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8/3/2019 20.1 Excretion
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Excretion is a process of removingunwanted substances from the body.
Unwanted substance are called excretory
products
The organs which removes theseexcretory products are called excretory
organs
Human excretory organs are SKIN,
LUNGS and KIDNEYS.
If excretory products are allowed to
accumulate in the body, it will become
harmful to health.
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Excretory Method
SWEATING1)The sweat glands
absorbs excretory
product from blood
capillaries around it.
2Sweat is eliminated
from the sweat gland
through sweat pores to
the surface of the skin.
3) Helps to control body
temperature
Excretory Products Water + Mineral Salts +
Urea Sweat
Sweat duct
Sweat
pores
Sweat
glands
Blood
capillaries
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Excretory Method exhalation
1)Carbon dioxide in theblood capillaries
diffuses into the
alveolus and is
eliminated from the
lungs when exhaling.
2)Water is eliminated
from the lungs in the
form of water vapour.Excretory Products Water and Carbon
dioxide
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Excretory Method URINATION.1)Excretory products are
carried by the blood to
the kidney and then
eliminated as urine.
**Kidney eliminated
many substances in large
quantities.
Excretory Products Water, Urea and excess
Mineral Salts.
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The urinary system has 4 big
components:
1. A pair of kidneys.
2. A urinary bladder.
3. A pair of ureters.
4. A urethra
The kidneys regulate the amount of
water, salts and other substances in
the blood.
The kidneys remove wastes (urine)
and excess salts from the blood.
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The ur eter s are tubes that carry
urine from the kidneys to the urinary
bladder.
The ur inar y bladder temporarily
stores urine until it is released from
the body.
The ur ethr a is the tube that carries
urine from the urinary bladder to the
outside of the body.
The outer end of the urethra is
controlled by a circular muscle called
a sphincter .
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The kidneys connected to renal artery and
renal vein that bring in /out blood
contains excess water, mineral, salts and
urea. This blood process in kidneys.
Each Kidney consists of
The cor tex is where the blood is
filtered.
The med ulla contains the collecting
ducts which carry filtrate (filtered
substances) to the pelvis.
The pelvis is a hollow cavity where
urine accumulates and drains into the
ureter.
CORTEXMEDULA
PELVIS
URETER
O2
CO2
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If kidneys do not function properly, toxic substances in the blood
will accumulate and this will lead to death.
The kidney will function properly if we :
a) Drink a lot of clean water.
b) Avoid drinking alcohol.
c) Reduce drinking gassy drinks.
d) Reduce eating food with high sugar content
Kidney failure is a condition in which kidney cannot carry out their
normal function.
Need to undergo DIALYSIS ,3 times per week if both kidneys do
not function.
Using machine to filter.
The kidney transplant must be compatible with the patient¶s,
otherwise it will be rejected by the patient body.
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PLANT
EXCREATION
Carbon dioxide,oxygen and
water
Leaf
Stomata
Water, ureaand mineral
salts
Tree
StemBark
Quinineand tannin
throughthrough through
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Plants performs excretion to remove excretory
products such as water, oxygen, carbon dioxide,
mineral salts and nitrogenous wastes.
Water-T ranspiration
Oxygen-Photosynthesis
Carbon Dioxide-transpiration.
Other excretory products of plants are found in the
form of secretions, alkaloids, oils and crystals.
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Plants do not have any special excretory system.
These excretory products are eliminated by:
1. Photosynthesis
2. Cellular respiration
3. Transpiration through stomata, lenticels and
cuticles at the stem and leaves.
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EXCRETORY
PRODUCT SOURCE USE
Latex Rubber tree To make vehicle tires
Resin
Certain tree stems like
the casuarina tree To make varnish
GumCertain tree stems like the acacia tree
To make cough medicine
Acid (tannic
acids or tannin)
Bar k of plants like the
tea, coffee and
mangrove tree To make ink
Quinine Bar k of cinchona tree to treat malaria
Oil
Flowers or leaves of
certain trees
To make perfume and
ointment for insect bites
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LATEX RESIN GUM
TANNIN QUINNIN OIL