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#1 producer of oil in South America

Arepa is a common bread from this country

Lake Maracaibo

Flag recently changed to have an 8th star and the horse running to the left

Venezuela

Tango is the national dance.

Pampas Plains are here

Agriculture

South America’s #1 exporter of beef

Cristina Fernandez – current president

Aconcagua – tallest peak in South America

Argentina

Chilean President 1973-1990

Human rights violations

Controversial figure

Chile did well while he was in office

Augusto Pinochet

2nd largest producer of petroleum in South America

US Dollar for currency

19,000 foot volcano

Ecuador

Current president of Venezuela

Anti-American

Socialist

A coup attempt to overthrow him a few years ago

Hugo Chavez

Landlocked countryMany mineral resourcesLots of tin95% in extreme povertyPoorest country in South

AmericaDonkey sitting on a gold mineNamed after Simón Bolivar

Bolivia

Spanish conquistador

Conquered Inca in 1526

Francisco Pizarro

Spanish conquistador

Conquered Aztecs

Famous for burning ships to fully commit his men to not leaving

Mexico

Hernando Cortez

From ArgentinaMedical studentTraveled by motorcycle to see

Latin AmericaBecame friends with Fidel CastroAccomplish goals by using

violenceGuerilla warfare

Che Guevara

Captain of Chilean Navy

Liberator of Chile

Designed Chilean flag

First Chilean head of state

Statues of him in Chile

Bernardo O Higgins

Fishing plays a major role“Ceviche” – national dishHeart of Inca empire is hereApproximately 50% of country is

below poverty lineWorld’s top producer of silverWind instruments very popular

Peru

2nd poorest country in South America

World’s 3rd largest exporter of soybeans

Guaraní still spoken here90% work in agricultureLandlocked country50% go beyond the 6th grade

Paraguay

Cuzco, Peru was the heart of this

Machu Picchu – ancient city high in the Andes Mtns.

Quechua – native language

Quipu – Numbering system

Inca Empire

Ancient civilization in Guatemala and Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico

Only known fully developed written language of pre-Columbian

Americas

Built pyramids, human sacrificing at times

Maya

Lush tropical country full of a variety of wildlife and plants

No national armyA center of peaceOscar Arias won Nobel Peace

PrizeOver 1200 types of butterfliesApproximately the size of West

Virginia

Costa Rica

Spanish dictator from 1939-1975

Controlling with many rules

Catholicism enformed, no divorce, men and women not to mix at pools/beaches,

classical music only

Spain opened its doors to the world upon his death

Had friendly relations with Hitler

Francisco Franco

Island located south of Florida

Communist history

Fidel Castro ruled here from 1959-2008

Government forbids its citizens from leaving this country without 1st

getting permission

Cuba

5th largest producer of wine in the world

Most fertile soil in the world

Michelle Bachelet – current president

Atacama Dessert – driest dessert in the world, astronomy here

Chile

La Fiesta de San Fermín in Pamplona, Spain

One week festival in July

Bulls run through the streets

(What is bull fighting called?)

El Encierro

(La Corrida de Toros)

Spanish author who wrote the best-selling fiction book of all

time – Don Quixote de La Mancha

Miguel Cervantes

Revered as a hero throughout much of South America – their

“George Washington”

Brought 5 South American countries (the northern most 5)

their independence from Spain as well as Panama from Central

America (6 total)

Simón Bolivar

Island in the Caribbean that borders Haiti

Baseball most popular sport here

Sugar a major export

Much of the country consists of a mixed African descent

Dominican Republic

Island in the Caribbean that is a semi-autonomous territory of the United States

No passport needed to travel from US to this island

Taino indians lived here

Originally called “San Juan Bautista” island

Puerto Rico

80% of the world’s cocaine comes from hereFARC – terrorist groupOne of the world’s leading suppliers of

emeraldsOver 70% of cut flowers in US come from

here15 major volcanoes in this countryNo middle classVariety of ethnic groups – more than half are

“mestizo” in this country

Colombia

Agriculture main source of economy

More than 90% of its people are of European descent

Small coastal country

Ferries go between its capital and the Argentine capital daily

Uruguay