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Map of World with Chile, NZ and Japan??Reggiie DesRoches

Marc Eberhard

Rene LagosJohn Silva

Ken Elwood

Shun OtaniKazuhiko Kawashima

Ian Robertson

2010 Haiti Earthquake

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Homes

Government Buildings

3

Schools

The 27 February 2010South Central Chile Earthquake

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30 TYP.

Engineered buildings

Santiago

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Construction trend

Rene Lagos

Wall Area / Floor Areaat first story

1937 1947 1957 1967 1977 1987 20071997

Year

Wall Area / Total Weightabove first story

1937 1947 1957 1967 1977 1987 20071997

Year

Wall damage

6

Anchoring to concrete

Nonstructural

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Christchurch 2010-2011

Darfield “aftershocks”

Focal Depth: ~5km Epicenter: ~8km from CBD

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Before

After

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URM Damage - February

370 URM buildings in CBDIngham and Griffith, 2011

Life Safety

Inside Safer?

Outside Unsafe

Risk of fatalities outside building

Risk of fatalities inside buildings

(Ingham 2011)

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0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Retrofit Strength vs Damage

Ingham and Griffith, 2011

Nonductile concrete

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Faces of the earthquake

185 confirmed fatalities- 115 in CTV building- 18 in PGC building- 42 in and around URM

Approximately 6500 injuries

Overall Structural Performance

Images courtesy of Kam Weng Yuen

CBD Tagging as of March 18 2011

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RC Building Performance

Kam, Pampanin, Elwood, NZSEE Bulletin 2012

43%

32%

25%

Before 1980 (116)

Frames 41%

30%

29%

1980s (68)

56%24%

20%

After 1990 (46)

59%27%

14%

Unknown (127)

41%

44%

15%

Before 1980 (27)

Walls

58%32%

10%1980s (19)

50%

21%

29%

After 1990 (28)

47%

29%

24%Unknown (17)

Distribution of placards for concrete frame and wall buildings in CBD as of 12 June 2011

Critical Building Project

~40 “Critical buildings” Advise City on action to reduce

hazard during State of Emergency. Stabilize, Demolish, or Leave it

for the owner?

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Christchurch – One year after

Ross Becker

? ?

?

?

?

March 2011

Central Business District –Cordon (114 Square Blocks)

May 2011

Today

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Tohoku, Japan 2011

Ground Acceleration Records

Acceleration Time History (EW direction)

http://outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/#tsunamiheight

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-60

-30

0

30

60

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

-150

-75

0

75

150

0 200 400 600 700

1.50.75

0

- 0.75

- 1.5

0.6

0.3

0

- 0.3

- 0.6500300100

Time elapsed (sec)

Dis

p. (

m)

Acc

. Dis

p. (

m/s

/s)

Roof Disp.First Story Acc.

High-rise buildings

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Performance of School Buildings; without Seismic Retrofit

Performance of School Buildings; with Seismic Retofit Done

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Peak Water Level Measurements

Tsunami Inundation and Runup

Typical inundation depth from 10m to 20m

Maximum runupof 38m and 40m

Tsunami Damage to Structures

Overturned Koban(in Onagawa, RC, two-storied)

Hotel partially intact(in Miyako, S, six-storied)

Collasped Building(in Rikuzen-takata, RC, one-storied)

Collasped Railway Bridge(in Tanohata, RC)

Collapsed Seawall(in Yamada, RC)

Overturned Brick Wall(in Watari, Concrete Block)

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Types of Debris

Fire Truck in Otsuchi Power poles and tree trucks

Debris dammingFailed seawall

Map of World with Chile, NZ and Japan??