket systems,
by means of replacing breeding blanket from the basic one to the
advanced one (OP4, OPRS) Figure:Birds-eye of Demo-CREST CS Coil TF
Coil PF Coil Blanket Maintenance Port Divertor Maintenance Port
Cryostat Shield OP1OP2OP3OP4OPRS R (m) / A 7.25 / 3.4 q min /q 95
-/5.0-/5.23.6 / 6.5 NN 1.92.53.03.4 4.0 HH 0.961.11.2 1.4 fn GW
0.560.730.801.02 1.31 P b (MW) 188190185191 106 P f (MW)
1260194024602840 2970 P enet (MWe) Basic Blanket (30%) 30230390490
- Advanced Blanket(40%) --- 8501090
Slide 8
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 8 Commissioning
Operation Points MHD and current drive have already been examined.
Start with the plasma performance similar to ITER standard
operation (OP1: N 1.9). Final operation point (OP4: N 3.4) is based
on the ITER advanced operation. Consistency with divertor plasma
has NOT been examined yet.
Slide 9
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 How about divertor
compatibility ? Required impurity radiation power for divertor heat
load less than 10MW/m 2 is evaluated by 2-point model Based on the
ITER operation condition for divertor plasma, Demo-CREST OP1 is
hardly operational. 9 Large gap
Slide 10
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 10 Contents
Introduction : Importance of commissioning test in the fusion
reactor Overview of Demo-CREST Operational space expansion by
tritium ratio control Operational space expansion by tritium ratio
control Compatibility with the divertor heat load condition as for
the new commissioning method Summary and future issues
Slide 11
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 Tritium ratio control
during commissioning Key point for compatibility with divertor
operation is low fusion (heating) power and high density operation.
Tritium ratio (T-ratio) control is a candidate to do that In the
simple definition, decrease of the tritium ratio enable to decrease
of fusion power with constant ion density. Is this operation
scenario possible ? 11
Slide 12
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 MHD & current drive
analysis Consistency among profiles of pressure, plasma current,
NBI deposition is analyzed by EQLAUS/ERATO and DRIVER88 from the
view point of MHD stability(low n kink, high n ballooning, Mercia
criterion), NBI current drive property 12 Plasma pressure profile
Plasma current profile NBI injection profile Consistency total beam
alpha thermal bootstrap current beam current total current (target
(ERATE) : bold) total current (result ( DRIVER88 ): thin) injection
region
Slide 13
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 Operational points
without T-ratio cont. Operation points for N =1.8-3.4, I p =15.6MA
and P NBI 200MW are shown. Rating operation point P f =3.0GW is
around =1.0x10 20 m -3 P f =1GW with fn T =0.5 is around = 0.4x10
20 m -3, this operation point(similar to OP1) has higher P f and
lower than ITER-SS(). 13 N =1.8 N =2.5 N =3.0 N =3.4
Slide 14
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 Operational space with
T-ratio control Expand the higher density operation region with T-
ratio control. 14
Slide 15
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 15 N =1.8 N =3.0 fn T
=0.5 fn T =0.1 fn T =0.5 fn T =0.1 Low N has flexibility for
T-ratio control Current profile
Slide 16
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 Operational points with
T-ratio cont. T-ratio control (fn T =0.04)can reduce P f =0.3GW
with higher =0.6x10 20 m -3 Operation point ( ) with P f 0GW and
higher =0.8x10 20 m -3 also exists under the reduction of Ip from
15.6MA to 12.4MA Operational space expands to higher density region
with T-ratio cont. 16
Slide 17
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 Plasma commissioning
senario Operational route with T-ratio control starting from P f
0GW and higher =0.8x10 20 m -3 is preferable to the previous route
without T-ratio control, from the view point of the divertor heat-
handling condition. 17
Slide 18
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 18 Contents
Introduction : Importance of commissioning test in the fusion
reactor Overview of Demo-CREST Operational space expansion by
tritium ratio control Compatibility with the divertor heat-handling
condition as for the new commissioning method Compatibility with
the divertor heat-handling condition as for the new commissioning
method Summary and future issues
Slide 19
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 Compatibility with
divertor plasma The divertor plasma condition(required radiation
power for divertor heat load less than 10MW/m 2 &SOL density)
of the new plasma commissioning scenario can start from similar
condition to the ITER condition 19
Slide 20
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 High confinement is
required To start from the DD plasma (fn T =0%), high confinement
similar to ITER-SS(HH=1.57) is required. In case of Demo-CREST, NBI
current drive power is also large( 200MW) 20 RIp fn GW PfP NBI HH
NN f bs Tratio ITER SS 6.359.012.30.670.82356591.572.950.4850%
Demo- CREST1 7.2512.414.30.770.89341961.571.850.360% Demo- CREST2
14.80.760.88101841.651.850.340% Demo- CREST3
14.80.750.8791731.711.850.340% Demo- CREST4
14.00.850.98102281.562.000.360%
Slide 21
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 21 Contents
Introduction : Importance of commissioning test in the fusion
reactor Overview of Demo-CREST Operational space expansion by
tritium ratio control Compatibility with the divertor heat load
condition as for the new commissioning method Summary and future
issues Summary and future issues
Slide 22
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 22 Summary T-ratio
control is proposed to make a new commissioning pass starting from
the high and low Pf similar to ITER-SS for divertor heat handling
in the Demo-CREST design. When Ip is reduced from 15.6MA to 12.4MA,
a operation point with higher and lower Pf than ITER-SS is also
found. It is found that T-ratio control has a good potential to
establish the divertor plasma commissioning scenario to keep high
and low Pf preferable for divertor heat handling in the commission
phase.
Slide 23
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 23 Future Issues
Sensitivity of operation parameter such as Ip, N on the operation
space has to be analyzed more carefully. The detailed divertor
analysis by SOLPS5.0 is now under way. Consistency between
transport property has to be confirmed by using 1-D transport
code.
Slide 24
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 Current profile 24 N
=1.8 Temperature Density Pressure Current N =2.5 N =3.0
Slide 25
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 25 Required Radiation
Power for Divertor The radiation power required for q div
Slide 26
US-JP Workshop on Fusion Power Plants and Related Advanced
Technologies UCSD, in U.S,. 22-23 Feb. 2010 26 Possibility of
DT-ratio Control CREST(R=5.4m, N =5.5, Pf=3GW, Pcd=100MW) MHD with
current drive consistency has been examined. BSC and Ip decrease,
then confinement and density are degraded under the limited Pcd.
DT-ratio control has still possibility for high density operation
with decrease of fusion power in comparison with Demo-CREST results
T/(T+D)=0. T/(T+D)=0.2 T/(T+D)=0. T/(T+D)=0. T/(T+D)=0. OP OP2 OP3
OP4 Analysis for Demo-CREST is now under survey.